2022年江苏省扬州市中考英语真题（解析版）

扬州市2022年初中毕业、升学统一考试英语试题一、单项选择（共15小题；每小题1分，计15分）在下列各题A、B、C、D四个选项中选择一个能填入题干空白处的最佳答案。1.Chinahashelpedend70%ofpovertyworldwidesince________late1970s,accordingto________WorldBank.A.a;a B.the;the C.a;the D.the;a【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：据世界银行称，自20世纪70年代后期以来，中国已帮助消除了全球70%的贫困人口。考查冠词。空格一处表示年代，用“the+年份复数”，表示“在几世纪几十年代”，排除AC；WorldBank“世界银行”是专用名词，前加定冠词the。故选B。2.Placenamesoftenhaveinterestingconnections________thelocallandscapeandpeople.A.in B.on C.at D.to【答案】D【解析】【详解】句意：地名通常与当地景观和人有着有趣的联系。考查介词辨析。in在……里；on在……上；at在；to到。根据“Placenamesoftenhaveinterestingconnections...thelocallandscapeandpeople”可知地名和当地景观和人有联系，haveconnectionsto...“和……有联系”。故选D。3.________astronautsgoonspacewalks,theywearspacesuitstokeepthemselvessafe.A.Though B.Till C.When D.Unless【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意：当宇航员进行太空行走时，他们会穿着宇航服来保护自己的安全。考查连词辨析。Though虽然；Till直到；When当……时候；Unless除非。根据“astronautsgoonspacewalks,theywearspacesuitstokeepthemselvessafe”可知当宇航员太空行走时，他们会穿宇航服，用when引导时间状语从句。故选C。4.XiaSen________asimplelifeandsaveshermoneyfordonations.A.lives B.lived C.wasliving D.willlive【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：夏森过着简朴的生活，攒钱捐款。考查动词时态。根据“andsaveshermoneyfordonations”可知句子描述现在的情况，用一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数，谓语动词用单三。故选A。5.—Tellme,Grandma.________isyourfavouritepersoninthewholewideworld?—That’seasy!It’syou!A.What B.Who C.How D.Whom【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：——爷爷，告诉我，全世界你最喜欢的人是谁？——这很简单。是你！考查特殊疑问词。What什么；Who谁；How怎样；Whom谁。根据“It’syou”可知上文询问人，且疑问词在句中作主语，用疑问代词who。故选B。6.Weyouthsdoourbestforourdreamsandtogetherasmallsuccesscangiveusasenseof________.A.achievement B.department C.treatment D.entertainment【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：我们年轻人尽我们最大的努力实现我们的梦想，共同取得一个小小的胜利就会给我们一种成就感。考查名词。achievement成就；department部门；treatment治疗；entertainment娱乐。根据“asmallsuccesscangiveusasenseof”可知，表达成就感，用名词“achievement”。故选A。7.Protectyourhearing.Don’twaituntilyou________hearathing.A.needn’t B.mustn’t C.shouldn’t D.can’t【答案】D【解析】【详解】句意：保护你的听力。不要等到你什么也听不见。考查情态动词。needn’t不必；mustn’t禁止；shouldn’t不应该；can’t不能。根据“Protectyourhearing.Don’twaituntilyou...hearathing”可知此处表示“现在就开始保护听力，等不能听到声音再保护就晚了”，使用can’t。故选D。8.Insuchcheerfulconversation,thetime________alltooquickly.A.wentup B.wentdown C.wentby D.wentback【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意：在这么欢快的对话中，时间流逝地很快。考查动词短语。wentup上升；wentdown沉下；wentby流逝；wentback追溯。根据“thetime”及“tooquickly”可知，表达时间流逝地快。用短语“wentby”。故选C。9.It’s________oftheboytoleavethetaprunning.A.endless B.homeless C.meaningless D.careless【答案】D【解析】【详解】句意：这个男孩离开时忘记关水龙头很粗心大意。考查形容词辨析。endless无止境的；homeless无家可归的；meaningless无意义的，无价值的；careless粗心大意的。根据“toleavethetaprunning”，可知表达这个男孩走的时候没关水龙头很粗心。故选D。10.—MayIspeaktoWangLi?—Sorry,sheisnotathome.She________sincelastmonth.A.left B.hasleft C.hasbeenaway D.wentaway【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意：——我可以和王丽说话吗？——对不起，她不在家。从上个月开始，她就离开了。考查时态。根据“sincelastmonth”可知句子应使用现在完成时have/hasdone，排除AD；且此处应用延续性动词，而left“离开”是非延续动词，排除B。故选C。11.