2023年电大远程网络大学英语阅读大学英语统考题库试卷一阅读

Takingawayacity'srubbishisabigjob.Everydaytruckscomeintoacitytocollectit.Mostrubbishismadeupofthingswecan'teatoruse.Ifwekeptthesethings,wewouldsoonhaveamountainofrubbish.Insomecitiestherubbishiscollectedandtakenoutsidethecitytoadump.Oftenthecitydumpisplacedwherethegroundisloworthereisabighole.Thekitchenrubbishisbrokenintosmallpiecesandsentintothesewage（污水，排水）system.Thesewagesystemtakesawaytheusedwaterfromtoilets,bathtubsandotherplaces.Tokeepmiceandfliesaway,someearthisusedtocoverthenewlydumpedrubbish.Later,grassmaybeplantedontherubbish-filledland.Finally,ahouseoraschoolmaybebuiltthere,andthenyou'dneverknowthatthishadoncebeenanoldrubbishdump.Inothercitiestherubbishisburntinspecialplaces.Thefireburnseverythingexceptthemetal.Sometimesthemetalcanbeusedagaininfactorieswherethingsaremadeofmetal.Thefoodpartsofrubbishareputinspecialpileswheretheyslowlychangeintosomethingcalledhumus（腐殖质）,whichlookslikeblackearth.Itisrichwiththekindsofthingsthatfeedplantsandhelpmakethemgrow.(1)、Youcanmostprobablyreadthiskindofpassageinatelephonebook.A：TB：F答案：B(2)、Themainideaofthepassageistotellpeopletotakeusefulthingsoutofrubbish.A：TB：F答案：B(3)、Theunderlinedword"sewage"inthesecondparagraphmeanslaundry.A：TB：F答案：B(4)、Accordingtothepassage,thefoodpartsofrubbishcanbeusedagaintofeedplants.A：TB：F答案：A(5)、Weshouldtakecareofausedmetalboxbyreusingandrecyclingit.A：TB：F答案：ASnowflakeslooklikewhitestarsfallingfromthesky.Buttherehavebeentimeswhensnowhaslookedred,green,yellow,orblack.Therehavebeensnowflakesofalmosteverycolor.Thinkhowitwouldseemtohavecoloredsnowflakescomingdownallaroundyou.BlacksnowfellinFranceoneyear.AnotheryeargreysnowfellinJapan.Itwasfoundthatthesnowwasmixedwithashes.Thismadeitlookdark.Redsnowhadcomedowninothercountries.Whenthishappened,thesnowwasmixedwithreddust.Mostsnowlookswhite,butitisreallythecolorofice.Snowisicethatcomesfromsnowcloud.Eachsnowflakebeginswithasmalldropoffrozenwater.Morewaterformsaroundthisdrop.Thewaythewaterfreezesgivesthesnowflakesitsshape.Notwosnowflakesareeverjustthesamesizeorshape.Sometimesthesnowflakesarebrokenwhentheycomedown.Othersnowflakesmeltastheyfall.Allsnowflakesareflatandhavesixsides,iftheyarenotbrokenormelted.Whentheairiscoldanddry,thefallingsnowflakesaresmallandhard.Iftheairwetandwarm,thesnowflakesarebigandsoft.Wouldyoubesurprisedtoseesnowflakesasbigasyourheadfallingfromthesky?IthappenedonceintheUnitedStates.Itcouldhappenagain.(1)、Thefirsttwoparagraphsmainlytellusthatsometimessnowhasdifferentcolors.A：TB：F答案：A(2)、Notwosnowflakesarejustthesamesize,butallsnowflakesarehard.A：TB：F答案：B(3)、Snowflakesbeginwithcloud.A：TB：F答案：B(4)、Thebiggerthesnowflakesare,thesoftertheyare.A：TB：F答案：A(5)、BlacksnowfellonlyinEuropeanCountries.A：TB：F答案：BTheSpringFestivaltogetherwiththewinterholidaysoftenmeanssharingcakes,candiesandotherdeliciousfoodwithfriendsandfamilies.Mostpeoplewilleatmorethantheyusuallydo.Butdoctorsfindoutthatwhatyoueatmayaffecthowwellyourememberthings.Thisisbadnewsforpeoplewhoeattoomuch.Forgetfulnessseemstomanypeopleaninevitablepartofaging.Asourbodiesgrowolder,mostofusfindthatmanythingsweshouldrememberareslippingoutofminds.Butnewfactsshowthatitispossibletoslowtime'seffectsonourminds.Oncepeoplethoughtthatthebraincouldnotmakenewcells,butnowstudiesshowthatlearningnewthingscanhelpbraingrowandkeeptheillnessawayfromthebrain.ProfessorEricKandel,aNobelPrizewinnerforhisstudyofthehumanmemory,saysthebestwaytosaveourmemoriesistokeepourbrainsingoodshape.Throughmentalexercise,hesays,peoplecankeeptheirmemorieswellintotheir80sand90s.AndMarkMattson,aprofessorattheNationalInstituteonAging,saysthatreducingtheamountofcaloriesfedtoolderratsandmicebythirtypercentcanbeagoodhelptolearningandmemory.Whileitishardformanypeopletogoontheirdietlikethat,doctorstellusthatevensmallstepscanmakebigdifference.(1)、Doctorsfindoutthateatingtoomuchmaybebadforyourmemory.A：TB：F答案：A(2)、Theunderlinedword"slipping"inthesecondparagraphmeansforgettingimmediately.A：TB：F答案：B(3)、Afamousdoctorthinksthatwecansaveourmemoriesthroughmentalexercise.A：TB：F答案：A(4)、Thewriterthinksthatforgetfulnessisabigproblemwefaceaswegrowolder.A：TB：F答案：A(5)、Doctorssaywecansaveourmemorieseventhroughsmalleffortsinourdiet.A：TB：F答案：AMr.andMrs.Whitehadtwosonsandthreedaughters．OneSunday，Mrs.Whitesaidtoherhusband，"Thechildrendon'thaveanylessonstoday，andyou'refreetoo．There'sanewfunfair（庙会）inthepark．Let'sallgotheretoplay."Herhusbandsaid，"Iwanttofinishsomeworktoday.""oh,forgetit．Gothereandmakeourchildrenhappy．That'sthemostimportantwork"Mrs.Whitesaid.SoMr.andMrs.Whitetooktheirchildrentothefunfair．Mr.Whitewasforty-fiveyearsold.Butheenjoyedthefunfairmorethanhischildren.Hehurriedfromonethingtoanother，andatelotsofsweets.Oneofthechildrensaidtohermother，"Dadisjustlikeasmallchild，isn'the,Mom?"Mrs.Whitedidn'twanttofollowherhusbandaroundanymoreatthattimeandanswered，"Heisevenworsethanasmallchild，Mary，becausehemightspendmoremoneythanasmallchild."(1)、TherewerefivechildrenintheWhitefamily.A：TB：F答案：A(2)、OneSunday，Mr.andMrs.Whitewantedtogotoashopwiththeirchildren.A：TB：F答案：B(3)、Mr.Whitelikedtheplacesomuchthatheboughtlotsofsweets.A：TB：F答案：B(4)、FromthestoryweknowMrs.WhitewasalittleangrywithMr.White.A：TB：F答案：A(5)、Ofallthefamilymembers,Mr.WhiteenjoyedplayingtheremostthatSunday.A：TB：F答案：ASomeBritishandAmericanpeopleliketoinvitefriendsandcolleaguesforamealathome.Youshouldnotbeupset(心烦意乱)ifyourEnglishfriendsdon'tinviteyouhome.Itdoesn'tmeantheydon'tlikeyou.Dinnerpartiesusuallystartbetween7and8p.m.,andendatabout11.Askyourhostswhattimeyoushouldarrive.It'spolitetobringflowers,chocolatesorabottleofwineasapresent.Doyouwanttobeextra(尤其地)polite?Sayhowmuchyouliketheroom,orthepicturesonthewall.Butremember-nottoaskhowmuchthingscost.You'llprobablystartthemealwithsoup,orsomethingsmallasa"starter"(第一道菜),thenyou'llhavemeatorfishwithvegetables,andthenadessert(甜食),followedbycoffee.It'spolitetofinisheverythingonyourplateandtotakemoreifyouwantit.Somepeopleeatbreadwiththeirmeal,butnoteveryonedoes.Beforetheytakeouttheircigarettesafterthemeal,mostpeopleusuallyask,"DoyoumindifIsmokehere?"Didyouenjoytheevening?Callyourhoststhenextday,orwritethemashort"thankyou"letter.Perhapsitseemsfunnytoyou,butBritishandAmericanpeoplesay,"thankyou,thankyou,andthankyou."allthetime.