2018年6月四级-08直播课讲义17语法

四级语法讲主讲人：欢迎使用讲义并非老师授课的逐字稿，难免有错漏，不符，请以课程讲解为主，有一 简单（一）谓语动词的变Intheprocess,shebuiltaradicallynewlifeandcareer.(2017.06,CET-4,ReadingComprehension,SectionB)Themarketersarealsoseeingbig(2014.12,CET-6,ReadingComprehension,SectionC,Passage这些以竹为食的动物正许多(2014.12,CET-4,Atsomepoint,almostallofuswillexperienceaperiodofradicalprofessionalchange.(2017.06,CET-4,ReadingComprehension,SectionB)Acoupleofrecentpapershavefinallyopenedawindowontheseextraordinary(2017.06,CET-4,ReadingComprehension,Section在过去几十年里，采取了各种措施防止发生(2017.06,CET-4,Theroyalenvironmentalisthasbeenpromotingradicalideasformostofhisadultlife.(2014.12,CET-6,ReadingComprehension,SectionA)Ahandfulofpeoplecanrecallalmosteverydayoftheirlivesinenormous(2017.06,CET-4,ReadingComprehension,SectionInherstudyparticipantswererandomly(随机地)assignedtotwogroups.(2017.06,CET-4,ReadingComprehension,SectionC,PassageTwo)SiliconValleyexecutivesarebeingshamedintoaddingwomentotheirboards.(2014.12,CET-6,ReadingComprehension,SectionC,PassageTwo)Theurbanizationwavecan’tbe(2014.12,CET-6,ReadingComprehension,SectionC,Passage土豪和大妈可能会被收入新版牛津（Oxford）英语词典(2014.06,CET-6,主语的变Manystudents…haveweakskillsinmathematics.(2014.12,CET-4,ReadingComprehension,SectionIndailylife,forgettingactuallyhasclear(2017.06,CET-4,ReadingComprehension,SectionC,PassageFindingways…seemsmorerealisticFindingwaystoimprovethelivesoftheremaining20percentseemsmorerealistic...Findingwaystoimprovethelivesoftheremaining20percentseemsmorerealisticthantryingtorestoreanimaginarygoldenage.(2014.12,CET-4,ReadingComprehension,SectionC,PassageItcanbeveryhardtoforgetembarrassingmoments,(2017.06,CET-4,ReadingComprehension,Section因此，确保大熊猫的生存比以往更重要。(2014.12,CET-4,Itdidn’ttakelongformagazines aryfilmmakerstocometoher“total(2017.06,CET-4,ReadingComprehension,Section…the“average”maleand“average”femalebrainswereslightlydifferent(2016.12,CET-4,ReadingComprehension,SectionMostroads,bridges,transit,watersystems,theelectricgrid,andcommunicationsnetworkswereinstalled50to100yearsago,…(2017.06,CET-4,ReadingComprehension,SectionC,Passage补充：宾语表语的变Thefashionwastoavoid(2014.12,CET-4,ReadingComprehension,SectionRecord’ssuggestionistoprohibitagentsfromhiringmodelswithaBMIbelow18.(2016.12,CET-4,ReadingComprehension,SectionC,PassageTwo)Thatmeansdefeatingthelocksomehow,orbreakingawindow.(2016.12,CET-4,ReadingComprehension,SectionB)（二）简单句的Youactuallylovetip(2016.12,CET-4,ReadingComprehension,SectionC,PassageJammingattacksare y(2016.12,CET-4,ReadingComprehension,SectionWeliketheuniquenatureofthat(2016.12,CET-4,ReadingComprehension,Section…heandhisco-authorareoptimisticaboutmanyaspectsofthe(2014.12,CET-4,ReadingComprehension,SectionC,PassageInthestudy, AvivUniversityresearcherssearchedforsexdifferencesthroughouttheentirehumanbrain.(2016.12,CET-4,ReadingComprehension,SectionAdesignercan’tsurvivewithoutparticipatinginParisFashionWeek(2016.12,CET-4,ReadingComprehension,SectionC,Passage人们把现金作为送给家人或亲密朋友时，通常放在红信封里(2016.12,CET-4,Tothechildrenofthisconnectedera,theworldisonegiantsocialnetwork.