中考考点形容词、副词

PAGE4PAGE10第页共10页中考考点形容词、副词用法学习目标：1。注意形容词、副词在句中的作用。2．比较级与最高级的构成，一些不规则变化，以及用法。3．掌握有关形容词与副词的一些句型及用法。4．形容词修饰不定代词的用法。考点精析一、形容词：用来说明或修饰名词、代词的词称为形容词。1、形容词的句法作用：作句子中名词的定语、句子的表语以及宾语补足语。2、形容词在句子中的位置：⑴作定语时放在名词的前面。形容词修饰名词。如：abigyellowwoodenChineseship(一个黄色的大型中国木船)⑵作表语时放在连系动词之后，构成系表结构。如：Theideasoundsgreat.连系动词主要有：be(am,is,are),look(看起来),sound（听起来）,smell（闻起来）,taste（尝起来）,feel（感到，摸起来）.⑶作宾语补足语时放在宾语之后。keep/find/make/think+宾语+形容词（作宾补）如：Wemusttryourbesttokeepourenvironmentclean.⑷后置的情况：修饰复合不定代词时放在代词之后。如：Somethingserioushashappenedtohim.(他发生了严重的事故)二、副词：用来说明事情发生时间、地点、原因、方式等含义或说明其它形容词或副词程度的词叫做副词。1、副词的分类：(见下表)时间副词频度副词地点/方位副词程度副词方式副词疑问/连接副词其他副词today,tomorrow,once,here,there,very,too,well,how,too,also,yesterday,now,twice,home,below,enough,hard,where,nor,so,then,early,late,always,anywhere,rather,quite,alone,when,as,on,off,once,soon,just,usually,above,outside,how,so,fast,why,either,tonight,long,often,in,inside,out,much,just,together,whetheryes,no,already,yet,before,sometimes,back,up,down,nearly,onlysuddenly,however,etc.not,neitherago,later,eversincenever,away,off,far,almost,hardly,-ly结尾关系副词maybe,after,whenever(seldom),near,nearby,aslongas等,的副词where,perhaps,first,someday,ever,wherevereven,all,why,howcertainly,sometime,last,everywhere,alittle,abitwhen,2、副词在句子中的位置以及作用：★（副词可以修饰动词、形容词或副词，也可放句首修饰整个句子。）★[注意]“动词+副词”的宾语如果是代词,则代词放在动词与副词之间，如果宾语是名词则可以放中间，也可放后面。如：Hewrotedowntheword.(他写下了那个词。)→Hewroteitdown.(他把它写了下来。)★类似的有：putit/themontakeit/themoffturnit/themon/offhandit/themin三、形容词、副词的原级、比较级和最高级1、分类：形容词和副词有原级、比较级和最高级三级。原级变为比较级和最高级有规则变化和不规则变化两种。2、规则变化:(1)单音节和部分双音节形容词和副词,在原级的后面加上er,est构成比较级和最高级。a)直接加er,est：b)以重读闭音节结尾的,要双写最后一个辅音字母,后加er,est：c)以辅音字母+y结尾的,先把y改为i再加上er,est：(2)两个音节或两个以上的音节的,在原级前加more/most.3、不规则变化:原级比较级最高级good好的better更好的best最好的well好；(身体)好的,bad,badly糟糕的,糟糕地worse更糟糕的,更糟糕地；(身体)更不舒服的worst最糟糕的,最糟糕地；(身体)最不舒服的ill(身体)不舒服的many许多的(可数)more更多的；更most最多的；最much许多的(不可数)；非常little少的less更少的least最少的far远的；远地farther更远的；更远地farthest最远的；最远地further进一步的(地)furthest最深刻的(地)形容词和副词的原级、比较级和最高级的用法：结构意思as+形容词/副词+as…和……一样notas/so+形容词/副词+as不及/不如……so+形容词/副词+that从句如此……以至于……too+形容词/副词+todosth.太……而不能……形容词/副词+enoughtodosth足够……倍数+as+形容词/副词+as表示倍数such+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数=so+形容词+a/an+可数名词单数如此、这样such+形容词+可数名词单数/不可数名词Itbeadjforsbtodosth.\Itbeadjofsbtodosth.5.形容词和副词比较级的用法：6.形容词和副词最高级的用法：7、比较级前常用的修饰语:比较级前常用abit/alittle（一点），much/alot（非常）,even/far(更加),still等词语表示程度。①SheisalittletallerthanI(me).②RoseismuchmorecarefulthanTom..8、使用形容词和副词比较级和最高级应注意事项:1.形容词的最高级前必须有the,而副词的最高级前the可以省略。2.在进行比较时，必须是同类事物相比较。①HisrulerislongerthanI.(错)②Hisrulerislongerthanmine.(对)3.一些形容词后加上-ly可以变成副词，如slow-slowly,quick-quickly,careful-carefully等。