2023年材料专业英语必背词汇

Chapter1alloy合金brittle脆性旳ceramic陶瓷composite复合材料conductor?导体crystalline?晶态旳ductility（可）延（展）性，可锻性electronicandmagneticmaterial?电子和磁性材料element元素glass玻璃glass-ceramic玻璃陶瓷/微晶玻璃insulator绝缘体materialsscienceandengineering材料科学与工程materialsselection材料选择metallic金属旳noncrystalline非晶态旳nonmetallic非金属旳oxide氧化物periodictable周期表plastic塑性旳、塑料polymer聚合物property性能（质）refractory耐火材料、耐火旳semiconductor半导体silicon硅steel钢structuralmaterial构造材料wood木材Chapter7aluminumalloy铝合金grayiron灰口铁amorphousmetal无定形金属high-alloysteel高合金钢austeniticstainlesssteel奥氏体不锈钢carbonsteel碳钢impactenergy冲击能castiron铸铁coldworking冷作加工copperalloy铜合金magnesiumalloy镁合金creepcurve蠕变曲线malleableiron可锻铸铁ductileiron球墨铸铁plasticdeformation塑性变形elasticdeformation弹性变形preciousmetal贵金属engineeringstress工程应力precipitation沉淀fatiguecurve疲劳曲线refractory?metal耐火（高温）金属solutionhardening固溶强化steel钢whiteiron白铁，白口铁superalloy超合金wroughtalloy可锻（铸造、轧制）合金tensilestrength拉伸强度yieldpoint屈服点titaniumalloy钛合金yieldstrength屈服强度toolsteel工具钢toughness韧性zincalloy锌合金Chapter8annealingpoint退火点linearcoefficientofthermalexpansion线性热膨胀系数refractory耐火材料expansion膨胀silicate硅酸盐brittlefracture脆性断裂magneticceramic磁性陶瓷clay粘土meltingrange熔化（温度）范围color颜色creep蠕变electronicceramic电子陶瓷thermalconductivity热传导率nucleate成（形）核opticalproperty光学性质transparency透明glass玻璃viscosity粘度viscousdeformation粘性变形pureoxide纯氧化物intermediate中间体/中间旳Chapter9Chapter10admixture外加剂metal-matrixcomposite金属基复合材料particulatecomposite颗粒复合材料polymer-matrixcomposite聚合物基复合材料anisotropic各向异性cement水泥ceramic-matrixcomposite陶瓷基复合材料concrete混凝土isotropic各向同性specificstrength比强度wood木材matrix基质（体）restriction限制（定）elongate拉长（旳）/延伸（旳）chop切utility效用，实用，功用epoxy环氧树脂requisite必需旳dramatic生动旳vertically竖直地，直立地dimension尺寸specify详细阐明inspection检查，视察interstice空隙，裂缝identify认识，鉴定，确定consistentwith与?一致emphasis强调，重点，重要性elementary基本旳reverse相反旳bound程度deflect偏转appreciation对旳评价，鉴别offset弥补，抵消，偏移assembly装配，组装，总成Chapter11ceramic陶瓷energyband能带polymer聚合物conductionband导带resistivity电阻率conductor导体resistance电阻current电流freeelectron自由电子glass玻璃semiconductor半导体insulator绝缘体superconductor超导体metal金属electricalfieldstrength电场强度thermocouple热（电）偶electron电子voltage电压spacing间隔（距）abstract抽象drift漂移hypothetical假（设）定旳extension扩展（充）nature自然状态conductiveto有助（益）旳inability无能（力）attributeto归结于agitation扰动ultimately最终（终）于ambient周围旳（环境）accountfor解释，占多少比例breakdown瓦解，击穿polarization极化crystallographic晶体旳，晶体学旳exaggerate夸张（大）induce诱导constrain强迫，克制，约束ensuring保证，保证transmitter变送器，发射机Chapter12impurity杂质p-typesemiconductor?p型半导体charge电荷exhaustionrange耗尽区chargedensity电荷密度collector集电极transistor晶体管conductivity传导率dominate支配，占优势ambient周围（环境）旳phosphorus磷polarization极化excess过量旳，额外旳，附加旳Chapter13eddycurrent涡流induction感应（诱导）ferrite铁氧体，铁素体domainstructure畴构造ferromagnetism铁磁性metallicmagnet金属磁体magneticmoment磁矩permeability导磁性（率）magnetism磁性t