________thepeoplelockedinside,thefiremenbrokedownthedoor.A.Reach B.Toreach C.Reaching D.Toreaching【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：为了接触被锁在里面的人，消防员破门而入。考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，“thepeoplelockedinside”的目的是“thefiremenbrokedownthedoor”，作目的状语用动词不定式。故选B。12.Peopleincoldareas________warmcolourstocalmcoloursintheirhomes.A.protect B.prefer C.pronounce D.practise【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：寒冷地区的人们更喜欢家中是暖色系，而不是冷色系。考查动词辨析。protect保护；prefer更喜欢；pronounce发音；practise练习。根据“Peopleincoldareas...warmcolourstocalmcolours”以及常识可知寒冷地区的人更喜欢暖色系，prefer...to“与……相比，更喜欢……”。故选B。13.—Ihearthatyoutookpartinaforestclean-upactivitylastSunday.—Yes,it________byourschoolgreenclubtoprotectforests.A.organizes B.organized C.wasorganized D.willbeorganized【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意：——我听说你上周日参加了森林清理活动。——是的。我们学校的环保俱乐部组织了这次活动来保护森林。考查动词的时态和语态。根据“lastSunday”可知是过去的事，是一般过去时。主语“it”指的是“aforestclean-upactivity”，和动词之间是被动关系，表达“被组织”用一般过去时的被动结构“wasorganized”。故选C。14.—Excuseme,couldyoutellme________?—YoucantakeNo.6busthere.It’sabout15minutes’ride.A.howfaristheSlenderWestLake B.howfartheSlenderWestLakeisC.howcanIgettotheSlenderWestLake D.howIcangettotheSlenderWestLake【答案】D【解析】【详解】句意：——打扰一下，你能告诉我怎么去瘦西湖吗？——你可以在那里乘坐6路公交车。大约15分钟的车程。考查宾语从句。句子是宾语从句，用陈述语序，排除AC；根据“YoucantakeNo.6busthere”可知上句询问应如何去某地，用how引导宾语从句。故选D。15.—Mypetdogdiedyesterday.I’minabadmood.—________.Iknowhowitfeels.A.Sorrytohearthat B.That’snotthecase C.Nevermind D.It’sapleasure【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：——我的宠物狗昨天死了。我的心情不好。——很抱歉听到这个消息。我知道那是什么感觉。考查情景交际。Sorrytohearthat很抱歉听到这个消息；That’snotthecase事实并非如此；Nevermind没关系；It’sapleasure别客气。根据“Mypetdogdiedyesterday.I’minabadmood”可知此处应对别人的不幸遭遇表示同情，选项A符合语境。故选A。二、完形填空（共15小题：每小题1分，计15分）阅读下面短文，从文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。Lateonenight,Gulliverreceivedawarningthatsomenobleswantedhimkilled.EventheemperorofLilliputwantedtogivehimlessfoodtosave___16___.ItwastrueGulliverwasveryexpensive.Quickly,hewrotealettertotheemperor,“I’m___17___tovisitBlefuscu,asIpromised.”Thenhehurrieddowntothesea___18___LilliputandBlefuscu.ThekingofBlefuscuhimselfcameouttomeethim.“Welcome!”criedtheking.“Stayas___19___asyoulike.”Walkingonthebeachaweeklater,Gulliversawoutatseaasmallboat—butafull-sizedone.Itwas___20___upsidedowninthewater.Gulliverrushedtotheking.Hebegged,“Canyouhelpmerescuetheboat?Thiscouldbemychancetogohome.”“Ofcourse,”saidtheking.“Takesomeshipstohelpyou.”Gulliverswamouttotheboat,holdingropesfromeachofthe___21___.WiththeshipspullingandGulliver___22___,theboatwasbroughtsafelytoshore.Gulliverandtheking’smensetaboutfixingtheboatforhislongjourneyhome.Soon,theboatwasfinished.“I’dliketoleavenow,”Gullivertoldtheking.“Butnooneathomewill___23___mystory.CouldItakesomeofyourpeoplewithme?”“Ican’tpossibly___24___that,”saidtheking.“Butyoumaytakesome____25____andasheep.”HealsogaveGulliverfiftybagsofgoldcoins.“Idon’twantyoutogo,”hesaid.“ButIunderstand____26____youhaveto.”“Thankyou,”saidGulliver.