高级时事英语2

EnvironmentOurEnvironmentAttheendofthisunit,youshouldbeableto:InterpretmeaningfromcontextRequest/explainreasonsExpressfears/worriesCriticize/respondtocriticismSuggestsolutionsWarmupWhatdoyouthinkaboutthefollowingstatementabouttheenvironmentalchallengewearefacingnow?Weshouldbegoodguestsonearth,neithertoodemandingnordisturbingitsdelicatebalance.Weshouldallowittorenewitselfforthosewhoaretofollow.Whatdoes‘environment’meantoyouAllthecircumstances,people,things,andeventsaroundthemthatinfluencetheirlifeTheparticularsurroundingsinwhichtheyliveorexist,especiallyaregionthathasparticularland,sea,orweatherconditions.Thenaturalworldofland,sea,air,plantsandanimalsthatexistsaroundtownsandcities.Activity1Land,Sea,andAirTask1ClassifyingMarine:OforrelatingtotheseaInstitutionaladj.制度上的SocietalOforrelatingtothestructure,organization,orfunctioningofsociety.Climaticadj.气候上的OzonedepletionActivity1Land,Sea,andAirMalarian.疟疾,瘴气Agro-industrialresidue残余[渣]Pesticiden.杀虫剂Task2InterpretingTitlesFume1Toemitfumes.2Tofeelorshowresentmentorvexation.(pun)Activity1Land,Sea,andAirSquirreln.松鼠Beechwoodn.山毛榉ClutterTorunormovewithbustleandconfusion.Vessel船；Prowl.巡游Diminishingdiminishing逐渐缩小的CatchSomethingcaught:捕获物：Activity1Land,Sea,andAirTask3SelectingTitlesExtract1Snub-nosed鼻子扁平的,塌鼻的Periln.危险Seminarn.研究会,讨论发表会Hectaren.公顷（等于1万平方米）Primevalforestadj.原始的Activity1Land,Sea,andAirExtract2Sustained持续的;IntensifyTomakeintenseormoreintense:增强或加强：Extract3DominateTooverlookfromaheight:俯视DwarfTocausetoappearsmallbycomparison:

使显矮小通过比较使显得矮小：Activity1Land,Sea,andAirRugby拉格比市Cement水泥StackAgroupofchimneysarrangedtogether.一排烟囱排列在一起的一群烟囱Emissionairpollutionemission空气污染排放(物)DisputeToargueabout;debate.就…进行争论；辩论Activity1Land,Sea,andAirInhaleTodraw(airorsmoke,forexample)intothelungsbybreathing;inspire.吸入通过呼吸吸进（如空气或烟）肺内；吸气Coke焦（炭）Extract4MuggyWarmandextremelyhumid.湿热的温暖且十分潮湿的Activity1Land,Sea,andAirSwelterTosufferfromoppressiveheat.热得难受，中暑Nudge接近putonthealert(军队)处于戒备状态Home-brewed自家酿造的Extract5Luftwaffen.<德>(纳粹时代的)德国空军Activity2WasteInrecentyears,withthedevelopmentofoureconomymoreandmoreenvironmentalproblemshavearisen.Manyofushavenoticedthatpollutionofvariouskindsisaseriousprobleminoursociety.Task1yourexperienceofpollutionproblemsaroundyouAir,water,soilandnoisepollutionActivity2WasteTask2listeningpracticeWordsfromthetapescriptsRubbishdumpAdoreTolikeverymuch:Stallholdern.1.摊贩Returnableadj.可退回的ReservoirlitterActivity2WastePolythene[化]聚乙烯PurchasePolystyrenen.聚苯乙烯Syntheticadj.合成的,人造的,Biodegradableadj.生物所能分解的Decomposev.分解,(使)腐烂Activity3EcologicalDisasterTask1DistinguishingTypesofTextNATIONFACINGECOLOGICALDISASTERPre-readingactivityWhatkindsofecologicalproblemsdoyouthinkChinaisfacingnow?WordsandphrasesProportionate成比例的Symposiumn.讨论会,座谈会Waterway航道可航行之水体，如河流、海峡或运河potableFittodrink.StenchAstrong,foulodor;astink.ExcrementWastematerialSeweragen.排水设备,污水Ration定量配给China’secologicalproblemsareproportionatewiththecountry’sgiantsize.(theecologicalproblemsareveryseriousinChina.)TropicalrainforestAtropicalrainforestconsistsmainlyoftallbroad-leaved,evergreentrees.It’sawarm,wetplacewithnoseasons-justaconstantclimateofhightemperaturesandheavyrain.Theseconditionsproducehumiditywhichencouragessucharichvarietyofplantsandwildlifethatit’sthemostdiversehabitatintheworld.ClearingtherainforestTropicalrainforestsareunderthreatinmostpartsoftheworld.Hugeareasarecutdownfortimber,orclearedforhydro-electricdamprojectsandmining.Oncedevelopershavebuiltroadsintotheforests,settlersmoveintoclearmoreareasforfarmland.Largeclearingsaremadebyburningtrees,whichreleaseshugequantitiesofsmokeandcarbondioxide.ThisupsetsthedelicateClearingtherainforestBalanceoftheEarth’satmosphere,andleadstoglobalwarming—theso-calledgreenhouseeffect.Theforestcanre-establishitselfinsmallclearingsbutlargeonesareneverreclaimed.Whenwholeareashavebeencutdown,thelandbecomesarid,likeadesert.GreenhouseEffectFactories,farms,carsandmanyotherthingspumpgasesintotheair.SomeofthesetrapsomuchoftheSun’sheatthattheEarthiswarminguplikeagiantgreenhouse.Itiscausedbycertaingasesintheatmosphere,particularlycarbondioxide,whichactliketheglassinagreenhouse.Likeglass,thesegasesletthroughvisiblelightfromtheSun’sradiationtowarmtheGreenhouseEffectTheground.But,alsolikeglass,theytrapinvisibleinfra-redradiation(heat)fromtheEarththatwouldotherwiseescapebackintospace.Withoutthiseffect,Earthwouldbe30centigradecoderonaverage,andlifewouldbeimpossible.GreenhouseEffectNaturalsystemshavekeptlevelsofcarbondioxidesosteadythattheEarth’stemperaturehasnearlyalwaysbeenjustright.ButsincetheIndustrialRevolutionbegansome200yearsago,levelshavebeenrising.Over80%oftheextracarbondioxidecomesfromburningfossilfuels—oil,gasandcoal-inf