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UNIT8
GREENLIVINGTOPICTALK词汇一forinstance(=forexample)例如;比如◆教材原句...whichmaycausedifferentkindsofenvironmentalproblems,forinstance,
.……这可能会造成不同类型的环境问题,例如,
。◆词语辨析forinstance,suchas与thatis·forinstance用于举例说明:一般只列举同类中的一个,可置于句首、句中或句末。·suchas用于部分列举:列举前面提到的事物的一部分,不能列出全部,不能和andsoon连用。·thatis用于列举所提到事物的全部:意为“也就是说”,相当于thatistosay或namely。题组练·领悟方法◆单句语法填空(1)[2019·天津卷]Mostfoodwebs,
instance,consistofmanyweaklinksratherthanafewstrongones.(2)[2019·全国Ⅲ卷]Iwantmycafetohaveaspecialthemesuch
like“TangDynasty”.选词填空:suchas/forexample/forinstance/thatis(3)Therearejobsmoredangerousthantruckdriving,
,traininglions.(4)Whatwouldyoudoifyoumetawildanimal,atiger,
?(5)Asweallknow,moreandmoreChinesewordshavecomeintoEnglish,
tofuandkungfu.(6)Hehasthreepartners,
,John,JackandTom.for
as
forinstance
forexample
suchasthatis词汇二globaladj.全球的;全世界的◆教材原句globalwarming全球变暖◆要点必记globalwarming全球变暖globalaffairs全球事务globalpopulation全球人口globalclimatechange全球气候变化◆词语积累globen.地球;地球仪globallyadv.全球地◆单句语法填空(1)It’sknowntousthat
(globe)warmingisnowaseriousproblem.(2)[2018·江苏卷]China’ssoftpowergrowsinlinewiththeincreasingappreciationandunderstandingofChina
(global).◆单句写作(3)Thelackofeco-friendlyhabitsamongthepublicisthoughttobeamajorcauseof
_______________________(全球气候变化).global
globally
globalclimatechange词汇三extinctionn.灭绝◆教材原句
...animal/plantextinction……动/植物灭绝◆要点必记(1)beclosetoextinction濒临灭绝 indangerofextinction处于灭绝的危险中(2)extinctadj.已灭绝的 anextinctvolcano死火山anextinctspecies一个已灭绝的物种◆单句语法填空(1)Inbrief,the
(extinct)ofthedinosaursoccurredlongbeforehumanscameintobeing.◆单句写作(2)AccordingtoJack,itisglobalwarmingthat_________________________________________
(导致许多动物的灭绝).(3)Thespecies
(濒临灭绝).
extinction
leadstotheextinctionofmanyanimals
isclosetoextinction词汇四solutionn.解决,解决办法◆教材原句Solutions
解决;解决办法◆要点必记thesolutiontotheproblem问题的解决办法solvevt.解决;解答solveaproblem/amystery/apuzzle解决问题/解开奥秘/解开谜团◆归纳拓展theentrancetothecave山洞的入口 theanswertothequestion问题的答案thekeytothedoor门的钥匙 thekeytosuccess成功的关键theapproachtotheproblem问题的解决办法◆单句语法填空(1)Theschooladvisorwon’tgiveyouanydirect
(solve)toyourproblems.(2)Therearestillmanyproblems
(solve)beforewearereadyforalongstayontheMoon.(3)Ihavetriedveryhardtofindasolution
theproblem,butinvain.◆单句写作(4)Ithinkitisbeyondhispowertofind
(……的解决方法)thisproblem.(5)Believinginyourselfis
(……的关键)success.solution
tobesolved
to
thesolutiontothekeyto词汇五transport(1)n.交通运输方式,运输方式(2)v.运输;运送◆教材原句morepublictransportincreaseourawarenessofenvironmentalprotection更多公共交通工具增加我们的环保意识◆要点必记transport...from...to...把……从……运送到……betransportedwithjoy/delight欣喜若狂;喜不自胜transportsb.tosth.使……觉得处于……;使……仿佛置身于……publictransport公共交通ameansoftransport交通方式transportsofjoy/delight/pleasure兴高采烈◆单句语法填空(1)Theyhavedifficulty
(transport)goods,becausethegasisrunningout.(2)Atthattime,mostofourluggage
(transport)bysea.◆单句写作(3)Alargequantityofmoneyhasbeenspent
(改善公共交通).(4)Onhearingofthevictory,thenation
(一片欢腾).(5)[2017·全国Ⅲ卷]FourteenwolveswerecaughtinCanadaand______________________
(运到公园去).transporting
wastransportedtoimprovepublictransport
wastransportedwithjoy
transportedtothepark词汇六increaseone’sawarenessof增强某人的……意识◆要点必记(1)raise/strengthenone’sawarenessof提高/增强某人的……意识environmentalawareness环保意识(2)awareadj.知道的;意识到的;察觉到的beawareof/that意识到;明白makesb.awareof使某人意识到asfarasI’maware据我所知notthatI’mawareof我不知道◆单句语法填空(1)[2019·北京卷]EarthDay,markingon22April,isanannualeventaimingtoraisepublic