“I’llnever____27____youall.”Afteronlyafewdaysatseainhisboat,Gulliversawaship.Heshoutedandwavedwildly.Hewas____28____!Onesailorfoundhim.Theshipsailedoverand____29____Gulliver.“Wherehaveyoucomefrom?”askedthecaptain.“AplacecalledLilliput.”saidGulliverandheshowedthecaptainthe____30____fromtheemperor.Thecaptainwassosurprised.Forafewgoldcoinsandacoupleofcows,heagreedtotakeGulliverallthewayhome.—AdaptedfromGulliver’sTravels16.A.life B.time C.money D.energy17.A.against B.beyond C.off D.through18.A.between B.among C.upon D.during19.A.long B.far C.often D.soon20.A.taking B.falling C.swimming D.floating21.A.boats B.ships C.men D.sails22.A.filling B.shaking C.pushing D.carrying23.A.make B.expect C.suppose D.believe24.A.require B.refuse C.avoid D.allow25.A.food B.people C.coins D.cows26.A.when B.how C.why D.whether27.A.forget B.regret C.force D.obey28.A.indanger B.inluck C.infear D.inpeace29.A.pickedup B.gaveup C.setup D.dressedup30.A.awards B.presents C.victims D.rewards【答案】16.C17.C18.A19.A20.D21.B22.C23.D24.D25.D26.C27.A28.B29.A30.B【解析】【导语】本文节选自《格列佛游记》，主要讲述了格列佛在国王的帮助下修好了船只，带着国王的礼物回到了自己的国家。【16题详解】句意：就连小人国的皇帝也想少给他食物以省钱。life生活；time时间；money钱；energy能量。根据“EventheemperorofLilliputwantedtogivehimlessfoodtosave...ItwastrueGulliverwasveryexpensive”可知皇帝是为了省钱才给他少量的食物。故选C。【17题详解】句意：我要离开去不来夫斯库。against反对；beyond超过；off离开；through通过。根据“...tovisitBlefuscu...”可知他要离开小人国去不来夫斯库。故选C。【18题详解】句意：然后他急忙下到小人国和不来夫斯库之间的海里。between在两者之间；among在……之间；upon在上面；during在……期间。根据“LilliputandBlefuscu”可知海在两国之间，用between。故选A。【19题详解】句意：你喜欢待多久就待多久。long长的；far远的；often经常；soon很快。根据“Stayas...asyoulike”可知此处指待多长时间，aslongasyoulike“想待多久待多久”。故选A。【20题详解】句意：它上下颠倒地漂浮在水里。taking带走；falling掉落；swimming游泳；floating漂浮。根据“unsidedowninthewater”可知船漂浮在海里。故选D。【21题详解】句意：格列佛游到船上，拿着每艘船上的绳索。boats小船；ships船；men男人；sails航行。根据“Withtheshipspulling”可知此处指船上的绳子。故选B。【22题详解】句意：随着船只的拉动和格列佛的推动，船被安全地带到了岸边。filling充满；shaking摇晃；pushing推；carrying携带。根据“WiththeshipspullingandGulliver”可知船拉，格列佛推。故选C。【23题详解】句意：但是没有人会相信我的故事。make制作；expect期待；suppose推断；believe相信。根据“CouldItakesomeofyourpeoplewithme”可知他要带一些人走，因为他家乡的人不会相信他的故事。故选D。【24题详解】句意：我可能不会允许。require需要；refuse拒绝；avoid避免；allow允许。根据“Butyoumaytakesome...andasheep”可知国王不允许他带人走，让他带一些牛和羊。故选D。【25题详解】句意：但是你可以带走一些牛和一只羊。food食物；people人；coins硬币；cows牛。根据“Forafewgoldcoinsandacoupleofcows”可知国王给了他一些牛。故选D。26题详解】句意：但是我理解你为什么不得不走。when什么时候；how如何；why为什么；whether是否。根据“ButIunderstand...youhaveto”可知国王理解他为什么一定要走。故选C。【27题详解】句意：我永远不会忘记你们所有人。forget忘记；regret后悔；force迫使；obey遵守。根据“I’llnever...youall”可知是不会忘记他们。故选A。【28题详解】句意：他很幸运。indanger处于危险中；inluck幸运；infear害怕；inpeace和平地。根据“Onesailorfoundhim”可知他很幸运，有人发现了他。故选B。【29题详解】句意：船驶过，接走了格列佛。pickedup捡起，接载；gaveup放弃；setup建立；dressedup装扮。根据“Theshipsailedoverand...Gulliver.”可知是这个船接载了他。故选A。【30题详解】句意：他向船长展示了皇帝的礼物。awards奖；presents礼物；victims受害者；rewards报酬。根据“Forafewgoldcoinsandacoupleofcows”可知这些是皇帝送给他的礼物。故选B。三、阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，计30分）阅读下列内容，从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。