Unit2Workingtheland词汇同步练习2

Unit2Workingtheland词汇同步练习1．struggle(vi.&n．)斗争；拼搏；努力2．decade(n.)十年；十年期3．expand(vt.&vi.)使变大；伸展4．circulate(vt.&vi.)循环；流传5．freedom(n.)自由；自主6．therefore(adv.)因此；所以；因而7．occupation(n.)工作；职业；占领8．regret(vt.)遗憾；惋惜(n.)遗憾；懊悔9．focus(n.)焦点；中心点(vt.)集中；聚焦10．reduce(vt.)减少；减缩11．comment(n.)评论；议论(vi.&vt.)表达意见；作出评论12．hunger(n.)饥饿；欲望；(vt.&vi.)(使)饥饿→hungry(adj.)饥饿的；渴望得到的13．equip(vt.&vi.)配备；装备→equipment(n.)设备(不可数)14．export(vt.&vi.)输出；出口→import(反义词)(vt.&vi.)输入；进口15．confuse(vt.)使迷惑；使为难→confusing(adj.)令人迷惑的→confused(adj.)感到迷惑的→confusion(n.)迷惑16．discovery(n.)发现；发觉→discover(vt.)发现；发觉1．thanks_to幸亏；由于；因为2．rid...of摆脱；除去3．be_satisfied_with对……感到满意4．would_rather宁愿；宁可5．build_up逐渐增强；建立；开发6．lead_to导致；造成(后果)7．focus_on集中(注意力、精力等)于8．be_rich_in盛产；富于9．keep...free_from/of使……不含(有害物)10．prefer...to...(与……相比)更喜欢……1．DrYuanLongpinggrowswhatiscalledsuperhybridrice.袁隆平博士种植的是被称为“超级杂交水稻”的稻种。名师指津：whatiscalled...“所谓的……”，what引导宾语从句。例句仿写：我们应该采取措施提高所谓的生活质量。Weshouldtakemeasurestoimprovewhat_is_calledthequalityofliving.2．Recently，however，scientistshavebeenfindingthatlong­termuseofthesefertilizerscancausedamagetothelandand，evenmoredangerous，topeople’shealth.然而，最近科学家发现长期使用这些肥料会造成土地受损，甚至更危险的是，会对人们的健康造成危害。名师指津：现在完成进行时。例句仿写：——你们找到昨天在山中失踪的夫妇了吗？——没有，但是自从那以后，我们一直在尽力和他们取得联系。—Didyoufindthemissingcoupleinthemountainyesterday?—No，butwehave_been_tryingtogetintouchwiththemeversince.3．Ifso，whatdidyoudotogrowthem?如果是这样的话，你怎样来种植这种植物？名师指津：ifso意为“如果是这样的话”，是if引导的条件状语从句的省略形式。例句仿写：这个周日你有空吗？如果有，我们去野营吧。WillyoubefreethisSunday？If_so，let’sgocamping.strugglevt.，vi.&n．斗争，拼搏；努力；挣扎(朗文P2048)She’sstrugglingtobringupafamilyonaverylowincome.她靠着非常微薄的收入艰难地供养一家人。(1)eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(struggletodosth.艰难地做某事，挣扎着做某事,strugglefor...为……而斗争,strugglewithagainst...与……作斗争，同……搏斗))(2)struggletoone’sfeet挣扎着站起来(3)withastruggle费劲地①Somefarmershavetoleavetheirhometownandgotoworkincities，strugglingtoincreasetheirincome.一些农民不得不离开家乡到城市里打工，努力地增加他们的收入。②Wehavetostruggle_withallkindsofdifficultiesfromhomeandabroad.我们必须和来自国内外的各种各样的困难作斗争。③Thesoldierwasbadlywoundedbuthestruggled_to_his_feetatlast.这个战士受了重伤但最后还是挣扎着站了起来。equipvt.&vi.装备；配备教材原句P10：Hethereforegivesmillionsofyuantoequipothersfortheirresearchinagriculture.因此，他资助几百万元供其他人进行农业研究。(1)eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(equip...with...用……装备,equip...forsth./todosth.为了……而装备,bewell/poorlyequipped设备精良的/较差的))(2)eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(equipmentn.装备，设备不可数名词,apieceofequipment一件设备))①Pleaseequipyourselfwithasharppencilandarubberfortheexam.请准备一支削尖的铅笔和一块橡皮参加考试。