高中名词性从句讲解及练习

精选文档精选文档名词性从句主语从句，表语从句，宾语从句和同位语从句在复合句中的作用相当于名词，因此这四种从何统称为名词性从何。这四种从何与主句间不用逗号。名词性从句连接词的选用可分为三类：that在名词性从句中只起连接作用，不充当成分，也没有实际意义。Thathewillcomeiscertain.Ithinkthathe’llbeallrightinafewdays.ThefactisthatIhaveneverbeenthere.Thefactthatshehadnotsaidanythingsurprisedallofus.whether/if在名词性从句中有“是否”之意，但不充当成分。附Whether/if区分：在宾语从句中可互换，但介词和 discuss后的宾语从句用whether;其它名词性从句用whether；可以说whethertodo但不能说iftodo;可说whether/if ornot,whetherornot,不能说ifornot.Whethershe’scomingornotdoesn’tmattertoomuch.Iwonderwhether/ifitistrue.Thequestioniswhetheritisworthdoing.Theyaskedmethequestionwhethertheworkwasworthdoing.Idon’tknowwhetherornottheywillcome.（不能用ifornot）Idon’t’knowif/whethertheywillcomeornot.另外别忘了if可引导条件状语从句。试比较：Pleaseletmeknowifyouwanttogo.Pleaseletmeknowwhetheryouwanttogo.其它连接词的选用遵循：“缺什么，补什么”的原则。缺状语，补连接副词where,when,why,how;缺主语，宾语，表语，定语，补连接代词：who,whom,what,which,whose.Whereshehasgoneisnotknownyet.Whyhediditwasn’tquiteclear.Howhebecameagreatscientistisknowntousall.Idon’tknowwherewearegoingtohavethemeeting.Pleasetellmewhenweshalldiscussourworkplan.Thisiswhyheislate.Ihavenoideawhenhewillcomeback.Ireallydon’tknowwhatheisdoing.Whichsidewillwinisnotclear.Thatiswhatheisworriedabout.Doyouknowwho/whomtheyarewaitingfor.Heaskedwhosedictionaryitwas.名词性从句应该注意的。名词性从句用陈述语序。注意whatisthematterwith 被看作陈述语序。如：Doyouknowwhatisthematterwithhim?不能用Doyouknowwhatthematteriswithhim?同位语从句和定语从句的区分：同位语从句对其前边的名词起解释补充说明,可译为“既;那就是”;定语从句对先行词起修饰限制作用译为“一的"；that引导的定语从句在从句中要充当成分，作宾语，表语可省略 ;而that引导的同位语从句只起引导作用,不充当成分 ,不能省略.Thesuggestion(that)ourteachergaveussoundsOK.ThesuggestionthatweshouldarrangeourtimescientificallysoundsOK.Thenews(that)youheardisnottrue.ThenewsthatLincolnwasmurderedatatheatreistrue.Thefactthatyoupointedoutmademeinterested.Thefactthattherearenolivesonthemoonisknowntousall.名词性从句中的what可改为定语从句thething(s)/person(s)that;whatever可改为anythingthat,whoever可改为anyonewhoTheyarecarefulaboutwhattheyeat.=Theyarecarefulaboutthethingsthattheyeat.Heisnotwhatheusedtobe.=Heisnottheonethatheusedtobe.HewouldbelievewhateverIsaid.=HewouldbelieveanythingthatIsaid.Whoeverleavestheroomlastshouldturnoffthelight.=Anyonewholeavestheroomlastshouldturnoffthelight.wh-ever和nomatterwh-区分：引导让步状语从句，wh-ever可换为nomatterwh-,引导名词性从句则不能。如：WhateverIsaid,hewouldn’tlistentome.=NomatterwhatIsaid,hewouldn’tlistentome.名词性从句中that的省略：宾语从句中的that可以省略，但并列的宾语从句只有第一个从句的that可以省略，第二个从句和第二个以后的that不能省；it作形式宾语的宾语从句that不能省;介词后的宾语从句的that不能省；表语从句中的that和it作形式主语的主语从句的that在口语中偶有省略。同位语从句中的that不能省略。reason或cause作主语以及why引导的主语从句作主语，其后的表语从何连接词不用because,常用that,而且since和as不能引导表语从句。Whyfarmlandhereisbeinglostisthatfarmershavecutdowntoomanytreesinrecentyears.Thereasonforhisbeingabsencefromtheconferencewasthathewasdelayedbytheaccident.宾语从句：be+sure/certain/glad/pleased/satisfied/surprised 等也可接宾语从句。I’mnotsurewhatIshoulddo.I’mafraidyoudon’tunderstandwhatIsaid.宾语从句否定的转移：主句的主语是一人称，谓语是think、believe、suppose、expect、imagine等，对从句的否定习惯上要转移到主句上，并且其反义疑问句要和从句保持一致。