Metonymy in Cognitive Linguistics Analysis认知语言学分析中的转喻

MetonymyinCognitiveLinguisticsAnalysis[Abstract]cognitivelinguisticsthat:thelanguageofmetonymyisageneralphenomenon;infact,itisalsoonewayofthinkingandbehavioringeneral.Metonymyissomethingpeopleunderstandthelinkbetweenthetwo,sothatmeansonethingtoswitchAnotherthingispossible,commonsourceoftheallegedresultsofusefulthingswiththelocalwayoftheallegedoverall.

[Keywords]cognitivemodelofmetonymysignificantdegreeofapplicationMetonymyissomethingpeopleunderstandthelinkbetweenthetwo,sothatmeansonethingtoswitchtoanothermaterialaspossible,commonsourceoftheallegedresultsofusefulthings,allegedthatasawholewiththelocalwayofexample:

Stovewitha.(Refertofurnacestovefire)

TheWhiteHousemadenoindication.(WhiteHousereferstotheU.S.Government)

Hewasblind(hereferstohiseyes)Tounderstandthelanguageinthecognitiveneedtounderstandtheconceptofmetonymymetonymyoftwoterms:the‘cognitivemodel’and‘asignificantdegree.’

Mr.ShenJiaxuanthecognitivemodelofmetonymyexpressedasfollows:

‘①inacontextinordertoexpressaparticularpurpose,needtouseConceptAconceptoftheallegedtargetB;②withtheConceptAreferstoB,AandBshallbethesameina‘cognitiveframework’within;③Inthesamecognitiveframework,AandBarecloselyrelated,becausetheactivationofA,B(generallyonlyB)willbeactivatedwith;④AtobeactivatedwithB,Ainthecognitive‘significantdegree’mustbegreaterthanB;⑤AandB,metonymyisacognitiveframeworkinthemodelassociated,thisassociationcanbecalledafunctionfromAtoBrelationship.‘

Themodelusesoneofthemostobviousexampleisthis:‘litthestove.’Istousethestove(conceptA)firemetonymy(thetargetconceptB),stovesandfirewiththe‘container-thecontentsof’thecognitiveframework,twocloselyrelatedconceptsactivatethefurnacewiththeconceptofthefirewillactivate.stovefireinthecognitivethansignificant,thestoveisvisible,butthefireinthestovewhichisinvisible.thefirewaslit,wenotseethefireburning,butthestoveinthesmoke,whichisthemetonymyofthegenerallaw.

Mr.ShenJiaxuanalsopointedoutthatpeopleexperiencecognitiveframeworkisestablishedbetweentheconceptandtheconceptassociatedwitharelativelyfixedpattern,forpeople,experienceavarietyofframeworkisanaturaltypeofcommoncognitiveframeworkare:container-content;whole-part;licensedperson-licensedmaterial;laborauthor-tools;objects-traits;institutions-location;parties-act/experience;agent-(tool)-Action-Shoushi/results;agent-action-andthings/goals-Shoushi,forexample:

Hedrankthreebottles.(Refertothecontentsofthecontainer)

Iteachsenior.(Hierarchicallevelreferstostudents)

Metonymythereisanotherimportantconceptoftheterm‘significantdegree.’Asignificantdegreeofeffectisverycommonineverydaylife.AmetonymyB,AandBinadditiontothesamecognitiveframework,AthanBmustalsobesignificant,accordingtoMr.ShenXuan’spointofview,asignificantdegreemainlydependsonfourareas:

1alook,‘andpartoftheoverallsignificancelevel’Significantpartofthewholethanthegeneral,sothere,‘hetookabottleofwater’inhisturnthathehands;‘holdingahammer,’infact,onlyahammerinhishandthehandle.

2Second,lookat‘therelativecontentofthecontainerandasignificantdegree.’

Significantlybetterthanthecontentsofthegeneralcontainer,suchas‘drinkthreebottlesof’means‘todrinkthebottleofwine.’

3Third,lookat‘permanentandtemporarycharactertraitsrelativelysignificantdegree.’

‘White’isthedifferenceofthenatureoftheadjective,so‘white’canturnrefersto‘white’and‘white’isthestateadjectiveisdescriptive,so‘white’cannotturnrefersto‘whiteofpaper.‘cognitivelinguisticsthatisthemainreasontousepropertiestoaclassofthingsofthingsofthiskindofmetonymy,thistraitmustbepermanentratherthantemporarycharactertraitsofaclassofthingseternalinthehumantraitstothebraintoformtheimpressionofsuchremarkablethings.

4fourtosee‘thetermcanbeasignificantdegreeandnature’Termsofthehigherlife,andcanbesignificantlyhigherdegree,thestrongerandthereforeasignificantdegreeofpropernounsthancommonnouns.‘RecyclinginthesoutheastcoastofseveralHongKong’,HongKongisasignificantterm.