②Equipped_withnewscientificfarmingmethods，theyhavebeenabletouselessfarmlandthaninthepast.因为掌握了科学的农耕新方法，现在，他们可以使用更少的农田进行耕种。③Wewantoursontohaveaneducationthatwillequiphimforlaterlife.我们想让儿子接受能为其日后生活打下基础的教育。confusevt.使迷惑；使为难；使混乱；混淆(朗文P418)Ifyouareconfusedaboutanything，phonemyoffice.如果你有任何疑问，给我办公室打电话。(1)confuse...with/and...混淆；把……混同；辨别不清beconfusedby被……弄混、糊涂(2)beconfusedabout对……糊涂、不解(3)confusedadj.困惑的，烦恼的(表示人的内心感受)confusingadj.令人费解的；使人困惑的(表示事物的状态)confusionn．困惑①Iconfused_her_with_her_sisterbecausetheyweresoalike.我把她和她妹妹弄混了，因为她们长得太像了。②Thesituationremainsconfusedasbothsidesclaimsuccess.由于双方均宣称获胜，形势依然不明朗。③Therewasaconfusedlookonhisfacewhenhemetwiththeconfusingproblem.当他遇到这个使人困惑的难题时，他脸上露出了困惑的表情。regretv．可惜，后悔，遗憾；惋惜；n.遗憾，抱歉(牛津P1673) Weregrettoinformyouthatyourapplicationhasnotbeensuccessful.我们很遗憾地通知您，您的申请未通过。(1)regreteq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(havingdonesth.,doingsth.))后悔做了某事(2)eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(regrettosay/tell/inform...that...,regret＋that从句遗憾……))(3)eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(withgreat/deepregret很遗憾,toone’sregret让某人感到遗憾的是))①Iregrethavinglefttheworkunfinished；Ishouldhaveplannedeverythingaheadcarefully.我很遗憾未能完成工作，我本来应该事先认真地把每件事情规划得很好。②Wethink，much_to_our_regret，thatwewillnotbeabletovisityounextyear.让我们深感遗憾的是，我们明年不能去拜访你了。reducevt.减少，缩减(2013·辽宁卷阅读理解)Wehavegreatlyreducedourbuyingwedon’tneed.我们已经大大减少购买我们不需要的东西。(1)reduce...to...减少到……reduce...by...减少了……(2)bereducedto沦落为……；陷入某种状态①Thenumberofstudentsinourschoolhas_been_reduced_to2,000.我们学校学生的数目减少到了2000。②Shedoesexerciseeveryday，andshehasreducedherweightby10%。她坚持天天锻炼，已经把体重降低了10%。③Believeitornot，therichmanshouldbe_reduced_toabeggar.信不信由你，那位富人竟然沦落为乞丐。Ⅰ.完成句子1．Lydiareally____________________(后悔中学辍学)．Shehasreallyhadtostruggletomakealivingbecauseofthatdecision.答案：regretsdroppingoutofhighschool2．____________________(因此)，Ifirmlybelievethatourfutureisinourownhands.答案：Therefore3．AsfarasIknow，shenevergaveupand____________________(努力过着一种积极向上的生活)．答案：struggledtoleaveanactivelife4．Asparents，wewantto______________________________(孩子们具有某些特殊技能)．答案：equipourchildrenwithsomespecialskills5．TheoldwomanisdeterminedtolearnhowtousetheInternetto____________________(扩大生意)andreachaglobalmarket.答案：expandherbusinessⅡ.单项填空1．(2014·中国人民大学附属中学摸底考试)—Iregret________youJohnhasbeenfired.—Icanhardlybelievemy’ssuchafineworker.A．telling B．havingtoldC．totell D．tohavetold解析：考查非谓语动词。句意为：——很遗憾地告诉你约翰已经被解雇了。——我几乎不能相信我的耳朵。他是一个如此好的工人。regrettodosth.遗憾地做某事；regretdoingsth.后悔做过某事。regrettotell遗憾地告诉，符合语境。答案：C2．(2014·合肥一检)Iregret________hardlastterm，orIwouldgetfirstprizeinthefinalexam.A．