AWetlandsareanylandthatisfloodedwithshallowwaterallormostofthetime.Theyareanaturalwaterholdingsystem.Therearemanytypesofwetlands.Amongthem,bogs,marshesandswampsarethethreemaintypes.Thedifferenttypesofwetlandshavedifferentkindsofplants.Onlymosses(苔藓)andafewotherkindsofplantscangrowinbogs.Grassyplantslikecattails（香蒲）andreeds(芦苇)arethemostcommonplantsinamarsh.Aswampisaforestwhosegroundisunderwaterallormostofthetime.Unlikebogsormarshes,aswampisfulloftreesandbushes.It’snotagoodideatogoexploringaswampwithoutaguide.Therearehiddenpoolsofwater,thickmud,andsometimesbigcrocodiles(鳄鱼)lookingfortheirnextmeal.Hungrycrocodilesaren’ttheonlyanimalsthatmakethewetlandstheirhome.Otters,turtles,frogs,snakesandmanyotheranimalsdotoo.Thewaterishometomanykindsoffishandcrabs.Birds,includingducks,geeseandcranes,usewetlandsseasonallyduringtheirlongmigrations.Wetlandsareimportantbecausetheyprovidehabitatsforplantsandanimals.Awetlandsystemcanalsoprotectshorelines,makepollutedwatersclean,preventfloods,andrestoreundergroundwatersupplies.AccordingtoWWF,morethanhalfoftheworld’swetlandshavedisappearedsincethebeginningofthe20thcentury.Ifthiscontinues,countlessplantandanimalspecieswillsurelydieout.Withoutwetlands,citieshavetospendmoremoneytreatingwater.Don’tfeelhelpless.Trytodoyourparttoprotectthemrightnow.Herearesomeideas.31.AccordingtoParagraph2,whatcanyouseeinaswamp?A.Mosses. B.Cattails. C.Reeds. D.Trees.32.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisTRUE?A.Wetlandsareaman-madewaterholdingsystem.B.Therearethreetypesofwetlandsintheworld.C.Peoplecannotmeetwithbigcrocodilesinwetlands.D.Wetlandscanprotectshorelinesandpreventfloods.33.WhatisthewriterprobablygoingtotalkaboutafterParagraph5?A.Whatarethedifferenttypesofwetlands?B.Whatwillhappenifwetlandsdisappear?C.Whatactionscanpeopletaketoprotectwetlands?D.Whatotherkindsofplantsandanimalsliveinwetlands?【答案】31.D32.D33.C【解析】【导语】本文主要介绍了三种不同的湿地，不同的湿地有不同的植物和动物，而且湿地很重要，所以我们要采取行动保护湿地。【31题详解】细节理解题。根据“aswampisfulloftreesandbushes”可知在沼泽地里有树木和灌木。故选D。【32题详解】细节理解题。根据“wetlandsystemcanalsoprotectshorelines,makepollutedwatersclean,preventfloods”可知湿地系统还可以保护海岸线、防止洪水。故选D。【33题详解】推理判断题。根据“Trytodoyourparttoprotectthemrightnow.Herearesomeideas”可知接下来会介绍应如何保护湿地。故选C。BEverymonth,Juliaandhercousinswouldgoforthebigfamilymealattheirgrandparents’house.Oneachvisit,theirgrandpawouldgivethemafewcoins.Thenallthechildrenwouldrunofftobuysweets.Oneday,hegatheredthechildrentogether.Hesaid,“Let’shaveacompetitiontoseewhocanmanagemoneywisely.Attheendofthisyear,tellmehowyou’veusedyourmoney.”RubenandNico,thetwosmallestkids,continuedspendingtheirmoneyallonsweets.Everytime,theywouldshowofftheirsweetsinfrontoftheotherchildren.ThismadeClaraandJoesoangrythatthesetwocouldnolongerkeepsavingtheirmoney.TheysoonjoinedRubenandNico.Montywasacleverboy.Hedecidedtomanagehismoneybybuyingandsellingthings.Soonhemadealotofmoneywithlittleeffort.Thewayhewasgoing,hewouldendupalmostarichman.However,hebegantospendhismoneyonmoreandmoreexpensivethingsforhimself.Afewmonthslater,hehadn’tasinglepenny（便士）left.Alexsavedandsavedallthecoinshewasgiven,andattheendoftheyearhehadcollectedmoremoneythananyone.Hewastheclearwinner.TherewasalsoJulia