高中英语应用文写作技法指导

高中英语应用文写作技法指导技法一审题谋篇四步法（浙江卷高考英语）假定你是李华，你校来自爱尔兰的外教Peter因病回国休假。请给他写一封电子邮件,内容包括：.询问近况；.分享班级最新消息；.表达祝愿。注意：1.词数80左右；2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。第一步审题立意布局谋篇牌邮件时态一般过去时和一般现在时人称第一人称绢勾三段要点.询问近况.告知班级消息.表达祝愿第二步核心内容逐一盘点第一段一问候.听说你请了病假回家休养，我们很挂念你。你现在感觉怎么样?Wehaveheardthatyouhavegonebackhomeonsickleave,andweareconcernedaboutyou.Howareyoufeelingnow?第二段——分享班级消息.提出有好消息：我希望我给你的好消息能抹去疾病的阴影。Ihopemygoodnewsforyouwillsweepawaytheshadowofthedisease..具体说明消息上个月，我们学校举行了一个英语节，我们班演唱了一首你在节日时教我们的歌。我们一唱完这首歌，所有的观众都给了我们热烈的掌声。Lastmonth,anEnglishFestivalwasheldinourschool,andourclassperformedasongwhichyoutaughtusatthefestival.Assoonaswefinishedthesong,alltheaudiencegaveuswarmapplause..当时的感受(1)我非常高兴和兴奋，所以我几乎跳了起来。IwasveryhappyandexcitedsoIalmostjumpedup.(2)我们想和你分享快乐，但你不在。Wewantedtosharejoywithyou,butyouwerenotthere.第三段——表达祝愿.我们都非常想念你，希望你能快速痊愈Weallmissyouverymuchandwishyouaquickandcompleterecovery.第三步斟词酌句润色升级.请用含有非谓语的句子合并句1中的两个并列分句。Hearingthenewsthatyouhavegonebackhomeonsickleave,weareconcernedaboutyou.Howareyoufeelingnow?.请用so引导的倒装句改写句4(1)。SohappyandexcitedwasIthatIalmostjumpedup..用含有ifonly的虚拟语气的句子改写句4(2)。Ifonlyyouhadbeentheretoshareourjoy!第四步巧妙衔接完美成篇DearPeter,Hearingthenewsthatyouhavegonebackhomeonsickleave,weareconcernedaboutyou.Howareyoufeelingnow?Ihopemygoodnewsforyouwillsweepawaytheshadowofthedisease.Lastmonth,anEnglishFestivalwasheldinourschool,andourclassperformedasongwhichyoutaughtusatthefestival.Assoonaswefinishedthesong,alltheaudiencegaveuswarmapplause.SohappyandexcitedwasIthatIalmostjumpedup.Ifonlyyouhadbeentheretoshareourjoy!Weallmissyouverymuchandwishyouaquickandcompleterecovery.Yours,LiHua技法二规避常见的五种错误典例示范常见错误错误句子改错句子成分残缺或多余(缺)Therearemanystudentssupportit.Therearemanystudentswho/thatsupportit.(多)Wereachedtoschoolat6:00am.Wereachedschoolat6:00am.主谓不一致Thechildrenwasveryhappy.Thechildrenwereveryhappy.Youcanreadthebookswhichisontheshelf.Youcanreadthebookswhichareontheshelf.时态、语态错误Theexhibitionwillheldnextweekend.Theexhibitionwillbeheldnextweekend.YesterdayIwitnessanaccident.YesterdayIwitnessedanaccident词性不分Honestisthebestpolicy.Honestyisthebestpolicy.PapercuttingisatraditionChineseart.PapercuttingisatraditionalChineseart.Ifinallythroughtheexamafterseveralattempts.Ifinallygotthroughtheexamafterseveralattempts.中式英语Iverylikehisclasses.Ilikehisclassesverymuch.MyfatherboughtmeaMoYanwritingbook.MyfatherboughtmeabookwrittenbyMoYan.Thetreesverytall.Thetreesareverytall.技法三亮化词汇三原则根据高考应用文写作的评分标准，应用词汇的丰富性和准确性是作文能否取得高分的一条重要的标准。所以，在词汇亮化上应遵循以下三个原则：原则1求新求变同样意义的词语，要根据语境使用最新学过的而不是小学初中学过的词汇。如果同样的意义重复出现，要使用不同的表达方式。如：Whenfeelingsad,Ioftenchoosetoenjoythenovelpartwhichincludesalotofgoodstories.