中考英语语法：it作形式主语和形式宾语的用法

中考英语语法：it作形式主语和形式宾语的用法一it作形式宾语1）当不定式短语、动名词短语或从句在复合宾语（宾语+宾补）结构中作某些动词（find,make,think,consider,feel,suppose等）的宾语时。如：Theyfoundit

pleasantthattheyworkedwithusChinese.他们发现与我们中国人一起工作很愉快。(pleasant是宾语补足语，thattheyworkedwithusChinese是宾语从句）Idon’tfeelit

difficulttounderstand

theSpecialEnglish.我觉得《特别英语》节目并不难理解。（difficult是宾补，tounderstand

theSpecialEnglish是真正宾语）Hemakesit

arulenevertoborrowmoney.他立志决不向别人借钱。（arule是宾补，nevertoborrowmoney是真正宾语）Ithinkit

noneedtalkingaboutitwiththem.我认为没必要跟他们谈这事。（noneed是宾补，talkingaboutitwiththem是真正宾语）2）某些“喜、怒、哀、乐”的动词，如like,enjoy,love,hate等，往往不能直接接宾语从句，需要用it作形式宾语。Idon’tlikeit

thathe’ssolazy.我不喜欢他那么懒惰。（thathe’ssolazy是真正宾语）Ihateit

whenmymotherasksmetoeateggs.我讨厌母亲要我吃鸡蛋。（whenmymotherasksmetoeateggs是真正宾语）1）that引导的宾语从句不能直接作介词的宾语。如Youmaydependonitthatweshallalwayshelpyou.尽管放心，我们会随时帮你的。Heinsistedonit

thathewasinnocent.他坚持说自己是无辜的。（thathewasinnocent是真正宾语)Wouldyouseetoitthatshegetshomeearly？你负责保证她早到家，好吗？3)由及物动词与介词组成的固定搭配中，宾语从句若作该动词的宾语时，须借用it.Ileaveittoyourownjudgement

whetheryoushoulddoit.我让你自己判断这事是否该做。（whetheryoushoulddoit是真实宾语）Weoweittoyou

thattherewasn’taseriousaccident.多亏了你才没发生严重事故。（

thattherewasn’taseriousaccident.是真实宾语）二it作形式主语it作形式主语当主语是动词不定式（短语）、动名词（短语）或从句时，为保持句子结构前后平衡，避免头重脚轻，常用it作形式主语。而将真正的主语放在句尾。此时只起引导作用，本身无意义。Itiswrongtotellalie.说谎是错误的。(totellalie是真实主语）Itisnouse

arguingaboutit.争论这件事是没用的。(It为arguingaboutit的形式主语）Itisuncertainwhowillcome.谁要来还未确定。(it为whowillcome的形式主语）三it作形式主语的常见句型１）It＋be＋形容词＋todosth/doing/that...Itisveryimportant

tolearnaforeignlanguage.学一门外语非常重要。Itisuseless

cryingoverthesplitmilk.覆水难收。Itwasreallysurprising

thatshemarriedamanlikethat.她嫁给那样的男人真让人惊讶。2）It+be+名词词组+doing/that...Itisnogood

tellinglies.撒谎无好处。Itisapity

thatyoudidn’tgotoseethefilmyesterday.你昨天没看成那部电影真遗憾。Itisatruth

thattherewouldbenonewChinawithouttheCommunistParty.没有共产党就没有新中国，这是毋庸置疑的。3）It+be+过去分词+that...该句型常见动词有：say,hope,think,suppose,expect,report,know,believe,decide等。Itissaidthattheyhaveinventedanewtypeofcomputer.据说他们发明了一种新型电脑。Itisbelieved

thatChinawillbecomeoneofthestrongestcountriesintheworld.大家都相信中国将会步入世界强国之列。Itisreported

thatmorethan170thousandpeoplediedinthe2004tsunami.据报道，至少有十七万人在2004年那场海啸中丧生。（thatmorethan170thousandpeoplediedinthe2004tsunami.是主语从句，作真实主语）4）It+seems/appears/happens等不及物动词+that...Itseems

thatheenjoyspopsongsverymuch.似乎他非常喜欢流行歌曲。（thatheenjoyspopsongsverymuch.是主语从句，作真实主语）Itappears

thatTommightchangehismind.看来汤姆可能会改变主意。（

thatTommightchangehismind.是主语从句，作真实主语）5)

若这种句子是疑问形式，就只能用it作形式主语Doesitmattermuch

thattheywon’tcometomorrow?他们明天不来很重要吗？（thattheywon’tcometomorrow是真正主语）Isittrue

thathewillgoabroadnextweek?他下周出国是真的吗？（thathewillgoabroadnextweek是真正主语）6）It+takes+(sb.)+sometime+todosthIt