世纪商务英语阅读教程基础1(第六版)-课件1

世纪商务英语阅读教程基础1(第六版)-课件1Inthisunit,youwill

•readaboutthecharacteristicsofwesterncultures;

•learnhowtodesignaninvitationletter;

•practicehowtoguessthemeaningoftheunknownwordsthroughInference/GeneralKnowledgeCluesandContrast/AntonymClues;

•berequiredtofinish9taskssoastoachievetheobjectives.Unit1Unit1WesternCulturesInthisunit,youwillUnit1UnUnit1Part1TopicIntroductionPart2ReadingSkillFocusPart3PracticalReadingPart4ComprehensiveReadingUnit1Part1Part2Part3Part4

Moreandmorepeopleareworkinginmulticulturalenvironmentsnowadays.Theunderstandingofothercoworkers’culturesisbecomingincreasinglyimportant.ThecontentsinthisunitgiveyouageneralpictureofAmericancultureandBritishculture,whichwillhelpyouhaveabetterunderstandingofwesterncultures.Moreandmorepeoplearewor

Inthisunit，youmaymeetsomeparticulartermscommonlyusedinexplainingculturesandlifestyles.Checkthefollowingwords&expressionsandseewhetheryouknowtheirmeanings.Useadictionarytohelpyouifnecessary.Task1：Lead-inExerciseWords&ExpressionsMeaningscustomsymbolismstereotypebowlerhatassimilatemannerpersonalspaceslangpubdemeanorn.习惯，风俗n.象征意义n.模式化概念n.圆顶高帽，礼帽v.使同化，吸收n.礼貌，举止个人空间n.俚语n.酒吧，酒馆n.行为，风度，举止Inthisunit，youmaymeetso

Successfulreadersuseavarietyofmethodstodealwithawordtheydonotknow.Theymaystudytheformationorpartsoftheword,ortheymaymakeuseofitsdefinition,synonymorantonymprovidedbytheauthortoworkoutthemeaning.Determiningthemeaningthroughthecontextisthemosteffectivemethodforhandlinganunknownword.Thatis,thereadersexaminethesentenceinwhichthewordappears,oreventhesentencebeforeandaftertheword.Whenthesurroundingtextcontainsahintorsuggestiontohelpdeterminethemeaningoftheunknownword,werefertothishintorsuggestionasacontextclue.Therearecommonlysixtypesofcontextclues:

1.Inference/GeneralKnowledge（推论/常识）

2.Contrast/AntonymClues（对比/反义）

3.Restatement/SynonymClues（重述/同义）

4.ExampleClues（示例）

5.CauseandEffectRelationship（因果关系）

6.DefinitionClues（定义）ContextClues(1)Successfulreadersuseavar

WewilldiscussthesixtypesofcontextcluesfromUnit1toUnit4.Inthisunit,wewillbeginwithInference/GeneralKnowledgeCluesandContrast/AntonymClues.Inference/GeneralKnowledgeClues

Sometimesawordorphraseisnotimmediatelymadeclearwithinthesamesentence.Relationships,whicharenotdirectlyapparent,areimplied.Thereadermustlookforclueswithin,before,andafterthesentenceinwhichthewordisused.Contrast/AntonymClues

Insomesentences,wewillfindtwowordswithoppositemeanings.Ifweknowthemeaningofoneword,wewillbeabletoguessthemeaningoftheotherword.Thecluewordscommonlyusedinthesentencesare:Wewilldiscussthesixtype世纪商务英语阅读教程基础1(第六版)-课件1GuidedExampleGuidedExampleGuidedExampleGuidedExampleGuidedExampleGuidedExample

Ican’tbelieveit!Rightinthemiddleofourconversation,Peterturnedaroundabruptlyandwalkedoutoftheroom!abruptly:___________________________________________________________________Clue:

______________________________________________________________________TrytofigureouttheChinesemeaningsoftheunderlinedwordsinthefollowingsentencesorparagraphsandidentifywhatthecluesare.Task2：Let’sTryPractice1突然地，唐突地首先，第一句话表明说话人对于后面发生的事情感到非常惊讶。从第二句话中，我们得知：“当我们正在谈话时，彼得很唐突地（abruptly）转身离开了房间”，这就是说话人为什么感到吃惊的原因。因此abruptly的意思是“突然地，唐突地”。Ican’tbelieveit!Rightin