.PoorJuliahadn’tapennyonthedayofthecompetition.Shehadspentallhercoinsonhersecretplan.Juliaknewapoorviolinistwhoplayedinthepark,andsheofferedhimallthecoinsforhisviolinlessons.Althoughitwasn’tmuchmoney,onseeingJulia’sexcitement,theviolinistagreed.Alittleafterayeartheviolinistloanedheraviolinsotheytwocouldplaytogetherinthepark.Theyweresosuccessfulthatshemanagedtobuyherownviolin.Evenbetter,shelaterbecameaveryfamousviolinist.34.Whydidthechildren’sgrandpasuggestthecompetitiontothem?A.Toencouragethemtowincompetitions. B.Toteachthemhowtomanagetheirmoney.C.Totellthemmoneywasimportanttothem. D.Toknowwhowasthecleverestchildinthefamily.35.Theunderlinedwords“thesetwo”inParagraph2referto（指的是）________.A.ClaraandJoe B.RubenandNico C.MontyandAlex D.AlexandJulia36WhatcanwelearnfromJulia’sstory?A.Getrichslow,orgetpoorfast.B.Littleeffortalwaysbringsmuchmoney.C.Alittlemoneywellspentcanhelprealizeyourdreams.D.Itisnotwiseofyoutospendallthemoneyyou'vegot.37Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.Grandpa’scoins B.Julia’scousinsC.Asavingcompetition D.Ahappyfamily【答案】34.B35.A36.C37.C【解析】【导语】本文主要讲述了Julia的爷爷为了教导孩子如何理财，进行了一场特殊的比赛，看每个人如何花钱。通过这个比赛，孩子们明白，通过好好计划，很少的钱也可以带来意想不到的收获和惊喜，甚至可以实现自己的梦想。【34题详解】细节理解题。根据“Let’shaveacompetitiontoseewhocanmanagemoneywisely”可知他是为了教导孩子如何明智地理财。故选B。【35题详解】推理判断题。根据“ThismadeClaraandJoesoangrythatthesetwocouldnolongerkeepsavingtheirmoney”可知Clara和Joe非常生气，所以他们也不再坚持存钱了，故此处划线部分指代“ClaraandJoe”。故选A。【36题详解】推理判断题。根据“Theyweresosuccessfulthatshemanagedtobuyherownviolin.Evenbetter,shelaterbecameaveryfamousviolinist”可知Julia用自己的钱帮助了那个小提琴手，最后她也在那个小提琴手的帮助下获得了成功，成为了一个著名的小提琴手，由此可知有时花一点钱可以实现自己的梦想。故选C。【37题详解】最佳标题题。本文主要讲述了Julia的爷爷为了教导孩子如何理财，进行了一场特殊的比赛，看每个人如何花钱。通过这个比赛，孩子们明白，通过好好计划，很少的钱也可以带来意想不到的收获和惊喜，甚至可以实现自己的梦想，故文章以“一场存钱比赛”展开。故选C。CMyfive-year-oldsonbefriendsthewoman.Itstartswithvoicesintheyard.WhenIcomeouttocheckonDaniel,hisfaceispressedonthefence（篱笆）.Thewomansays,“Youwaitrighthere;I’llberightback.”Shereturnswithasaw（锯子）.There’sawhirring.Acircleinthewoodenfencedropsoutofsight.“Dad!SandyjustdrilledoutaholeinthefencesoSandyandIcantalk!”Danielspinsaround.Ihadn’tknownhernamewasSandy.We’velivedhereamonthbeforeDanielwasborn.Daniel’sandSandy’smurmuringvoicescontinue.WheneverDanielisoutside,hecirclesnearthefencethatisn’tafenceanymore.Somedaysmysonjustgoestostandatthehole,yelling,“Sandy!Saaaaandyyyyy!”SometimesIhearbitsoftheirtalk.“Wepaintedaghostatschool.”Or:“WheelerandJacksonwereplayingfootball,andtheytoldmeIcouldn’tplay.”“Thatwasn’tverynice,”saysSandy.“Didthathurtyourfeelings?Didyouletthemknowthat?”Ican’thearhowhereplies.Amomentofenvyrunsthroughme.Henevertalksabouthisschoolthingswithme.DanielandSandynotonlykeepchattingthroughthehole,theyalsoexchangegifts.Acoloringbook,thenaHotWheelscar.It’sunclearwhatDanielgivesSandyinreturn.Oneafternoon,IhearSandy’svoicefloatingoverthetopofthefencewiththehole.