中考英语基础词汇重点知识点 拓展学习讲义与练习

初中英语基础词汇重点知识点拓展学习讲义【10】（全国通用）（含答案与解析）bedroom

cn.卧室bee

cn.蜜蜂○短语搭配asbusyasabee忙忙碌碌beef

un.牛肉beer

un.啤酒before

prep.在…前面;在…以前

adv.以前

conj.在…前面○短语搭配1.Itwasnotlongbefore…不久就…2.Itwillbenotlongbefore…不久就会…3.longbefore很久以前(和过去时态连用)4.beforelong不久以后(和将来时态或过去时态连用)○近义辨析

before和ago的区别见ago.○冲刺中考1.Therooffell_____hehadtimetodashintotheroomtosavehisbaby.A.after

B.as

C.before

D.until2.Someonecalledmeupinthemiddlethenight,buttheyhungup__________Icouldanswerthephone.A．as

B．since

C．until

D．before3.Hemadeamistake,butthenhecorrectedthesituation___________itgotworse.(A．until

B．when

C．before

D．as答案：1.C.2.D.3.C.○强化练习1.Allofuswentoutofthehousebeforethehouse______.A.felldown

B.didn’tfalldown

C.hadfallendown

D.hadn’tfallendown2.Itisfiveyears________hemarriedme.A.before

B.since

C.when

D.after答案与解析1.A.before后的谓语动词不用否定式.2.B.beg

vt.乞讨,乞求

vi.请求,恳求○句型用法1.begforsth.请求得到2.begsthofsb.请求3.begsb.todosth.请求(恳求)某人做某事4.begtodosth请求做某事4.begthat从句(should/may)…请求,恳求○短语搭配1.begone’spardon请原谅2.begsb.off为某人说情;辞退某人○近义辨析

beg和ask的区别beg指带有诚意且谦卑的请求,语气较强,用法较为正式.ask是普通用语,指一般的请求.○强化练习1.Theyfailed,buttheybegged_______anotherchance.A.togive

B.giving

C.tobegiven

D.beinggiven2.Heworkedhardandbegged_____abettersalary.A.for

B.by

C.to

D.of答案与解析1.C.2.A.begin

vt.&vi.开始,着手○短语搭配1.tobeginwith首先,第一2.beginwith…

以…开始○近义辨析

begin和start的用法区别：两个词都有“开始”的意思，很多情况下能通用。start较为口语化。两个词后面都既能接不定式也能接动名词。在下面几种情况下后面接todo较好:1)主语是物而表示人时.e.g.Thewaterbegan/startedtoboil.2)begin/start是-ing形式时.e.g.Iamjustbeginning/startingtodomyhomework.3)begin/start后面接的是与想法,感情有关的动词.e.g.Theybegan/startedtorealizethefact.○冲刺中考Theresearchissodesignedthatonce________nothingcanbedonetochangeit.A.begins

B.havingbegun

C.beginningD.begun答案：D.注意：begin既可作不及物动词，也可作及物动词。○强化练习1.Hadyoufoundthattheice________.A.beganmelting

B.startedmelting

C.beganmelt

D.startedtomelt2.They________whatIsaid.A.beganunderstanding

B.begantounderstand

C.startunderstanding

D.startunderstand答案与解析1.D.2.B.achieve

vt.达到，取得

○近义辨析

achieve,gain和get的区别achieve通常指通过努力而获得成功或达到某种目的。gain多指通过努力或奋斗，获得利益，好处，或经验。get表示用某种方法或手段得到某种东西，多用于口语中。○强化练习1.Theyfinally______theirpurposethroughtheirhardwork.A.get

B.gain

C.achieve

D.have2.We_____muchexperiencefromourjob.A.get

B.gain

C.achieve

D.have3.SuddenlyI_____agoodidea.A.get

B.gain

C.achieve

D.occur4.FlyingacrosstheAtlanticforthefirsttimeisagreat______.A.achieve

B.achievement

C.achievable

D.progress答案与解析：1.C.2.B.3.A.4.B．achievement是achieve的名词形式,指具体的一次成就或伟绩时是可数名词。achievable是achieve的形容词形式。progress是不可数名词,故在此不合适。across

prep

1）横过穿过

2）在---的另一边3）交叉

4）经过（一整段时间）

adv.

1）横过穿过

2）在---的另一边3）交叉

4）横,阔○短语搭配1.acrossfrom在…的对过e.g.Mycompanyisacrossfromthebookstore.2.across-the-board

adj.①全面的；全盘的；包括一切的②(电台或电视节目)在固定时间播送的.e.g.Itissaidthatthereistobeanacross-the-boardtaxcuthere.(据说这里将要有全面的减税.)○近义辨析

across和through的区别across穿过,横过；强调从表面穿过;含义与on相关。through穿过强调从…当中穿过;含义与in相关。此外，over也可表示横过，越过，它强调“翻越”到较高的物体的另一边。

○强化练习1.Ittakesme3hourstoswim________the

river.A.across

B.through

C.over

D.cross2.Youarenotallowedtowalk______theforestalone.A.across

B.through

C.over

D.cross3.It’sreallydifficultfortheyoungboytopush___thecrowdstothefront.A.across

B.through

C.over

D.cross4.Theteacherwaslooking___myshoulderatmytestpaper.A.across

B.through

C.over

D.cross5.Theycan’twent_______theriverbybikesothey

________theriverinaboat.A.across;cross

B.through;cross

C.cross;across

Dover;.cr