Duringofficehourshelookedverytenseandanxious,butontheweekendshewasveryrelaxed.tense:___________________________________________________________________Clue:

______________________________________________________________________Practice2紧张的“but”这个线索词表明“tense”与“relaxed”的词义形成对比，由此可以猜出“tense”这个词含有“紧张”的意思。Duringofficehourshelooke

Unlikethewell-manneredJohn,Jimwasratheruncouth.uncouth:___________________________________________________________________Clue:

______________________________________________________________________Practice3粗鲁的“unlike”这个线索词表明在原句中John和Jim在行为举止方面是截然相反的，John彬彬有礼（well-mannered），由此可以推测出uncouth的意思是“粗鲁的”。Unlikethewell-manneredJoh

Likemostcountriesandsocieties,Britainhasarichandvariedculture,whichisformedbytheUK’shistoryasadevelopedislandcountry,amajorpower,anditscompositionoffourparts—England,Scotland,Wales,andNorthernIreland.Eachofthefourpartshasdistinctcustoms,culturesandsymbolism.ThefollowingtipswillhelpanewcomertoadapttoBposition:________________________________________________________________Clue:_______________________________________________________________________distinct:____________________________________________________________________Clue:_______________________________________________________________________Practice4组合itscompositionoffourparts后面的破折号起到了解释说明的作用，后面列举了英格兰、苏格兰、威尔士和北爱尔兰，说明此处想说英国是由这四个部分组成的，因此可以推断composition的意思是“组合”的意思。不同的，独特的主语each说明该句想表达的是组成英国的四个部分中的每一个都是有自己特点的，因此可以推断distinct的意思是“不同的，独特的”。Likemostcountriesandsoci

Forgetthestereotypes.WhenpeoplethinkofBritain,theyoftenthinkoftheroyalfamily,peopledrinkingteaintheafternoon,eatingfishandchipsandwearingbowlerhats.However,manyofthelongestablishedstereotypessimplyarenotrelevantinBritaintoday.Don’tassumethateveryonedrinksteaintheafternoon,andyouwon’tseeanyonewearingbowlerhatsonstreets.Givinguppreconceivedideasofpeopleandculturewillallowyoutobemoreopenminded

andreadilyabletoassimilatethecultureyoufindyourselfin.relevant:___________________________________________________________________Clue:______________________________________________________________________preconceived:_______________________________________________________________Clue:_______________________________________________________________________Practice5相关的句首的however表示此句想表达与上一句相反的意思。也就是说那些老套的模式化观念是不对的，relevant前面有not，因此推测relevant的意思是“相关的”。预先的，预想的前文提到，不要认为英国人都喝下午茶，而且你也不会在街上看到戴高帽子的人。这些都是人们对英国人的一贯印象，而此句的意思接着说要“放弃……想法”，这个想法指的就是人们对英国人的刻板的印象，因此可推断preconceived意思是“预想的”。Forgetthestereotypes.When

Mindyourmanners.GoodmannersareimportantinBritishculture,andyoudon’twanttocomeacrossasrude.“Please,”“thankyou”and“excuseme”areallexpectedexpressions.Alwaysapologizeforbumpingintosomeone,evenifitwastheirfault.Respectpeople’spersonalspaceandalwayswaitinline.rude:______________________________________________________________________Clue:______________________________________________________________________fault:______________________________________________________________________Clue:_______________________________________________________________________Practice6粗鲁的前半句提示，好的礼貌是很重要的，因此后半句中说的你不想给人留下的印象，应该与好的礼貌是相反意思的，因此推断rude是“粗鲁的”。错误evenif表示让步，也就是说“撞到人一定要道歉，即使这是他们的错”。因此推断fault的意思是“错误”。Mindyourmanners.Goodmann