5fivevisits‘contextofthesignificantdegreeofcontrol’ofContext(thecontext)istobethegeneralperceptionisnotincludedwithintheframeworkoftheconceptoftemporarycognitiveframework.Contextofageneraltendencyofregulation:thecloserthetwoconcepts,thegreatertheforce,suchas:generalWedonotsay‘Xiaohong,eyeslarge,Xiaoyun’snot.’andthat‘XiaohongeyesarebetterthanXiaoyunbig.’Linkstofreedownload

Understandthebasicconceptsofmetonymytwolater,welookatthelanguageofmetonymyincertainapplications:First,onthe‘degreeadverb+noun’phenomenon,criminaljusticeFusaid:‘Fromthesemanticperspective,atypicaltermaccesstosuchstructuresarenotusingtheprimordialsense,butatemporarygiventhe‘differentsenseof’meaning.

①Theman’snameiswoman.

②HeisverylonginChina.

Here,‘Woman,China’clearlythanthe‘light,elegant,’‘blackhairandyellowskin’moreeasytoidentify,processandmemory,whichhasahigh‘significantdegree.’Indeed,thetermofsuchstructuresactuallynotageneralsenseoftheterm,thatisexpressedinthesewordsbeforeandafterthedifferentconcepts,sowecanputarationalmeaningofthetermiscalledtheconceptA,theterminthe‘degreeadverb+noun’structureshownsignificanceofaconceptB,andasignificantdegreeofConceptAConceptBhigherthanthisismetonymyinthelanguageofanapplication.

Second,metonymyasacognitivemechanismfortheconversionoftheChineseobjectalsoplayedanimportantroleofhumanthinkingwithmetonymy,soinlanguageuse,thiswillbeamanifestationoftheunconsciousnatureofmetonymy.toolsandmethodscanbeacomponentobject,partlybecauseoftheirownwiththenewinformation,suchas‘calligraphy’,the‘word’didnotoccur.Becausethe‘word’is‘write’theconventionalobject,even‘theword’donotsayit,peopleknowthat‘write’anything.Andifthe‘brush’doobject,then,canthisnewinformationtoolhasahigherdominantdegree.verbpositionallowingdirectobjectappearsindifferentthematicroles,suchas‘eatcafeteria,’‘reflectsenvironmentEveryday.’thesedifferentthematicrolesbelongto‘eat’thesemanticframework,inconceptwiththeproximity.‘matter,weranseveraltimesthe’numberofthisobject,thespeakertoreflectthenatureofthingsbeaccomplishedwhilethenumberonthedirectobjectposition,makingthisnewinformationishighlighted.Inaddition,thenumberofobjectcanbetoexpresssimple,toachieveeconomicresults.

Third,thetautologywords(tautologicalutterance)istheverbalcommunicationinaninterestinglinguisticphenomenon,surfacewordstautologyisacumbersomeexpression,butinfacthasarichcommunicativecontent.ItisconciseandpragmaticfunctionsForexample:

(1)half-daymeeting,shehadnotcome.Whatwomanisawoman!

(2)Yousee,evenontheroadtoeatthefoodshegaveyouareready,whetherawomanisawoman!(3)workefficiencyprocrastination,whatawomanisawoman!Thethreeexamplesinthesecond‘woman’activatedand‘woman’inthiscategoryrelatedtocharacteristicsofwomen:womenprocrastination;womancautious,conscientious;womendonotdosomethingdecisive,etc.heareruseofcognitivecontext,thesethreesentencesformetonymicreasoning,activatescorrespondingpart,youcangetacorrectunderstandingoftheright.

Fourth:euphemismisthatpeopletrytoavoiddirectuseofunpleasantwordsandtheuseofanunknownthatcanmakepeoplefeelhappytosay.Euphemismfortheunderstandingoftheprinciplesofpolitenesspragmaticscanmakebetterexplanation,whiletheexpressionofcognitivelinguistics,metaphorcanbefurthertransittorevealthecognitivemechanismofeuphemism,suchas:peopledonot‘stool,urine,’insteadof‘gotothebathroom(toilet),’thegentlewordstoexpress;‘buried’asthe‘buried’;‘trash’into‘cleanbox’;Chineseabusesinsomeofthewords:NB,TMD,NMD,EnglishintheBO-generationbodyodor(bodyodor).Theseareactuallymetonymyatwork,butpeopledonotknowifthisismetonymy,thatthisisjustaeuphemismisasubstitutionofwordsonly.

Inshort,metonymyinlanguagethatreflectsnotonlytheabove,therearemanyherefarmoreprominentinafewsimpleandelaborate.Metonymyisoneofthefoundationsofourknowledge,thisisreflectedinthecognitivebasislanguagewhichisanaturalthing,sowehadsomelinguisticphenomenahavemanydifferentinterpretations,andnowhavebeenareasonableexplanation.tounderstandlanguagesyntax,semantics,pragmaticscannotbeunderstoodinisolation,putthethreetogether,becauselanguageinthefinalanalysisis