初中英语中考复习 中考英语总复习优化设计第一部分教材知识梳理第15课时Units5-6课件人教新目标版201904021124

第15课时Units

5-61234561.What

is

the

painting

made

from?这张画是用什么制成的?【考点】bemadefrom“用……制成,由……构成”,表示制成的东西完全失去了原材料的外形或特征,在成品中已无法辨认。Thiskindofwineismadefromwheat.这种酒是用小麦制成的。123456【辨析】bemadeof,bemadefrom,bemadeinto与bemadein材料+bemadeinto+成品成品+bemadein+地名Thehouseismadeofwood.这所房子是由木头制成的。Wineismadefromgrapes.葡萄酒是由葡萄制成的。Grapesaremadeintowine.葡萄被制成了酒。MywatchwasmadeinShanghai.我的手表是在上海制造的。123456【典例】

—Doyoubelievethatpaperismade

wood?

—Yes,Ido.Andyoucanseethatbooksaremade

paper.

A.from;from B.from;ofC.of;from D.of;of答案:B解析:be

made

from和be

made

of均表示“由……构成”,但是前者看不出原材料,后者能够看出原材料。故选B项。1234562.When

was

the

telephone

invented?电话是什么时候发明的?【考点1】此句为一般过去时的被动语态。一般过去时的被动语态结构为“was/were+及物动词的过去分词”。Thehousewasbuiltin1970.这座房子是1970年建的。【典例1】

(2018·福建中考)Paper-making

bytheChineseintheWesternHanDynasty(朝代).

A.isinvented

B.invented

C.wasinvented答案:C解析:句意:

造纸术是由西汉时的中国人发明的。根据句意判断用一般过去时的被动语态。123456【考点2】invent为动词,意为“发明,创造”。它的派生词有:inventionn.

发明;inventorn.

发明家。Edisonwasoneofthegreatestinventorsintheworld.Heinventedlotsofusefulthings.Duringhislifetime,hemade1,039inventions.爱迪生是世界上最伟大的发明家之一。他发明了许多有用的东西。他一生中有1,039项发明。【辨析】invent与discover123456【典例2】

Gilbert

electricity,butEdison

thelightbulbs.

A.discovered;found B.invented;discoveredC.found;created D.discovered;invented答案:D解析:句意:吉尔伯特发现了电,而爱迪生发明了电灯泡。根据句意可知选D项。1234563.It

is

believed

that

tea

was

brought

to

Korea

and

Japan

during

the

6th

and

7th

centuries.人们认为茶叶在六、七世纪被带到了朝鲜和日本。【考点】Itisbelieved+that从句是英语中常用的句型,意思是“据认为……;人们认为……”,相当于Peoplebelievethat...。Itisbelievedthathealthisabovewealth.人们认为健康重于财富。【拓展】

类似的结构还有It’ssaidthat...据说……;It’sthoughtthat...人们认为……;It’sknownthat...众所周知……;It’sreportedthat...据报道……;It’ssuggestedthat...据建议……It’ssaidthathesavedaboyfromtheriver.据说他从河里救了一个男孩。123456【典例】

It

(believe)thatonDecember21st,1891,thefirstbasketballgameinhistorywasplayed.

答案:isbelieved解析:It’s

believed

that...意为“据认为……,人们认为……”,是固定结构。1234564.The

tea

trade

from

China

to

Western

countries

took

place

in

the

19th

century.从中国到西方国家的茶叶贸易发生在19世纪。【考点】takeplace意为“发生,举行”,多指举行活动,发生某事(可指发生好事或不好的事)。Theopeningoftheplaywilltakeplacetomorrownight.该剧的首演式将于明晚举行。【拓展】happen多指发生意外事故,不幸的事。动词happen以及词组takeplace后不跟宾语,不能用于被动语态。Theaccidenthappenedonlyablockfrommyhome.事故发生地离我家只有一个街区。123456【典例】Inthepastfewyears,greatchanges

inLianyungang.

A.takeplace B.tookplaceC.havetakenplace D.havebeentakenplace答案:C解析:由in

the

past

few

years可知用现在完成时,take

place没有被动语态,故选C项。1234565.It’s

used

for

serving

really

cold

ice-cream.这个是用来盛很冷的冰激凌的。【考点】beusedforsth./doingsth.“被用于(做)某事”,for表示目的或用途。Thiskindofbamboocanbeusedforwaterpipes.这种竹子可用作水管。123456【辨析】usedtodosth.,beusedtodoingsth.,beusedtodosth.,beusedfor与beusedas

123456123456【典例1】

Chinesewillbewidelyused

aforeignlanguagearoundtheworld.

A.in B.for C.as

D.by答案:C解析:句意:汉语作为一门外语被全世界广泛应用。as“作为”,符合题意。【典例2】

Themachineisused

makingshoes

workers.

A.as;for B.for;asC.by;for D.for;by答案:D解析:be

used

for

doing

sth.意为“被用于做某事”,by后加“人”,表示动作的执行者。123456【典例3】

(2017·内蒙古赤峰中考)我爸爸过去常常开车上班,现在坐公交了。Myfather

gotoworkbycar,butnowhetakesthebus.

答案:usedto解析:used

to

do

sth.表示“过去常常做某事”。1234566.Dr.Naismith

divided

the

men

in

his

class

into

two

teams

and

taught

them

to

play

his

new

game.奈史密斯博士将班上的男同学分成两组,并教他们玩他的新游戏。【考点】o意为“把……分开”。Ourteacherdividedusintothreegroups.老师把我们