Idon’tthinkyouareright,areyou?Idon’tbelievetheyhavefinishedtheirworkyet,havethey?宾语从句后有宾语补足语要用it作形式宾语。Hehasmadeitclearthathewillnotgivein.注意it作形式主语的主语从句和强调句的区分。练习Marywroteanarticleon theteamhadfailedtowinthegame.A.whyB.whatC.who D.thatAssoonashecomesback,I ’lltellhimwhen andseehim.A.youwillcomeB.willyoucomeC.youcomeD.doyoucome intheregulationsthatyoushouldnottellotherpeoplethepasswordofyouremailaccount.A.WhatisrequiredB.WhatrequiresC.ItisrequiredD.ItrequiresElephantshavetheirownwaytotelltheshapeofanobjectand itisroughorsmooth.A./B.whetherC.howD.whichIwassurprisedbyherwords,whichmademerecognize sillymistakesIhadmade.A.whatB.thatC.howD.whichIlike intheautumnwhentheweatherisclearandbright.A.thisB.thatC.itD.oneYouaresayingthateveryoneshouldbeequal,andthisis Idisagree.A.whyB.whereC.whatD.howAmoderncityhasbeensetupin wasawastelandtenyearsago.A.what B.which C.that D.whereAstorygoesElizabethIofEnglandlikednothingmorethanbeingsurroundedbycleverandqualifiednoblemenatcourt.A.whenB.whereC.whatD.thatTheotherday,mybrotherdrovehiscardownthestreetat Ithoughtwasadangerousspeed.A.asB.whichC.whatD.thatAlongwiththeletterwashispromise hewouldvisitmethiscomingChristmas.A.whichB.thatC.whatD.whetherItisprettywellunderstood controlstheflowofcarbondioxideinandouttheatmospheretoday.A.thatB.whenC.what.Dhow-Areyoustillthinkingaboutyesterday 'sgame?--Oh,that ’s .A.whatmakesmefeelexcitedB.whateverIfeelexcitedaboutC.howIfeelaboutitD.whenIfeelexcited madetheschoolproudwas morethan90percentofthestudentshadbeenadmittedtokeyuniversities.A.What;becauseB.What;thatC.That;whatD.That;becauseWhenyouanswerquestionsinajobinterview,pleaserememberthegoldenrule:Alwaysgivethemonkeyexactly hewants.A.whatB.whichC.whenD.thatThere’safeelinginme we’llneverknowwhataUFOis.A.thatB.whichC.ofwhichD.whenI’lltellthem cametoseethemlastMonday.A.whoeverB.whomeverC.nomatterwhoD.whoTheyarejustcollegegraduatesanddon’trealize tostartandrunacompany.A.whattakesitB.whattheytakeC.whattakesthemD.whatittakesHisincometodayisdouble itwasfiveyearsago.A.thatB.whichC.whatD.asWhenitwasclear shedidnotspeakawordofEnglish,ItriedtotalktoherusingtheSpanishIlearnedwhilelivinginEurope.A.whatB.thatC.whyD.howAfter seemedanendlesswait,itwashisturntohavetheinterview.A.thatB.itC.what.DallAllthepeoplearoundtheworldhavethesamesimpledream theywillalwaysliveinpeaceandcomfort.A.thatB.whichC.whereD.when wordsIusecannotexpressmyappreciationofyourtimelyhelp.A.WhateverB.HowmanyC.NomatterwhatD.Whichever一Doesitmattermuchthesalesmanagerwon'tattendthemeetingtomorrow?--I ’venoidea.A.ifB.whatC.whenD.thatEnergyis makesthingswork.A.whatB.somethingC.anythingD.thatThemanagercameoverandaskedthecustomerhow .A.didthequarrelcameoutB.thequarrelhadcomeaboutC.thequarrelhascomeaboutD.hadthequarrelcomeaboutDavelosthisjobandwasshortofmoney,so hisflatandmoveinwithhisbrother.A.thathedidwastosellB.whathedidwassellC.whathedidsoldD.whathedidwassellWordcame agroupofNewZealandguestswillcometovisitourschoolnextTuesday.A.thatB.whichC./D.aboutwhichTheyhavenoideaatall .A.whatheisworkingonB.whatisheworkingonC.whatdidheworkonD.whatheisworking-Irangyouataboutnine,buttherewasnoreply.