英语四级仔细阅读解题步骤及方法阅读技巧课件

讲解人：吴天薛晓珍

ppt制作：张震飞杨天

找资料：肖远凡刘锦华何东梅

英语四级仔细阅读的解题和技巧方法讲解人：吴天薛晓珍

ppt制作：张震飞杨天

找资料：肖远1讲解内容解题步骤解题技巧四级真题讲解内容解题步骤2

一：解题步骤:Step1

阅读题目预测文章内容，在题目中划出定位词

预测题目目的：是指在阅读正文前，正确理解题目所表达的内容,对文章进行的预测性的主动思维。应该先读题目，后看文章，同时根据题目设想一下文章可能涉及的内容，以及所使用的词汇量的类型与范围。

一：解题步骤:Step1

阅读题目预测文章内容，在题目中3

二：阅读步骤:Step2

利用定位词词,在文章中查找答案

查读(Scanning):目的主要是为了从大量的资料中迅速查找某一项具体事实或某一项特定信息,如数字、时间、人名、地名等。在查读时,目光要自上而下、一目数行地寻视与答题内容相关的词句,与此无关的内容要很快略过（略读）。在最短的时间内掠过尽可能多的印刷材料,找到所需要的信息。

二：阅读步骤:Step2

利用定位词词,在文章中查找4

三：阅读步骤:Step3

查漏补缺

用最快的速度通读文章后，找到自己需要的信息，并在有关的句子下做出各种记忆符号后，把没有回答出来的问题，重新回锅，并检查已答出来的题目是否正确。

三：阅读步骤:Step3

查漏补缺5解题技巧仔细阅读题分为五种题型：主旨题细节题语义题推理题观点态度题。解题技巧仔细阅读题分为五种题型：6一

细节题

首先应当仔细阅读题目弄清题目的具体要求，以及所给4个选项，然后在题目或选项中确定关键词。利用关键词回文章中定位找出文章中相对应的细节性句子，与4个选项进行对照，以确定正确答案。注意：关键词的确定也有技巧，如果题目或选项中有专有名词、数字要将此定位为关键词。因为这些词有特点，在文章中很容易找到，所以很快就可以定位相应的细节，从而找到正确答案。如果题目或选项中没有明显的词，可以定位主要的名词或动词为关键词。一细节题首先应当仔细阅读题目7二主旨题确定文章有无主题句，以及主题句在文章中的位置文章的主题句通常位于首段或尾段，有时也出现在文章的中间段落。段落的主题句通常位于段首或段尾，有时也在段落的中间。如有主题句就能很容易确定文章或段落的主题。如果没有明显的主题句就带着问题细读文章的首段和尾段找出其中心，抓住每个段落的主题句，明确文章的中心思想。注意：如果文章主旨题出现在第一题，先不要做这道题，把后面的题做完后再回头做第一题，这样可以节省很多时间。二主旨题确定文章有无主题句，以及主题句在文章中的位置8三推理题对某个细节进行推断先在文中找到该细节所在的句子，在正确理解该句的基础上推断出未知的事实。根据文章推测作者的观点、目的、态度先确定文章的中心思想，再根据中心和作者所陈述的事实及细节进行推断。

推断文章中没出现的前一段或下一段的内容仔细阅读并理解了文章内容的基础上，重点分析文章的首、尾两段尤其是文章的开始句和结束句。三推理题对某个细节进行推断9四

语义题

找到该词或短语所在的句子。确定词性

确定词性以及单词、短语等在句子中所起的语法作用，明确整个句子的含义。联系上下文分析对上下文进行分析，确定上下文中是否有该词的定义、同义词、近义词或反义词，从而可以判断出正确答案。根据上下文逻辑关系联系日常生活中的有关常识，分析出合理的场景因素推断单词或短语的含义。四语义题找到该词或短语所在的句子。10五观点态度题在回答态度类问题时，对文章体裁的考查是一个非常重要的方面。一般来说，在说明文中作者的态度是客观的（objective）或中立的（neutral）;而在议论文中，作者的观点才会显得多种多样。态度题中常用的选项有：positive（积极的）、negative（消极的）、neutral（中立的）、approval（赞成的）、disapproval（不赞成的）、indifferent（漠不关心的）、sarcastic（讽刺的）、critical（批评的）、optimistic（乐观的）、pessimistic（悲观的）等。五观点态度题在回答态度类问题时，对文章体裁的考查是一个非常重11四级真题PassageOne

