【学海导航】2012届高中英语总复习 part1 M5-Unit 2　The environment课件 牛津译林版 新课标

Unit2

Theenvironment重点单词【1】layvt.(laid,laid)产卵，下蛋；放置，摆设，搁Shelaidthebabydowngentlyonthebed.她把婴儿轻轻地放在床上。Thecuckoolaysitseggsinotherbirds'nests.杜鹃在其他鸟的巢中产蛋。lie—lay—lain—lyingvi.躺，位于，在于lie—lied—lied—lyingvi.说谎lay—laid—laid—layingvt.放，搁，产卵，下蛋laythetable摆桌子layhopeson寄希望于laydown放下layoff解雇lay…to…归(罪)于……layemphasison把重点放在……上面layern.层，表层；层次，阶层拓展知识运用①________onthegrassland,wecouldfeelthecoolairblowingandwatchthestarsglitteringinthesky.②________cannotcoverupfacts.③Whydon'tyou__________theproblemaside？④Thelittlegirl__________onthegrass________thatshehad__________thebookonthetable.⑤Thesehensbeganto__________eggsinearlyspring.⑥Theboy__________hisfailureinexamtohislackofexperience.①Lying

②Lies

③lay

④lying;lied;laid

⑤lay

⑥laid答案【2】concernn.关心，关系，忧虑v.与……相关，涉及，使关心；挂念Thereisapublicconcernaboutcorruption.公众对于腐败很关心。Don'tinterfereinwhatdoesn'tconcernyou.不要干涉/影响与你无关的事。concernedadj.担心的，忧虑的，烦恼的beconcernedabout/for/over为……担心/忧虑/烦恼重点单词Weareallconcernedabout/for/overyoursafety.我们都很为你的安全担心。concerningprep.关于Wehaveapersonwhowillbeinchargeoflettersconcerningpubliccomplaints.我们有专人负责处理关于公众投诉的信件。重点单词beconcernedwith(一般是某人充当主语)与……相关；涉及beconcernedtodo认为做某事重要Shewasconcernedtowriteaboutsituationsthateverybodycouldidentifywith.她认为有必要写出让大家都能看得清楚的事态的本来面目。concernedadj.担心的，关注的asfarasI'mconcerned在我看来拓展知识运用①Heisnowhavingahardtime,______abouttheproblem______thepublictransportationofthecity.A.concerning;concerningB.concerned;concerningC.concerned;concernedD.concerning;concerned②______，youcanstaythewholesummer.A.WhoeveritconcernedB.AsfarasI'mconcernedC.AsyouareconcernedD.Concerningyouandme①B第一空是形容词短语充当原因状语，第二空为介词“关于”。②B解析【3】辨析debate,argue,discuss(1)debate强调正式的、公开的辩论，目的在于说服对方。后接名词或连接词引导的不定式短语，不接that从句；Thatsubjectwashotlydebatedamongthem.他们就那个话题进行热烈地辩论。(2)argue强调就自己的看法、立场，条理清楚地提出赞成或反对某事的理由，以说服他人。后接名词或that从句，不可接what，when，whether等引导的从句和不定式；重点单词XiaoWangarguedwiththeteacherthathedidnothingwrong.小王与老师争辩说他没做错什么。(3)discuss

强调交换意见，进行讨论，不含有意说服对方的意思。后接名词、动名词、不定式短语或what，when，whether引导的从句，但不接that从句。Ifyouwouldliketodiscussthematterfurther,pleasecallme.如果你想进一步讨论那个问题，请打电话给我。重点单词【1】inaddition另外，而且，用来表示递进关系。inadditionto…除了……外。这是一个介词短语，其后要接名词、代词或动名词充当宾语。Hecan'tgooutwithyoubecauseheisbusywithhishomework.Inaddition,theweatherisbad.他不能和你外出。因为他正在忙于做作业，而且天气不好。Inadditiontothesearrangements,extraambulanceswillbeondutyuntilmidnight.除了这些安排以外，另增救护车值班至午夜。重点短语表示递进关系的词还有：besides,what'smore,moreover,stillmore,what'sbetter/worse,tomakethingsbetter/worse等。拓展知识运用①______givingageneralintroductiontocomputer,thecoursealsoprovidespracticalexperience.A.Inaddition B.DespiteC.Inadditionto D.Inspiteof用inadditionto/inaddition填空②Itissaidthattheanimalseat,__________leaves,agreatdealoffruit.③Theteacheransweredmyquestionsandgavemesomeadvice__________.知识运用④—DoyouthinkIshouldgetagoodguidebook?—Yes,ofcourse.__________，youalsoneedagoodcameraandcomfortableshoes.⑤____________JohnandKate,theirfatherandmotherarecomingtovisitusthenextday.①C这里为介词短语，表示“除了……”，而B、D项是表示“不顾”。②inadditionto