（2021•新高考全国I）—Whenfeelingdepressed,Ioftenchoosetoenjoythenovelpartwhichincludesalotofimaginativestories..WiththewidespreadoftheInternet,moreandmorepeoplebecomeonlinelearners.（2021•全国乙）一WiththewidespreadoftheInternet,anincreasingnumberofpeoplebecomeonlinelearners.Iamwritingtoaskyoutohelpmewithaplayweadaptedaccordingtothetext.（2020•全国DI）—Iamwritinginsinceritytoaskyouafavorregardingaplayweadaptedaccordingtothetext.Foranother,Chinahasalonghistoryandrichculture.lthasalwaysattractedpeoplewholoveanythingaboutChina.（2020•江苏）一Foranother,Chinaenjoysalonghistoryandrichculture.lthasalwaysbeenanattractionforthosewhoarekeenonanythingthatisChinese.原则2求准求精写作时不一定每一句都要有复杂句式，有时准确使用一个单词就会让整个句子增色。Inconclusion,weshouldfindawaytostudyonlinebetter.（2021•全国乙）—Inconclusion,weshouldfindawaytostudyonlinemoreefficiently.Hiswordsofencouragementcanstillberemembered.（2020・全国I）—Hiswordsofencouragementstillringinmyears.Iamwaitingforyourearlyreply.（2021•全国甲）—Iamwaitingforyourearlyreplyeagerly.原则3短语优先恰当使用短语代替单词，不但可以增加词数，还有助于绕开不会表达的单词，使得行文更加流畅。.Inconclusion,weshouldknowitsadvantagesanddisadvantagesandfindaproperwaytomakeourstudymoreefficient.（2021•全国乙）—Inconclusion,weshouldhaveagoodunderstandingofitsadvantagesanddisadvantagesandfindaproperwaytomakeourstudymoreefficient..Inordertogetmoreclicks,you'dbettertellmewhichChinesecultureattractswesternersmost.（2021・全国甲）—Inordertogetmoreclicks,you'dbettertellmewhichChinesecultureholdsthemostattractionforwesterners..Iwouldappreciateitifyoucouldconsidermyapplication.（2019,全国I）—Iwouldappreciateitifyoucouldtakemyapplicationintoconsideration..Themajorityofpeoplewhoweresurveyedsupportedthisidea.—Themajorityofpeoplewhoweresurveyedwereinfavourofthisidea.技法四美化句式四诀窍诀窍1三大从句各一从句是丰富内容的有效手段。每一篇优秀作文，句式都应该多样。所以在写作中，要注意打造三种从句。定语从句:Whenfeelingdepressed,Ioftenchoosetoreadthecolumnwhichcoversalotofinspiringstories.（2021・新高考全国I）状语从句:Ithasbeen10yearssinceYouthwasfoundedandIbegantoreadthenewspaperwhenIwasstillajunioronestudent.（2021・新高考全国I）名词性从句:Whatattractsmemostisthecolumncoveringsomepopularstars.（2021•新高考全国I）诀窍2非谓语若干非谓语的正确使用能体现出学生的语法功底，相比于从句，非谓语更加生动简洁。（2020•全国口）Lastweekend,myclassmatesandItookpartinafarmpicking（现在分词作定语）activity.Surrounded（过去分词作状语）bygreentrees,thefarmislocatedatthefootofthehillnearourschool.Thereisasmallriverflowingthroughthefarm（现在分词短语作定语）.Whileenjoyingbeing（动名词作宾语）closetonature,webegantohelppickpeachescoveringeverytree（现在分词短语作定语）.Weworkedinpairs,onepickingpeachesandtheothercarefullyputtingthemintoabigbox（现在分词的独立主格结构）.Throughparticipating（动名词彳乍宾语）inthispickingactivity,Ihavebecomeawareofthesignificanceofwork.Iamdeterminedtostudyhard,tobeausefulpersontothecountryandtocontributetotheimprovementofpeople'slives（不定式短语作宾语）.