Acceptthejokes.OneofthemostconfusingaspectsofBritishcultureishumor.Bantering,ribbing,or“takingthemickey”areallwaystodescribemakingfunofsomeonebutthisisn’tnecessarilyabadthing,sinceteasingsomeoneisacommonwaytoshowaffection.AsoneBritonputit,“younevermakefunofsomeoneyoudon’tlike.”banter:____________________________________________________________________Clue:______________________________________________________________________affection:___________________________________________________________________Clue:_______________________________________________________________________Practice7开玩笑后半句就是对前面三个词bantering,ribbing和takingthemickey的解释，即开玩笑。因此推断banter的意思是“开玩笑”。喜欢跟某人开玩笑是为了表示affection,而下一句继续说，你不会跟不喜欢的人开玩笑，因此推断affection和“不喜欢”意思相反，即“喜欢”。Acceptthejokes.OneofthePractice8

KnowtheslangusedinBritishculture.Thebathroomisalooandanelevatorisalift.Ifyou’reatapubandyouwantpotatochips,don’taskforchipsoryouwillgetFrenchfries.Instead,askforcrisps.

crisps:_______________________________________________________________

Clue:________________________________________________________________炸薯片根据句意，crisps和potatochips是一个意思，即“炸薯片”。Practice8Knowtheslanguse

Americansdonotgenerallystandveryclosetoeachotherwhenconversing,keepingaboutarm’slengthapart.However,theymayspontaneouslytouchoneanotheronthearmorshoulderduringconversation.Itiscommonforcouplestoholdhandsorshowaffectioninpublic.Whensitting,bothmenandwomenareoftencasualwhencircumstancesallow,andtheymayproptheirfeetuponchairsorplacetheankleofonelegonthekneeoftheother.Inmoreformalsettings,however,itisoftenconsideredinappropriatetoslouchorbetoocasualindemeanor.

inappropriate:________________________________________________________

Clue:________________________________________________________________Practice9不适合的句中的however表示转折，因此同样的行为在正式场合下就是不合适的，因此推断inappropriate的意思是“不合适的”。AmericansdonotgenerallysInvitationLetters

Aletterofinvitation,orinvitationletter,isakeybusinessletterthatistypicallyusedtoinviteclientsorcustomerstospecialevents.Invitationlettersneedtobeshort,persuasive,andinformative.

Thefollowingisanexampleofaninvitationletter.

Readthefollowingintroductiontoinvitationlettersandtheexample,andthencompletethestatementsbelow.Task3：KnowingaboutInvitationLetters

Inthispart,youwillreadaninvitationletterinvitingpeopletoattendalectureaboutChinesetraditionalculture,whichmayshowyouthebasiccomponentsofaninvitationletter.InvitationLettersReadthef世纪商务英语阅读教程基础1(第六版)-课件1世纪商务英语阅读教程基础1(第六版)-课件11.Thelecturesareintendedtointroduce____________________________.2.Thelecturesareheldby_______________________________________.3.ThelectureheldonAugust18thisabout______________________________.4.Participantsneedtoconfirmattendanceby_________________

andhandingitinat_______________________________.5.Theplaceforthelecturesis__________________________________________.ChinesetraditionalcultureBeijingInternationalMediaCenterChineseTraditionalMusicfillingoutaformCultureEventsInformationDeskPressConferenceHall2(Level2,BlockB,BIMC)1.Thelecturesareintendedt

Readeachofthetargetwordsbelow.Thinkabouthowwellyouknowitandcheck(√)theappropriatecolumn.Task4：PreviewingVocabulary

Inthispart,youwillreadalongerandmorecompletearticleandpracticeyourcomprehensivereadingskills.BeforeYouReadTargetWords(Ihave）NeverseenthewordbeforeSeenthewordbutamnotsurewhatitmeansSeenthewordandunderstandwhatitmeansUsedthe

word,butam

notsure

whetherit

wascorrectUsedtheword

confidentlyin

eitherspeaking

orwritingsuburbanbriefcoreprimaryindividual

ReadeachofthetargetwordTargetWords(Ihave）NeverseenthewordbeforeSeenthewordbutamnotsurewhatitmeansSeenthewordandunderstandwhatitmeansUsedthe