nottostudy B．havingnotstudiedC．tohavenotstudied D．nothavingstudied解析：考查非谓语动词。句意为：我后悔上学期没有努力学习，否则我一定会在期末考试中获得一等奖的。regretdoingsth.后悔做过某事，regrettodosth.遗憾地要做某事。此处表述的是过去的事情，故应用regrethavingdone，否定表达要用nothavingdone。答案：D3．(2014·浙江绍兴调研)—Whatdoyouthinkofherspeechlastnight?—Justsogaveustoomuchinformation，sothateveryonegot________.A．confused B．toconfuseC．confusing D．tobeconfused解析：考查非谓语动词。getconfused为被动语态结构，get相当于助动词be。答案：A4．(2013·安徽合肥名校第三次模拟)—Thecarsgiveoffagreatdealofwastegasinthestreets.—I’msuresomethingwillbedoneto________airpollution.A．reduce B．removeC．collect D．warn解析：考查动词辨析。空处所在句子的句意：但是我确定一些事情会被做来减少大气污染。reduce缩小，减少；remove清除，collect收集，warn警告，提醒，根据句意应该选A。答案：A5．(2014·郑州高三质检)ThechildrentalkedsoloudlyatdinnertablethatIhadtostruggle________.A．tobeheard B．tohaveheardC．hearing D．beingheard解析：考查struggle的用法及不定式的被动语态。句意为：孩子们在餐桌上说话声音那么大，以至于我必须努力喊才能被听到。struggletodosth.努力做某事；根据句意应当用不定式的被动形式。答案：A6．Westudentsshould________ourselveswithknowledgeforthecompetitionnowadaysisveryfierce.A．supply B．equipC．relate D．feed解析：equipsth.用某物武装、装备某人。句意为：我们学生应该用知识武装自己，因为现在竞争非常激烈。答案：Bthanksto幸亏；由于；因为教材原句P10：Thankstohisresearch，theUNhasmoretoolsinthebattletoridtheworldofhunger.多亏了他的研究，联合国在消除世界饥饿的战斗中又多了些方法。eq\b\lc\\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(dueto,asaresultof,becauseof,owingto))由于，因为①Thanks_to_your_encouragement，Imadecontinuousprogressinmath，andfinallymadeupmymindtostudyitintheuniversity.多亏你的鼓励，我在数学上不断进步，最后我下决心上大学就学数学专业。②Itisreportedthattheterribleaccidentwasduetohiscarelessdriving.据报道，这个可怕的事故是由他粗心驾驶造成的。③Asaresultofthebadweather，thefootballmatchwasputoff.由于天气不好，足球赛被推迟了。leadto通向，导致，致使(2012·福建短文填词)Alackofconfidencecanleadtoalotofsuffering.缺乏自信心会导致许多痛苦。leaddosth.使某人做某事lead/livea．..life过……样的生活o...把……领进……leadtheway引路；带路①Thediscoveryofthenewevidenceeventuallyledtotheofficial’sbeingarrested/arrest.新的证据的发现最终导致这名官员被捕。②Asweallknow，allroadslead_to_Rome.众所周知，条条大道通罗马。③Thishasledscientiststothinkoutothersolutionstotheproblem.这就使得科学家不得不想其他解决问题的方法。Ⅰ.完成句子1．Adeepbreathandabalancedmindwillhelp(to)________________(去掉焦虑)andnervousness.答案：ridyouoftheanxiety2．Tobementallyhealthy，youneedto____________________(建立良好的关系)witheachother.答案：buildupgoodrelationships3．Asisknowntousall，successliesinhardworkwhilelaziness__________________(导致失败)．答案：leadstofailure4．Measuresshouldbetakento________thechildrenandold______________(使……免受)thepollutedvegetablesaboveall.答案：keep；freefrom5．________________(幸亏……的支持)fromthelocalgovernment，theycouldrebuildtheirhousessoonaftertheearthquake.答案：ThankstothesupportⅡ.单项填空1．________thesenewtreatments，peoplewithhighbloodpressurecanlivealongandactivelife.A．