“IthoughtmaybeDanielcouldcomeforaplaydate.”WeringthebellonSandy’sporch.She’samiddle-agedwomanwithsmilingeyes.Sandy’syardissweetwiththesmellofflowers.WehaveapleasantafternoonwithSandy,myson’sadultfriend,thefirstfriendDanielhasmadeonhisown.Amonthlater,SandyleavestocareforhermotherinKansas.Sheleftbehindaboxofpresents:acoloringbook,sidewalkchalk,themissingorangepartintheHotWheelstrack.WhenIlookatDaniel,he’slookingdownathisshoes.Hesometimeswandersdowntothefence.Insteadofcalling“Sandy!Saaaaandyyyyy!”hecries.“Hello!Helloooooo!”Oneday,DanielreceivesSandy’spostcard.Theywritefrequently,warmly.38.Whichofthefollowingisthecorrectorderofthestory?a.SandyleavesforKansastocareforhermother.b.DanielandSandyexchangegiftsthroughthehole.c.DanielandSandyaregoodpenfriends.d.Sandydrillsoutaholeinthefence.e.SandyinvitesDanieltocometoheryardforaplaydate.A.dbeac B.badec C.dceab D.ecadb39.WhichsentenceshouldgointheemptyboxinParagraph4fromthebottom?A.TheneighbourhoodIgrewupinhasafencelikethis.B.We’vepassedthroughtheholeinthefence.C.BeyondthatfencestandsSandy’sbluehouse.D.I’mapersonwholooksonthebadsideofthefence.40.WhatcanweknowaboutDanielfromtheunderlinedsentencesinthestory?A.Hedoesn’tcareaboutSandy’sleaving. B.HeisimpressedwiththeshoesfromSandy.C.Heisheartbrokenwhenhearingthenews. D.HedoesnotwanttobeSandy’sfriendanymore.41.Whichsentencebestexpressesthethemeofthestory?A.Parentsarechildren’sbestfriends. B.Trustandfriendshipcangobeyondages.C.Agoodfencemakesagoodneighbour. D.Grassisgreenerontheothersideofthefence.【答案】38.A39.B40.C41.B【解析】【导语】本文讲述作者的儿子丹尼尔和成年的朋友桑迪忘年交的经历。【38题详解】推理判断题。根据“SandyjustdrilledoutaholeinthefencesoSandyandmecantalk”可知，桑迪在篱笆挖了一个洞；根据“DanielandSandynotonlykeepchattingthroughthehole,theyalsoexchangegifts”可知，丹尼尔和桑迪通过洞交换礼物；根据“IthoughtmaybeDanielcouldcomeforaplaydate”可知，桑迪邀请丹尼尔来她的庭院参加玩耍聚会；根据“Amonthlater,SandyleavestocareforhermotherinKansas”可知，桑迪动身到堪萨斯州去照顾她的母亲。根据“Oneday,DanielreceivesSandy’spostcard”可知，丹尼尔和桑迪是很好的笔友。正确顺序是dbeac。故选A。【39题详解】推理判断题。根据“WehaveapleasantafternoonwithSandy,myson’sadultfriend,thefirstfriendDanielhasmadeonhisown”可知，作者和桑迪度过了愉快的下午，儿子的成年朋友丹尼尔是他自己交的第一位朋友，儿子和桑迪之前通过篱笆的洞进行交流，现在直接见面，已经打破了篱笆的障碍。B选项“我们穿越了篱笆的那个洞”合适。故选B。【40题详解】推理判断题。根据“he’slookingdownathisshoes”及“hecries”可知，儿子舍不得桑迪的离开，听到那个消息感到伤心。故选C。【41题详解】主旨大意题。文章主要讲述作者的儿子丹尼尔和成年的朋友桑迪忘年交的经历。B选项“Trustandfriendshipcangobeyondages信任和友谊可以打破年龄的界线”可概括。故选B。DResearchersatChinaAerospaceScienceandIndustryCorp,aState-owneddefensecontractor,havedevelopedandmadetheworld’sfirstrobotwhaleshark（鲸鲨）.Theroboticsharkhasbeenondisplayinanaquarium（水族馆）atShanghaiHaichangOceanParksinceJanuary.Awhalesharkisaslow-movingcarpetsharkandthelargestknownlivingfish.DesignedandbuiltbyengineersattheShenyang-basedNo111Factory,theunderwaterrobotis4.7meterslong,weighs350kilogramsandcanmove42metersaminute.Poweredbyalithiumbattery,itcanswim,turn,floatanddivelikearealsharkbymovingitsmechanicalfins（鳍）.Themouthandgills（鳃）canalsoopenandcloselikeashark’s.Thebiomimeticsharkismadeofsensors（传感器）,multi-jointfins,batteries,andsystemswhichenableittoavoidwhat’sinthewayinalldirections.“Therobotcanreachadepthof10metersandworkforaslongas10hours,”saidFangXuelin,aseniorresearcherinchargeoftherobotsharkprogram.“Thesharkcanberemotelycontrolledandcanalsoswimbasedonpresetprogramsoritsownsensors,”hesaid.