word,butam

notsure

whetherit

wascorrectUsedtheword

confidentlyin

eitherspeaking

orwritingpursuestriveunique

innovative

egocentricunitydefineequivalententrepreneurmobilityrelativelytransportationTarget(Ihave）NeverseenthewTargetWords(Ihave）NeverseenthewordbeforeSeenthewordbutamnotsurewhatitmeansSeenthewordandunderstandwhatitmeansUsedthe

word,butam

notsure

whetherit

wascorrectUsedtheword

confidentlyin

eitherspeaking

orwritingadventuremigratestablenativeimmigrantTarget(Ihave）Neverseenthew

Asyoureadthefollowingselection,thinkabouttheanswertothisquestion:WhatarethecharacteristicsofAmericanCulture?Readtheselection.Donotuseadictionary.Thendotheexercisesthatfollowthereading.Task5：ReadingThisArticleAsYouReadAmericanCulture❶

Whenmostpeoplethinkabout“Americanculture”,imagesofCoca-Cola,hotdogs,baseballgames,bigcarsandsuburbanhousescometomind.ButthereisadeepersideofAmericanculturethanHollywood1andDisneyWorld2.HereisabrieflookatseveralculturalaspectsthatinfluencethewayAmericansthinkandact.

Individualism❷

ThecoreofAmericancultureisindividualism:beliefintheprimaryimportanceoftheindividualandtheimportanceofpersonalindependence.Americanstendtoputtheirpersonalneedsfirst;theypursueindividualbenefitandenjoymentratherthancollectiveinterest;andtheyemphasizeonachievingindividualvaluebyself-striveandself-design.Asyoureadthefollowingse❸

Americanindividualismhasitsprosandcons.Peopleareencouragedtoexpressthemselvesinuniqueways.Theyadmirethosewhodosomethingnewandinnovative.PerhapsthisisonereasonwhysomanytechnologicalinventionsandnewideashavecomefromtheUS.Ontheotherhand,itisdifficulttokeepgoodrelationshipsamongpeopleifeveryoneisegocentric,whichmakestheentiresocietylackunity.Work:YouAreWhatYouDo❹

OneofthefirstquestionsthatAmericansaskeachotherwhentheymeetis,“So,whatdoyoudo?”ThisisacommonquestionbecausemostpeopleintheUSdefinewhotheyarebytheworktheydo.Americanshaveaverystrongsenseofsuccess.Theybelievethatone’spersonalvalueisequivalenttohisachievementsinhiscareer.Somehighachieversintheircareersuchasentrepreneurs,scientists,artistsandallkindsofsuperstarsbecomemodernheroes.Theprocessofhowtheystrivedhasbecomethereal-lifetextbookforparentstoeducatetheirchildren.❸Americanindividualismhasi