Thanksto B．AccordingtoC．Asfor D．Insteadof解析：句意为：多亏了这些新治疗措施，患高血压病人能生活的积极健康长寿。thanksto由于，多亏了，符合句意。答案：A2．(2013·浙江卷)Bears________fatstoresthroughoutthesummerandfalltohaveenergyenoughtolastthemthroughtheirwintersleep.A．packup B．buildupC．bringup D．takeup解析：句意为：熊在夏天和秋天积累脂肪，以便有足够的能量使它们度过冬眠。本题考查动词词组辨析。packup打包，收起来；buildup逐渐积累；bringup养育，提出，呕吐；takeup开始从事，把……继续下去，占据。答案：B3．Asweallknow，itishumanactivitythat________theglobalwarming.A．hascomefrom B．havecomefromC．hasledto D．haveledto解析：句意为：众所周知，是人类的活动“导致(leadto)”了全球变暖。主句是强调句型，是对主语humanactivity的强调，谓语动词用单数，故选C项。答案：CDrYuangrowswhatiscalledsuperhybridrice.袁博士种植的是被称为“超级杂交水稻”的稻种。whatiscalledsuperhybridrice用做grows的宾语从句。名词性从句中缺少主语、宾语、表语成分时，用关系代词what连接。①Afterahardtime，theycametowhat_is_calledAmericatoday.艰难的努力后他们来到了现在称作美洲的地方。②WenowliveinwhatiscalledtheInformationAge.我们现在生活在一个信息时代。③Hegraduatedfromwhatwascalledakeyhighschool.他毕业于一所重点高中。Hewouldmuchratherkeeptimeforhishobbies.他更愿把时间花在自己的业余爱好上。wouldrather宁愿、宁可，没有人称和数的变化，所有的人称一律用wouldrather。(1)eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(wouldratherdo宁愿做,\b\lc\\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(wouldratherdo...thando,＝woulddo...ratherthando,＝prefertodo...ratherthando))\a\vs4\al(宁愿……而不愿……；,与其……，倒不如……)))①Nowadays，manycollegegraduateswouldratherhuntforthelittlejobopportunityinbigcitiesthanworkinthepoorareas，wheretheyareingreatneed.现在，许多大学生宁愿在大城市寻找较小的就业机会也不愿到最需要他们的贫穷地区工作。②Rather_than_refusetohelpyou，Iwouldborrowmoneyfrommyfriends.我宁可向朋友借钱，也不愿拒绝帮助你。(2)wouldrather＋从句eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(过去时，表示现在或将来虚拟,过去完成时，表示过去虚拟))wouldratherhavedone本来想……而未实现③—DoyoumindifIsmoke？你介意我抽烟吗？—Well，I’drather(that)youdidn’t.嗯，最好别抽。④MaryisfeelingwouldratherIhadn’t_told_herthebadnews.玛丽感到沮丧，我要是没把这个坏消息告诉她就好了。Recently，however，scientistshavebeenfindingthatlong­termuseofthesefertilizerscancausedamagetothelandand，evenmoredangerous，topeople’shealth.然而，最近科学家发现长期使用这些肥料会造成土地受损，甚至更危险的是，会对人们的健康造成危害。havebeenfinding是现在完成进行时。现在完成进行时表示一个动作开始于过去，持续到现在，并强调现在还在进行。①—Ihavegotaheadache.——我头疼。—Nohave_been_workinginfrontofthatcomputertoolong.——难怪你头疼，你在电脑前工作的时间太长了。②Nowonderyouaresohavebeenworkingallday.难怪你这么累，你工作一天了。Ⅰ.完成句子1．Thegirlseldom，________________(如果有过的话)，turnedtoherbrotherforprotection.答案：ifever2．—IhearMrWanghaspassedthedrivingtest.—______________(如果这样的话)，letmegoandcongratulatehim.答案：Ifso3．I________________________(没看足球赛就好了)lastnightwithmy，Iwouldhavefinishedmypaperworkbynow.答案：wouldrathernothavewatchedthefootballmatchⅡ.单项填空1．(2013·南京二模)—Theoldstoreenjoysagoodreputationinthisarea.