Someoftheworld’smostsignificantproblemsneverhitheadlines．Oneexamplecomesfromagriculture．Foodriotsandhungermakenews．Butthetrendlyingbehindthesemattersisrarelytalkedabout．Thisisthedeclineinthegrowthinyieldsofsomeoftheworld’smajorcrops．AnewstudybytheUniversityofMinnesotaandMcGillUniversityinMontreallooksatwhere．andhowfar．thisdeclineisoccurring．

Theauthorstakeavastnumberofdatapointsforthefourmostimportantcrops：rice，wheat，cornandsoyabeans(大豆)．Theyfindthatonbetween24％and39％ofallharvestedareas，theimprovementinyieldsthattookplacebeforethel980ssloweddowninthel990sand2000s．

四级真题PassageOne12Therearetwoworryingfeaturesoftheslowdown．Oneisthatithasbeenparticularlysharpintheworld’smostpopulous(人口多的)countries，IndiaandChina．Theirabilitytofeedthemselveshasbeenanimportantsourceofrelativestabilitybothwithinthecountriesandonworldfoodmarkets．

Thatself-sufficiencycannotbetakenforgrantedifyieldscontinuetoslowdownorreverse．Second，yieldgrowthhasbeenlowerinwheatandricethanincollandsoyabeans．Thisisproblematicbecausewheatandricearemoreimportantasfoods，accountingforaroundhalfofallcaloriesconsumed．Cornandsoyabeansaremoreimportantasfeedgrains．Theauthorsnotethat“wehavepreferentiallyfocusedourcropimprovementeffortsonfeedinganimalsandcarsratherthanoncropsthatfeedpeopleandarethebasisoffoodsecurityinmuchoftheworld．”Therearetwoworryingfeature13

Thereportqualifiesthemoreoptimisticfindingsofanothernewpaperwhichsuggeststhattheworldwillnothavetodigupalotmorelandforfarminginordertofeed9billionpeoplein2050，astheFoodandAgricultureOrganisationhasargued．Instead，itsays，thankstoslowingpopulationgrowth，landcurrentlyploughedupforcropsmightbeabletorevert(回返)toforestorwilderness．Thiscouldhappen．Thetroubleisthattheforecastassumescontinuedimprovementsinyieldswhichmaynotactuallyhappen61．Whatdoestheauthortrytodrawattentionto?A.Foodriotsandhungerintheworld．B.Newsheadlinesintheleadingmedia．C.Thedeclineofthegrainyieldgrowth．D.Thefoodsupplyinpopulouscountries．Thereportqualifiesthemore1462．WhydoestheauthormentionIndiaandChinainparticular?A.Theirself-sufficiencyisvitaltothestabilityofworldfoodmarkets．B.Theirfoodyieldshavebeguntodecreasesharplyinrecentyears．C.Theirbigpopulationsarecausingworldwideconcerns．D1Theirfoodself-sufficiencyhasbeentakenforgranted．63．Whatdoesthenewstudybythetwouniversitiessayaboutrecentcropimprovementefforts?A.Theyfailtoproducethesameremarkableresultsasbeforethel980s．

62．Whydoestheauthormention15B.Theycontributealottotheimprovementofhumanfoodproduction．C.Theyplayamajorroleinguaranteeingthefoodsecurityoftheworld．D.Theyfocusmoreontheincreaseofanimalfeedthanhumanfoodgrains．64．WhatdoestheFoodandAgricultureOrganisationsayaboutworldfoodproductioninthecomingdecades?A.Thegrowingpopulationwillgreatlyincreasethepressureonworldfoodsupplies．B.Theoptimisticpredictionaboutfoodproductionshouldbeviewedwithcaution．C.Theslowdownofthegrowthinyieldsofmajorfoodcropswillbe"reversed．D.Theworldwillbeabletofeeditspopulationwithoutincreasingfarmland．B.Theycontributealottothe1665．HowdoestheauthorviewtheargumentoftheFoodandAgricultureOrganisation?A.Itisbuiltonthefindingsofanewstudy．B.Itisbasedonadoubtfulassumption．C.Itisbackedbystrongevidence．D.Itisopentofurtherdiscussion．65．Howdoestheauthorviewth17PassageTwo

Theendlessdebateabout“work—lifebalance”oftencontainsahopefulfootnoteaboutstayathomedads．IfAmericansocietyandbusinesswon’tmakeiteasieronfuturefemaleleaderswhochoosetohavechildren，thereisstilltherayofhopethatincreasingnumbersoffull—timefatherswill．Butbasedontoday’ssocioeconomictrends，thishopeis，unfortunately，misguidedPassageTwo18It’struethatthenumberofmenwhohaveleftworktodotheirthingasfull—timeparentshasdoubledinadecade，butit’sstillverysmall：only0．8％ofmarriedcoupleswherethestay—at—hornefatherwasoutofthelaborforceforayear．Eventhatpercentageislikelyinflatedbymenthrustintotheircaretakerrolebyadownsizing．Thisissimplynotalargeenoughgrouptoreducethesocialstigma(污名)andforceotheradjustmentsnecessarytosupportingmeninthisdecision．evenifonlyworkmorethantheirfamily．