“Wehavebuiltmultiplekindsofrobotfishes,andtheroboticwhalesharkisthelargestmechanicalfishwehavemadesofar,”Fangadded.“Ourrobotsaretoservethreepurposes—toperforminaquariumsforentertainment,spreadknowledgeabouttheseaandaquatic（水生的）animalsamongyoungsters,andcarryoutscientifictaskssuchashydrologicalsurveys,underwaterphotographyandenvironmentalinspection.”“Thefactorynowplanstodevelopmoretypesofaquaticrobots,includingsomeextinctmammals（哺乳动物）,fordisplayinparksandschools.Itwillalsopromotetheproductstobusinessesengagedinfieldssuchasunderwatersalvageandmineralprospecting,”hesaid.42.Thewhalesharkondisplayis________.A.theworld’sfirstrobot B.thelargestlivingfishC.a7.4-meter-longshark D.aroboticshark43.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“biomimetic”inParagraph5mean?A.仿生的 B.虚拟的 C.杂交的 D.变异的44.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.Thesharkisthefirstmechanicalfishmadeatthefactory.B.Poweredbyalithiumbattery,thesharkcanswimwithoutstopping.C.Thefactoryhasbuiltmultiplekindsofrobotfishesincludingtheshark.D.Thefactoryhasdevelopedsomeextinctmammalsfordisplayinparks.45.WhatdoesParagraph8mainlytalkabout?A.Thelimitsoftheaquaticrobots. B.Thepurposesoftheaquaticrobots.C.Theprogressinmakingaquaticrobots. D.Thestepstodevelopingaquaticrobots.【答案】42.D43.A44.C45.B【解析】【导语】本文讲述中国航天科工集团有限公司的研究员研发的世界上首个机器鲸鲨的主要特点和用途。【42题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“theworld’sfirstrobotwhaleshark”可知，展览的是世界上第一个机器鲸鲨。故选D。【43题详解】词义猜测题。根据第四段“DesignedandbuiltbyengineersattheShenyang-basedNo111Factory”及第五段“Poweredbyalithiumbattery,itcanswim,turn,floatanddivelikearealshark”可知，鲸鲨是工程师设计和制作出来的，像真实的鲨一样可以游泳，转弯，漂浮和潜水。“biomimetic”表达“仿生的”。故选A。【44题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Wehavebuiltmultiplekindsofrobotfishes,andtheroboticwhalesharkisthelargestmechanicalfishwehavemadesofar”可知，工厂已经建了很多种类的机器鱼，机器鲸是目前制作的最大的机械鱼。C选项表述准确。故选C。【45题详解】段落大意题。根据“Ourrobotsaretoservethreepurposes—toperforminaquariumsforentertainment,spreadknowledgeabouttheseaandaquaticanimalsamongyoungsters,andcarryoutscientifictaskssuchashydrologicalsurveys,underwaterphotographyandenvironmentalinspection”可知，第八段主要讲述了制作水生机器鱼的目的。故选B。四、词汇运用（共10小题；每小题1分，计10分）根据句子意思，用括号中所给汉语提示或英语单词的适当形式填空。在答题卡标有题号的横线上，写出空缺处所填单词的正确形式。（每空一词）46.Letmerepeat________whathejustsaid.（exact）【答案】exactly【解析】【详解】句意：让我准确地重复他刚说的话。动词“repeat”用副词修饰。表达“准确地”用“exact”的副词形式“exactly”。故填exactly。47.Excuseme,whatproblemsarewereally________tosolve?（try）【答案】trying【解析】【详解】句意：对不起，我们真的在设法解决什么问题？try“试图，设法”，根据“whatproblemsarewereally...tosolve”可知此处表示正设法解决什么问题，用现在进行时bedoing，故此处用现在分词。故填trying。48.A________competitivespiritcanpushpeopletotrytobebetter.（health）【答案】healthy【解析】【详解】句意：健康的竞争精神可以促使人们努力变得更好。根据“competitivespirit”，此处用形容词healthy“健康的”作定语，表示“健康的竞争精神”。故填healthy。49.Afteranight’srain,themountainsaremuchgreenerandtheairismuch________.（fresh）【答案】fresher【解析】【详解】句意：下了一夜的雨，山更绿了，空气也更清新了。fresh“清新的”，根据“themountainsaremuchgreener”以及“much”可知此处用形容词的比较级作表语。故填fresher。50.Workingasateammeanscelebrating________andfacinglossestogether.