备考中考英语-时态的定义 结构 练习

备考中考英语-时态的定义+结构+练习动词时态-解析动词的时态分类谓语形式用法一般现在时1.动词原形2.主语是单数第三人称，谓语加-s,-es1.表示经常性或习惯性发生的动作或状态。2.描述客观真理、客观存在或科学事实等。3.在时间、条件状语从句中，用一般现在时表将来。---重点考点-主将从现一般过去时动词的过去式1.表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态。2.表示过去经常发生的动作或存在的状态。3.用于虚拟语气中，表示与现在事实相反的情况。一般将来时1.will/shall+动词原形2.begoingto+动词原形1.begoingto和will表示将来发生的动作或存在的状态。主语一般是人。2.begoingto表示根据主观判断将来肯定要发生的事情，will表示客观上将来势必发生的事情。主语可以是人也可以是物。3.在含有时间、条件状语从句的复合句中，主句是一般将来时，从句用一般现在时来代替将来时。4.一些表示位移的动词，如go,come,leave,arrive,fly,start,move等，常用现在进行时表将来。现在进行时am/is/are+动词的现在分词1.表示说话时或目前正在进行的动作。2.与always,usually等词连用，表示赞扬、厌恶或不满的情绪。过去进行时was/were+动词的现在分词表示过去某个时刻或某段时间正在进行的动作。-常考句型—was,weredoing…when….+过去时现在完成时时间状语：RecentlyAlreadyYetsofarFor+时间段Inthepast...Overthepasthave/has+动词的过去分词1.表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响和结果。2.表示动作从过去开始一直持续到现在，并有可能继续下去，常与“for+时间段”或“since＋表示过去的时间点或时间段”连用。注意：1.现在完成时和一般过去时都可表示过去发生的动作，但现在完成时表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响和结果或表示动作从过去开始一直持续到现在，强调的是现在的情况；而一般过去时只表示动作发生在过去，不和现在发生关系。2.终止性动词在现在完成时中不能和表示一段时间的时间状语连用，但在否定句中可以和一段时间连用。过去完成时had+动词的过去分词1.表示在过去某一时间或某一动作以前发生或完成的动作，它所表示的动作发生的时间是“过去的过去”。2.表示从过去某一时间开始并持续到过去另一时间的动作或状态。特例清单1.在时间、条件和让步状语从句中，如果主句谓语动词是一般将来时，从句用一般现在时。如：We’llhaveapicnicifitisfinenextSunday.如果下个星期日天气晴朗，我们将去野餐。I’llcallyouassoonasIgettoBeijingtomorrow.我明天一到北京就给你打电话。2.某些表示起始、往返、出发、到达之意的动词，可用一般现在时表示按规定、计划或安排将要发生的动作(此时一般都有一个表示未来时间的状语)。这类动词有：begin,come,go,leave,start,arrive,end,stop,open,close等。如：Themeetingbeginsat2:00p.m.tomorrow.这个会议明天下午2点开始。Thenexttrainleavesat7o’clockthisevening.下一列火车将在今晚7点离开。3.现在进行时与always,continually,forever等副词连用，表示反复出现或习惯性的动作，这种用法往往表达说话人的某种感情，如赞扬、遗憾、讨厌或不满等。如：Therichwomanisalwayslaughingatthepoor.这个有钱的夫人总是嘲笑穷人。4.现在完成时中表示短暂动作的动词不能与for,since等引导的时间状语连用。如与一段时间连用，要把短暂性动词转化为意思相近的延续性动词。常见的变化有：短暂性性动词(对应的)延续性动词buyhaveborrowkeepopenbeopenclosebeclosedbegin/startbeoncomebeheregobetherefinishbeoverdiebedeadcatchacoldhaveacoldputonweargetupbeupwakeupawakefallasleepbeasleeplosenothavejoinbeinleavebeawayarrive/reachbe课堂练习Mydictionary________,Ihavelookedforiteverywherebutstill________it.A.haslost;don’tfind B.ismissing;don’tfindC.haslost;haven’tfound D.ismissing;haven’tfoundWewereallsurprisedwhenhemadeitclearthathe________officesoon.A.leaves B.wouldleave C.left D.hadleft—Wecouldhavewalkedtothestation;itwassonear.—Yes,ataxi________atallnecessary.A.wasn’t B.hadn’tbeen C.wouldn’tbe D.won’tbeIfcitynoises________fromincreasing,people________shouttobeheardevenatthedinnertable20yearsfromnow.A.arenotkept;willhaveto B.arenotkept;haveto C.donotkeep;willhaveto D.donotkeep;havetoTom________intothehousewhennoone________.A.slipped;waslooking B.hadslipped;looked C.slipped;hadlooked D.wasslipping;lookedThestudents________busilywhenMissBrownwenttogetabookshe________intheoffice.A.hadwritten;left B.werewriting;hasleftC.hadwritten;hadleft D.werewriting;hadleftWeareproudoftheachievementswe________sinceliberation.A.made B.havemade C.make D.willmakeHesayshe________thebookseveraltimesinthepastfewyears.A.hasread B.hadread C.read D.readsTheeggmustbebad.It________offaterriblesmell.A.wasgiving B.gave C.isgiving D.isgivenThetelephone________fortwominutesbeforeitwasanswered.A.hasrung B.hasbeenringing C.hadbeenringing D.ringsI________toBeijingonlyoncebefore.A.went B.havegone C.havebeen D.was—Whenareyougoingtomeethim?—AssoonasI________mydinner.A.willfinish B.finish C.amgoingtofinish D.finishesBytheendoflastweekwe________thetaskaheadoftime.A.completed B.havecompleted C.wascompleting D.hadcompletedThistimetomorrowI________toShanghai.A.willfly B.wouldfly C.amgoingtofly D.willbeflyingIcan’tgoswimmingbecauseI________myleg.A.broke B.hadbroken C.havebroken D.havebeenbrokenI’msorrybutI________thatyou________adiary.A.don’tnotice;arewriting B.don’tnotice;havewriting C.didn’tnotice;wrote D.didn’tnotice;werewritingIdidn’tknowyou________yourraincoatherewhenyou________toseemetheotherday.A.hadleft;hadcome B.hadleft;came C.left;came D.left;werecoming________becarefulwhen________yourhomework.A.Do;doing B.Do;do C.To;doing D.To;do—Areyougoingtothemeeting?