Evenshortertimesawayfromworkforworkingfathersarealreadydifficult．Astudyfoundthat85％ofnewfatherstakesometimeoffafterthebirthofachild—butforallbutafew．it’saweekortwoatmost．Meanwhile，theaverageforwomenwhotakeleaveismorethanloweeks．It’struethatthenumberofm19

Suchchoicesimpactwhomovesupintheorganization．Whileyou’reaway，someoneelseisdoingyourwork，makingyoursales，takingcareofyourcustomers．Thatcan’thelpyouatwork．Itcanonlyhurtyou．Women，ofcourse，facethesameissuesofreturningafteralongabsence．Butwithmanymorewomenthanmenchoosingtoleavetheworkforceentirelytoraisefamilies，returningfromanextended

parentalleavedoesn’traiseasmanyeyebrowsasitdoesformen．

Womenwouldmakemoreiftheydidn’tbreaktheirearningtrajectory(轨迹)byleavingtheworkforce，orifhigher-payingprofessionsweremorefamilyfriendly．Intheforeseeablefuture，Stayathomefathersmaymakeallthedifferenceforindividualfamilies．buttheirpresencewon’treducethenumbersofhighpotentialwomenwhoareforcedtochoosebetweenfamilyandcareer．Suchchoicesimpactwhomoves2056．Whatgiveswomenarayofhopetoachieveworklifebalance?A.Morementakinganextendedparentalleave．B.People’schangingattitudestowardsfamily．C.Morewomenenteringbusinessmanagement．D.Theimprovementoftheirsocioeconomicstatus．57．Whydoestheauthorsaythehopeformorefull—timefathersismisguided?A.Womenarebetterattakingcareofchildren．B.Manymenvalueworkmorethantheirfamily．C.Theirnumberistoosmalltomakeadifference．D.Notmanymenhavethechancetostayathome．56．Whatgiveswomenarayofh2158．Whydofewmentakealongparentalleave?A.Alongleavewillhaveanegativeimpactontheircareer．B.Theyjusthavetoomanyresponsibilitiestofulfillatwork．C.Theeconomiclosswillbetoomuchfortheirfamilytobear．D.Theyarelikelytogetfiredifabsentfromworkfortoolon9．59．Whatisthemostlikelyreactiontomenreturningfromanextendedparentalleave?A.Jealousy．B.SurpriseC.AdmirationD.Sympathy．58．Whydofewmentakealong2260．Whatdoestheauthorsayabouthigh-potentialwomeninthenot—too-distantfuture?A.Theywillbenefitfromthetrendofmorefathersstayingathome．B.Theywillfindhigh—payingprofessionsabitmorefamily—friendly．C.Theyareunlikelytobreaktheircareertrajectorytoraiseafamily．D.Theywillstillfacethedifficultchoicebetweencareerandchildren．60．Whatdoestheauthorsayab23

ThankYouThankYou讲解人：吴天薛晓珍

ppt制作：张震飞杨天

找资料：肖远凡刘锦华何东梅

英语四级仔细阅读的解题和技巧方法讲解人：吴天薛晓珍

ppt制作：张震飞杨天

找资料：肖远25讲解内容解题步骤解题技巧四级真题讲解内容解题步骤26

一：解题步骤:Step1

阅读题目预测文章内容，在题目中划出定位词

预测题目目的：是指在阅读正文前，正确理解题目所表达的内容,对文章进行的预测性的主动思维。应该先读题目，后看文章，同时根据题目设想一下文章可能涉及的内容，以及所使用的词汇量的类型与范围。

一：解题步骤:Step1

阅读题目预测文章内容，在题目中27

二：阅读步骤:Step2

利用定位词词,在文章中查找答案

查读(Scanning):目的主要是为了从大量的资料中迅速查找某一项具体事实或某一项特定信息,如数字、时间、人名、地名等。在查读时,目光要自上而下、一目数行地寻视与答题内容相关的词句,与此无关的内容要很快略过（略读）。在最短的时间内掠过尽可能多的印刷材料,找到所需要的信息。