Mobility❺

Americansocietyhasgreatmovementswithinitself.Thesemovementsareshownintwoaspects:movementsamonglocationsandmovementsinsidethesociety.TheUnitedStatesarerelativelymoreopenandhavemorefreedom.DevelopedtransportationandthetraditionofadventureandmobilitymakealotofAmericanmigratefromcountrysidetocities,fromdowntowntouptown;andfromnorthtothesouthernsunnyland,fromonecitytoanother.ThesocialclassesinAmericaarenotsostable,andmovementsupwardsalongthesocialladderarepossible.ManypeoplelivingintheStates,nomatterwhethertheyarenativesorimmigrantsfromoverseas,havethesamedreamofchangingtheirsocialclassesandmakingtheirlifetimedreamcometruethroughtheirownefforts.Thisiswhattheyoftencalled“Americandream3”.(408words)MobilityWordListhotdogsuburbanbriefcoreprimaryindividualpursuestriveuniqueinnovativeegocentricunityDefineequivalent/səˈbɜːbən//briːf//kɔː(r)//ˈpraɪməri//ˌɪndɪˈvɪdʒuəl//pəˈsjuː//straɪv//juˈniːk//ˈɪnəveɪtɪv//ˌegəʊˈsentrɪk//ˈjuːnəti//dɪˈfaɪn//ɪˈkwɪvələnt/adj.adj.n.adj.n.vt.n.adj.adj.adj.n.vt.adj.热狗郊区的简洁的，简明的核心，精髓首要的，主要的个人追求努力，奋斗独特的创新的自我为中心的团结，一致定义相等的，相当的WordListhotdog热狗WordListentrepreneurmobilityrelativelytransportationadventuremigratestablenativeimmigrant/ˌɒntrəprəˈnɜː(r)//məʊˈbɪlɪti//ˈrelətɪvli//ˌtrænspɔːˈteɪʃn//ədˈventʃə(r)//maɪˈgreɪt//ˈsteɪbl̩//ˈneɪtɪv//ˈɪmɪgrənt/n.n.adv.n.n.vi.adj.n.n.企业家流动性相对地，比较地交通冒险移动，移往稳定的本国人，本土人移民，侨民WordListentrepreneur/ˌɒntrəp1.Hollywood好莱坞好莱坞位于美国西海岸加利福尼亚州洛杉矶郊外，依山傍水，景色宜人。由于美国许多著名的电影公司设立于此，因此“好莱坞”一词往往直接用来指美国的电影工业。好莱坞是世界闻名的电影中心，每年在此举办的奥斯卡颁奖典礼是世界电影的盛会。2.DisneyWorld迪士尼世界全球闻名遐迩的迪士尼，全称为TheWaltDisneyCompany，取名自其创始人华特·迪士尼，是总部设在美国伯班克的大型跨国公司，主要业务包括娱乐节目制作、主题公园、玩具、图书、电子游戏和传媒网络。3.AmericanDream美国梦“美国梦”是美国人的普遍信念，机会均等是“美国梦”的灵魂。聪明、勤奋与坚韧不拔是美国梦的必要条件，而幅度巨大的社会阶级纵向流动，尤其是由下层阶级至上层阶级的社会流动，是美国梦表现出来的最为显著的特征。1.Hollywood好莱坞AfterYouReadTask6：DeterminingtheMeaningofNewWords1.individualism(Para.2,Line1):_____

A.abeliefinthevirtueofobedience

B.abeliefinthefreedomofthoughtandthevirtueofself-reliance

C.abeliefthatpeopleshouldconsiderthebenefitoftheunitorgroupfirstClue:_______________________________________________________________________

Readthetextagainandchoosethemostprobablemeaningforthefollowingwordsandexplainwhatthecluesare.B冒号后面是对individualism一词的定义，即“信仰将个人重要性放在首位，信仰个人的独立”，其意思与B选项一致。AfterYouReadTask6：Determini2.collective(Para.2,Line3):_____

A.oforsharedbyeverymemberofagroupofpeople

B.relatingtoasingle,separatepersonorthing

C.ownedandcontrolledbyasinglepersonClue:_______________________________________________________________________A这是根据反义线索而猜测的词义。前半句解释个人主义的表现，即“追求个人利益”，线索词ratherthan表示后半句与individualbenefit意思相反，因此collectiveinterest是“集体利益”的意思。2.collective(Para.2,Lsandcons(Para.3,Line1):_____

A.inonedirectionandthenintheoppositedirection

B.reasonsorcausesofsomething

C.advantagesanddisadvantagesofsomethingClue:_______________________________________________________________________C本段接下来的两句给出了个人主义的优点，即鼓励创新，词组Ontheotherhand表明最后一句给出了个人主义的缺点，即整个社会缺乏整体意识。因此可以推断prosandcons的意思是“优势和劣势”。3.prosandcons(Para.3,Lin4.uptown(Para.5,Line5):_____

A.inortowardsanareaofacitythatisawayfromthecenter

B.toorinthecenterormainbusinessareaofatownorcity

C.intheindustryareaofatownorcityClue:_______________________________________________________________________Ａuptown与downtown词义相对，即从城市中心到城市周边，因此可以推断该词的词义是“市郊”。4.uptown(Para.5,Line5):_5.overseas(Para.5,Line9):_____

A.inthemiddleofacountry,awayfromthesea

B.relatedtotheseaorocean

C.toorinothercountriesClue:_______________________________________________________________________C从句意来看，immigrantsfromoverseas与natives意思相反，与“本土人”相反的应该是“来自海外的移民”，因此overseas的意思是“海外的，外国的”。5.overseas(Para.5,Line9)Task7：ComprehendingtheWholeText

Readthetextagainandchoosethebestanswertoeachofthefollowingquestionsaccordingtothetext.

