2022湖南省衡阳市 市第二十中学高三英语上学期期末试题含解析

2022湖南省衡阳市市第二十中学高三英语上学期期末试题含解析一、选择题1.ThisisSpringvacation,soIwantto_________fromhousework—atleastforawhile.A.comeout

B.stayup

C.turnoff

D.get

away参考答案：D2.--Doyouhaveenoughto____allyourdailyexpenses?

---Oh,yes,enoughandtospare.

A.contain

B.afford

C.cover

D.include参考答案：C略3.Susanwasbusywhenwewenttoseeheryesterdaymorning.She______someguestsfromAustralia.A.received B.wasreceiving C.hadreceived D.hasbeenreceiving参考答案：B4.Theprojectistoeducateteensontherulesofsafedrivingandthesevere____thatcanresultifthoserulesarenotfollowed．

A．contribution

B．outcome

C．consequence

D．punishment参考答案：C5.-Frequentlackofbreakfastdoesharmtohealth.-________,whydoyoualwaysdothat?A.Sowhat B.Ifso C.Ifany D.Evenso参考答案：BB考查情景交际。句意：—经常不吃早餐对身体有害。—如果是这样的话，那你为什么总不吃早餐呢？故选B。sowhat“那又怎样”；ifany“若有的话，即便要”；evenso“即使如此”。6..Itwasnotwhoisrightbutwhatisright_______isofimportance.

A.which

B.it

C.that

D.this参考答案：C略7.Beingawareofthe

ofthedisaster,somefamousstarsorganizedacharityconserttoraisemoneyforthevictims.A.importance

B.severity

C.influence

D.effect参考答案：B8.

Recently,asurvey_____pricesofthesamegoodsintwodifferentsupermarketshascausedheateddebateamongcitizens.A.compared

B.comparing

C.compares

D.beingcompared参考答案：B9.Notuntil___onTV___thattheChinesewasrescuedbytheEuropeanUnionTaskForce.A.didIturn;didIknow

B.didIturn;IknewC.Iturned;didIknow

D.Iturned;Ihadknow参考答案：C10.—We’dbettergodownstairsrightnowforlunch．

—____Theyservefood24hoursaday．

A.Hurryup!

B.Takeyourtime．

C.Itdoesn’tmatter.

D.Noway!参考答案：B略11.Ifyou____carrywithyouthebeliefthatwhateveryoudoisright,it’snoneofmybusiness．A．should

B．can

C．may

D．must参考答案：D12.BarackObamahastakenpersonalblame_______thesecurityfailureswhichled________theattempttoblowupaplaneonChrismasDay.A.of;to

B.for;to

C.on;on

D.in;on参考答案：B略

-----Doyouhaveaminute?I’vegotsomethingtotellyou.

-----Ok,______youmakeitshort.

A.nowthat

B.ifonly

C.solongas

D.everytime参考答案：C。解析：本题考查引导状语从句的连接词。四个连接词的词义分别是nowthat既然；ifonly要是……多好；solongas只要；everytime每次，每当。题意为“—你有一会空吗？我有点事告诉你。—可以，只要简而言之。14.InFrance,______yougo,youwillalwaysseeagentlemanholdsadoorforalady.

A.however

B.whoever

C.wherever

D.whichever参考答案：C15.Don’tbe_______byproductspromisingtomakeyouloseweightquickly.A.takenoff B.takenoutC.takenaway D.takenin参考答案：D【详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：不要被那些承诺能让你快速减肥的产品所欺骗。takein意为“欺骗”,表示“不要受许诺很快减肥的产品的欺骗”。takeoff意为“拿掉,取消,脱衣”；takeout意为“拿出,取出,去掉,出发”；takeaway意为“取走”。根据题意，故选D。16.Surelyitdoesn’tmatterwherethestudentassociationgettheirmoneyfrom,what___iswhattheydowithit.

A.counts

B.applies

C.stresses

D.function参考答案：A17.TheBrownsheld_____theycalled“familyday”onceayear.A.that

B.what

C.which

D.when参考答案：B18._______hehasmadeadecision,itisnoteasyforyoutomakehimchangehismind.A.Though