(2014.12,CET-6,ReadingComprehension,SectionC,PassageTwo)AnotherissueaffectingrealestateinthecomingyearwillbeAmerica'sfalling(2017.06,CET-4,ReadingComprehension,SectionC,PassageOverthepastthreedecades,theindustryhasmadesomeeffortstoimprovethequalityofitsofferings.(2016.12,CET-4,ReadingComprehension,SectionC,Passage大熊猫是中最稀有的成员，主要中国西南部的森林里(2014.12,CET-4,Consumers,intheU.S.atleast,areactingcautiouslywiththesavings(2016.12,CET-4,ReadingComprehension,SectionC,PassageButatleast,shesays,they izetheoddsof(2017.06,CET-4,ReadingComprehension,SectionC,PassageTodealwithobesity,amixtureofapproaches—includingreformulation,taxationandadjustingportionsizes—willbeneeded.(2016.12,CET-4,ReadingComprehension,SectionC,Passage复习Lookingaroundthecarriage,Isawquiteafewpeoplelikehim,includingacoupleoffattychildrenwithswollencheekspressingagainsttheireyes.(2014.12,CET-4,ReadingComprehension,SectionInaneditorialreleasedMondayintheAmericanJournalofPublicHealth,KatherineRecordandBrynAustinmadetheircasefor ernmentregulationofthefashionindustry.(2016.12,CET-4,ReadingComprehension,SectionC,PassageTwo)Today,however,despiteincreasingdemandforworkerswithstrongskillsinmathematicsandscience,theproportionsofdegreesawardedinscience,math,andengineeringare(2014.12,CET-4,ReadingComprehension,Section二 并列Jammingconcernsarenothingnew,andthey’renotuniquetosecuritysystems.(2016.12,CET-4,ReadingComprehension,SectionB)Today,newproblemshaveemergedintheprocessofresolvingoldones,butthesolutionisnottogobacktothepast.(2014.12,CET-4,ReadingComprehension,SectionC,PassageInasense,forgettingisourbrain'swayofsortingmemories,sothemostrelevantmemoriesarereadyforretrieval.(2017.06,CET-4,ReadingComprehension,SectionC,Passage…hewouldgiveheradateandaskherto lhimabouttheworldeventsonthatday.(2017.06,CET-4,ReadingComprehension,SectionB)…anumberofoil-producingcountriesaretrimmingtheirgasolinesubsidiesandraisingtaxes…(2016.12,CET-4,ReadingComprehension,SectionC,PassageIcouldimaginewhattheteacherwassayingorwhatitlookedlikeinthebook.(2017.06,CET-4,ReadingComprehension,SectionB)发源于青海，流经九个省份，最后注入渤海(2017.06,CET-4,三 复合（一）名词性从Icandefini yrememberwhatIlearnedoncertaindaysatschool.(2017.06,CET-4,ReadingComprehension,SectionB)Justasnoonecouldpredictwhatwouldhappenwithsocialmediainthelastdecade,noonecanaccuraypredictwherethistechnologywilltakeus.(2014.12,CET-6,ReadingComprehension,SectionC,PassageVeisehcanevenputadateonwhenthosetapesstarted(2017.06,CET-4,ReadingComprehension,SectionTheproblemisthattheyareworsethanuseless.(2014.12,CET-4,ReadingComprehension,SectionB)Whatisneededislegislationbanninghighlevelsofsugarysyrupsusedinfoods(2014.12,CET-4,ReadingComprehension,Section…itistruethatsportsunderminetheacademicmissionofAmerican(2014.12,CET-6,ReadingComprehension,SectionAtthecoreofthebookistheideathat“technologyisneutral,butpeople(2014.12,CET-4,ReadingComprehension,SectionC,Passage（二）定语从…they’realsorealisticabouttherisksanddangersthatlie(2014.12,CET-4,ReadingComprehension,SectionC,PassageOftheproducethatdoesappearinthesupermarket,commonlyusedsalespromotionsfrequentlyencouragecustomerstopurchaseexcessivetieswhich…inevitablygeneratewastageinthehome.