--Oh,thatwasprobably Iwasseeingthedoctor.A.whyB.when.CwhatD.that DavidsayssoundsrighttoHelen.That’swhyshehasmadeuphermindnottoleavehim happens.A.Whatever;whateverB.Nomatterwhat;whateverC.Nomatterwhat;nomatterwhatD.Whatever;however isBritainnowusedtobethreedifferentcountriesandovermanyyearsthethreecountriesbecameone.A.ItB.WhatC.WhereD.AsThereisacommonbeliefamongthem rubbishcanandshouldbeputtogooduse.A.whichB.ifC.whetherD.that-Wouldyoutellmeyouwantyourtea,withsugarormilk?--Sugar,please.A.whetherB.whenC.whatD.how-Whataboutyourhistorytest?--I ’veansweredallthequestions,butI’mnotsure I’vegotthemallright.A.whatB.howC.whetherD.why surprisedmemostwas suchalittleboycouldplayfootballsowell.A.What;thatB.That;whatC.What;whetherD.That;why37.Heis knownasahacker---helikesshowingoffontheInternetandattackwebsitesA.whoB.whatC.thatD.themanThatwas wasknown “thetheoryofrelativity”.A.what;likeB.what;asC.which;likeD.which;as theworkersinsistedonwasthatthey moretimetodoit.A.That;mustbegivenB.What;shouldbegivenC.Whether;wouldbegivenD.Which;weregivenThereason shegavefornotbeingpresentwas theheavysnowpreventedhercoming.A./;because B.why;becauseC./;thatD. why;whetherI’msatisfied shouldbedonehasalreadybeendone.A.withwhatB.thatwhatC.bywhatD.thatMyhometownisnot itusedto tenyearsago.A.when;doB.what;doC.when;beD.what;beThereason Ihavetogois mymotherisillinbed.A.why;whyB.why;becauseC.why;thatD.that;becauseHissuggestion toseetheartexhibition everyoneofus.A.thatwego;interestedB.whichweshouldgo;interestedC.thatwewouldgo;interestD.wewouldgo;beinterestedinHeoftenthinksof hecandomoreforhiscountry.A.whatB.howC.thatD.whichHegotangrywith wasagainsthisopinion.A.whomB.whoC.whoeverD.anyoneIdon’tknow .A.whatwasthematteroutsideB.whatthematteroutsidewasC.whatwashappenedoutsideD.whathadhappenedoutsideHehascome,butIdidn’tknowthathe untilyesterday.A.iscomingB.willcomeC.wascomingD.wasn ’tcomingHeasked fortheviolin.A.didIpayhowmuchB.IpaidhowmuchC.howmuchdidIpayD.howmuchIpaidYouhavenoidea thosedays.A.thatwewerehowbusyBhowbusywereweC.thathowwewerebusyD.howbusywewereJackwassoontold hedidwasnotnecessary.A.why B.that C.how D.whywhatIt’swellknown apersoneatscauseschangesinthebody.A.that Bwhat C.howD.thatwhat,whenandhowSomeoneisringingthedoorbell.Goandsee .A.whoisheB.whoheisC.whoisitD.whoitis shecouldn’tunderstandwas fewerandfewerstudentsshowedinterestinherlesson.A.What;whyB.That;whatC.What;becauseD.Why;thatLittleTommywasreluctanttotelltheschoolmaster hehaddonethedaybefore.A.that B.how C.where D.what youdon’tlikehimisnoneofmybusiness.A.What B.Who C.That D.WhetherWhatthedoctorsreallydoubtis