课件(十)2015年英语复习动词分类

2015年英语复习动词的分类

考查点：易混淆动词或短语的辨析情态动词的用法和辨析对策：

1.熟记动词短语的意义，切忌模棱两可

2.熟记一些常见的情态动词句型。

第8讲动词的分类一、选词填空keptwearsspendturnedoff1．Howlonghaveyou________(kept,borrowed)thisnovel?2．Lily________(wears,putson)apinkdresstoday.3.It'sniceofyouto________(cost,spend)somuchtimeshowingmearoundyourschool.

4．Mike________(turnedon,turnedoff)hiscomputerandwentouttowatchTV.

5．—Theradio________(tells,says)thattherewillbeanotherheavyraininGuangdong. —Toobad.Ithasrainedforthewholeweek.二、完成句子，每空一词tastegoodare1．这些甜饼尝起来很好。我可以再多吃一些吗？Thecookies________________.CouldIhavesomemore?2.我们班现在有五十多个学生。listenedheardThere________morethan50studentsinourclassnow.3．我认真听了听，可什么也没听见。I________carefullybutI________nothing.says4．每天步行去上学要花我半小时。It________mehalfanhourto________________schoolonfooteveryday.takesgotohaveto

5．我的车坏了，所以得坐公共汽车上班。

Mycarisbroken,soI________________gotoworkbybus.

9.动词（1）动词的基本形式（2）系动词（3）及物动词和不及物动词（4）助动词（5）情态动词

（6）动词短语辨析（2009年）32.Mikedidn’tgetwetbecausehisteacher_________himanumbrella.A.lentB.discoveredC.borrowedD.taught

36.Don’t__________others.Sometimesyoumakemistakestoo.A.knockatB.laughatC.lookatD.arriveat37.Tom’smotheraskedhim_________somewashingafterdinner.A.todoB.doesC.doD.did

43.---Mr.Wang,mustIcomeagainonSundaymorningtocleanthewindows?---No,you__________.Ihaveaskedotherstodoit.A.don’thavetoB.mustn’tC.can’tD.shouldn’t（2010年）37.—IsawKevininthesupermarketthismorning.

—No,it____him.HemovedtoCanadalastweek.情态动词

A.canbe

B.mustbe

C.can’tbe

D.mustn’tbe41.ZhangLiangying’snewCDwill_____nextmonth.动词短语辨析

A.comealong

B.comeup

C.comeover

D.comeout（2011年）34.Thesilkdress_______sosmooth.It’smadeinChina.系动词辨析

A.feelsB.smellsC.soundsD.tastes

42.Smokingisbadforyourhealth.You’dbetter___________.动词短语辨析

A.setitupB.giveitupC.pickitupD.lookitup（2012年）34.—________Iswimhere?—I’msorry.Children_______swimalonehere.情态动词

A.Must,can’tB.May,mustC.Can,mustn’tD.Can’tcan41.IlovethissongbyLadyGaga.Wouldyou_____theTVabit,please?Ican’thearitclearly.动词短语辨析

A.turnonB.turnoffC.turnupD.turndown（2013年）34.Againandagainthedoctor_______thecryingbabygirl,buthecouldn’tfindoutwhatwaswrongwithher.动词短语辨析

A.lookedoverB.lookedafterC.lookedforD.lookedout

37.—Someoneisknockingatthedoor.IsitAnn?—It_____beher.Sheisgivingaperformanceatthetheatrenow.情态动词

A.mayB.mustC.can’tD.mustn’t动词的种类有实义动词：

A.及物动词

B.不及物动词2.连系动词

be,keep,staylook,taste,sound,smell,feel,looklike,soundlikeget,become,turn,go…3.情态动词

can:能，会“表能力，表许可”----could

可能，“表推测”常用否定式can’t不可能

may:可以，可能“表正式的请求、许可和推测”

----mightmust：表必须和肯定的推测句型：

Must….?Yes,…must.No,…needn’t/don’thaveto.(Youmay…)need:需要，必须

needn’t没有必要

should（语气强烈）同义短语：besupposedto…(按规则、惯例)应该做…

近义词短语：hadbetterdosth.(主观意愿)最好做…need,haveto…will,shall…

情态动词的疑问句的回答：

MayI…?NeedI…?MustI…?MustI…?

肯定：Yes，youmust.