(aware)aboutenvironmentalprotection.(2)Inmyopinion,it’sveryimportanttoimprovetheirenvironmental
(aware)now.(3)Itwasn’tuntilherfriendwasbadlyhurtthatKerrybecameaware
herhabitoffindingfault.◆同义句转换(4)Ifchildrenrealisetheimportanceofstudy,theywillstudyhard.→Ifchildren
theimportanceofstudy,theywillstudyhard.awareness
awareness
of
areawareof词汇七recyclev.再利用,回收利用◆教材原句recycleusedbatteries回收旧电池◆要点必记recycledmaterials回收的材料 recyclepaper/glass回收纸/玻璃 recyclingn.回收利用◆词语积累re-为动词前缀,表示“再,又”:cyclen.循环;周期→recyclev.再利用;回收利用placev.放;置→replacevt.取代;放回movev.移动→removevt.移开;挪走usevt.使用→reusevt.再利用buildv.建;建造→rebuildv.重建◆单句语法填空(1)[2018·全国Ⅱ卷]Makinglovelyobjectsusing
(recycle)andmadematerials.(2)Thegarbageisthentakenawayand,ifpossible,
(recycle).◆单句写作(3)[2018·浙江卷]Paperbags
(很容易被循环利用)butrequiremoreenergytoproduceandtransport.◆翻译句子(4)始终正确地处理你的垃圾,并在可能的情况下回收废物。__________________________________________________________________________recycled
recycled
areeasilyrecycled
Alwaysgetridofyourrubbishproperlyandrecyclewastewherepossible.词汇八inharmonywith与……和谐,与……协调◆教材原句livinginharmonywithnature与自然和谐相处◆要点必记(1)harmonyn.和谐;融洽inharmony用和声
outofharmony不协调,不和谐live/workinharmony(with)(与……)和睦地生活/工作socialharmony社会融洽 colourharmony色彩协调(2)harmoniousadj.和谐的;融洽的 aharmonioussociety一个和谐的社会◆单句语法填空(1)Hissuggestionsare
harmonywiththeaimsofthisproject.(2)Firstandforemost,a
(harmony)butcompetitiveinteractioninagroupwillhelpwitheveryone’slearning.◆单句写作(3)Humanlifeisregardedaspartofnatureand,assuch,theonlywayforustosurviveisto
(与自然和谐相处).(4)只有当我们学会与自然和谐相处时,我们才能停止对野生动物和地球的威胁。____________________________________________________________________________in
harmonious
liveinharmonywithnatureOnlywhenwelearntoexistinharmonywithnaturecanwestopbeingathreattowildlifeandtoourplanet.词汇九balance(1)n.平衡;称(2)
v.平衡;均衡◆教材原句maintainingthebalancebetweenhumanandnature保持人与自然的平衡◆要点必记(1)thebalanceofnature自然平衡keepone’sbalance保持平衡loseone’sbalance失去平衡keepabalancebetweenAandB保持A与B的均衡onbalance总的来说(2)balancedadj.平衡的,均衡的 abalanceddiet均衡饮食◆单句语法填空(1)[2019·北京卷]AnA-teammayrequire
balance—notjustAplayers,butafewgenerousBplayersaswell.(2)Mymotheralwaystriesherbesttoprovidea
(balance)dietforDadandme.◆单句写作(3)RichcountriesgainmorefrompowerfulNiños,
(总的来说),thantheylose.(4)Whenhewasrunningafterhisbrother,theboy
(失去了平衡)andhadabadfall.◆翻译句子(5)为了保持自然的平衡,许多方法已经被尝试。_______________________________________________________________________a
balanced
onbalance
losthisbalanceManymethodshavebeentriedtokeepthebalanceofnature.词汇十doone’spartforsth.尽自己所能做某事◆教材原句doingmypartfortheenvironment为环境尽我的一份力量◆要点必记takepartin参与,参加(活动) takeanactivepartin积极参加play/havethepartin在……中起作用;在……中扮演角色playthepartof扮演……的角色 forone’spart就某人而言forthemostpart基本上;通常
haveaparttoplay(in)参与(某事);与某事有关系inpart一定程度上;部分地◆单句语法填空(1)Everyone,whetheryouareoldoryoung,candoyourpart
theenvironment.(2)Areyougoingtotakepart
theWinterOlympicGamesinBeijing&Zhangjiakouin2022?(3)Ourcarbrokedown,but
themostpart,thetriptoMountTaiwasverywonderful.◆单句写作(4)Asscheduled,we
(参加)severalinstructiveactivities.◆翻译句子(5)如今,网络在我们的生活和工作中起着非常重要的作用。___________________________________________________________________________
