英语被动语态讲解

优选文档一、被动语态的组成形式被动语态的基本时态变化被动语态平常为十种时态的被动形式,被动语态由be＋过去分词组成，be随时态的变化而变化。以do为例，各样时态的被动语态形式为：1)am/is/are+done(过去分词)一般此刻时visitorsarerequestednottotouchtheexhibits.2）has/havebeendone此刻达成时allthepreparationsforthetaskhavebeencompleted,andwe'rereadytostart.3）am/is/arebeingdone此刻进行时例anewcinemaisbeingbuilthere．4）was/weredone一般过去时iwasgiventenminutestodecidewhetherishouldrejecttheoffer.5）hadbeendone过去达成时bytheendoflastyear,anothernewgymnasiumhadbeencompletedinbeijing.6）was/werebeingdone过去进行时ameetingwasbeingheldwheniwasthere.7）shall/willbedonebegoingtobedonebeabouttobedone/betobedone一般未来时hundredsofjobswillbelostifthefactorycloses.8）should\wouldbedonewas\weregoingtobedonewas\wereabouttobedone被动语态的特别构造形式1)带神态动词的被动构造。其形式为：神态动词＋be＋过去分词。thebabyshouldbetakengoodcareof可编写优选文档bythebaby-sitter.有些能够有两个，在用于被构，能够把主构中的一个主，另一仍旧保存在后边。平常主的是接。hismothergavehimapresentforhisbirthday.可改hewasgivenapresentbyhismotherforhisbirthday.当“++足”构被，将被构中的主，其余不。someonecaughttheboysmokingaciggarette.可改theboywascaughtsmokingacigarette.4）在使役have,make,let以及感官see,watch,notice,hear,feel,observe等后边不定式作，在主构中不定式to要省略，但被构，要加to。someonesawastrangerwalkintothebuilding.可改astrangerwasseentowalkintothebuilding.有些相当于及物的，如“＋介”，“＋副”等，也能够用于被构，但要把它看作一个整体，不可以够分开。此中的介或副也不可以够省略。themeetingistobeputofftillFriday.非的被v.+ing形式及不定式todo也有被(一般和达成)。idon'tlikebeinglaughedatinthepublic.二、itissaidthat+从句及其余似句型一些表示“据”或“相信”的如believe,consider,expect,report,say,suppose,think等能够用于句型“beit＋去分＋that从句”或“主＋be＋去分＋todosth.”。有：itissaidthat据⋯,itisreportedthat⋯据道，itisbelievedthat信，itis可编写优选文档hopedthat⋯大家希望，itiswellknownthat⋯尽人皆知，itisthoughtthat⋯大家，itissuggestedthat例itissaidthattheboyhaspassedthenationalexam.（＝theboyissaidtohavepassedthenationalexam.）三、被动语态与系表构造的差别当“be+过去分词”作被动语态时表示主语承受的动作；作系表构造时表示主语的特色或所处的状态时，be后边的过去分词是表语，相当于形容词。其划分方法以下：1．假如重申换作或句中有介词by指引出动作的履行者，该句一般为被动语态，不然为系表构造。例theglassisbroken．（系表构造）theglasswasbrokenbytheboy．（被动语态）2．假如句中有地址、频次或时间状语时，一般为被动语态。例thedoorislocked．（系表构造）thedoorhasalready/justbeenlocked．（被动语态）3．被动语态除用于一般时态和达成时态外，还能够够用于其余各样时态，而系表构造中的系动词be只有一般时态和达成时态。例themachineisbeingrepaired．被基1.ourhouse_____,a.isgettingpaintb.isgettingpaintedc.isgotpaintedd.hasgottopaint2.hearrivedinbeijing,wherehe_____hisfriend.a.wasmetbyb.wasmetc.wasmeetingd.metby3.thewar_____in1937a.wasbrokenoutb.hadbeenbrokenoutc.hasbrokenoutd.brokeout4.themistakesintheexerciseswill_____theteacher.可编写优选文档a.crossb.becrossingc.becrossedbyd.crossby5.mybrotherandihave__________herbirthdayparty.a.beeninvitedb.beeninvitedforc.invitedtod.beeninvitedto6.it_______thiswaya.ishadtodob.ishadtobedonec.hadtobedoned.hastodo7.it__thisway.ausedtodob.usedtobedonec.isusedtodod.isusedtodoing8._____chaplin.a.thechild'snamewascalledb.thechild'snamecallsc.thechildcallsd.thechildisnamed9.thesportsmeeting____.a.isputoffb.istoputoffc.istobeputoffd.putsoff10.maryrealizedshe_________a.wasmakingfunofb.wasmadefunc.wasbeingmadefunofd.wasbeingmadefun11.