1.WhydoestheauthormentionCoca-Cola,hotdogs,baseballgames,bigcarsandsuburbanhousesinthefirstparagraph?

A.ToexemplifyasuperficialunderstandingofAmericanculturebymanypeople.

B.ToexemplifythecoreofAmericanculture.

C.TointroduceanimportantaspectofAmericanculture.

D.TopresentthemostpopularproductsandsportsinAmerica.

2.WhatisthecentralbeliefofAmericanculture?

A.Luxuriouslifestyle.

B.Entertainment.

C.Individualism.

D.Primaryimportanceofbenefit.Task7：ComprehendingtheWhole3.WhichofthefollowingisNOTanadvantageofindividualism?A.Itmakespeoplestrivebythemselvestoachievesuccess.B.Itcanhelpacceleratethedevelopmentoftechnology.C.Itencouragespeopletothinkdifferentlyandinnovate.D.Itmakestheentiresocietylackunity.4.Americanpeopleevaluateone’spersonalvalueonthebasisof_________.A.hisrelationshipamongpeopleB.personalachievementsC.hispursuitD.hissocialclass3.WhichofthefollowingisN

5.ItispossibleforAmericanpeople,nomatterwheretheyarefrom,tomoveupwardthesocialladderbecause__________.

A.thecountryhasdevelopedtransport

B.thecountryhasthetraditionofadventure

C.thesocialclassesarenotstable

D.theyhavethedreamofchangingtheirsocialclasses

6.“Americandream”meansintheStatespeople__________.

A.havethefreedomtodowhattheywanttodo

B.canachievehighsocialstatusandsuccessthroughtheirownefforts

C.canmigratefreelywithinthecountry

D.canbecomewealthybyworkinghard5.ItispossibleforAmericTask8：FocusingonVocabularyA.Choosethecorrectdefinitionforeachword.ＣFＡＨＢＤＪＥＧＩTask8：FocusingonVocabularyAB.Fillintheblankswiththewordsgivenbelow.Changetheformwherenecessary.individualstablepursueegocentricadventuresuburbancorenativerelativelyprimary1.The__________areasusuallyhaverailroadorbustransportationtoneighboringtowns.2.Thelackofgovernmentfundingisatthe_______oftheproblem.3.TheRedCross’s_________concernistopreserveandprotecthumanlife.4.Hebeganto________aneasyandcomfortablelifeinhisforties.5.Thepricesofthegoodsarequite_______thisyear.6.Heis__________andneverconsidersothers.7.Therewerethreequestions.Thefirsttwowere__________easybutthethirdonewashard.8.ThetriptoAfghanistanwasa(n)__________forHelen.9.Thesestylescanbeadaptedtosuit__________tastes.10.Thetranslatorhasdoneagoodjoboftranslatingthispoemintohis________language.suburbancoreprimarypursuestableegocentricrelativelyadventureindividualnativeB.FillintheblankswiththeTask9：FocusingonWordFormationSuffixisanaffixaddedtotheendofawordorstem,servingtoformanewwordorfunctioningasaninflectionalending.Thefollowingsuffixescanbefoundinthetext.Task9：FocusingonWordFormatSuffixLocationWordPartofspeechMeaning-tive/ativePara.2,Line3Para.3,Line3-tionPara.3,Line4Para.5,Line2Para.5,Line3-lyPara.5,Line3A.Readthetextcarefully,locatethewordsinthetextthatcontainoneoftheabove-mentionedsuffixes,andnamethepartofspeechandthemeaningofeachword.collectiveadj.集体的innovativeadj.创新的inventionn.发明locationn.地点transportationn.交通relativelyadv.相对地SuffixLocationWordPartofspeeB.Completethefollowingsentencesbyaddingpropersuffixestothewordsinbrackets.1.Thechocolatesare____________(individual)wrappedingoldfoil.2.Therehasbeena__________(migrate)ofpeoplefromthecountrysidetothetowns.3.Canyougiveusamoreprecise__________(define)oftheword?4.Hewastoldtospeak________(brief);hecuthisremarksshortaccordingly.5.Therewillbeaprizeforthemost____________(innovate)design.6.Americanculturestresses____________(innovate),competitionandindividualism.7.Thecityisprovidingfree______________(transport)tothestadiumfromdowntown.8.Idofeeldeeplythestrengthofthe__________(collect).9.Colorfuldesertlandscapeis__________(unique)differentfromotherplaces.10.We’re__________(primary)concernedwithkeepingtheexpendituredown.individuallymigrationdefinitionbrieflyinnovativeinnovationtransportationcollectiveuniquelyprimarilyB.Completethefollowingsent世纪商务英语阅读教程基础1(第六版)-课件1Inthisunit,youwill