—Can’tagreeareveryfew，________，complaintsabouttheirservice.A．ifany B．ifsoC．ifanything D．ifever解析：考查省略。句意为：——在这个地区，那个老商店享有良好的声誉。——非常同意。对他们的服务的抱怨如果有的话，也是很少的。ifany若有的话，符合语境。答案：A2．(2014·泰安一检)—Ringmeatsixtomorrowmorning，willyou?—Whythatearly？I________.A．willsleep B．havesleptC．havebeensleeping D．willbesleeping解析：考查时态。句意为：——明天早上六点打电话给我，好吗？——为什么那么早？那个时候我正在睡觉。根据语境可知，此处表示将来的某个时间正在做某事，应用将来进行时，故选D。答案：D3．(2014·长春实验中学模拟)Inthepastdecades，seaice________intheArcticasaresultofglobalwarming.A．hadmelted B．hasbeenmeltingC．melted D．ismelting解析：考查动词时态。句意为：在过去的几十年里，由于全球变暖，北极的海冰正在融化。由inthepastdecades可知，句子用现在完成时，且事态还在发展中，故B项正确。答案：B4．(2013·湘潭市二模)—Hey，doyouliketheheavymetalmusicthatIamplaying?—Tobehonest，Idon’’dratheryou________silent.A．hadkept B．keepC．shouldkeep D．kept解析：考查虚拟语气。句意为：——嘿，你喜欢我正在播放的重金属音乐吗？——老实讲，我不喜欢。我宁愿你保持安静。wouldrather后的宾语从句应用虚拟语气。分析语境可知，此处表示对现在的虚拟，故要用动词的过去式。答案：Dexpandvt.使变大，使增强，阐述；vi.扩大；增加，增强expandone’sknowledge扩展知识Thepurposeofeducationshouldbetoexpandthemindsofchildren.教育的目的应该是扩展学生们的心智。commentn．评论；议论；vi.&vt.表达意见；作出评论(1)makecommentson/about...对……加以评论Nocomment！无可奉告！(2)commenton/uponsth.对……发表评论Theteacheroftencommentson/uponhowdifferentthetwoboysare.老师经常谈论那两个孩子的不同之处。focusvt.集中注意力；聚焦；n.焦点，关注点，中心点(1)eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(focuson...集中于……,focusone’sattention/eyes/energyon...,集中注意力/目光/精力于……))(2)thefocusofattention/concern注意力/关注的焦点AsfarasIknow，allherenergiesarefocusedonherchildren.据我所知，她全部精力都倾注到了孩子们的身上。besatisfiedwith对……表示满足或满意(1)eq\b\lc\\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(behappywith,becontentwith))对……满意(2)besatisfiedtodo对做……感到满意SatisfiedwithwhatIsaid，motheragreedthatIcouldgoswimmingwithmyclassmates.对我说的满意，母亲同意我与同学一起去游泳。【写作素材】1．中国的农民曾经过着很艰苦的生活，并一直受着饥饿的困扰。2．几十年来，他们努力寻找能够提高粮食产量的方法，但收效甚微。3．多亏了袁博士的杂交水稻研究，农民们种出的粮食比以前多了一倍。这意味着世界22%的人口摆脱了饥饿。4．大多数农民都很满意现在的生活，宁愿待在农村当农民。提示：黑体部分用本单元词汇表达。【连句成篇】FarmersinChinausedtoliveahardlifeandwasalwaysdisturbedbydecades，theystruggledtosearchforwaystoincreasericeharvests，butwithouttoDrYuan’sresearchonthehybridrice，farmersareproducingharveststwiceaslargeasbefore，whichmeans22%oftheworld’speoplehavegotridofofthefarmerssaytheyarenowquitesatisfiedwiththeirlivesandwouldmuchratherbefarmersinthecountryside.v．­ing形式作主语、宾语1．(2014·长沙市雅礼中学模拟)________unemploymentinsurancewouldmeantellingmillionsofourneighborswhoareoutofworktodaythatthey’reontheirown.A．Cut B．CuttingC．Havingcut D．Beingcut解析：考查非谓语动词。此处“cuttingunemploymentinsurance”动名词短语作主语。句意为：去掉失业保险意味着告诉周围成千上万失业的人们，他们要靠他们自己。答案：B2．(2014·金华十校联考)MostAmericanssayguncontrolistheonlywaytheycanimagine________thenumberofschoolshootingsinsomeAmericanhighschools.A．