______tosayathinginthatwaya.itisconsiderswrongb.itisconsideredwrongc.itisconsideredit'swrongd.itisconsiedringwrong12.heorderedthatthebooks_______atonce.a.wouldbeprintedb.wouldprintc.beprintedd.print13.thestory______inchina.a.wastakenplaceb.washappenedc.tookplaced.hasbeentakenplace14.thehouse_____myparentsa.isbelongtob.belongtoc.belongstod.isbelongedto15.he_______byhisteacher.a.happenedtoseeb.washappenedtoseec.happenedtobeseend.washappenedtobeseen16.greatchanges_____inourprovince.manytallbuildings.a.havebeentakenplace,havebeensetup可编写优选文档b.havetakenplace,havebeensetupc.havebeentakenplace,havebeensetupd.weretakenplace,weresetup17.thehall's____butit'snotyet____withlamps.a.furnished,finishedb.beenfinished,beenfurnishedc.beingfinished,beingfurnishedd.setup,full18.thenewhallisthetallestbuildinginthistown._____fromhere?a.canitseeb.canitbeseenc.canitseend.cansee19.assoonaswegottotheairport,wefoundthattheplane_____.a.hadalreadytakenoffb.alreadytookoffc.wasalreadytakingoffd.wasalreadytakenoff20.someofthehotelsinmyhometown_________.a.havenowbeenrebuildingb.arenowrebuildingc.arenowbeingrebuiltd.arerebuiltnowifcitynoises____fromincreasing，people____shouttobeheardevenatdinner．a.arenotkept；willhavetob.arenotkept；havec.donotkeep；willhavetod.donotkeep；havetothefifthgenerationcomputers,withartificialintelligence,are____andperfectednow.a.developedb.havedevelopedc.arebeingdevelopedd.willhavebeendeveloped23.____thesportsmeetmightbeputoff．yes，italldependsontheweather．a.i'vebeentoldb.i'vetoldc.i'mtoldd.itold24.ineedonemorestampbeforemycollection___.pletesc.hasbeencompletedd.iscompletedrainforests___andburnedatsuchaspeedthattheywilldisappearfromtheearthinthenearfuture.可编写优选文档a.cutb.arecutc.arebeingcutd.hadbeencut26.thenewsuspensionbridge___bytheendoflastmonth.a.hasbeendesignedb.hadbeendesignedc.wasdesignedd.wouldbedesigned27.whenapencilispartlyinaglassofwater,itlooksasifit____.a.breaksb.hasbrokenc.wasbrokend.hadbeenbroken28.greatchanges___inthecity,andalotoffactories___.a.havebeentakenplace;havebeensetupb.havetakenplace;havebeensetupc.havetakenplace;havesetupd.weretakenplace;weresetup29.thatsuit__over60dollars.a.hadcostedb.costedc.iscostedd.cost30.look!everythinghereisunderconstruction.what'stheprettysmallhousethat__for?a.isbeingbuiltb.hasbeenbuiltc.isbuiltd.isbuilding31.doyoulikethematerial?yes,it___verysoft.a.isfeelingb.feltc.feelsd.isfelt32.itisdifficultforaforeigner____chinese．a.writeb.towritec.tobewrittend.written33.ihavenomoreletters____，thankyou．a.totypeb.typingc.tobetypedd.typed34.takecare!don'tdroptheinkonyourshirt,forit__easily.a.won'twashoutb.won'tbewashed