诀窍3倒装强调可出现特殊句型如倒装句、强调句和感叹句等可以使整篇文章句式更加丰富。Inmymemory,itisYouththataccompaniesmethroughmywholehighschool.（2021•新高考全国I）Fromthisactivity,notonlydidwerealizethatbuildingupourbodyisofgreatimportance,butalsowelearnedmoreabout"persistenceleadstosuccess".（2020•新高考全国I）Ontheway,exhaustedastheparticipantswere,theykeptrunninguntilthefinishingline.（2020•新高考全国I）Suchismyunderstandingaboutgrowingup.（2020・天津）Whatanunforgettableexperience!（2020・新高考全国I）诀窍4被动露露面如果一篇文章全都是主动句而且主语一致，文章就会显得单调，适当使用被动句能够避免这种情况。.BecausewewillpresentthisactivityontheEnglishwebsite,Isincerelywantyoutooffermesomeadvice.（2021•全国甲）一BecausethisactivitywillbepresentedontheEnglishwebsite,Isincerelywantyoutooffermesomeadvice..Iwonderifyouwouldliketogiveussomeadvice.Weneedtoadjustthevocabularyandgrammaroftheplot,andwealsoneedyourguidanceonourperformance.（2020・全国JU）—Iwonderifyouwouldliketogiveussomeadvice.Thevocabularyandgrammaroftheplotneedtobeadjusted,andwealsoneedyourguidanceonourperformance..I'mwritingtoletyouknowthatwewillhaveavolleyballmatchnextmonth.Wew川holdthematchinourschoolgymandwewillarrangeitontheafternoonofJuly4th.（2019•全国口）—I'mwritingtoletyouknowthatwewillhaveavolleyballmatchnextmonth.Thematch,whichwillbeheldinourschoolgym,isscheduledontheafternoonofJuly4th.技法五衔接过渡四类型衔接过渡词可以分为“启、承、转、合”四类。于“启”的过渡词语：asyouknow,asisshowninthefirstofall,foronething,aboveall,ontheonehand,inasense,tostartwith等。①AsfarasIknow,thisexhibitionwilllastforhalfamonthintheschoolartgallery.（2021•浙江）Firstofall,itisconvenientsincewecanlearnwhateverweneedwhenevernecessaryandwhereverweare,aslongaswehaveanaccesstotheInternet.（2021•全国乙）Foronething,theoveralldevelopmentoverthepastdecadeshasbeensostrikingthattheyfeeleagertofamiliarizethemselveswithwhatisgoingoninChina.（2020•江苏）④Firstandforemost,thecompetitiontobeheldinourschoolstadiumwillbeginat2pmandlastforroughly3hours.（2019・全国H）2.用于“承"的过渡词语：secondly,also,inaddition,foranotherthing,forthispurpose,furthermore,whatismore,forexample,inotherwords,infact,atthesametime,asaresult,therefore等。①What'smore,ifIwanttodecoratemywebsitewithsomeChineseelements,whatshouldIdo?（2021•全国甲）©Therefore,Istronglyrecommendthatallthestudentsinourschoolshouldmakeuseoftheirsparetimetoenjoythesewonderfulworkscarefully.（2021,新高考全国I）③Foranother,Chinaenjoysalonghistoryandrichculture.（2020•江苏）©Second,asaChinesepaintinglover,Iknowalotaboutthisartform.（2019•全国I）⑤Furthermore,itisnecessaryforyoutotakeagoodrest,whichwillprovideenoughenergyfor丫。11.（2019・全国11）（6）Meanwhile,I'malsointerestedtolearnsomefolkdancesfromyouinyourlecture,whichwillhelpmeimprovemydancing.（2019•天津）3.