(1)、IfyourEnglishorAmericanfriendsdon'tinviteyoutodinnerathome,itdoesn'tshowtheydon'tlikeyou.A：TB：F答案：A(2)、Whenyouareinvitedtogotoyourfriend'shome,youmaygoatanytime.A：TB：F答案：B(3)、InEnglandandAmerica,it'snotpolitetoaskthepriceofsomething.A：TB：F答案：A(4)、Inthepassage,theorderoftheservingofamealismeatorfishwithvegetables-dessert-soup-coffee.A：TB：F答案：B(5)、You'dbetterwriteashort"Thankyou"lettertoyourhostsorgivethemacallifyouwanttobeextrapolite.A：TB：F答案：APeoplehavebeentalkingabouthealthforalongtimebecausepeopleknowtheimportanceofit.People'sunderstandingofhealthalsobecomesdeeperwiththeprogressinscientificresearch.Recentlytheterm"health"hascometohaveawidermeaningthanitusedto.Itnolongermeansjusttheabsenceofillness.Today,healthmeansthewell-beingofyourbody,yourmindandyourrelationshipwithotherpeople.Thisnewconceptofhealthiscloselyrelatedtoanotherterm－qualityoflife.Qualityoflifeisthedegreeofoverallsatisfactionthatapersongetsfromlife.Whyhastheemphasisofhealthshiftedfromtheabsenceofdiseasetoabroaderfocusonthequalityofaperson'slife?Onereasonforthishastodowiththelengthandconditionsoflifethatpeoplecannowexpect.Medicaladvanceshavemadeitpossibleforpeopletodaytolivelonger,healthierlives.Imagineforamomentthatyouwerebornintheyear1900.Youcouldhaveexpectedonaveragetoliveuntilabouttheageof47.Incontrast,ifyouwerebornintheyear1999,youcouldexpecttolivetotheageof75.(1)、Progressinscientificresearchleadstopeople'sdeeperunderstandingofhealth.A：TB：F答案：A(2)、Accordingtothepassage,topeopleoftoday,healthmeansabsenceofillness.A：TB：F答案：B(3)、Theemphasisofhealthhasshiftednowadaysbecausepeopleenjoybetterconditionsoflivingandtheycanlivelonger.A：TB：F答案：A(4)、Wecaninferfromthepassagenowadaystheemphasisofhealthhasabroaderfocusbecauseofimprovementsinthequalityoffood.A：TB：F答案：B(5)、Thispassageismainlyaboutdifferentunderstandingsoftheterm"health".A：TB：F答案：A、OnFebruary14thmanypeopleintheworldcelebrateanunusualholiday,St.Valentine'sDay,aspecialdayforlovers.TheoriginofthisholidayisuncertainbutaccordingtoonestoryitgetsitsnamefromaChristiannamedValentinewholivedinRomeduringthe3rdcenturyA.D.HisjobwastoperformmarriagesforChristiancouples.Unfortunately,theEmperorofRomedidn'tallowChristianmarriages.Sotheyhadtobeperformedinsecret.FinallyValentinewasarrestedandputintoprison.Whilehewasinprisonhefellinlovewiththedaughteroftheprisonguard.AfteroneyeartheEmperorofferedtoreleaseValentineifhewouldstopperformingChristianmarriages.ValentinerefusedandsohewaskilledinFebruary,270A.D.BeforehewaskilledValentinesentalovelettertothedaughteroftheprisonguard.Hesignedtheletter"fromyourValentine".ThatwasthefirstValentine.TodayValentinesarecardsusuallyredandshapedlikeheartswithmessagesoflovewritteninthem.OnValentine'sDaytensofmillionsofpeoplesendandreceiveValentines.Whetheritisanexpensiveheart-shapedboxofchocolatesfromasecretadmirerorasimplehand-madecardfromachild,aValentineisaveryspecialmessageoflove.(1)、Thepassageismainlyaboutaspecialholiday.A：TB：F答案：A全套完整题库，全中文翻译内容，复习更以便，提供简化版，全程免费答疑。请看顾客名。(2)、Valentinewasputintoprisonbecausehesentalovelettertothedaughteroftheprisonguard.A：TB：F答案：B(3)、ItisbecauseherefusedtoaccepttheEmperor'sofferthatValentinewaskilled.A：TB：F答案：A(4)、Valentinesarecardsusuallyred,andshapedlikeheartswithmessagesoflovewritteninthem.A：TB：F答案：A(5)、PeoplesendValentinestoeachothernowadaystocelebrateValentine'sbirthday.A：TB：F答案：BManhasalwayswantedtofly.Someofthegreatestmeninhistoryhadthoughtabouttheproblem.Oneofthem,forexample,wasthegreatItalianartist,LeonardoDaVinci.Inthesixteenthcenturyhemadedesignsformachinesthatwouldfly,buttheywereneverbuilt.Throughouthistory,otherlessfamousmenhadwantedtofly.AnexamplewasamaninEngland8