Unit 3 Discovering Useful Structures语法直接引语间接引语课件- 高中英语人教版（2019）选择性必修第三册

选择性必修三Unit3直接引语和间接引语Discovering

UsefulStructureLookatthesentencesinbothcolumnsanddiscussthedifferencesbetweeneachpair.Summarizetherulesforchangingdirectspeechintoindirectspeech.1Theexpertsaidthatfromthepositionofitsdeadbody,thebearappearedtohavestarvedanddied.2Thereporteraskedwhetherpolarbearswoulddieoutbecauseofclimatechange.3Thereporteraskedhowwecouldsavepolarbearsfromextinction.4Theexpertadvisedustoworktogethertostopclimatechange.1Theexpertsaid“fromthepositionofitsdeadbody,thebearappearedtohavestarvedanddied.”2Thereporterasked,“Willpolarbearsdieoutbecauseofclimatechange?”3Thereporterasked,“Howcanwesavepolarbearsfromextinction?”4“Let'sworktogethertostopclimatechange,”theexpertsaid.DirectspeechIndirectspeech◆Toreportwhatexactlyhasbeensaid◆Thewordsusuallyappearinquotationmarks◆Toreportwhathasbeensaidwithoutusingtheexactwords◆NoquotationmarksPart01直接引语和间接引语都是啥？直接引语间接引语引述Ihaveadream.MartinLutherKingsaid,“Ihaveadream.”MartinLutherKingsaidthathehadadream.

引语的概念直接引述别人的原话，叫____________;直接引语DirectSpeech

用自己的话把别人的话陈述出来，叫_________。间接引语indirectSpeech直接引语通常都用____________括起来，引号“

”

间接引语在多数情况下都构成一个________。宾语从句

直接引语怎么变间接引语？MartinLutherKingsaid,“I

haveadream.”MartinLutherKingsaidthathe

had

adream.

人称变化时态变化句式变化规则01020304人称变化句式变化代词等其他变化直接引语和间接引语之间的转换规则时态变化人称变化01

＂Iboughtpearlsformymother.＂Tomsaid.

Tom

said

that

he

had

bought

pearls

for

his

mother.(1)一随主:直接引语中有第一人称时，在改为间接引语时，其人称与主句中的主语的人称保持一致。人称变化

Shesaidtome,“YouspeakEnglishbetterthanme.”

She

said

to

me

that

I

spoke

English

better

than

her.(2)二随宾:直接引语中有第二人称时，在改为间接引语时其人称和主句的宾语保持一致。人称变化

Shesaid，“Hewillbebusy.”She

said

that

he

would

be

busy.3)三不变:直接引语中有第三人称时，在改为间接引语时不发生变化。人称变化

【注意】如果主句中无宾语，可以根据语境添加合适的宾语。

"Whyareyoulateagain?"theteacherasked.The

teacher

asked

me

why

I

was

late

again.人称变化me时态变化021.Shesaid,“Iwalktoschool.”Shesaid(that)shewalkedtoschool.2.Shesaid,“Iam

walkingtoschool.”Shesaid(that)shewaswalkingtoschool.3.Shesaid,“Ihavewalked

toschool.”Shesaid(that)shehadwalkedtoschool.（一般现在时）（一般过去时）（现在进行时）（过去进行时）（现在完成时）（过去完成时）时态变化Ⅰ.主句的谓语动词是过去时,从句时态往前移：4.Hesaid,“Iwalkedtoschool.”Hesaid

(that)hehadwalkedtoschool.5.Hesaid,“Ihadwalked

toschool.”Hesaid(that)hehadwalkedtoschool.6.Hesaid,“Iwillwalk

toschool.”Hesaid(that)hewouldwalktoschool.（一般过去时）（过去完成时）（过去完成时）（过去完成时）（一般将来时）（过去将来时）Ⅱ.直接引语变成间接引语时，以下情况，时态不变：(1)主句的谓语动词是现在时，从句时态不变;

Hesays,“Ididn'tbrokethewindow.”

Hesaysthathedidn'tbrokethewindow.(2)直接引语描述:客观事实、真理名言、习惯性动作,从句时态不变;“Theearthmovesaroundthesun,”theteachertoldus.