二：阅读步骤:Step2

利用定位词词,在文章中查找28

三：阅读步骤:Step3

查漏补缺

用最快的速度通读文章后，找到自己需要的信息，并在有关的句子下做出各种记忆符号后，把没有回答出来的问题，重新回锅，并检查已答出来的题目是否正确。

三：阅读步骤:Step3

查漏补缺29解题技巧仔细阅读题分为五种题型：主旨题细节题语义题推理题观点态度题。解题技巧仔细阅读题分为五种题型：30一

细节题

首先应当仔细阅读题目弄清题目的具体要求，以及所给4个选项，然后在题目或选项中确定关键词。利用关键词回文章中定位找出文章中相对应的细节性句子，与4个选项进行对照，以确定正确答案。注意：关键词的确定也有技巧，如果题目或选项中有专有名词、数字要将此定位为关键词。因为这些词有特点，在文章中很容易找到，所以很快就可以定位相应的细节，从而找到正确答案。如果题目或选项中没有明显的词，可以定位主要的名词或动词为关键词。一细节题首先应当仔细阅读题目31二主旨题确定文章有无主题句，以及主题句在文章中的位置文章的主题句通常位于首段或尾段，有时也出现在文章的中间段落。段落的主题句通常位于段首或段尾，有时也在段落的中间。如有主题句就能很容易确定文章或段落的主题。如果没有明显的主题句就带着问题细读文章的首段和尾段找出其中心，抓住每个段落的主题句，明确文章的中心思想。注意：如果文章主旨题出现在第一题，先不要做这道题，把后面的题做完后再回头做第一题，这样可以节省很多时间。二主旨题确定文章有无主题句，以及主题句在文章中的位置32三推理题对某个细节进行推断先在文中找到该细节所在的句子，在正确理解该句的基础上推断出未知的事实。根据文章推测作者的观点、目的、态度先确定文章的中心思想，再根据中心和作者所陈述的事实及细节进行推断。

推断文章中没出现的前一段或下一段的内容仔细阅读并理解了文章内容的基础上，重点分析文章的首、尾两段尤其是文章的开始句和结束句。三推理题对某个细节进行推断33四

语义题

找到该词或短语所在的句子。确定词性

确定词性以及单词、短语等在句子中所起的语法作用，明确整个句子的含义。联系上下文分析对上下文进行分析，确定上下文中是否有该词的定义、同义词、近义词或反义词，从而可以判断出正确答案。根据上下文逻辑关系联系日常生活中的有关常识，分析出合理的场景因素推断单词或短语的含义。四语义题找到该词或短语所在的句子。34五观点态度题在回答态度类问题时，对文章体裁的考查是一个非常重要的方面。一般来说，在说明文中作者的态度是客观的（objective）或中立的（neutral）;而在议论文中，作者的观点才会显得多种多样。态度题中常用的选项有：positive（积极的）、negative（消极的）、neutral（中立的）、approval（赞成的）、disapproval（不赞成的）、indifferent（漠不关心的）、sarcastic（讽刺的）、critical（批评的）、optimistic（乐观的）、pessimistic（悲观的）等。五观点态度题在回答态度类问题时，对文章体裁的考查是一个非常重35四级真题PassageOne

Someoftheworld’smostsignificantproblemsneverhitheadlines．Oneexamplecomesfromagriculture．Foodriotsandhungermakenews．Butthetrendlyingbehindthesemattersisrarelytalkedabout．Thisisthedeclineinthegrowthinyieldsofsomeoftheworld’smajorcrops．AnewstudybytheUniversityofMinnesotaandMcGillUniversityinMontreallooksatwhere．andhowfar．thisdeclineisoccurring．

Theauthorstakeavastnumberofdatapointsforthefourmostimportantcrops：rice，wheat，cornandsoyabeans(大豆)．Theyfindthatonbetween24％and39％ofallharvestedareas，theimprovementinyieldsthattookplacebeforethel980ssloweddowninthel990sand2000s．

四级真题PassageOne36Therearetwoworryingfeaturesoftheslowdown．Oneisthatithasbeenparticularlysharpintheworld’smostpopulous(人口多的)countries，IndiaandChina．Theirabilitytofeedthemselveshasbeenanimportantsourceofrelativestabilitybothwithinthecountriesandonworldfoodmarkets．

Thatself-sufficiencycannotbetakenforgrantedifyieldscontinuetoslowdownorreverse．Second，yieldgrowthhasbeenlowerinwheatandricethanincollandsoyabeans．Thisisproblematicbecausewheatandricearemoreimportantasfoods，accountingforaroundhalfofallcaloriesconsumed．Cornandsoyabeansaremoreimportantasfeedgrains．Theauthorsnotethat“wehavepreferentiallyfocusedourcropimprovementeffortsonfeedinganimalsandcarsratherthanoncropsthatfeedpeopleandarethebasisoffoodsecurityinmuchoftheworld．”Therearetwoworryingfeature37