否定：No,youneedn’t.(don’thaveto.)MayI…?肯定：Yes,youmay./Yes,please./Sure./OK.否定：No,youcan’t.(youmustn’t.)You’dbetternot.(Betternot).Pleasedon’t.NeedI…?肯定：Yes,youmust.否定：

No,youneedn’t.(youdon’thaveto.)

need

的用法

need意为“需要”，既可作情态动词，也可作实义动词。作情态动词时多用于疑问句和否定句中，否定式为needn't，表示“不必”。作实义动词时，后接todo或名词，即：need/don'tneedtodosth.,needsth.；当主语是物时，用needdoing表示被动的含义，相当于needtobedone。如：NeedIgothere？我需要去那里吗？Idon'tneedtobuyanewbackpack.(作实义动词)＝Ineedn'tbuyanewbackpack.(作情态动词)我不必买新书包。Thetreesneedwatering.(主动形式表被动)＝Thetreesneedtobewatered.这些树需要浇水。Thissilkdress____sosmooth.A.feelsB.smellsC.soundsD.tastes---IsawKevininthesupermarketthismorning.----No,it_____him.HemovedtoCanadalastweek.(2010年)A.canbeB.mustbeC.can’tbeD.mustn’tbe---ShallItellTomaboutit?---No,you______.I’vetoldhimalready.A.wouldn’tB.needn’tC.mustn’tD.shouldn’t---What’swrongwithyou?Youlooksotired?---LastnightI____sleepwell.A.couldn’tB.wouldn’tC.mustn’tD.needn’tThattallboy____beJohn.Johnisinmediumheight.A.mustn’tB.mustC.can’tD.might

---Look!It_____beJackontheplayground.---It____behim.BecauseIsawhimentertheschoollibraryjustnow.A.must,mustn’tB.can,can’tC.may,mustn’tD.must,can’t---MrWang,mustIcomeagainonSundaymorningtocleanthewindows?---No,you____.Ihaveaskedotherstodoit.A.don’thavetoB.mustn’tC.can’tD.shouldn’t---Whoisthegirlstandingoverthere?---Well,ifyou_____know,hernameisJoe.A.mustB.mayC.canD.shall解释：must:表示坚持或执意，“硬要，一定要”

TheWorldWideWebissometimesjokinglycalledtheWorldWideWaitbecauseit____beveryslow.A.shouldB.mustC.willD.can中考中的一个重要考点动词、动词短语辨析examples:beusedtodosth.beusedtodoingsth.usedtodosth.请说出下列短语的意思hearoftalkto/withworryaboutthinkof/abouttalkabout/ofspeakto听说和……交谈担心思考谈论与……通话gettoarrivein/atlookatlookafterlookforlooklikelistentohearfromwaitforaskfor2．dressupeatupgiveupputuppickupringupsenduptakeawaymoveawaytakedown到达到达看一看…照顾寻找看起来像听(某人或某物)收到……的来信等候要求打扮吃完放弃建造捡起打电话发射拿走搬走拿下writedownturndownputdownfindoutturnupsellouttryoutputontakeoutturnonwearoutturnofftryontakeoffgivebackgetbacklookoverthinkover

记下调小放下发现调大(音量等)卖完试验穿上取出打开穿破关上试穿脱下归还取回检查仔细思考3．lookforwardtostayawayfromfinishdoingsth.enjoydoingsth.practicedoingsthmindsb.('s)doingsth.stopdoingsth.stoptodosth.

forgetdoingsth.forgettodosth.bebusy(in)doingsth.期待远离完成做某事喜欢做某事练习做某事介意某人做某事停止正在做的某事停下来去做某事(另一件)忘记做过某事(某事已完成)忘记去做某事(某事尚未做)忙于做某事arrivereachgetborrowlendkeepdress,puton,wear,dressupsee,look,watch,readbring,take,fetch,carrydie,dead,death,dyingspend,pay,cost,takelookfor,find,findout,search,searchforlisten,listento,hear,soundlose,fail,win,beatgetin,getto,getinto,getoutthinkof,thinkabout,thinkover,thinkoutjoin,takepartin,attend

1．arrive,getto,reach

这三个词都有“到达”之意。

(1)arrive和get是不及物动词，后面需加介词才能接地点。其中arriveat＋小地方，arrivein＋大地方，getto＋地点。

(2)reach是及物动词，后面直接加地点。即景活用toinat/(1)Igot________thevillagelastmonth.(2)We'llarrive________Shanghaitomorrowmorning.(3)Whendidyouarrive________thestation?(4)Pleasecallmewhenyoureach________Changsha.

2．take,bring,fetch,get

(1)take指从说话者所在的地方把某人(物)“带去”(单程)。

(2)bring指从别处把某人(物)带来说话者所在的地方(单程)。

(3)fetch＝get，指从某地到别处把某物拿来(双程)。即景活用bringtakefetch/get

(1)Nexttimedon'tforgetto_______meacopyofyourwork. (2)Helikestheseartworksinthistownverymuch,sohewantsto________themtohiscountrywhenheleaves. (3)Please___________methedocumentsinthatroom.3．join,joinin,attend,takepartin(1)join指参加某党派、某组织或某社会团体并成为其中的一员，如参军、入党、入团等。(2)joinin

指参加小规模的活动，如球赛、游戏等，多用于口语中。

(3)attend

是正式用语，指出席或参加会议、仪式，如婚礼、葬礼、上课、上学、听报告等，强调的是“出席”这一动作本身。(4)takepartin

指参加群众性的活动，重在说明主语参加这一活动并在活动中发挥积极作用。即景活用takepartinjoinedjoinedinattend

(1)Everyexcellentplayerwantsto___________theOlympicsandwin. (2)Hisbrother________thearmythreeyearsago. (3)Thewholeclass________tosingthesongsoon. (4)Iwill________animportantmeetingtomorrow.

