初中英语中考复习 专题12-时态（一）-2023年中考英语知识清单（通用版）（原卷版）

专题12-时态（一）2023年中考英语知识清单（通用版）目录考情分析： 11.一般现在时 12.一般过去时 23.一般将来时 44.现在进行时 55.牛刀小试 6考情分析：英语的动词的时态共有十六种，但是中考常考的主要有八种，一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、现在完成时、过去进行时、过去将来时，过去完成时等时态的构成和用法。本节先讲述一下一般现在时，一般过去时、一般将来时和现在进行时。1.一般现在时一般现在时的构成：一般现在时主要用动词原形表示，如果主语是第三人称单数，一般在动词原形后加-s或-es。如：Ihavebreakfastat7everymorning.我每天早晨7点吃早餐。HegoesswimmingonSundays.每周日他都去游泳。一般现在时的用法：（1）表示经常发生的动作或者经常存在的状态。经常和表示时间的状语often，always，usually，sometimes，everyday等连用。如：Mysisterusuallygoestoschoolonfoot.我姐姐经常步行去上学。Weoftencometoschoolatsixinthemorning.我们经常在早上六点到学校。（2）表示某种习惯或者能力，也可以表示职业、特征等。如：Mymotheroftengetsupveryearlyinthemorning.我的妈妈经常在早上起床很早。Thiskindofcarrunsveryfast.这种小汽车跑得非常快。（3）表示客观事实、客观规律或者客观真理。如：Thiskindoftreesnevergrowsinthedesert.这种树从来不在沙漠里生长。Doyouknowthatknowledgeispower?你知道知识就是力量吗？（4）在时间、条件、让步等状语从句中，表示将来的动作。如：They’llbesohappywhenItellthem.我告诉他们时，他们会很高兴的。Ifyouaren’thereontimetomorrow,I’llwritetoyourparents.如果你明天不准时到，我就给你父母亲写信。注意：（1）一般现在时的第三人称单数：在一般现在时中，如果句子的主语是第三人称单数形式，谓语动词用其第三人称单数形式。如：MyfatheroftenwatchesTVafterdinnerathome.我的爸爸经常在晚饭后在家看电视。（2）一般现在时的谓语如果是实义动词，其否定句和一般疑问句要用助动词do，如果主语是第三人称单数时，要用does，doesn’t来构成。如：Mylittlebrotherdoesn’tdohishomeworkatschool.我的小弟弟不在学校做家庭作业。2.一般过去时一般过去时的构成：一般过去时用动词的过去式表示。如：LastweekTommadeamodelplanewithhisfriendJack.上周汤姆和他的朋友杰克做了一个飞机模型。Tomwasathomeyesterday.汤姆昨天在家。一般过去时的用法：（1）表示过去经常发生的动作或者过去经常存在的状态。常与表示过去的时间状语yesterday，justnow，amomentago，lastweek/year/night，in1985，inthosedays等连用。如：Theywenttocollegelastyear.他们是去年上大学。Wehadagoodtimeintheparkyesterday.我们昨天在公园玩得很高兴。（2）表示过去接连发生的一系列动作。如：Weplayedfootballfirst，thenwentboatingandfishing,，andatlasthadapicnicthere.我们先踢足球，然后去划船、钓鱼。最后我们在那里野餐。注意：（1）表示过去经常或反复的动作，而现在却不这样做了，也可以用usedto+动词原形来表示。如：Iusedtogetupverylate.我过去总是起床很晚。（2）如果主句的谓语动词是现在完成时，since引导的时间状语从句用一般过去时。如：Wehavemadealotoffriendssincewecamehere.自从我们来到这里以来已经交了很多的朋友。（3）谈论某人的出生日期经常用一般过去时。如：—Whenwereyouborn?你是什么时候出生的？—Iwasbornin1983.我出生于1983年。3.一般将来时一般将来时的构成：（1）will/shall＋动词原形,其中shall常用于第一人称的疑问句。（2）begoingto＋动词原形。如：WhatareyougoingtodonextSunday？下周日你打算做什么？I’llcomeandhelpyoutomorrow.我明天来帮助你。Shallwegotothezoo?我们去动物园好吗？一般将来时的用法：表示将来发生的动作或者存在的状态。常和表示将来的时间状语，如tomorrow，nextweek/year/month，thisafternoon/evening，tonight，inafewdays，whenhecomes等连用。如：HewillgotoBeijingandseehisfathernextweek.他下个星期打算去北京看他的爸爸。注意：（1）will用来表示有礼貌地询问对方是否愿意或表示客气的邀请或命令时。如：Willyoupleaselendmeyourbike?请你把你的自行车借我用一下好吗？（2）shall一般和第一人称的代词连用构成，shallI或者shallwe的一般疑问句，用来询问对方的意图和愿望，征求别人同意等。助动词shall引起的一般疑问句征求别人同意时，回答不能用Yes,youshall或者No,youshallnot，应该用Yes,pleasedo.或者No,pleasedon’t.如：—ShallIclosethewindow?我把窗户关上好吗？—No,pleasedon’t.不，别关。（3）begoingto+动词原形，常用来表示已经决定或安排要做的事，也用于表示必然或很可能发生的事。如：Theyaregoingtofinishtheworkthisevening.他们打算今天晚上完成这项工作。It’sgoingtosnow.要下雪了。（4）对于动词go，come，start，move，sail，leave，arrive，stay，live,fly等可用进行时态表示按计划即将发生的动作（行进时动词）。如：I'mleavingforBeijing.我要去北京。4.现在进行时1.现在进行时的构成：主语+be+v-ing〔现在分词〕:Iam+v-ing；You/They/Weare+v-ing;He/She/Itis+v-ing2.现在进行时的用法：（1）表示此时此刻正在发生的动作，经常与时间状语now，atpresent，atthistime/moment等连用。