—No,themeeting________untilnextMonday.A.willbeputoff B.hasbeenputoff C.willputoff D.hasputoffHeinsistedthathe________ingoodhealth.A.was B.be C.is D.wasbeingIfthedoctor________anhourearlier,theboywouldhavebeensaved.A.came B.couldcome C.shouldcome D.hadcome—Whatdoyouthink________toher?—Shemusthavelosttheticket.A.happened B.hadhappened C.willhappen D.happensDon’tbeangry,________you?A.will B.won’t C.do D.don’tIdon’tknowwhereheis.Imightknownowwherehe________hadIarrivedherealittleearlier.A.was B.is C.shouldbe D.mustbeHewrotetome________thathe________toseemeinJuly.A.said;wouldcome B.said;willcome C.saying;wouldcome D.saying;willcomeI’llwritetoyouassoonasI________.A.arrive B.willarrive C.amgoingtoarrive D.amarrivingNosooner________down________thedoorbellrang.A.hadIsat;when B.didIsat;than C.Ihadsat;before D.hadIsat;than________thisStreetandyou________there.A.Followed;willget B.Following;get C.Follow;willget D.Follow;getIfshedoesn’tvisitthedoctor,________.A.neitherwillhe B.neitherwon’the C.nordoeshe D.nordoesn’theNoone________outthecauseofthetroubleinthemachinesuntilyesterday.A.hasfound B.wasfinding C.hadfound D.wouldfindIwon’tbelieveyouuntilI________yousingthesongwithmyowneyes.A.heard B.willhear C.haveheard D.hadheardI________acoldforseveraldays.canyouhelpmegetridofit?A.have B.havehad C.hadhad D.amhavingHe________.Thepaintingwillbefinishedsoon.A.haspainted B.painted C.waspainting D.hasbeenpaintingShesaidthathe________toChengdu.A.hasneverbeen B.hadneverbeen C.willgo D.wouldsendLook!Theboyyou________intheparktheotherday________towardsus.A.met;isrunning B.hadworked C.meet;willrun D.hasmet;runsYoumustbeverytired;you________forquitealongtime.A.worked B.hadworked C.hasworked D.areworking—Havetheystartedbuildingahouseforyou?—Yes,it________now.A.isbuilding B.hasbuild C.hasstarted D.isbeingbuiltMayfifthismybirthday.I________asmallparty.A.willplan B.amtoplan C.planned D.amplanningTom________thatmostoftheguests________whenhearrivedattheparty.A.disappointed;hadleft B.hadbeendisappointed;left C.wasdisappointed;hadleft D.haddisappointed;leftHemusthavewashedtheshirt,________he?A.didn’t B.haven’t C.mustn’t D.canIdon’tknowwhenhe________,butwhenhe________Ishallletyouknow.A.comes;willcome B.willcome;comes C.comes;comes D.willcome;cameI________totheseasideuntilIwenttoHainan.A.wouldnevergo B.haveneverbeen C.didnevergo D.hadneverbeenYou’dbesorryifyou________anaccidentonthejourney.A.have B.had C.hadhad D.wouldhaveCanyouseethesignoverthere,which________:“Keepoffthegrass”A.reads B.isread C.reading D.hasreadWhenI________downthestreettheotherday,Ihappenedtonoticealeatherwalletlyingontheground.A.walking B.waswalking C.walked D.wastowalkAtthistimetomorrowGrandpa________atthetablewithus.A.sit B.sits C.issitting D.willbesittingWhathappenedwhenthey________TV？A.watched B.willwatch C.arewatching D.werewatchingLookOut!________thedog.A.Outrushes B.Outrushed C.Outisrushing D.RushedoutIwanttotryonthecoatyouboughtyesterday,where________?A.wasit B.isit C.hasitbeen D.didyouputHeisnowinAmerica.It________3yearssincehe________Wuhan.A.is;left B.is;hasbeenawayfrom C.was;hadleft D.hasbeen;hasleft________whenitbegantorain.A.Hardlydidhearrive B.Hardlyhehadarrived C.Hardlyhearrived D.Hardlyhadhearrived________asifhehadbeenillforalongtime.A.Heseemed B.Helooked C.Itlooked D.ItseemsHe________togointohospitalifhisi