B.Unless

C.Once

D.Until参考答案：C二、完型填空19.NowU.S.researchershaveidentifiedanewwaytotreatpeopleinfectedwithtuberculosis(肺结核)beforetheygetsick.Tuberculosisisoneoftheworld’smost___41___healththreats.TheWorldHealthOrganizationsaystuberculosiskillsnearlytwomillionpeopleeachyear.Anothertwobillionare___42___:theyareinfected,butdon’thavesymptomsofthedisease.Thoseathighestriskcantakemedicine,butVanderbiltUniversityresearcherTimothySterlingsaysnoteveryone___43___withthetreatment,whichisadailydoseofisoniazid(异烟肼，抗结核药)forninemonths.Soalthoughthemedicationishighlyeffectiveifpeopletakealloftheirmedication,manypeopledonottakealltheirmedicationandthereforetheeffectivenessofthetreatmentplanis___44___.Asa(n)___45___,Sterlingandhiscolleagues___46___isoniazidwithanotherdrug,rifapentine(利福喷汀).Thecombinationwastakenweekly,notdaily,forjustthreemonths.Andtheresultsofthisstudyshowedthatthenewtreatmentplan----thethreemonthsofisoniazidandrifapentine----wasaseffectiveasthenine–monthisoniazidtreatmentplan.___47___,theshort-course,three-monthtreatmentplanhadhighertreatmentcompletionratesandwasalsowell___48___.Therewassomeotherdifference.Thetwo-drug,combinationtreatmentwasadministeredasdirectly___49___therapy.Thatmeansthepatientstooktheirmedicineinthepresenceofahealthcareworker,toensurethattheyfollowedthetreatmentplan.Thiswasalargestudy,involving7,500participantsinNorthAmerica,Spain,andBrazil.Sterling___50___thatmostofthepeopleinthisstudywereHIV-negative.Theresultsmightbe___51___forHIV-positivepeople.ArecentstudyinSouthAfricaindicatedthatthecombinationtherapyworkswellinpeopleinfectedwithHIVaswellastuberculosis,butthestudywastoosmalltobe___52___.TimothySterling’sresearch,publishedinTheNewEnglandJournalofMedicine,hasbeen___53___bytheU.S.CentersforDiseaseControlandPrevention,theCDC.Thegovernmenthealthagencyrecommendsthe12-doseweeklycombinationtreatmentasanequalalternativetothe270–dosedailytreatmentplanthathasbeenthe___54___therapy.Butbecauseofpossible___55___issues,theCDCstillrecommendsthedailytreatmentplanforHIV–positivepatientswhoaretakingantiretroviraldrugsorwomenwhoarepregnant.Alsobecauseofalackofdata,theCDCsayschildrenunderage12shouldstaywiththenine-monthdailytreatment.41.A.public B.persistent C.predictable D.mild42.A.outofcontrol B.beyondexpectation C.withouthope D.underthreat43.A.putup B.followthrough C.getalong D.comeup44.A.decreased B.maximized C.measured D.enhanced45.A.supplement B.substitute C.promotion D.alternative46.A.mixed B.replaced C.associated D.connected47.A.Asaresult B.Inaddition C.Infact D.Forinstance48.A.imposed B.tolerated C.cultivated D.infected49.A.isolated B.implemented C.observed D.required50.A.argues B.suggests C.commands D.warns51.A.inevitable B.negative C.distinct D.indirect52.A.definite B.desired C.logical D.detailed53.A.conducted B.proved C.demonstrated D.approved54.A.similar B.unique C.standard D.peculiar55.A.personal B.crucial C.age D.safety参考答案：41.B

