(精校版)新编英美概况许鲁之(第四版)Unit17课后习题简答题答案

(完整word版)新编英美概况许鲁之(第四版)Unit1-7课后习题简答题答案编辑整理：尊敬的读者朋友们：文中内容进行仔细校对，但是难免会有疏漏的地方，但是任然希望word许鲁之(第四版)Unit1-7）的内容能够给您的工作和学习带来便利。同时也真诚的希望收到您的建议和反馈，这将是我们进步的源泉，前进的动力。本文可编辑可修改，如果觉得对您有帮助请收藏以便随时查阅，最后祝您生活愉快业绩进步，以下为(完整word版)新编英美概况许鲁之(第四版)Unit1-7课后习题简答题答案的全部内容。Unit1GeographicalFeaturesandNaturalResources1。HowmanystatesarethereintheAndwhichtwostatesgeographicallyseparatedfromtheothers?（50， Alaska,Hawaii）2.WhatarethegeneralcharactersoftheRockyMountainsandtheAppalachianMountains。TothewestofAtlanticcoastalplainlietheAppalachianMountainsbegininCanadaandreachallthewaytoGeorgiaandAlabama。Theseareoldmountainswithroundedtopsandwoodedusuallynotexceeding800minheight。Thehighestpointisonly2000mabovethesea.Mostofthemountainridgesarelowenoughtobeeasilycrossedbymodernhighways。TheAppalachianshavemuchbeautifulsceneryandmanytouristresorts.TheandtheTennesseeRiversflowdownthewesternslopesoftheAppalachianstothegreatMississippideepintheheartofAmerica.TothewestoftheGreatPlainslietheRockyMountains,“thebackboneofthecontinent”。ThesehighmountainsstretchallthewayfromMexicototheArcticandformwhatisknownasContinentalDivide，orGreatDivide，themostimportantwatershedontheTheRockiesaremorethantwiceashighastheAppalachiansandhighenoughtoreceivemorerainthanthesurroundingplainsandplateaus.Consequentlytheyaremostlyforested。ThestrikingandvariedsceneryoftheRockieshasgivenrisetotheestablishmentofmanynationalparkshere。Theothernaturalwondersincluderoamingherdsofbuffalo,elkdeer,antelopeandsheep,aswellasthefamousgrizzlybear。Chapter2AmericanPopulationWhyistheUnitedStatesknownasa“meltingpot”?ItmeansthattheUSiscomposedofimmigrantsfromdifferentnationsallovertheworld。①ThepeopleoftheUSarepredominantlywhite。②ThesecondmostnumerousminorityintheUSweretheblackpeoplewhoseforefatherscamefromAfrica.③AmericanIndiansweretheoriginalinhabitantsonthecontinent.④Therewereabout。5millionHispanicsin2010inthe。TheyaretheSpanish-speakingimmigrantsfromLatinAmericancountries.⑤TheChineseAmericanhaveprovedtobeindustriousandintelligent。WhatfactorscausetheAmericanstomovefrequentlywithintheUnitedStates？①Thedesireforeconomicbettermentisgenerallythemostimportantinducingmigration。②Geographicdifferenceineconomicopportunity，asreflectedbysuchfactorsasdifferencesinemploymentopportunitiesandearningpowerworkersanddifferencesintheavailabilityandthepriceoflandforfarmers。③Noneconomicfactors。Suchasclimate,racialattitudes,andfamilytires，influencingmigration。WhydomanyAmericansnowmigratefromcitiesto①Thewidespreadusesofautomobilesandtheconstructionofexpresshighwaysmadeitpossibleforpeopletolivefartherawayfromtheirjobs②Thetelephonereducedtheneedforthemtoworkorliveincloseproximitytooneanother.③Suburbanareasofferedmorelivingspacethancities,lowercrimerates，lesspollution,andsuperiorschools.Itisgenerallybelievedthatarebetterplaceforraising。Chapter3DiscoveryandColonizationoftheNewWorld1。Discussthepre—ColumbianculturesintheAmericas。1）TheAztecsofMexico2）TheIncasofPeruTheIndiansofNorthAmericaIndiancontributionstoEuropeanculture：Foods，DrugsandUtilitarianobjects2。WhydidthediscoveriesofNewWorldbeforeColumbusnotexertgreatinfluenceintheworldatthattime?BecauseEuropewasthenpoorandpoliticallyfragmented,Itwasbesetbylocalwarsandcivildisorderandlargelyilliterate.InshotEuropewasthenincapableofrespondingtotheNorsediscoveries.。WhydidsomanyEnglishpeoplemovetotheNewWorldinthet1century?TheNewWorldwasagreatandrichladIntheNewWorldtherewereallthose resourcesnecessaryforagriculturalandindustrial。DuringthereignofQueenElizabethItheEnglishingrowingnumbersrealizedthattheNewWorldwastheirbestplacetomaketheirfortunes，andtoworshipandliveaccordingtotheir。SomeofthemmightmovetoAmericatoleaveoppressivepoliticalinstitutions,toescapeburdensomechurchduties,toacquirelargelandholdingsormerelytochangetheirgeneralpatternofliving。Ofcourse,materialgainwasacommonfactor.4。Whatwas thesocialstructureofthe 13colonies?Societyinthel3colonieswaslikeapyramid。①Thetopwasmadeupofmerchantsandlandlords.②ThebasewasmadeupofrefugeesfromEurop，blackslavesfromAfricAndnativeIndians.5WhydidnottheAmericanIndiansbecomeslavesduringthecolonialdays？AsforIndians,theycouldnotputupwithslavery.IfanIndianwasenslaved,hisfellowtribememberswouldfighttofreehim.Sothecolonialistssoongaveuptheattempttousethemasslavelabor。InsteadtheyseizedthelandoftheIndiansanddrovethemawayorkilled。