以ly结尾的adj：friendly,lovely,lonely,ugly,lively,smelly超级金题： 全国中考试题分类选编一:根据意义选择不同的形容词和副词1根据意义选择适合形容词1.Maryisso________—shecomestoyouwheneveryou’reintrouble.A.useful B.careful C.thankful D.helpful2.Linda’sfatherhateswaitinginlonglines.Ithinkhe’sjustnotvery_______.A.patientB.talentedC.popularD.powerful3.Mostkidswouldsaysportsgamesarethe________thingsinaschool.Theyfeelveryexcited.A.happiestB.easiestC.worstD.busiest4.EagleFatherwasso__________withhissonthathekeptthefour-year-oldsonrunninginthesnowwithoutclothes.A.pleasedB.sorryC.carefulD.strict5.IgothomeformybirthdayfrommycollegeonFridayevening.Noonewasathome,andMomandDadhadn’tleftmeanote.Thismademe_________.

A.surprisedB.happyC.angryD.excited6.－Youlook.What'sup,sir?－Ican'tfindmyticket,butit'stimetocheckin.A.sleepyB.hungryC.tiredD.worried7.—I’mreally______beforethecompetition.—Takeiteasy.Sureyouarethebest.A.coolB.seriousC.nervousD.patient8.—Jack,howareyoufeelingtoday?—Much______.IthinkIcangotoschooltomorrow.A.betterB.worseC.brighterD.weaker9.WhenIknewthatChinahadgotherfirstAircraftCarrier(航空母舰),Ifeltexcitedand.A.proud B.terrible C.nervous D.strange10.—Howdoyoulikethescarf?—Verymuch.Itfeels____________.A.hardB.sweetC.coolD.soft11.—Whatdoesyourbrotherlooklike?—Heis_____________.A.fineB.niceandfriendly C.goodD.tallandhandsome12.—WhatfunTheCroodsis!—Yeah!Ilikethemovie,too.It'sso_______.A.boringB.scaryC.interestingD.sad13.—Isthepriceofthebackpackvery______?—No,it______meonlytwentyyuan.A.high;spent B.expensive;takes C.high;cost D.cheap;spends14..Thereisn’tanairportnearwhereIlive.The_______oneisabout90milesaway.A.busiestB.farthestC.newestD.nearest15.IfeltsorrythatIdroppedthejuiceonTina’sbed.Butshewasn’t_____atall.A.excitedB.happyC.angry16．TheInternetisreally＿＿＿tous．Wecaneasilyfindinformationonit．A．boringB．usefulC．interesting2.根据意义选择合适的副词1.Whenanearthquakehappens,andyouareoutdoors,youshouldgotoanopenareaasaspossible.A.quickly B.quietly C.loudly D.slowly2.Ahumanbraincandosomethings,suchascreatingnewideas,_______thanacomputer.A.worseB.betterC.slowerD.later3.—Thegirlsaretalkingabouttheartfestival.—Yes.Theyhavesomanyfunthingstoshare.A.easily B.angrily C.sadly D.happily4.MyoldneighborCharlesfelt_______afterhischildrenmovedout.A.lonely B.safely C.angrily D.happily5.—Excuseme,wouldyoupleasespeakalittlemore ?—Sorry,Ithoughtyoucouldfollowme.A.sadly B.quickly C.slowly D.politely6.Icarriedthebowlwithbothhands________,sothatIwouldn’tbreakit.A.carefullyB.happilyC.quicklyD.carelessly7.MyunclelosthisIDcardyesterdaymorning.___________,aschoolboyfounditandsentitbacktohimintheafternoon.A.LoudlyB.ClearlyC.NearlyD.Luckily8.—Jack,Ihavetohaveatalkwithyourfathertoday.—Sorry,MrsKing.Heisgoingonbusinessandwon’tbe________untilnextweek. A.out B.away C.back9.