mymotherwillrecoverfromtheseriousdiseasesoon.A.whenB.howC.whetherD.why isnopossibility Bobcanwinthefirstprizeinthematch.A.There;thatB.It;thatC.There;whetherD.It;whetherThesewildflowersaresospecialthatIwoulddo Icantosavethem.A.whateverB.thatC.whichD.whichever leavestheroomlastoughttoturnoffthelights.A.AnyoneB.ThepersonC.WhoeverD.WhoIrememberthisusedtobeaquietvillage.A.whenB.howC.whereD.whatGoandgetyourcoat.It'syouleftit.A.thereB.whereC.therewhereD.wherethere---1drovetoZhuhaifortheairshowlastweek.---Isthatyouhadafewdaysoff?A.whyB.whenC.whatD.whereTheyhavenoideaatall.A.wherehehasgoneB.wheredidhegoC.whichplacehashegoneD.wherehashegoneNoonecanbesureinamillionyears.A.whatmanwilllooklikeB.whatwillmanlooklikeC.manwilllooklikewhatD.whatlookwillmanlike66.isafactthatEnglishisbeingacceptedasaninternationallanguage.A.ThereB.ThisC.ThatD.It _---1thinkit'sgoingtobeabigproblem.---Yes,itcouldbe.---1wonderwecandoaboutit.A.ifB.howC.whatD.thatPerseveranceisakindofqualityandthat 'sittakestodoanythingwell.A.whatB.thatC.whichD.whybesenttoworkthere?A.WhodoyousuggestB.WhodoyousuggestthatshouldC.DoyousuggestwhoshouldD.DoyousuggestwhomshouldEatcakeyoulikeandleavetheothersforcomesinlate.A.any;who B.every;whoeverC.whichever;whoeverD.either;whoeverThereisanewprobleminvolvedinthepopularityofprivatecarsroadconditionneed.A.上hat;tobeimproved B.which;tobeimprovedC.where;improvingD.when;improvingSomeofthescientistsheldthepoint thebooksaidwasright.A.whatwhatB.whatthatC.thatthatD.thatwhatWhetherwayswillbefoundtostoppollutionornotisjustworriesthepublic.A.whyB.whichC.thatD.whatThereislittledoubtheradviceisofgreatervaluetous.A.that B.whetherC.whyD.ofWecan’tbelievethathedrewsuchabigconclusionaccordingto hetookforgranted.A.asB.thatC.whatD.it wearedoinghasneverbeendonebefore.A.ThatB.WhatC.WhichD.WhetherTheboydivedintothewaterandafter seemedtobealongtime,hecameupagain.A.whatB.thatC.itD.whichThethought LaoGaowouldopenaSichuanrestaurantinLosAngelessurprisedhiswife.A.thatB. whatC.whetherD.ifPleasetellme youwantyourcoffee,blackorwhite?A.whatB.whenC.whetherD.how wecanpassthecomingexaminationwillmainlydependon welearnand welearnit.A.Whether;what;howB.That;whether;whyC.If;how;thatD.Why;that;how peoplespendsomuchmoneyontheirpets usalot.A.That;surprises B.What;surprisingC.How;aresurprisedD.That;issurprisedWebelieve youhavebeendevotedto naturallyofgreatnecessity.A.That;beingB.allthat;beC.thatall;areD .what;isAlthoughmostofthemhavenodoubt hewillpasstheexam,Istillthinkthereissomethingabout hehasreallygoteverythingready.A.whether;thatB.that;whetherC.that;thatD.whether;whetherIsthisbook youboughtyesterday?A.thatB.whenC.theonewhatD.theoneIsthisthebook youboughtyesterday?A.whatB.theoneC.oneD.thatIreadaboutitinsomebookorother.Doesitmatter itwas?A.whereB.whatC.howD.which wecan’tgetseemsbetterthan wehave.A.What;whatB.What;thatC.That;thatD.That;whatSarahhopestobecomeafriendof sharesherinterests.A.anyoneB.whomeverC.whoeverD.nomatterwho