Thereportqualifiesthemoreoptimisticfindingsofanothernewpaperwhichsuggeststhattheworldwillnothavetodigupalotmorelandforfarminginordertofeed9billionpeoplein2050，astheFoodandAgricultureOrganisationhasargued．Instead，itsays，thankstoslowingpopulationgrowth，landcurrentlyploughedupforcropsmightbeabletorevert(回返)toforestorwilderness．Thiscouldhappen．Thetroubleisthattheforecastassumescontinuedimprovementsinyieldswhichmaynotactuallyhappen61．Whatdoestheauthortrytodrawattentionto?A.Foodriotsandhungerintheworld．B.Newsheadlinesintheleadingmedia．C.Thedeclineofthegrainyieldgrowth．D.Thefoodsupplyinpopulouscountries．Thereportqualifiesthemore3862．WhydoestheauthormentionIndiaandChinainparticular?A.Theirself-sufficiencyisvitaltothestabilityofworldfoodmarkets．B.Theirfoodyieldshavebeguntodecreasesharplyinrecentyears．C.Theirbigpopulationsarecausingworldwideconcerns．D1Theirfoodself-sufficiencyhasbeentakenforgranted．63．Whatdoesthenewstudybythetwouniversitiessayaboutrecentcropimprovementefforts?A.Theyfailtoproducethesameremarkableresultsasbeforethel980s．

62．Whydoestheauthormention39B.Theycontributealottotheimprovementofhumanfoodproduction．C.Theyplayamajorroleinguaranteeingthefoodsecurityoftheworld．D.Theyfocusmoreontheincreaseofanimalfeedthanhumanfoodgrains．64．WhatdoestheFoodandAgricultureOrganisationsayaboutworldfoodproductioninthecomingdecades?A.Thegrowingpopulationwillgreatlyincreasethepressureonworldfoodsupplies．B.Theoptimisticpredictionaboutfoodproductionshouldbeviewedwithcaution．C.Theslowdownofthegrowthinyieldsofmajorfoodcropswillbe"reversed．D.Theworldwillbeabletofeeditspopulationwithoutincreasingfarmland．B.Theycontributealottothe4065．HowdoestheauthorviewtheargumentoftheFoodandAgricultureOrganisation?A.Itisbuiltonthefindingsofanewstudy．B.Itisbasedonadoubtfulassumption．C.Itisbackedbystrongevidence．D.Itisopentofurtherdiscussion．65．Howdoestheauthorviewth41PassageTwo

Theendlessdebateabout“work—lifebalance”oftencontainsahopefulfootnoteaboutstayathomedads．IfAmericansocietyandbusinesswon’tmakeiteasieronfuturefemaleleaderswhochoosetohavechildren，thereisstilltherayofhopethatincreasingnumbersoffull—timefatherswill．Butbasedontoday’ssocioeconomictrends，thishopeis，unfortunately，misguidedPassageTwo42It’struethatthenumberofmenwhohaveleftworktodotheirthingasfull—timeparentshasdoubledinadecade，butit’sstillverysmall：only0．8％ofmarriedcoupleswherethestay—at—hornefatherwasoutofthelaborforceforayear．Eventhatpercentageislikelyinflatedbymenthrustintotheircaretakerrolebyadownsizing．Thisissimplynotalargeenoughgrouptoreducethesocialstigma(污名)andforceotheradjustmentsnecessarytosupportingmeninthisdecision．evenifonlyworkmorethantheirfamily．

Evenshortertimesawayfromworkforworkingfathersarealreadydifficult．Astudyfoundthat85％ofnewfatherstakesometimeoffafterthebirthofachild—butforallbutafew．it’saweekortwoatmost．Meanwhile，theaverageforwomenwhotakeleaveismorethanloweeks．It’struethatthenumberofm43

Suchchoicesimpactwhomovesupintheorganization．Whileyou’reaway，someoneelseisdoingyourwork，makingyoursales，takingcareofyourcustomers．Thatcan’thelpyouatwork．Itcanonlyhurtyou．Women，ofcourse，facethesameissuesofreturningafteralongabsence．Butwithmanymorewomenthanmenchoosingtoleavetheworkforceentirelytoraisefamilies，returningfromanextended

parentalleavedoesn’traiseasmanyeyebrowsasitdoesf