选修七Unit5 选修八Unit1学案- 高考英语一轮复习

选修7Unit5选修8Unit1学案I．Wordstudy1.preparevt&vi准备；预备；筹备；制作；配制常用结构：preparesth/prepareforsth/preparesbsth/preparetodosth/preparesbforstheg.Afterarrivinghome，shebegantomakeafireandpreparesupper.准备晚饭Thechemistispreparingamedicine.配药Motherispreparingusameal.=Motherispreparingamealforus.Theteacherpreparedhisstudentsforthecollegeentranceexamination.。老师指导他的学生为大学入学考试作准备adj.preparedbepreparedtodosth;bepreparedforsthn.preparationmakepreparationsforsth./todosth.;inpreparationfor练一练：1）Plansforthenewschoolare________________________在准备中.2)Thearmyismaking________________准备forafull-scaleinvasion.3)Schoolsshoulddomoreto______________准备childrenfortheworldofwork.4)Heworkeddeepintothenightlastnight,________anarticleforameeting.A.prepareB.toprepareC.preparingD.fort安慰，舒适fortsb或itcomfortssbtodosth(干某事使某人宽心)n.表“带来安慰的人或物”时，一般与a连用。常用beacomforttosb/it’sacomforttodosth练一练：1)________________（使我宽心）toknowthatsheissafe.2)Jerryhasbeen______________(我最大的安慰)sinceMaxdied.3.substitutevt.用...代替...substitute+n;substituteAforB;/substituteBwith/byA用A代替Bsubstitutefor+nn.常用：asubstitutefor...“没有...那样好，不如...称心练一练：1.We_________redballs__________blue(用红球代替篮球)toseeifthebabywouldnotice.2.Thereis_____________________________（没有什么能代替）goodfoodandexercise.3.Buttercanbe_________________margarineinthisrecipe.4.Margarinecanbe______________butterinthisrecipe.4.ocmmentvi.评论；发表意见；批评commenton/uponsth.,commentthat从句n.makecommentson/aboutsth.Nocomment!无可奉告！练一练：1)Someofhercriticismsareunreasonable,butmostofwhatshesaysisfair_______.A.commentB.descriptionC.advantageD.purpose2)Haveyouanycomments_____thepresentdevelopments?A.todowithB.todoinC.tomakeonD.tomakein3).---Haveyouanycommenttomakeaboutthecauseofthedisaster,sir?---__________!A.NoideaB.NocommentC.No,Idon’tknowD.Nodoubt5.abundantadj.丰富的；充裕的；充分的anabundantyear丰年anabundantharvest丰收abundantproof充分的证据beabundant/richin富含.....的；在...很丰富n.abundanceadv.ernvt&vi.统治；支配；管理；左右，决定影响；控制（脾气等）governoneself克制自己练一练：1)Thelawofsuppydemand____________________________________(支配货物的价格)。2)Youshould___________________(克制自己)。7.prehistoricadj.史前的，历史以前的pre-是前缀，“前，先，预先”之意如：preannounce预告prehuman人类以前的preform预先形成译：prejudge__________prearrange________prehistory___________8.percentagen.（可数名词）百分比，百分率；比例，部分；好处，益处如：Whatpercentageofhisincomeistaxable?他的收入有多少需拿所得税？Anincreasingpercentageofthepopulationowntheirownhouses.自己有房子的人占人口比例越来越大了。译：1）资本主义（capitalist）世界失业人口的百分比不断上升。——————————————————————————2）大部分人来了。————————————————————————————9.cattle.n.是一个集合名词，指复数概念，不可加-s，且谓语动词必须用复数形式。类似的集合名词有：people,police,folk,等。一般不和a(n)连用，但可和the连用（表示总括意义或特指）练：1)Cattle___________________(正在吃草).2)Thefarmerdecidedtobuysomecattles.(改错)注意：要表示“牛”的头数，可借助head(头)这个词。如：tenheadofcattle(10头牛)，fortyheadofcattle(40头牛)等，这些表达中的headof也可省略，即可说tencattle,fortycattle等，但是我们通常不说onecattle,而应说成oneheadofcattle,因为cattle是一个表复数意义的集合名词。同时应注意：以上各例中的head(头)是一个单复数同形的名词，所以没用heads这样的形式。10.indicatev.表示，表明；指示，标示；象征，暗示。后接名词或从句。译：1)Asignpostindicatedtherightroadforustofollow.________________________________________2)Feverindicatessickness.