42.D

43.B

44.A

45.D

46.A

47.C

48.B

49.C

50.D

51.C

52.A

53.D

54.C

55.D本文属于新闻，介绍结核病是世界上最严重的疾病之一，但是研究人员发现了新的混合疗法用于肺结核疾病的治疗，效果更佳，但是仍不完善，对于HIV呈阳性的病人治疗时，政府机构持谨慎态度。【41题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：肺结核是世界上最持久的健康威胁之一。A.public公共的；B.persistent固定的，持久的；C.predictable可预测的；D.mild温和的。根据后文TheWorldHealthOrganizationsaystuberculosiskillsnearlytwomillionpeopleeachyear可知，每年有大约200万人死于肺结核，故可知该病最持久，故选B。【42题详解】考查介词词义辨析。句意：还有二十亿人遭受肺结核病的威胁，没有任何症状。A.outofcontrol摆脱控制；B.beyondexpectation超出期望；C.withouthope没有希望；D.underthreat遭受威胁。根据后文没有任何症状可知，遭受威胁，故选D。【43题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：有更高风险患肺结核的人可以服药，但是VanderbiltUniversity研究人员TimothySterling说不是每个人完成这个治疗，需要连续服药异烟肼九个月。A.putup忍受；B.followthrough坚持到底；C.getalong处理；D.comeup提出。根据后文可知，需要服药九个月，故可知很难坚持到底，故选B。【44题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此治疗的有效性会降低。A.decreased减少，降低；B.maximized最大化；C.measured测量；D.enhanced提升。根据前文manypeopledonottakealltheirmedication可知，很多人无法服用他们的药，可知效果降低，故选A。【45题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：作为一种替代性药品，Sterling和他的同事把异烟肼与利福喷汀混合。A.supplement补充；B.substitute代替者；C.promotion促进；D.alternative替代性用品。根据文章可知，做成一种新药替代之前的药品，故选D。【46题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：作为一种替代性药品，Sterling和他的同事把异烟肼与利福喷汀混合。A.mixed混合；B.replaced代替；C.associated联系；D.connected连接。根据文章可知，把两种药相结合，故选A。【47题详解】考查介词词义辨析。句意：事实上，短期疗程，三个月的治疗在治疗过程中完成率更高，更容易被患者接受。A.Asaresult因此；B.Inaddition另外；C.Infact事实上；D.Forinstance例如。根据前后句可知，本句讲述短期疗程的好处，故选C。【48题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：事实上，短期疗程，三个月的治疗在治疗过程中完成率更高，更容易被患者接受。A.imposed强加，利用；B.tolerated容忍；C.cultivated培养；D.infected感染。根据前文highertreatmentcompletionrates更高的治疗完成率可知，更容易被患者接受，故选B。【49题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这两种药物结合疗治是通过直接观察的疗法进行的。A.isolated孤立的；B.implemented落实的；C.observed观察的；D.required要求的。根据后文Thatmeansthepatientstooktheirmedicineinthepresenceofahealthcareworker可知，病人当着医护人员的面服药，故选C。【50题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Sterling警告说这份研究中的大多数人都是HIV呈阴性。A.argues争论；B.suggests建议；C.commands要求；D.warns警告。根据后文可知，研究人员研究的对象没有感染HIV，因而对感染HIV的患者意义不一样，故选D。【51题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这个结果可能对HIV呈阳性的患者不同。A.inevitable无法避免的；B.negative消极的，阴性的；C.distinct明显的，不同的；D.indirect间接的。根据后文ArecentstudyinSouthAfricaindicatedthatthecombinationtherapyworkswellinpeopleinfectedwithHIVaswellastuberculosis可知，研究发现，混合疗法对患有HIV和肺结核病人的效果很好，故选C。【52题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是这个研究样本太小而不能确定。A.definite明确的；B.desired渴望的；C.logical

逻辑的；D.detailed详细的。根据文章可知，样本太小，不够明显，故选A。【53题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：TimothySterling的研究发表在新英格兰医学杂志上，受到美国疾病控制和预防中心的支持和认可。A.conducted实施；B.proved证明；C.demonstrated证明；D.approved同意，认可。根据后文Thegovernmenthealthagencyrecommendsthe12-doseweeklycombinationtreatmentasanequalalternativetothe270–dosedailytreatmentplan可知CDC采用了混合疗法，故选D。【54题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：政府医疗机构推荐每周12剂量的混合疗法作为对每天270剂量的标准疗法的替代性疗法。A.similar相似的；B.unique唯一的；C.standard

标准的；D.peculiar特殊的。根据文章可知，新疗法是标准疗法的替代性疗法，故选C。【55题详解】考查形容词和名词词义辨析。句意：因为可能出现安全问题，CDC对HIV呈阳性且正在服用抗转录病毒药以及孕妇依然推荐日常疗法。A.personal个人的；B.crucial关键的；C.age年龄；D.safety安全。分析句子可知，此做法是为了安全，故选D。

20.Myearliestbeeexperiencetookplaceatasummercamp.Onedayourteachertoldustoheadupthehillnearby.Weallbegantoraceourdestination.Thegirlstooktheconcrete(混凝土的)

41

,buttheboysranstraight

upthegrassyhill,atthetopofwhichsatalongwoodenfence.Without

42

theboysaheadofmejumpedoverthefencebravely.WhatshouldIdo?Takethestairsand

43

agirl,orjumpthefenceandlook___44

_?ThenItookmychancewiththefence.Iplacedboth

45

onthetopandjumped,feelinguneasy.Ididn’t

46

it.AsItried,myfoot

47

_onthetopofthefence.DownIwent!Ilandedonmybackside.Itriedto

48

offtheaccident,butthenIfeltsomethingmoving

49

me.JustthenIsawwhatseemedlikehundredsofbees50

towardme.Ihadlandedonabeehive(蜂巢)!I

51

upandrushedasfastasIcould.Butthebeesflewfaster.Whata(n)

52

situationIwasin!Myclotheswerecoveredwith

53

.Iparked

54

inthecampandIwasataloss.Atthis,myteacherquicklytook

55

allmyclothesbutunderwear.Beesflewoutofmyclothesand

56

outofmymouth!Ihadgainedthe

57

ofallthecampers,butIdidn’tfeelcool.Ihadbeen

58

almost40beesstings(蛰)allovermybody.Ilearnedamost__59

_lessonthatday.Whenweareledbythe_

60

_toshowoff,wemightfindourselvessittingonabeehive.41.A.stairs B.floors C.road D.land42.A.fear B.fun