for
in
for
tookpartinNowadays,theInternetplaysaveryimportantpartinourlifeandwork.词汇十一fightagainst为反对……而斗争;与……争吵;反对……◆教材原句Whatdotheythinkisimportanttofightagainstglobalwarming?他们认为什么是对抗全球变暖的重要因素?◆要点必记fightagainsttheenemy和敌人作战 fightagainsteachother互相打架fightfor努力争取;为……而斗争 fightforjustice为正义而战fightforpeace/freedom为和平/自由而战 fightback还击;抵抗fighthandtohand短兵相接;打肉搏战 fightone’sway奋力辟出一条路;努力奋斗fightwith与……交战;用……反对某人fightwithsb.about/oversth.就某事与某人争辩◆单句语法填空(1)[2017·江苏卷]Withnothingonthehand,theydidn’tdaretofight
thewolf.(2)Theyhavebeenfighting
freedomforyears.◆单句写作(3)Oursoldiersbravely
(短兵相接)withtheenemyinthatcruelbattle.(4)Ithinkhe’llbestrongenoughto(奋力辟出一条路)along!◆翻译句子(5)他们呼吁人民和政府采取措施抗击光污染。
____________________________________________________________________against
for
foughthandtohand
fighthiswayTheycallonpeopleandthegovernmenttotakemeasurestofightagainstlightpollution.重点句式句式一leave+宾语+宾补◆教材原句nottoleavethetaprunning不要让水龙头开着◆句式分析本句中leavethetaprunning是“leave+宾语+宾补”结构。句中的thetap与run之间是主动关系,故用现在分词。◆要点必记句式二with复合结构◆教材原句
nottoleavethehousewithlightsstillon不要亮着灯离开房子◆句式分析
句中的withlightsstillon是with复合结构,宾补由副词on充当。◆要点必记
with复合结构的构成:with+宾语+宾补常在句中作状语,表示原因、方式、时间、条件或伴随等。具体形式主要有:(1)with+宾语+形容词 withthedooropen门开着(2)with+宾语+现在分词(表示主动或正在进行) withadogfollowinghim一只狗跟着他(3)with+宾语+过去分词(表示被动或已经完成) withthetaskfinished任务完成(4)with+宾语+动词不定式(表示尚未发生) withabooktopublish有书要出版(5)with+宾语+介词短语 withabookinhishand他手里拿着一本书◆学法点拨
with复合结构在句中还可作定语。Doyouknowtheladywithababyinherarms?你认识那个抱着婴儿的女士吗?◆单句语法填空(1)Withtheexperiencedguide
(lead)theway,wehadnodifficultygettingthroughtheforest.(2)IthinkthatI’lldowellintheexamwithMrsChen
(teach)me.(3)Withalotofproblems
(settle),Ican’tgoskatingwithyou.(4)Withallthework
(finish),theyhurriedbackhomeforlunch.(5)Themanagercameinwithhisassistant
(follow)him.(6)Theoldmanwalkedinwithastick
hishand.leading
teaching
tosettle
finishedfollowing
in
◆单句写作(7)Wecompletelysolvedtheproblem
(很多科学的方法被使用).(8)
(随着大气污染日益严重),thegovernmentneedstocomeupwithsomeeffectivemeasurestodealwithit.(9)
(有如此多的事情需要处理),Ican’tgoonholiday.(10)Doyouknowthegirl
(眼睛盯着)thepainting?withmanyscientificmethodsusedWithairpollutiongettingworse
Withsomanythingstodealwithwithhereyesfixedon句式三needtobedone某事需要被做◆教材原句Climatechangeisaterribleproblem,anditabsolutelyneedstobesolved.气候变化是一个严重的问题,它绝对需要解决。◆句式分析句中的needstobesolved是needtobedone结构,主语与need后的动词之间是被动关系,也可用主动形式doing表达,即needtobedone=needdoing。◆学法点拨needtodosth.“需要做某事”,表示主语与need后的动词之间是主动关系。want/requiredoing=want/requiretobedone需要被……这个问题需要仔细考虑。Theproblemneedscarefulconsideration.Theproblemneedsconsideringcarefully.Theproblemneedstobeconsideredcarefully.◆单句语法填空(1)Theflowersaredryandtheyneed
(water).(2)Ineed
(get)inshape.HowdoIregisterfortheclasses?(3)We’vehadagoodstart,butnext,moreworkneeds
(do)toachievethefinalsuccess.(4)Inthisarticle,youneed
(back)upgeneralstatementswithspecificexamples.◆同义句转换(5)Thewholehouseneedspainting.→Thewholehouseneeds
.◆句式仿写(6)这个问题需要立即解决。___________________________________________________watering/tobewatered
toget
doing/tobedonetoback
tobepainted
Theproblemneedssolving/tobesolvedrightaway.句式四asif引导方式状语从句◆教材原句Weareusingresourcesasifwehadtwoplanets,notone.我们在使用资源,就好像我们有两个地球,而不是一个。◆句式分析句中的asif
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