__________________________________3)Thecommitteeindicatedthatitmighttakeaction._____________________________________________11.swap.vt&vi.n.交换v.swapsthwithsb和某人交换某物；swap(sb)sthforsth(和某人)用某物交换某物译：1）我用这个和你交换那个吧。______________________2)你愿意和我换位置吗？________________________________3)他表示要与她交换相机。_________________________________12.slipv.n.滑动；悄悄到某处，悄悄拿；滑落，滑脱，逃走；逃离（某处），逃脱，挣脱。做名词还有“错误”之意译：1)Heslippedthemoneyintohispocket.______________________________.2)Themoviestarslippdeintotownbeforethecrowdsreachedtheairport._____________________________________________答案：1.1）inpreparation2)preparations3)prepare4)C2.1)Itcomfortsme2)arealcomforttome3.1)substituted...for2)nosubstitutefor3)substitutedwith/b4)substitutedfor4.1)A2)C3）B6.1)governsthepricesofgoods2)governyourself3)governyourtemper7.预先判断，过早判断；预先安排；史前史（学）8.1）Theunemploymentpercentagekeepsrisinginthecapitalistworld.2)Thelargepercentageofthepeoplecame.9.1)aregrazing2)cattle10.1)路标指给我们应走的路。2）身体发烧表明有病。3）委员会表示可能采取行动。11.1）I’llswapyouthisforthat.2)Willyouswapplaceswithme?3)Heofferedtoswaphiscameraforhers.12.1）他偷偷把钱放入口袋。2）人群到达机场时，那个电影明星已经悄悄进了城。II.phrases1.adjusttosth/todoingsth.适应/习惯（做）某事adjustoneselftosth使自己适应...adjuststh,tosth.使...适应于..，调节...练：1）Hesoon___________________(适应了学校生活)。2）It____severalsecondsforhiseyes_______________习惯了thedark.3)You’llquickly______yourself_____适应studentlife.4)_______yourlanguzge____使...适合于theageofyouraudience.2.keepitup保持优秀成绩；继续干下去如：Keepitup,Tom.汤姆，好好干下去Welldone!Keepitup!干得好，继续好好干吧！Ihopetheweatherkeepsup.我希望这天气能继续下去。keepupone’smorale/one’sspirits/appearances保持士气/振作起来/装门面keepupwith跟上，不落在后面keepsb.up使某人不睡觉练：1）Manyteensdon’tgetenoughsleepbecausetheyhavetoomuchhomework,which____themupatnight.A.makesB.breaksC.turnsD.keeps2)Wouldyouslowdownabit,please?Ican’t___you.A.keepupwithB.putupwithC.makeuptoD.holdonto3.get/beusedtosth/doingsth.习惯于做某事；usedtodosth.过去常常做某事；beusedtodosth被用来干某事。练：1）People___lifeasajourney.A.usedtoconsideringB.usedtoconsiderC.haveusedtoconsiderD.havebeenusedtoconsidering2)I____English,butIgettolikeitnow.A.isnotusedtolikeB.usedn’ttolikingC.usden’ttolikeD.usedn’ttotelling3)Mother___usstorieswhenwewereyoung.A,wasusedtotellB.isusedtotellingC.usedtotellD.usedtotelling4.makealife适应、习惯新的生活方式；makealiving谋生练：1）Theboyhaveto_________byhimselfafterhisfather’sdeath.2)Thegirlsoon_____________inhernewjob.5.makeout用线划分出；规划出，制定出；勾销，删掉；注定，指定，选定6.takein包括，吸收；收容，留宿；欺骗；（衣服等）该校；订购，订阅；了解，领会答案：1.1）adjustedtoschoollife2)took,toadjustto3)adjust,to4)Adjust,to2.1）D2）A3.1)D2)C3)C4.1）makealiving2)agent10.settlein11.fitin12.beoccupiedwithsth/indoingsth13.closeup14.bymeansof15.occurto16.feel/beathomewith/in/onsth.精通，熟悉，运用自如17.makeyourselfathome请随意，不要客气（招呼客人时说）18.makesb.feelathome使某人感到宾至如归19.helpyourself(to...)请随意(吃...)III.sentences1.IfoundanarticleontheInternetthatseemedtohaveexzctlytheinformationIneed.定从2.HewantedtoknowwhatIthought,whichconfusedme......3.XieLeitoldmeshefeelsmuchmoreathomeinEnglandnowandthatthings.感到自在多了4.“Theydon’ttalkliketheydoonourlisteningtapes.”shesaid,laughing.like引导方式状语从句。如同，好像。相当于as5.Itwasthefirsttimeshehadeverleftherhomecountry.时态6.Ididn’tknowwhattoexpect.在一些动词或介词后，