③inaddition

④Inaddition⑤Inadditionto解析【2】cutbackon

削减，缩减，相当于cutdownon。Trytocutbackonfoodscontainingtoomuchfatandsugar.要尽量少吃脂肪和糖分含量过高的食品。重点短语cutacross走捷径cutaway切除，剪掉cutin插嘴，干预cutoff切断，停掉cutdown削减，砍倒cutup切碎cutout裁剪出；切掉cutshort使停止，中断拓展知识运用①Theelectricitywas__________becauseoftheheavystorm.②Theyshouldplantmoretreesiftheywantto__________treesforwood.③Tomakethedish,youshouldfirst__________thevegetables.④He__________anarticleaboutLiuXiangfromthenewspaper.⑤ThemomentIbegantospeak,he__________.⑥Theyhavealready__________productionby20%.①cutoff

②cutdown

③cutup

④cutout⑤cutin

⑥cutbackon解析【3】see…as…“将……视为”，其被动形式为beseenas…Afterhisfirstnovelwaspublished,hewasseenasoneofthemostoutstandingnewauthorsofhisgeneration.在他的第一部小说出版后不久，他就被视为他这一代最杰出的新秀作家之一。重点短语常见的表示“把……当成/看成……”的短语有：regard…as…，consider…as/tobe…，think/believe/suppose…as…，take…as…，have…as…，recognize…as…等。拓展知识运用

______asoneofthebestsellers,thebookwillbepublishedforathirdtime.A.Tosee B.SeeingC.Seen D.TobeseenC过去分词短语充当原因状语，与逻辑主语thebook之间为被动关系。解析【4】keep…inmind记住Studentsshouldkeepitinmindthattheymuststudyhard.学生们应该记住必须要努力学习。重点短语keepintouchwith与……保持联系keepfit＝keephealthy保持健康keepoff避免吃某物，回避话题keepon继续；保持keepout关在门外；不准入内keepoutof躲开；置身于……之外keepto不偏离道路，不跑题，坚守keepup天气持续不变，跟上keepupwith跟上；不落后；赶上makeupone'smind作出决定nevermind不要紧拓展havenomindtodosth.不想做某事havesth.onone'smind把某事挂在心上，担心某事absenceofmind心不在焉readsb.'smind/thoughts知道某人在想些什么put/setone'smindto全神贯注于……，专心于……offsb.'smind被某人忘怀，被某人抛在脑后loseone'smind发狂，精神错乱ifyoudon'tmind要是你不反对；要是你不介意；如果你不当心Greatmindsthinkalike.[谚]英雄所见略同。拓展知识运用①处理紧急情况时要牢记最重要的事情是要保持镇静。________________________________________________________________________②别让孩子晒着。________________________________________________________________________③我尽量不吃高脂肪食物。___________________________________________①Themostimportantthingtokeepinmindwhendealingwithanemergencyistostaycalm.②Keepthebabyoutofthesun.③I'mtryingtokeepofffattyfoods.答案【5】hidefromone'sresponsibilityto…躲避某人对……的责任responsibilityn.责任，责任感takeresponsibilityfor…承担对……的责任Childrenshouldbetaughttotaketheirresponsibilitiestothesociety,nothidefromthem.应该教育孩子去承担他们对社会的责任，而不是逃避责任。重点短语responsibleadj.负责任的beresponsiblefor…对……负责Whowillberesponsiblefortheaccident?谁将对此事故负责？responsen.回答respondv．回答拓展知识运用Hefeelsasifhealone______whathadhappened.A.isresponsibletoB.shouldberesponsibletoC.beresponsibleforD.wereresponsibleforD

asif后的从句可用虚拟语气，与现在事实相反时，be动词用were形式。解析【1】

Thenwewillopenthefloorfordiscussion.之后我们将展开自由讨论。句中thefloor为“发言权”，openthefloor进行/开始自由发言。begiven/get/havethefloor有发言权holdthefloor发言，长篇大论的发言(尤指使他人无法发言)疑难句型Afteranhour'sformaldebate,thechairopenedthefloorandmadeafinaldiscussion.经过一个小时的正式辩论之后，主席发了言并作出了最终的裁决。Aftertheyhadeachsaidafewwords,ProfessorWhitetookthefloor.他们各自说了几句话后，怀特教授开始发言。疑难句型【2】

