Unit1Art（语法虚拟语气）备课资料

Unit1Art语法虚拟语气备课资料★虚拟语气用于条件状语从句含义从句谓语动词形式主句谓语动词形式典型例句与现在事实相反一般过去时（be动词常用were）Would/Should/Could/Might+动词原形IfIhadtime,Iwouldattendthemeeting.如果我有时间的话，我就参加会议。与将来事实相反一般过去时（be动词常用wereWould/Should/Could/Might+动词原形Ifyoucame,(shouldcome/weretocome)tomorrow,wewouldhavethemeeting.如果明天你来，我们就召开会议。Should+动词原形Wereto+动词原形含义从句谓语动词形式主句谓语动词形式典型例句与过去事实相反过去完成时Would/Should/Could/Might+have+过去分词Ifyouhadtakenmyadvice,youwouldnothavefailedintheexam.如果你听了我的建议的话，你就不会不及格了。课堂学习使用虚拟条件句时要注意以下几点：1）当条件状语从句所表示的行为和主句所表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时，被称为“错综时间条件句”，动词的形式要根据他所表示的时间做出相应的调整。如：Ifyouhadfollowedmyadvicejustnow,youwouldbebetternow.如果你刚才听了我的建议的话，你现在就好多了。Ifyouhadstudiedhardbefore,youwouldbeacollegestudentnow.如果以前你努力学习，你现在就是大学生了。2）If省略句在条件句中可省略if,把were,had,should提到句首，变为倒装句式。如：Iwereatschoolagain,Iwouldstudyharder.→wereIatschoolagain,Iwouldstudyharder.2.Ifyouhadcomeearlier,youwouldhavecaughtthebus.→hadyoucomeearlier,youwouldhavecaughtthebusitshouldraintomorrow,wewouldnotgoclimbing.→Shoulditraintomorrow,wewouldnotgoclimbing3）用介词短语代替条件状语从句。常用的介词有with,,without,butfor.如:Whatwouldyoudowithamilliondollars?=Whatwouldyoudoifyouhadamilliondollars?有一百万你会干什么？Withoutyouhelp,wecouldn’thavefinishedtheworkaheadoftime.没有你的帮助，我们不可能提前完成这项工作。4）有时为了表达的需要，在虚拟语气中并不总是出现if引导的条件句，而是用其它手段来代替条件句。例如：Iwasillthatday.OtherwiseIwouldhavetakenpartinthesportsmeeting.(副词)Hetelephonedtoinformmeofyourbirthday,orIwouldhaveknownnothingaboutit.(连词)Ishouldhavegivenyoumorehelp,butIwastoobusy.(连词)★（1）．表示坚持、命令、建议、要求等词后的宾语从句中，谓语用“should+动词原形”，should可以省略。这些词包括：一坚持：insist二命令：order,command三建议：suggest,propose,advise四要求：request,require,demand,askShedemandedthatshebekeptinformedofdevelopments.他要求继续向他报告事态发展情况。Thedoctoradvisedthathe(should)changehisjob.医生劝他换工作。(2).wish后的宾语从句含义从句谓语动词形式典型例句针对现在表达愿望（与事实相反）一般过去时（be动词常用were）IwishIhadalittlelabofmyown.但愿我有一间属于自己的小实验室。针对将来表达愿望Would/Could/Might+动词原形Iwishyouwouldn’tsmokeanymore.我希望你