muchadviceIgavehim,hedidexactlywhathewantedtodo.A.HowB.WhateverC.HoweverD.NomatterItworriedherabit herhairwasturninggray.A.whileB.thatC.ifD.for we’llgocampingtomorrowdependsontheweather.A.IfB.ThatC.WhereD.WhetherThepooryoungmanisreadytoaccept helphecanget.A.whicheverB.howeverC.whateverD.wheneverSomeresearchersbelievethatthereisnodoubt acureforAIDSwillbefound.A.whichB.thatC.whatD.whetherTheyreceivedorders theworkbedoneatonce.A.whichB.whenC./D.thatRoselookspale.Whatdoyouthink toher?A.thathashappenedB.tohavehappenedC.thathasbeenhappenedD.hashappenedHedoesn’tthinkthequestionof theyaremenorwomenisimportant.A.whetherB.ifC.whichD.whyAmericawas wasfirstcalled“India”byColumbus.A.whatB.whereC.theplaceD.therewhereItwasinforeigncountry Ifelt,forthefirsttimeinmylife, regretfulIwasaboutthetimewastedplayingaround.A.where;thatB.that;howC.that;whichD.where;howWiththedevelopmentofmodernelectricalengineering,wecansendpowerto itisneeded.A.howeverB.wheneverC.whereverD.whichevert’sknowntous thereispollution,thereisharm.A.thatB.whereC.whatD.thatwhere mannersareveryimportantineverycountryisknowntoallbutthetroubleis differentcountrieshavedifferentideasabout goodmannersare.A.That;that;whatB.That;what;whatC.What;that;thatD.What;what;that shewillcomeornotisnoteasytosay.A.ThatB.WhenC.IfD.WhetherHisexcusefornotbeingabletocomehereontimeis thetrainwaslate.A.whyB.ifC.howD.thatIhavenoidea hehasbeen.A.whichB.whereC.whenD.thatHeaskedme thegreencapwas.A.whoseB.whichC.thatD.whatItlooks everythingwasinorder.A.thatB.whereC.asifD.howItmakesnodifference .A.thatwhowillgowithmeB.whywilltheystayC.whenyouwillleaveD.thathowyougetthereMikealwaysthinksof hedoesgooddeedsforothers.A.thatB.ifC./D.howWhichofthefollowingisright?Itistruewhathesaidatthemeeting.B.Whathesaidatthemeetingistrue.Hehadbeenchosenmadeushappy.D.Aman’sworthliesnotsomuchinwhathehasasinheis.Thereisoftenenoughinformationonthecardtotellyou ornot.A.ifthebookwillbeusefulB.whetherwillthebookbeusefulC.ifwillthebookbeusefulD.wherethetroubleisItwasquitetrue hehaddonemadehisparentsangry.A.whatB.allwhatC.thatwhatD.whatthatAmoderncityhasbeensetupin wasawastelandtenyearsago.A.whatB.whichC.thatD.whereItwasfiveo’clockintheafternoon theyclimbeduptothetopofthemountain.A.thatB.untilC.whenD.sinceThefactpuzzledJackmuch hehasbeenunabletopassthedrivingtestuptonow.A.whyB.becauseC.howD.thatJaneandTimstillrememberthatitwas ,theirparents,whoencouragedthemtocontinuetheeducation.A.thoseB.whoC.theyD.whomHowcloseparentsaretotheirchildren astrongeffectonthecharacterofthechildren.A.haveB.havingC.hasD.tohave isknowntousallisthatChinahaslaunchedShenzhouspaceshipsuccessfully.A.ThatB.ItC.WhatD.As isknowntousallthatChinahaslaunchedShenzhouspaceshipsuccessfully.A.ThatB.ItC.WhatD.As isreallygoodnewstousis wewillseeanexcitingfilminsteadoftakingpartinanexam.A.It;thatB.What;howC.It;howD.What;thatTheboydivedintothewater