Theworld'spopulationhasgrowntomorethansixtimeswhatitwasin1800.目前的世界人口与1800年相比已经增长到当时的6倍多。populationn.人口，人口数；人，居民(集合名词)population表示“人口”时是不可数名词；表示“(某一地区的)全体居民”时是可数名词。ThepopulationofChinaismuchlargerthanthatofJapan.中国人口比日本人口多得多。About30percentofthepopulationinthevillagehavebeenstruckbytheillness.整个村庄约30%的人口受到这种病的侵袭。疑难句型(1)表示“人口多/少”：alarge/smallpopulation；问一个地方的人口数：Whatisthepopulationof…表示一个地方拥有多少人口：have/withapopulationof…(2)表示“增长”、“减少”的一些表达方式：表示增长到：growto,increaseto,riseto,climbto；表示以……(程度/比例/比率)增长：grow/increase/rise/climbby…表示减少到：fall/drop/decreaseto…表示以……(程度/比例/比率)减少：fall/drop/decreaseby…拓展知识运用①Thisisabeautifulvillagewitha______populationof300,andonly15%ofthem______todevelopthevillageintoatouristresort.A.little;agrees B.little;agreeC.small;agree D.small;agrees②Itisquiteamazingthattheincomeofthepeopleinthecityhas______60%inthelasttwoyears.A.increased B.risenbyC.decreasedby D.grownto①C第一空表示“人口少”，用small；第二空用复数谓语，是因为主语population在这里表示“村民”、“居民”。②B根据后面的百分比可知用介词by,又根据其前面的amazing及全句的意思可知是“增长”了60%。解析【3】

ButIdoagreethatrecyclingmaybethekeytohelpingbothsides.但有一点我非常赞同：循环利用或许是对两者都有利的解决办法。key“答案，解决办法”。句中的to为介词，其后接名词、代词、动名词充当宾语。Inmyopinion,thekeytosolvingtheproblemistocooperateratherthanargue.依我的观点，解决这个问题的办法就是合作，而不是争论。疑难句型如何写好名词性从句掌握了写好简单句的基础学习，要写好名词性从句就很容易了。什么样的名词性从句就应该置于什么位置。但是使用名词性从句主要应注意其引导词的用法与区别、何时用it作形式主语或形式宾语来代替真正的主语从句或宾语从句等。(1)Hetoldalietoeveryone.Itiswrong.(合并成一个复合句)Thathetoldalietoeveryoneiswrong.(2)Thathetoldalietoeveryoneiswrong.Ithink…(合并成复合句)Ithinkthathetoldalietoeveryoneiswrong.①

若宾语从句后还有补足语，要用it作形式宾语，而把宾语从句放在句尾。根据英语语言表达方式，如果主语从句或宾语从句太长，可用it作形式主语或形式宾语，真正主语和宾语置于后面，则得出该句最标准的语表达句式：Ithinkitwrongthathetoldalietoeveryone.(3)Somethingwasgoingonintheart.Theywereinterestedinit.(合并成一个复合句)两句合并成一个句子，首先语义上要符合逻辑，这样可以确定主从句；再根据语法结构及连词的用法表述句子，得出该句为：Theywereinterestedinwhat

was

going

on

in

the

art.(宾语从句)或为：Theywereinterestedinsomething

thatwasgoingonintheart.(that…为定语从句，somethingthat＝what)翻译下列句子1.

我猜想你对政治不感兴趣。______________________________________________2.

我不知道李甜甜是否能按时到这里。______________________________________________3.

为了更好地掌握我们所学的，我们应该被给予更多的机会来运用它。______________________________________________实战练习4.

你要哪一个就挑选哪一个。________________________________________________________________________5.这位教授给我们提出了一些如何学好英语的建议。____________