Chapter4AmericanRevolution2.WhathappenedontheeveningofMarch5,1770?AclashbetweenAmericancoloniesandBritishsoldierstookplaceinBoston.①AgroupofunemployedlaborerattackedaBritishsentrystationedattheBostoncustomhouse.②WhentheBritishsoldiersdispatchedtohelpthesentryarrived，theyarapidlygrowing,angrycrowd.③Someonegavethecommandforthesoldierstofire.④Threecolonieswerekilledandseveralwerewounded，twoofwhomlaterdied.3。HowdidthecoloniesreacttotheTownshendAct?Thecolonies,however，stillrejectedtheideathattheParliamentinBritainhadtherighttotaxthemwithoutconsentandreactedtothesenewdutiesbyrefusingtoimportanyofthetaxedgoods.4。WhatwerethemaincontentsoftheDeclarationofIndependence？①ThePreamble，whichexplainswhytheDeclarationwasissued。②AstatementofprinciplesofgovernmenttheAmericanpeoplewerecommitted③Alistofinjusticessufferedbythecolonists.④Asummaryofeffortsthecolonieshadmadetoavoidabreakwiththemothercountry。⑤Theproclamationisthatthe“ColoniesareFreeandIndependentStates”5。Whatwas theimportanceofthevictoryatSaratoga?ThevictoryandSaratogawasaturningpointofthewar.ItfurtherheightenedthespiritoftheAmericans，butmoreimportantlyitcausedactionabroad.ItwasafterthisbattlethattheFrenchagreedtojointhewaragainstBritain。LaterSpainandHollandjoinedFrancewhilemostoftheotherEuropeanpowersformedanArmedNeutralitytoprotecttheircommercefromBritain’snavalpower。Chapter5theConfederationandtheConstitution1。Whatisconfederation？Aconfederationisagovernmentinwhichtheconstituentgovernments,calledstatesintheUS，createacentralgovernmentbyconstitutionalcompactdonotgiveitpowertoregulatetheconductof。2.ComparethepowersofthegovernmentsundertheArticlesofConfederationandtheConstitution。3。Whatdoesthe“checkandbalance”mean?Itmeansthateachbranchofgovernment-executive，legislative,orjudicial-mustexercisedistinctpowersandbeselectedinadistinctway,andthateachbranchmustbeablet“checkandbalanc”theothersifonebranchgrewtoopowerfulandsoughttodominatetheothers.4。WhatwastheBillofRights?Itguaranteedfreedomofspeechreligionpeacefulassemblyandthepress;therighttobearfreedomfromunreasonableandtherighttotheprotectionofcertainlegalproceduresknownasthedueprocesslaw。5。WhatwerethechiefcausesoftheWarof1812？①TheBritishwerenotreconciledtothelossoftheirthirteen。UsingCanadaasthebase,theyalwayschallengedtobattlewiththeyoungRepublic.②Thisangerreachesitspeakin1807whenoneBritishwarshipattachedandboardedinAmericanship,killingandwounding21menandimpressingfoursailors。③JeffersonpersuadedCongresstopassanEmbargoAct，whichforbadeallships,exceptforeignoneswithoutcharge,toleaveAmericanports。Chapter6AmericanExpansionandtheCivilWarWhatwastheimportanceoftheMonroeTheessenceAmericaforwhichlaterbecameacornerstoneoftheUSforeignpolicy.AstheNewworlddevelopedintheyearsaheadthisDoctrinebecamemoremeaningfulandwasstrengthenedbyabroaderinterpretationtomeettheneedsofanenergeticandambitiousUnitedStates.WhatwerethebasiccausesoftheCivilTwodifferentsocial-economicsystemsexistedsidebysideintheUnitedStates.IntheSouthslaverywasthefoundationoftheeconomicsystemwhileintheNorthindustryandcommercewerethemaincharacterofitseconomy.TheswiftlygrowingindustriesintheNorthrequiredtherestrictionofslaveryaswellasanexpandingterritoryinordertoprovidecapitalistproductionwithrawmaterials，marketsandabundantlaborsupply.TheslaveeconomyintheSouthwasanobstacletoindustrialgrowthandexpansionThiseconomicantagonismledtoincreasedconflictsbetweenNorthandtheSouth.Whatwasthedoctrineofthe“popularsovereignty"？Thisdoctrinemeansthattheinhabitantsofthenewterritoriescandecidethequestionofslaveryforthemselves.Inappearance，itseemedfair，butinactualpractice,asfarasslaverywasconcerne，thedoctrinedidnotwork.4。HowdoyoucommentontheAmericanCivilWar？TheoutcomeofthewarplacedthenortherncapitalistsinsolidcontrolofthefederalgovernmentoftheUScapitalism.In1865，theThirteenthAmendmenttotheUSConstitutionwasadopted，whichfreedallslavesthroughouttheUnitedStates.Chapter7ReconstructionandtheBirthofUSImperialismWhatisthe10percentplan?Theplanprovidedthatassoonas10percentofvotersinanystatehadtakentheoathofloyalty，theycouldformtheirowngovernmentandwouldbeentitledtotherecognitionoftheirstatebythepresidentoftheUnitedStates.WhywasAndrewJohnsonimpeachedbytheHouse?InMarch1867,CongresspassedtwoActsthattookawaytwopresidentialprerogatives:therighttoremoveCabinetmembersandtherighttoremovearmyofficersunderhiscommand.TotesttheconstitutionalityPresidentAndrewJohnsonremovesEdwinM。Stanton,theSecretaryofWar,f