C.help

D.luck43.A.lookafter

B.looklike

C.careabout

D.waitfor44.A.excited

B.worried

C.strong

D.cool45.A.hands

B.feet

C.arms

D.legs

46.A.do

B.climb

C.make

D.succeed47.A.arrived

B.got

C.caught

D.stepped48.A.fall

B.laugh

C.put

D.take49.A.above

B.beside

C.for

D.under50.A.driving

B.flying

C.shooting

D.running51.A.sat

B.put

C.picked

D.jumped52.A.difficult

B.hopeless

C.embarrassing

D.pleasing53.A.bees

B.grass

C.dust

D.tears54.A.itself

B.myself

C.herself

D.himself55.A.off

B.on

C.In

D.up56.A.almost

B.again

C.even

D.still57.A.attention

B.experience

C.knowledge

D.respect58.A.got

B.given

C.found

D.put59.A.successful

B.deepest

C.difficult

D.valuable60.A.courage

B.desire

C.goal

D.teacher参考答案：41-45.AABDA

46-50.CCBDB

51-55.DCABA

56-60.CABDB【文章大意】本文是一篇小故事。作者和同学们参加夏令营，为了炫耀，男孩子全部从山坡上爬上山，女孩子则从台阶走上去，作者犹豫再三最终从山坡爬上去，结果在翻越篱笆时摔在了蜂窝上，最后弄得非常尴尬。41.A

根据下文＂Takethestairs…orjumpthefence＂可知有两种选择：从台阶上走上去，或翻越篱笆过去，此处是说女孩们都从混凝土台阶上去，故选A。42.A

根据后面bravely一词，可知在我前面的男孩们毫不害怕地翻过了篱笆，故选A。43.B

lookafter照顾；looklike看起来像；careabout

关心；waitfor等待；根据语境可知此处应表示＂看起来像个女生似的走台阶上去＂，故选B。44.D

像女孩儿似的走台阶，还是跳过篱笆看起来非常酷？故选D。45.A

根据常识可知我把双手放在篱笆上，然后跳。故选A。46.C

makeit成功。根据后文可知我没有成功，故选C。47.C

caught

on卡在……上。根据句意可知我的脚卡在了篱笆上。故选C。48.B

laughoff一笑了之

。根据句意可知我想对这个意外一笑了之。故选B。49.D

根据上文可知我背部朝下摔了下去，所以此处应为在我的下面有东西在动，故选D。50.B

driving

驾驶；flying

飞；shooting射击；running跑；就在这时，我看到数百只蜜蜂朝我飞过来，故选B。51.D

sat

坐；put放；picked

捡；jumped；根据常识作者躺在了蜂巢上，应立即跳起来赶紧跑，故选D。52.C

difficult

困难的；hopeless

失望的；embarrassing

令人尴尬的；pleasing令人高兴的；根据常识可知这是一件令人尴尬的事。故选C。53.A

根据上文可知作者被蜜蜂追，所以衣服上应满是蜜蜂。故A正确。54.B

根据句意可知作者在帐篷里停了下来（不再跑了），故选B。55.A

takeoff脱下衣服，句意：老师快速脱下了我的衣服，故选A。56.C

almost

几乎；again

再一次；even甚至；still仍然；此处表达程度，蜜蜂甚至从我嘴里飞出去，故选C。三、阅读理解21.

BaekelandandHartmannreportthatthe"shortsleepers"

hadbeenmoreorlessaveragein

theirsleepneedsuntilthemenwereintheirteens.Butataboutage150rso,themenvoluntarily

begancuttingdowntheirnightlysleeptimebecauseofpressuresfromschool,work,andother

activities.Thesementendedtoregardtheirnightlyperiodsofunconsciousnessasbothersomeinterruptionsintheirdailyroutines.

Ingeneral,these"shortsleepers"appearedambitious,active,energeticandcheerful.They

stucktotheiropinions,andwereverysureabouttheirjobchoices..Theyoftenheldseveraljobsat

once,orworkedfull-orpart-timewhilegoingtoschool.Andmanyofthemhadastrongurgetoappear"normal"

or"acceptable"

totheirfriendsandcolleagues.

Whenaskedtoremembertheirdreams,

the"shortsleepers"

didpoorly.Morethanthis,

theyseemedtoprefernotremembering.Similarly,theirusualwayofdealingwithpsychologicalproblemswasnottoadmitthattheproblemexisted,andthentokeepbusyinthehopethatthetroublewouldgoaway.

Thesleeppatternsofthe"shortsleepers"

weresimilarto,

butlessextremethan,

sleeppatternsshownbymanymentalpatientscategorizedasmanic

(躁狂者).

The"longsleepers"werequitedifferentindeed.BaekelandandHanmannreportthattheseyoungmenhavebeenl