用于“转”的过渡词语：afterall,but,however,onthecontrary,incontrast,otherwise,while,though,despite,inspiteof,allthesame,asamatteroffact八Go（1）However,beingonlinelearnershasitsadvantagesanddisadvantages.（2021•全国乙）（2）Ontheway,althoughsomestudentsfellbehind,theykeptrunninguntilthefinishingline.（2020・新高考全国I）4.用于“合”的过渡词语：inaword,generallyspeaking,atlast,inshort,intheend,inconclusion,onthewhole,insummary,tosumup,toputitinanutshell①Finally,youarewelcomeatanytimetomyhouseandbemyguest.Congratulationsagain!（2）Tosumup,Iwishyoucouldliveuptotheexpectationsofourschool.（2019•全国n）③Inconclusion,theschooluniformsareabetterchoicethanthetraditionalChinesedressforsuchanoccasion.（2019•江苏）④Allinall,notonlydoesStartofSpringbreedpeople'shopeforanewyear,butitconveystheirexpectationsforthebrightfuture.（2021•江西重点中学盟校联考）I.升级句中加黑词汇Withthedevelopmentoftechnology,moreandmorepeoplearefondofonlinepayment.Withthedevelopmentoftechnology,anincreasingnumberofpeoplearefondofonlinepayment.Traditionalculturesareveryimportantinourcountry.Traditionalculturesareofgreatimportanceinourcountry.Asforme,Ilikeschooluniformsbetterthancasualclothes.Asforme,Ipreferschooluniformstocasualclothes.QingdaoliesintheeastofShandongProvince.Qingdaoissituated/locatedintheeastofShandongProvince.Everyonemusthaveexperiencedamovingmoment,andI'dliketoshareminewithyou.Everyonemusthaveexperiencedatouchingmoment,andI'dliketoshareminewithyou.Iamwritingtosaythankstoyouforyourhelp.Iamwritingtoexpressmygratitudetoyouforyourhelp.Hereissomeadvice,whichIhopewillbegoodforyou.Hereissomeadvice,whichIhopewillbebeneficialtoyou.Iamveryhappytohearthatyouarecomingtoourcityforavisit.Iamextremelydelightedtohearthatyouarecomingtoourcityforavisit.n.升级句式练习Theceremonywasscheduledtobeheldfrom8:00amto11:00amonJune8,andduringthattimewereviewedthepasteventsandwatchedsomevideosabouttheheroicdeedsofourschoolmatesinthebattleagainstCOVID-19.（用定语从句改写）—Theceremonywasscheduledtobeheldfrom8:00amto11:00amonJune8,duringwhichwereviewedthepasteventsandwatchedsomevideosabouttheheroicdeedsofourschoolmatesinthebattleagainstCOVID-19..AnEnglishoralcompetitionwasheldthisMondayandourclasswonthefirstprizeinit.（用定语从句改写）一OurclasswonthefirstprizeintheEnglishoralcompetitionthat/whichwasheldthisMonday.Doesyoursummercourseofferaccommodation?（用宾语从句改写）—Iwonderif/whetheryoursummercourseoffersaccommodation.ThestudentsinterestedinthecontestarerequiredtosignupforitbeforeJuly3.（用主语从句改写）—ItisrequiredthatthestudentsinterestedinthecontestshouldsignupforitbeforeJuly3.Yougreetothersactively,andyouaremorelikelytomakefriends.（用状语从句改写）—Ifyougreetothersactively,youaremorelikelytomakefriends.Webecameexhaustedhalfway,butwemanagedtogettothefinishingline.（用状语从句改写）-^•Although/Though/Whilewebecameexhaustedhalfway,wemanagedtogettothefinishingline.WheneverImeetwithdifficulty,myChineseteachergivesmeencouragementintime.