—Dad.Wouldyoupleasedrive________?—Nohurry.Wehaveenoughtimebeforetheplanetakesoff.AfasterB.moreslowlyC.morecarefully10.ThecityofHarbinisbeautifulalltheyeararound,______inwinter.Icelanternsdecoratestreetsandattractplentyoftourists.A.especially B.generally C.probably12.—Areyouthelastonetogotoschooltoday?—________not.I’malwaysthefirstone.A.CertainlyB.usuallyC.GenerallyDFinally13.Whatisitthathasmadehim_______excited?A.soB.veryC.tooD.quite14..________aftertheexplosionhappenedinafactoryinDehui,JilinonJune3rd,alotoffiremenrushedtoputoutthefire.A.Sadly B.Softly C.ShortlyD.Suddenly15..—Ourschoolbuswillleaveat8o’clocktomorrow.Don’tbelate.—OK.Iwillbetheretenminutes__________.A.soonerB.slowerC.fasterD.earlier16.Bequick!Thegamewillbegin______.A.immediately B.recently C.carefully D.Luckily17.Thebabyissleeping.pleasespeak______.A.loudly.B.clearly.C.quietly.D.politely.18.Don’ttalk______.Yourgrandmotherissleepingnow.A.loudB.hardlyC.loudlyD.hard三:形容词和副词混合，意义和语法相结合选择适合的词1..Itis______thatMr.Guosailedacrosstheworldbyhimself______withinabout130daysA.terrified,successful B.scary,successfullyC.amazing,successfully D.convincing,successful2..Peoplecarelotaboutfoodsafety,fortheywanttoeat___________.A.healthB.healthyC.healthilyDunhealthily3.Sometimesitrains_________inGuizhouinsummer.A.heavilyB.heavyC.strongD.Strongly4.Wecanhardlybelievethatyoulearntodanceso_.A.quickB.quicklyC.usefulD.usefully二:形容词和副词的比较级1as+原级+as1.Thevolunteerspokeas_____asshecouldtomakethevisitorsunderstandher.A.clearly B.moreclearly C.mostclearly D.themostclearly2.—Whatshouldwedotoreducefoodwaste?—Inarestaurantonlyorderas________asweneedandtrytoeatitup.A.muchB.moreC.most2比较级①根据较级标志性词than,选择比较级1.TonyisnotascleverasLucy,butheworks__________thanher.A.hardB.harderC.hardestD.thehardest2.Noonecansing_______thanher.A.wellB.goodC.betterD.best3.Iamgoodatmath,buthisEnglishis________thanmine.A.muchbetter B.morebetter C.verybetter D.prettybetter4.Debbieisgrowingfast.Sheiseven____________thanhermother.A.tall B.taller C.tallest D.thetallest5.—Whatdoyouthinkofthepriceofgoldintheworld?—Nowadaysitisgettingmuchthanbefore.A.low B.lower C.lowest D.thelowest6.Peoplewhoeatbreakfastarealwaysin_____spiritsthanthosewhodon’t.[XK]A.goodB.niceC.betterD.best根据比较级修饰词much,alittle等判断用比较级Shelooksmuch