(2013.12,CET-6,ReadingCollegegraduatesnowmake80percentmorethanpeoplewhohaveonlyahigh-schooldiploma…(2013.12,CET-4,ReadingWerecentlycaughtupwithyogaentrepreneurLeahZaccaria,whoputherselfthroughthefireofchangetocomple yreinventherself.(2017.06,CET-4,ReadingComprehension,Section…andthatincreaseleadstoanincreaseintheconsumptionoffoodandenergy,whichinturncausesariseincarbonemissions.(2014.12,CET-6,ReadingComprehension,SectionC,Passage（三）状语从Whenweacquirenewinformation,thebrainautomaticallytriestoincorporate并)itwithinexistinginformationbyformingassociations.(2017.06,CET-4,ReadingComprehension,SectionC,PassageIfwedoittherightway,wecanreduceurbanization’simpactontheenvironment.(2014.12,CET-6,ReadingComprehension,SectionC,PassageOne)大熊猫对于世界自然（WWF）有着特殊意义。自1961年该成立以来，大熊猫就(2014.12,CET-4,…thoughtherearenopreciseestimates,thewagepremiumforanoutstandingschoolseemstobeevenhigher.(2013.12,CET-4,ReadingManypeopleareborrowingoncreditcardssoheavilythatpayoffratesattheselevelsarenotsufficienttorecovertheircreditcarddebtbytheendoftheirlife…(2013.12,CET-4,Reading第二部分长难句的分析一 特殊结构的长难（一）结Mostblackworkerswouldnotwanttoreturntoatimewhen,onaverage,theyearned40percentlessthantheirwhitecounterparts（职位相当的人）…(2014.12,CET-4,ReadingComprehension,SectionC,PassageSomeofhisnotions,whichoncesoundedabitweird,weresimplyaheadoftheirtime.(2014.12,CET-6,ReadingComprehension,SectionA)（二）嵌套结,whichiswhatthiswebsiterapidlyevolvedinto,endedupconnecting(2014.12,CET-6,ReadingComprehension,SectionC,Passage"Theseextrafeaturesaredeemedunnecessarybythemajorityofshoppers,whichprobablyreflectshowthesetypesofproductsaretypicallymoreexpensivethanregulartoiletpaper,evenwhenonspecialoffer."(2017.06,CET-4,ReadingComprehension,SectionC,Passage（三）平行结Werecordourthoughts,emotions,likesanddislikeson ;weshareourpoliticalviews,socialpreferences,andplans.(2014.12,CET-6,ReadingComprehension,SectionC,Passage换句话说，核能是可以安全(2014.06,CET-4,Heckmanwouldliketoseemoreapprenticeship-style(学徒式)programs,wherekidscanlearnintheworkplace—learnnotjustspecificjobskills,butthekindof“softskills,”likegettingtoworkontimeandgettingalongwithateam,thatarecrucialfor(2013.12,CET-4,ReadingButtheresearchers,wholookedatalargesampleofpeopleoveramonth-longperiod,foundthathappinessisassociatedwithselfish“taking”behaviorandthathavingasenseofmeaninginlifeisassociatedwithselfless“giving”behavior.(2013.12,CET-4,Reading二 基本结构的长难Theimplicationisasharpdeclineinglobaltrade,whichhasplungedpartlybecauseoil-producingnationscannotaffordtoimportasmuchastheyusedto.(2016.12,CET-4,ReadingComprehension,SectionC,PassageIftheydetectsomethingwrongwhilethesystemisarmed,they’lltransmitawirelessalertsignaltoabasestationthatwillthenraisethealarm.(2016.12,CET-4,ReadingComprehension,SectionTheinnovations(创新)thatresultedfromresearchanddevelopmentduringWorldIIandafterwardswerecriticaltotheprosperityofthenationinthesecondhalfofthe20thcentur