如：Theboysareplayingfootballovertherenow.这些男孩子们正在那边踢足球。MyfatheriswatchingTVwithmymothernow.我的爸爸正在和妈妈一起看电视。（2）表示现阶段正在进行着的动作，但不一定在说话时正在进行。经常与now，thesedays等时间状语连用。如：IamlearningFrenchinBeijingthesedays.这些天我正在北京学法语。（3）一些瞬间动词的现在进行时可以表示一般将来时的意义。表示“即将……”，常伴有表示将来的时间状语。常用的这类动词有come，leave，go，arrive，die等。如：Hurryup!Thebusiscoming.快点！公共汽车马上就要开了。Heiscomingbacktomorrow.他明天会回来。5.牛刀小试1．（2022·吉林长春·中考真题）There________asignonthewall.Itsaysyoumustn’tsmokehere.A．is B．are C．was D．were2．（2022·贵州铜仁·中考真题）—Usingpublicchopsticks______necessarywheneatingwithothers.—That’sright.A．is B．are C．was D．were3．（2022·湖北湖北·中考真题）He________newspapersat8:00everyevening.A．reads B．isreading C．wasreading D．hasread4．（2022·湖北武汉·中考真题）—Idon’tthinksixteen-year-oldsshouldbeallowedtodrive.—I________.It’snotsafe.A．agree B．agreed C．willagree D．hadagreed5．（2022·江苏扬州·中考真题）XiaSen________asimplelifeandsaveshermoneyfordonations.A．lives B．lived C．wasliving D．willlive6．（2021·四川资阳·中考真题）It’sreportedthatthestudentsinsomeschoolsofourcity________aPEclasseveryday.A．takes B．take C．took D．aretaking7．（2022·贵州铜仁·中考真题）—Yourson’sdreamwillcometrueaslongas______.—Ihopeso.A．hewillstudyhard B．shewillstudyhardC．hestudieshard D．shestudieshard8．（2022·黑龙江·中考真题）—Idon’tknowwhenSusan________.—Don’tworry.Whenshe________,Iwilltellyou.A．comes;willcome B．willcome;comes C．come;comes9．（2022·湖南郴州·中考真题）—ThesongTogetherforaSharedFutureisverypopularnow.—That’sforsure!Boththeyoungandtheold________it.A．likes B．like C．liked10．（2022·辽宁丹东·中考真题）—Mingming,whereisyourbrother?—Look!He_______ontheplayground.A．runs B．isrunning C．wasrunning D．ran11．（2022·湖南湘西·中考真题）—Whatareyoudoing?—I________thebookTheOldManandSea.A．amreading B．wasreading C．read12．（2022·湖南株洲·中考真题）Listen!They________songsforthe100birthdayoftheCCYL（中国共青团）.A．aresinging B．sang C．willsing13．（2022·广西梧州·中考真题）—Wow!Themusicsoundswonderful!—Yes.Jessie________theviolininthenextroom.A．plays B．playedC．isplaying D．wasplaying14．（2022·湖南邵阳·中考真题）—Where’sAnna,dear?—She________anonlineclassinherroom.A．istaking B．takes C．willtake15．（2022·山东菏泽·中考真题）—NanjingRoadisverycrowdedthesedays.—Theworkers________it.Itissaidthatit________soon.A．repair；finishes B．haverepaired；willfinish C．arerepairing；willbefinished16．（2022·北京·中考真题）Theworkers_________thecommunitycenternow.A．cleaned B．werecleaning C．willclean D．arecleaning17．（2022·内蒙古包头·中考真题）—Youlookprettybusy.What’sup?—We________foranofficepartythisFridayevening.Therewillbeaboutthirtypeople,andIamtheorganizer.A．prepare B．haveprepared C．arepreparing D．werepreparing18．（2022·黑龙江绥化·中考真题）Hollyprefersplayingthepianoto________theviolin.Listen!She________thepianoinherroom.A．play;isplaying B．playing;plays C．playing;isplaying19．（2022·江苏泰州·中考真题）COVID-19(新冠肺炎)________theworld,andmanypeople’slifechangesalot.A．influenced B．isinfluencing C．isinfluenced D．wasinfluenced20．（2022·辽宁辽宁·中考真题）—WhyisKateabsentfromclass?—Oh,she________themeeting.A．wasattending B．attended C．isattending D．attends21．（2022·湖北湖北·中考真题）—Hello!MayIspeaktoKate?—Sorry,sheisn’tin.She________ping-pongoutside.A．