（用强调句改写）—ItismyChineseteacherthat/whogivesmeencouragementwheneverImeetwithdifficulty.IamsoanxiousthatIcan'tsleepwellbeforeexams.（用倒装句改写）—SoanxiousamIthatIcan'tsleepwellbeforeexams.ThefruitfarmliesatthefootoftheMountYuhuangshan.（用倒装句改写）—AtthefootoftheMountYuhuangshanliesthefruitfarm..WewillholdtheexhibitioninthegalleryhallofourschoolonSaturdayafternoon.（用被动语态改写）—TheexhibitionwillbeheldinthegalleryhallofourschoolonSaturdayafternoon.m.用适当的过渡词汇填空ALiJiangandSuHuaarediscussingwhattowearwhenreceivingtheBritishstudentsnextmonth.LirecommendsthetraditionalChinesedress1.whileSupreferstheschooluniforms.2.Asforme/lnmyopinion/AsfarasIamconcerned,IwouldbehappytowearthetraditionalChinesedressatthewelcomeceremony.3.Foronething/Firstofall/Firstly,thisispreciselywhattheBritishvisitorsareexpecting.TheycometolearnaboutChineseculturewiththeirowneyes..Therefore,theirChinesepeersinthetypicalChinesedresswouldbehighlyimpressive.Theschooluniformsarefine;.however,theyarenotspecialenoughtogiveauniqueChineseflavour..Foranother/Secondly/Besides,theinconvenienceisnotaproblemifourpurposeistoshareChineseculture.ltisjusttheso-calledinconveniencethatdisplaystherichness,delicacyandgreatfascinationofChineseculturewithahistoryofthousandsofyears..Inconclusion/AIIinall/lnshort/lnbrief,thetraditionalChinesedresswillmaketheoccasionattractivetotheBritishguests.BDearSir/Madam,IamLiHua,astudentfromGuangmingMiddleSchool.Iamwritingtoasksomequestionsaboutthesummercourse..Firstofall,Iwonderwhenthecoursewillbeginandhowlongitwilllast.9.Secondly,Iwanttoknowwhetheryourschoolwillofferaccommodationforthestudents.O.Besides/What'smore/lnaddition,howmuchwillyouchargeforit?.Lastbutnotleast,howmanystudentsw川bethereinoneclass?.Allinall,Iwouldappreciateitifyoucouldreplytomeassoonaspossible.Yours,LiHua强化练应用文写作I.作文升档（浙江1月）假定你是李华，下周有新西兰学生访问你校，你将作为学生代表致欢迎辞。请为此写一篇发言稿，内容包括：.表示欢迎；.介绍活动安排；.表达祝愿。注意：.词数80左右；.可以适当添加细节，以使行文连贯。学生习作Dearguests,①Firstofall,pleaseallowmetoexpressawarmwelcometoourdearguestsonbehalfoftheschool.②Asplanned,duringyourstayatourschool,wewillfirstgiveyouatourofourschool.(3)Then,youcanvisittheEnglishcornertotalkwithourclassmatesandpromoteourfriendship.④Besides,ourclassesareworthyofbeingattended,becauseyoucanappreciatethedifferencesbetweenChineseandwesternteachingmethods.⑤Finally,ourChinesehostfamilieswillprovidetheopportunitytoexperienceadifferentcultureandtrysomedelicious,traditionalChinesefood.⑥Wewishyouahappytimeatourschool.作文升档第一步让词汇高级亮丽dear—honorable/distinguishedplan—schedulebesides—furthermorefinally-lastbutnotleasthappy—pleasant作文升档第二步让句式丰富多变.用定语从句合并句②和句③。Asscheduled,during