•readaboutthecharacteristicsofwesterncultures;

•learnhowtodesignaninvitationletter;

•practicehowtoguessthemeaningoftheunknownwordsthroughInference/GeneralKnowledgeCluesandContrast/AntonymClues;

•berequiredtofinish9taskssoastoachievetheobjectives.Unit1Unit1WesternCulturesInthisunit,youwillUnit1UnUnit1Part1TopicIntroductionPart2ReadingSkillFocusPart3PracticalReadingPart4ComprehensiveReadingUnit1Part1Part2Part3Part4

Moreandmorepeopleareworkinginmulticulturalenvironmentsnowadays.Theunderstandingofothercoworkers’culturesisbecomingincreasinglyimportant.ThecontentsinthisunitgiveyouageneralpictureofAmericancultureandBritishculture,whichwillhelpyouhaveabetterunderstandingofwesterncultures.Moreandmorepeoplearewor

Inthisunit，youmaymeetsomeparticulartermscommonlyusedinexplainingculturesandlifestyles.Checkthefollowingwords&expressionsandseewhetheryouknowtheirmeanings.Useadictionarytohelpyouifnecessary.Task1：Lead-inExerciseWords&ExpressionsMeaningscustomsymbolismstereotypebowlerhatassimilatemannerpersonalspaceslangpubdemeanorn.习惯，风俗n.象征意义n.模式化概念n.圆顶高帽，礼帽v.使同化，吸收n.礼貌，举止个人空间n.俚语n.酒吧，酒馆n.行为，风度，举止Inthisunit，youmaymeetso

Successfulreadersuseavarietyofmethodstodealwithawordtheydonotknow.Theymaystudytheformationorpartsoftheword,ortheymaymakeuseofitsdefinition,synonymorantonymprovidedbytheauthortoworkoutthemeaning.Determiningthemeaningthroughthecontextisthemosteffectivemethodforhandlinganunknownword.Thatis,thereadersexaminethesentenceinwhichthewordappears,oreventhesentencebeforeandaftertheword.Whenthesurroundingtextcontainsahintorsuggestiontohelpdeterminethemeaningoftheunknownword,werefertothishintorsuggestionasacontextclue.Therearecommonlysixtypesofcontextclues:

1.Inference/GeneralKnowledge（推论/常识）

2.Contrast/AntonymClues（对比/反义）

3.Restatement/SynonymClues（重述/同义）

4.ExampleClues（示例）

5.CauseandEffectRelationship（因果关系）

6.DefinitionClues（定义）ContextClues(1)Successfulreadersuseavar

WewilldiscussthesixtypesofcontextcluesfromUnit1toUnit4.Inthisunit,wewillbeginwithInference/GeneralKnowledgeCluesandContrast/AntonymClues.Inference/GeneralKnowledgeClues

Sometimesawordorphraseisnotimmediatelymadeclearwithinthesamesentence.Relationships,whicharenotdirectlyapparent,areimplied.Thereadermustlookforclueswithin,before,andafterthesentenceinwhichthewordisused.Contrast/AntonymClues

Insomesentences,wewillfindtwowordswithoppositemeanings.Ifweknowthemeaningofoneword,wewillbeabletoguessthemeaningoftheotherword.Thecluewordscommonlyusedinthesentencesare:Wewilldiscussthesixtype世纪商务英语阅读教程基础1(第六版)-课件1GuidedExampleGuidedExampleGuidedExampleGuidedExampleGuidedExampleGuidedExample

Ican’tbelieveit!Rightinthemiddleofourconversation,Peterturnedaroundabruptlyandwalkedoutoftheroom!