isplaying B．plays C．played D．willplay22．（2022·云南昆明·中考真题）—China’shigh-speedrailwaytechnology________theworldnow.—That’strue.Ithasdevelopedrapidlyoverthepastyears.A．led B．wasleading C．isleading D．willlead23．（2022·甘肃定西·中考真题）We________ameeting.Comeandjoinin.A．werehaving B．arehaving C．had D．havebeen24．（2022·江西·中考真题）—Sssh!Bequiet.I’monthephone.—Who________you________to,mom?A．do,speak B．are,speaking C．will,speak D．have,spoken25．（2022·湖北黄石·中考真题）Davidhasworkedherefor10yearssincehe________fromuniversity.A．graduates B．graduated C．hasgraduated D．willgraduate26．（2022·辽宁丹东·中考真题）—Wholockedthedooryesterday?—________.A．Ido B．Iwill C．Idid D．Ican27．（2022·湖南益阳·中考真题）—Youlooktired.Iwonder________lastnight.—Ididn’tgotobeduntilelevenforpreparingareport.A．whenyougotobed B．whenyouwenttobed C．whendidyougotobed28．（2022·湖南湘西·中考真题）ItonlytakesustwohourstogofromJishoutoChangshabytrainwhenZhang-Ji-Huaihigh-speedrailway________inDecemberlastyear.A．opens B．opened C．willopen29．（2022·黑龙江哈尔滨·中考真题）WangYaping,thefemale（女性的）Chinesespacewalker,________herfirstspacewalkinNovember,2021.A．hasbegun B．begins C．began30．（2022·江苏徐州·中考真题）—DanielhasgonetoBeijingonbusiness.—Oh,Ididn’tknow.When________?A．hasheleft B．washeleaving C．didheleave D．willheleave31．（2022·吉林·中考真题）—Helen,whydidn’tyoucometothepartyyesterday?—Oh,I________forthespeechcompetition.A．prepares B．prepared C．willprepare32．（2022·黑龙江黑龙江·中考真题）—MikeisfromAmericabutspeaksperfectChinese.—Sohedoes.HehaslearnedChinesebyhimselfsincehe________college.A．isattending B．hasattended C．attended33．（2022·湖北湖北·中考真题）LiLei________theschoolbuslastFriday.A．misses B．missed C．wasmissing D．hasmissed34．（2022·四川达州·中考真题）—Bruce________somuchinthepasttwoyears.—Yeah,he________beshy,butnowheisconfidentandactive.A．haschanged;usedto B．changed;isusedtoC．changed;usedto D．haschanged;isusedto35．（2022·四川泸州·中考真题）—Lily,aconcertisbeingheldinourschoolforthebirthdayoftheCommunistYouthLeagueofChina(GYLC).—Iknow.Ithasbeen100yearssinceCYLC________.A．born B．wasborn C．isborn D．hasborn36．（2022·辽宁阜新·中考真题）China________ninegoldmedalsattheBeijing2022WinterOlympics.A．wins B．iswinning C．won D．willwin37．（2021·贵州黔西·中考真题）—YouseemtoknowmuchaboutthePalaceMuseumin

Beijing.—That’strue.I________itlastyear.A．visited B．arevisiting C．havevisited D．willvisit38．（2022·湖北黄石·中考真题）There________avolleyballgamenextSaturday.Ifit________we’llhavetoputitoff.A．isgoingtobe;rains B．isgoingtobe;willrainC．isgoingtohave;willrain D．isgoingtohave;rains39．（2022·辽宁丹东·中考真题）Nextyear,_______anewroadleadingtothevillage.A．thereis B．thereare C．therewillbe D．therewas40．（2022·辽宁大连·中考真题）—What’syourplanfortheweekend,Helen?—I________mygrandparents.A．visit B．visited C．havevisited D．amgoingtovisit41．（2022·广西玉林·中考真题）—AsfarasIknow,there_____ahigh-speedtrainfromYulintoShenzhenin2023.—Yeah!ItwillbemoreconvenientforthepeopleinYulin.A．willbe B．has C．is D．willhave42．（2022·广西·中考真题）Idon’tknowifit_________tomorrow,butifit_________,I’llstayathome.A．willrain;rains B．willrain;willrain C．rains;willrain D．rains;rains43．（2022·广西贵港