（victory）【答案】victories【解析】【详解】句意：作为团队一起工作意味着一起庆祝胜利和面对失败。动词“celebrating”后缺宾语，根据“andfacinglosses”可知表达庆祝胜利，是复数概念，用复数名词“victories”。故填victories。51.Lifeislikeaboxof________.Youneverknowwhatyou’regonnaget.（巧克力）【答案】chocolates【解析】【详解】句意：生命就像一盒巧克力，你永远不知道你将会拿到哪块。介词“of”后缺宾语，表达“一盒巧克力”用“aboxofchocolates”。故填chocolates。52.TheCommunistPartyofChinaisnowleadingthenationtowardbuildingagreat________socialistcountry.（现代的）【答案】modern【解析】【详解】句意：中国共产党正在带领民族建设社会主义现代化强国。此处修饰名词“socialistcountry”应用形容词modern“现代的”。故填modern。53.________minutesaftersheleft,itstartedtosnowheavily.（三十）【答案】Thirty【解析】【详解】句意：她离开三十分钟后，天开始下大雪。三十：thirty，此处表示数量，用基数词，放句首首字母大写。故填Thirty。54.Ifwedroplitterinapublicplace,we’llbe________bythepolice.（罚款）【答案】fined【解析】【详解】句意：如果我们在公共场所丢垃圾，我们会被警察罚款。罚款：fine，主语we和谓语fine之间是被动关系，此处用过去分词和be动词构成被动语态。故填fined。55.Mumjoinedourlittlegroupandintroduced________toournewfriends.（她自己）【答案】herself【解析】【详解】句意：妈妈加入我们这个小组，向我们的新朋友介绍她自己。动词“introduced”后缺宾语，表达“她自己”用反身代词“herself”。故填herself。五、阅读表达（共5小题；每小题2分，计10分）阅读短文，回答下面5个问题。（每题答案不超过10个词）Youdon’tknowmeunlessyoureadabookcalledTheAdventuresofTomSawyer.Huck’smyname,HuckleberryFinn.Thatbookendslikethis:mybestfriend,TomSawyer,andIfound$12,000ingoldinacave.Webecamerich.Wegot$6,000each.Mymotherdiedlongagoandthenmydad,Pap,disappeared.Hewasalwaysdrunkandheoftenbeatme.ThenakindoldladycalledWidowDouglastookmeintoherhometolive.Shegavemeabedtosleepinandboughtnewclothesforme.Shereadstoriestomeandtaughtmehowtoeatatatable.Shesentmetoschooleveryday.Ihatedthosenewclothes.Imissedmyoldlife.Iputonmyoldclothesandranawayandwasfreeandhappy,butTomSawyerfoundmeandsaidthatifIwantedtojoinhisclub,Iwouldhavetoreturntolivewiththewidow.Forthisreason,Ireturnedtolivewithher.Themonthspassedandwintercame.Theweathergotcold.OnemorningIwokeupandtherewassnowontheground.OnmywaytoschoolIsawsomefootprintsoutsidethewidow’shouse.Myheartjumped.Pap!“He’sheardaboutmymoney,”Ithought.“Andhewantsit!”WhenIlitmycandleandwentuptomyroomthatnight,theresatPap—hisownself!Iexpectedtobescaredofhimnow,butIwasn’t.Istoodlookingathim;hesetthere—lookingatme.Papwasnearlyfiftyyearsold.Hisblackhairwaslonganduncombedanddirty.Hehadallowedhairtogrowonhisface,whichwasghostlywhite.Justlookingattheuglywhiteskinmademefeelsick.Hisclothes?—dirtyandtorn.Hisfeetshowedthroughlargeholesinhisshoes.Hishatwasonthefloor—anoldblackhatwithalargeholeinit.—TakenfromTheAdventuresofHuckleberryFinn56.Whoistellingthestory?____________________________________________________________57.HowdidTomandHuckbecomerich?___________________________________________________________58.WhydidWidowDouglastakeHuckintolivewithher?___________________________________________________________59.WhydidHuckreturntolivewithWidowDouglas?___________________________________________________________60.WhatisHuck’sfatherlikeinyoureyes?Whydoyouthinkso?___________________________________________________________【答案】56.HuckleberryFinn.57.Theyfound$12,000ingoldinacave.58.Becausehismotherdiedlongagoandhisfatherdisappeared.59.BecausehewantedtojoinTom’sclub.60.Violent.Becausehisfatherwasalwaysdru