高考英语复习指导：让名词“动”起来

高考英语复习指导：让名词“动”起来有些名词如book，table，hand，flag，water大家最为熟悉不过，但nativespeaker经常把它们当作动词用。笔者根据自己在教学和阅读中所碰到的情况，列举一组名词用作动词的突出现象，以供参考。bridgen.桥梁；桥牌/v.连接，沟通（toconnect）Parentsaretryingtobridgethegenerationgapwiththeirchildren.父母都在设法弥合儿女的代沟。Thesetaxreformsattempttobridgethegapbetweentherichandthepoor.这些税收改革旨在弥合贫富之间的差距。bookn.书本/v.预订座位、票、旅馆房间等，警方登记为指控之用Mr.Chenhasbookedaroomatahotel.Thepolicebookedhimfordrunkendriving.YesterdayhebookedaflighttoJapan.capn.便帽/v.約束或制止Thenewlawhascappedthecrabbingseasoninourarea.新法律限制了该地区铺螃的时节。clubn.俱乐部，高尔夫球棒/v.用棍棒打Thepoliceclubbedapaththroughthecrowd.Theboyclubbedthebirdsnestwithalongstick.chairn.椅子/v.担任主席Shewillchairthemathsdepartmentnextterm.下学期她将担任数学系主任。cornern.角落、角壁/v.将某人逼入困境或令人无地自容Hehasbeencorneredbyhisbestfriend.Finallytheescapedcriminalwascornered.那名逃犯最终走投无路了。dogn.狗/v.尾随某人，困扰某人或某事Hewasdoggedwhereverhewent.Heisdoggedbyill-health.doctorn.医生/v.窜改，对……做手脚Theywerechargedwithdoctoringtheelectionresults.Hetriedtodoctorthenumberbeforetaxtime.duckn.鸭子/v.逃避，躲避，回避Themanduckedbehindthecrowdassoonashehadspoken.那人话一讲完就躲到人群后面去了。distancen.距离/v.冷淡，疏远Itisdifficultforhimtodistancehimselffromher.flagn.旗帜/v.打旗号或做手势来传递信息Whenmycarbrokedown，Iflaggedapolicecar.Thebeachlife-guardsusuallyflagoneanotherforcommunication.floorn.地板/v.加油门，加速开车，使人惊讶AssoonasIsawhisgun，Iflooredmycar.Thenewsreallyflooredme，Ihadnotbeenexpectingitatall.fathern.父亲/v.为人之父Hopefully，Mr.Chenisgoingtofatherachildsoon.housen.房屋/v.提供住所Iwouldbegladtohouseyoufortheweekend.priden.荣誉/v.感到得意或自豪Ihavelongpridedmyselfonbeingagoodcook.radion.收音机/v.广播，发报Attheairport，aladyradioedforamissingchild.在机场，一位女士正在广播寻找一个失踪的孩子。soldiern.士兵/v.不畏困难，坚持下去TheMarineCorpsusuallyhavetosoldieronunderthehardestconditions.tablen.桌子/v.搁置Wearetablingthismatteruntilfurthernotice.topn.顶端/v.做得更好，高过某人endprintIfhehadtriedharder，hecouldhavetoppedhisclass.归纳起来，不外乎以下几类名词常可以转化为动词。1.表示人体部位名称的名词“动”起来。表示人体部位的名词mouth，nose，hand，finger，arm，elbow，shoulder，breast，thumb，stomach，leg，heel，foot等都可以用作动词。如：Billsuddenlyheadedtheballintothegoal.比尔突然用头将球顶入球门。Hersweetheartlippedherandthenwenttothedancealone.她的恋人吻了她，然后自己进舞场去了。2.表示动物名称的名词“动”起来。如：Jasperfoxedtheinvigilatorinthemathematicsexamination.贾思柏在数学考试中舞弊。Heisthechiefsuspectedcriminaldoggedbythepolice.他是被警察局追踪的重大嫌疑犯。3.表示植物名称的名词“动”起来。如：有些植物名词如tree，grass，flower等都可转用为动词。例如：Thedogtreedthecat.狗赶猫上树。Thehutwasgrassedaround.4.表示天气，时间名称的名词“动”起来。如：Theskycloudedover.WesummeredinGuilinlastyear.TheyaregoingtohoneymooninSuzhou.Theyonlyhopeofvictorywastostormtheenemycampatnight.他们唯一的胜利希望寄托在夜晚向敌营的猛攻。5.表示武器、工具等名称的名词“动”起来。如：Thescientistrocketedthesatelliteintoorbit.科学家们用火箭将卫星推进轨道。Thekidsweresobravelythattheystonedacobratodeath.Thecountyorderedhismentohammerdowntheannouncementsontrees.6.表示电器，乐器名称的名词“动”起来。如：ShetelephonedthatshecouldnotcometotheEnglishEvening.7.表示方位，空间名称的名词“动”起来。如：Thedeputiesproposedtopositionthefactorynearaturnpike.英语名词转化作动词用，远不只以上几个方面所述，