Theteachertoldusthattheearthmoves

aroundthesun.(3)如果直接引语中由具体的过去某年/月/日作状语，从句时态不变。

Theoldman

said,“IwasbornonApril20,1949.”

Theoldman

said

(that)hewasbornonApril20,1949.时态变化练习1.Hesaid，“Iamverysorry.”Hesaidthathe_____verysorry.2.“Sheispreparingherlessons，”Isaid.Isaidthatshe____________herlessons.3.Shesaid,“Ihavelostapen.”Shesaidshe_________apen.4.Hesaidtome，“Janespentallhertimedoingthat.”Hetoldme（that）Jane__________allhertimedoingthat.waswaspreparinghadlosthadspent5.Shesaid,“IlikeEnglishverymuch.”Shesaidshe_______Englishverymuch.6.Tomsaid,“Wearelisteningtothepopmusic.”Tomsaidthatthey___________tothepopmusic.7.Motherasked,“HaveyoufinishedyourhomeworkbeforeyouwatchTV?”MotheraskedmewhetherI__________myhomeworkbeforeIwatchedTV.8.Shesaid,“Ourbuswillarriveinfiveminutes.”Shesaidthattheirbus___________infiveminutes.werelisteninghadfinishedwouldarriveliked句式变化03Ⅰ.直接引语是陈述句,改为由that引导的宾语从句,that可省略。eg.

Shesaid,“Ourbuswillarriveinfiveminutes.”Shesaid

theirbuswouldarriveinfiveminutes.(that)句式变化Ⅱ.直接引语是反意/选择/一般疑问句,

改为由whether或if引导的宾语从句。eg.

Hesaid,“Canyouswim,John?”HeaskedJohn

hecouldswim.if句式变化Ⅲ.直接引语是特殊疑问句,

改为由疑问代词(what/which)或连接副词（when/where/why/how)

引导的宾语从句且宾语从句必须用陈述语序。eg.

Sheaskedme，“Whendotheyhavetheirdinner?”Sheaskedme

theyhadtheirdinner.when句式变化其他变化04代”(指示代词)“状”(时间/地点状语)“动”(方向性动词)Ⅰ.指示代词：this—thatthese—thatⅡ.时间状语：now(此时)—then(那时)

ago—before

today—thatdaytomorrow—thenextdayyesterday—thedaybefore

lastweek—theweekbefore;

thisevening—thateveningⅢ.地点状语：here—thereⅥ.方向性动词：bring—takecome—go其他变化Examples:1.Shesaid,“Thishouseisexpensive(昂贵的).”

Shesaid(that)thathousewasexpensive.2.

“Tom,comehere!

”Theysaid.

TheyaskedTomtowentthere.3.

Sarahsaid,“Ihavefinishedmyhomeworkyesterday.

”

Sarahsaid(that)shehadfinishedherhomeworkthedaybefore.性质：间接引语在多数情况下是一个宾语从句人称:一随主,二随宾,三不变时态：主句为一般过去时态，从句时态往前移引导词:陈述句:用that一般疑问句:用if或whether特殊疑问句:用特殊疑问词祈使句：

tellsb.todos.thasksb.todos.thordersb.todos.th其他变化1.“Inevereatmeat.”

hesaid.

Hesaidthat

never

meat.2.Theteachersaid,“Thesunrisesintheeastandgoesdowninthewest.”Theteachersaidthatthesun

intheeastand_____downinthewest.3.“Imeetherhere.”

hetoldme.He

methathe

her

.4.HesaidtoJim,“Youcansithere,Jim.”He

Jimthathe

sitthere.5.Heasked

hermother,“Howdoyoufindit,mother?”Heaskedhermother

it.heaterisesgoestoldmettheretoldcouldhowshefoundPractice根据划线部分提示，将下列直接引语改为间接引语。(1)Bettysaid,“Mydadthinks

Ishouldtaketheoffernow.”

.

(2)“Thisusedtobethecenterofthetown,”hesaid.

.(3)Themansaid,“Myneighborwillbeback.”