reducing B．toreduceC．reduced D．reduce解析：考查非谓语动词。“theycanimagine”在句中修饰theonlyway，“________thenumberofschoolshootingsinsomeAmericanhighschools”为不定式短语作目的状语，故选B。答案：B3．(2014·河南省普通高中适应性检测卷一)Peoplespendmanyyearslearningaboutfavoritesportsand________howtodothemwell.A．practice B．practicedC．practicing D．topractice解析：考查非谓语动词。spend...(in)doingsth.表示“花费……做某事”，根据and可知，空处应与learning并列，作省略了的介词in的宾语，故选C。答案：C4．(2014·泰安质量检测)________inthecountrysidemadeMrWilsonveryhard­workingwhenhewasveryyoung.A．Bringingup B．HavingbroughtupC．Beingbroughtup D．Broughtup解析：考查非谓语动词。句意为：MrWilson在乡下被抚养长大，这使他在很小的时候就很勤劳。分析句意及句子结构可知，bringup与MrWilson为逻辑上的动宾关系，又因为句子缺主语，故用Beingbroughtup。答案：C5．(2014·辽宁五校第一联合体考试)________twiceayear，whetheritisacar，abusoratruck，isarulethateverydrivermustobeyinthiscity.A．Examining B．ExaminedC．Havingbeenexamined D．Beingexamined解析：考查非谓语动词。句意为：无论是汽车，公交车还是卡车，每年检查两次是这个城市的每个司机都要遵守的规则。根据句意可知此处应用examine的现在分词的被动式Beingexamined作句子的主语。答案：D课时作业(十七)Unit2Workingtheland(本栏目内容，在学生用书中以独立形式分册装订！)第三讲“心思难猜”的“attitude”型主旨大意题作者通过文章可以表达的意图很多，文章可能体现作者的某种态度，比如支持、反对、批评、赞扬；也可能体现作者的某种目的，比如建议、劝阻、推销、指导等。这需要考生根据文章的内容进行细致的辨别和分析，弄清作者的态度和目的。一般来说，作者的态度和意图都能够从文章的论述方法、措辞、语气等方面推断出来。(2013·北京卷)DoesFameDriveYouCrazy?Althoughbeingfamousmightsoundlikeadreamcometrue，today’sstars，feelinglikezooanimals，facepressuresthatfewofuscanareatthecenterofmuchoftheworld’s(狗仔队)campoutsidetheirhomes，cameras(小报)publishthrillingstoriesabouttheirpersonalimaginenotbeingabletodoanythingwithoutbeingphotographedorinterruptedforasignature!AccordingtopsychologistChristinaVillarreal，celebrities—famouspeople—worryconstantlyabouttheirpublic，theystarttolosetrackofwhotheyreallyare，seeingthemselvesthewaytheirfansimaginethem，notasthepeopletheywerebeforeeveryoneknewtheirnames.“Overtime，”Villarrealsays，“theyfeelseparatedandalone.”Thephenomenonoftrackingcelebritieshasbeenaroundforthe4thcenturyBC，paintersfollowedAlexandertheGreatintobattle，hopingtopicturehisvictoriesforhisCharlesDickensvisitedAmericainthe19thcentury，hissold­outreadingsattractedthousandsoffans，leadinghimtocomplain(抱怨)abouthislackofofthe1920sand1930sranarticlesaboutfilm­starsinmuchthesamewaythatmoderntabloidsandwebsitesdo.Beingapublicfiguretoday，however，isalotmoredifficultthanitusedtocannotmoveaboutwithoutworryingaboutphotographerswithmoderntheysaysomethingsillyordosomethingridiculous，thereisalwaystheInternettospreadthenewsinminutesandkeeptheir“story”aliveforever.Iffameissotroublesome，whyaren’tallcelebritiesrunningawayfromit？Theansweristherearestillwaystodealwithstarsstaycalmbysurroundingthemselveswithtrustedfriendsandfamilyor