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best5比较级的特别结构1.________youhitthehorse,_______itwillgo.A.hard;fastB.Thehard;thefastC.Theharder;thefaster2.—Rememberthis,children._______carefulyouare,_______mistakesyouwillmake.—Weknow,Mr.Li.A.Themore;themoreB.Thefewer;themoreC.Themore;thefewerD.Theless;theless6根据题干意义确定用比较级1.I’msurprisedthatJohnisonly25.Ithoughthewas________,forheseemstobeinhisthirties.oldB.olderC.youngD.younger2.—Howareyoutoday,Mike?—I’mnow.Idon’tthinkthismedicineisgoodforme.A.badlyB.betterC.wellD.worse三最高级①范围1..—Whoran ofallinthesportsmeeting?—Hectordid,Ithink.A.fast B.faster C.thefastestD.morefast2.Weheldaconcertinthehallyesterday,Katesangamongthesingers.A.goodB.wellC.betterD.best②固定结构1.--Whichcountryisyourfavorite,LinTao？--France,ofcourse.It’sthe_______placethatIwanttovisit.A.worstB.betterC.bestDwell2.—DoyouknowLinShuhao?—Yes.HeisoneofbasketballplayersintheNBA.A.popularB.morepopularC.themostpopular③意义1.Theteacheriswiseenoughtoexplainthemostquestionin_________way.A.simpleB.simpleC.thesimplest2.Davidis______________studentinourclass.Nobodyistallerthanhim.A.tallB.tallerC.thetallest四原级：根据某些修饰词判断用原级—WhydoesTinalookso________today?—She'swonthefirstprizeintheEnglishcontest.A.happierB.happyC.happiestD.happily综合题1.—Peteris__________thanyou,right?—Yes,butheruns___________inourclass.A.heavier,fastestB.heavy,thefastestC.heavier,fasterD.heavy,faster2.－Manyboystudentsthinkmathis______English.－Iagree.I’mweakinEnglish.[中#国*教育%&出版网@]A.muchdifficultthan B.sodifficultasC.lessdifficultthan D.moredifficultthan]3.PeterspeaksChinesewellindeed,butofcoursenot___alocalspeakerinChina.A.sofluentlyas B.morefluentthanC.asfluentas D.muchfluentlythan4.—Doyoulikethewesternfood,LiLi?—No,Ithinkthefoodofourcountryis______thatofwesterncountries. A.muchmoredeliciousthan B.lessdeliciousthan C.notasdeliciousas D.asdeliciousas5.Tedwashard-working.Hissuccessmadehimwork_____.A.harderB.hardestC.morequicklyD.mostquickly6.LiuYingisgoodatsinging.Shesings______thefamoussinger,CoCo.A.aswellas B.asgoodas C.asbetterasD.asthebestas三：频度副词选编1.—Lookatthebirdoverthere!It’ssobeautiful!—Wow!It’sararecrane(丹顶鹤).Itappearsinthisarea.A.always B.usually C.seldom D.often2.Davidwassoexcitedatthegoodnewsthathecouldsayaword.A.nearly B.hard C.ever D.hardly3.I________watchthisTVprograme.It'sveryinteresting.A.oftenB.neverC.hardlyD.seldom4.Thoughtheyarefarawayfromschool,thechildrenwholiveinmountains______gotoschoolonfoot.[来源:Zxxk.Com]A.ever B.always C.never D.hardlyever5.—Didyougotothecinematosee3DTitaniclastnight?—No,I______gotothecinema.Theticketsaretooexpensive.A.hardlyB.nearlyC.stillD.Only四疑问副词选编1.TheWorldHealthOrganizationhasgivensomeadviceon______toprotectusfrombeinginfected(感染)withH7N9.A.howB.whatC.whereD.when2.—canyoutellwhetheraforeignerisEnglishorAmerican?—Maybebythewayhespeaks.A.WhyB.WhenC.WhereD.How3..—Tony,__________________areyouinsuchahurry?—Themeetingwillstartsoon.Idon’twanttobelate.A.where B.howC.whenD.why4.—willMrs.LingotoGermany?—Toseeherdaughterthere.A.How B.WhenC.Why D.What5.—It’sveryimportantforeveryonetoexerci