4．tell,say,speak,talk

(1)tell意为“告诉；讲述”，表示告诉某人某事，着重指把一件事情传达给别人，或讲述一个事件、一个故事等，可接双宾语。

(2)say意为“说；诉说”，指用言语表达自己的思想，后接说的内容，常作及物动词，后接名词、代词或从句。

(3)speak意为“说；说话”，用作不及物动词时强调“说”这一动作，而不是指说的内容；作及物动词时通常接某种语言作宾语。

(4)talk是不及物动词，意为“谈话”，指两人或两人以上的一般交谈，常与介词to,with连用，意为“与……交谈”；与about,of连用时意为“谈论”。即景活用speaktosayintold(1)请找李雷听电话，好吗？MayI________________LiLei,please?(2)你能用英语说这个单词吗？Canyou________theword________English?(3)妈妈告诉我不要躺在床上看书。nottolieMum________me________________________inbedtoread.talkingwith/to(4)李先生正与布朗太太在交谈。Mr.Liis________________Mrs.Brown.5．pay,spend,cost,take

(1)pay意为“付款；赔偿”，主语通常是人，常用结构为：sb.paysomemoneyforsth.或paysb.(somemoneyforsth.)。

(2)spend的主语通常是人，常用结构为：(sb.)spendmoney/timeonsth.或(sb.)spendmoney/time(in)doingsth.。

(3)cost的主语必须是物，常用结构为：sth.cost(sb.)somemoney。

(4)take表示“占用、花费”时间，其主语通常为形式主语it或物，常用结构为：It/sth.takessb.sometimetodosth.。即景活用spentpaytookcost

(1)They________twoyearsbuildingthebridge. (2)Howmuchmoneydidyou________forthejacket? (3)It________himthreehourstofinishhishomework. (4)Thecar________melotsofmoney.

6．borrow,lend,keep (1)borrow表示从别人那里借来东西，即“借进来”。常用的搭配是borrowsth.fromsb.。borrow是一个瞬间完成的动作，因此不能与表示一段时间的时间状语连用。

(2)lend表示把自己的东西借给别人，即“借出去”。常用的搭配是lendsb.sth./lendsth.tosb.。lend与borrow一样，也是一个瞬间完成的动作，不能与表示一段时间的时间状语连用。

(3)keep也可意为“借”，但侧重指借来后的保存或使用阶段，表示借用一段时间，因此可以与表示一段时间的时间状语连用。即景活用borrowfromlendingmelending(1)我们经常从学校图书馆借书。Weoften________books________ourschoollibrary.(2)谢谢你把自行车借给我。to

Thankyoufor________________yourbike.＝Thankyoufor________yourbike________me.(3)这本书我才借了一星期。havekeptI________________thisbookforonlyoneweek.

7．dress,wear,puton,bein

(1)dress意为“给……穿衣”，只用于穿衣服，不用于穿鞋、戴帽子等，宾语为人。

(2)wear表示“穿、戴(衣物、鞋、帽、饰物等)”，强调“穿着”的状态。

(3)puton意为“把……穿上”，强调“穿”的动作。

(4)bein表示“穿着，戴着”，后接颜色或衣物，强调状态。即景活用dressin(1)Please________thechildrenrightnow.(2)Johnis________whitetoday.(3)Thegirlis________apairofglasses.(4)It'scold.You'dbetter________yourcoat.puton

8．happen与takeplace

两者均可意为“发生”，都是不及物动词，不能用于进行时态和被动语态。

(1)happen常指具体事件的发生，特别是那些偶然的或未能预见的事件的“发生”，此时主语为“事”；还可表示“碰巧；恰好”之意，此时主语为“人”。

(2)takeplace通常指“(某事)按计划进行或发生”，还可表示“举行某种活动”。wearing即景活用happenstakingplacehappened(1)He________toknowtheplace.(2)Greatchangesare__________inthecity.(3)Hasanything________tohim?(4)Themeetingwill________nextFriday.takeplace

9．look,see,watch,read

(1)look强调“看”的动作，是不及物动词，后接宾语时要加介词at。

(2)see强调“看”的结果，意为“看见”，是及物动词，可用于短语seesb.do/doingsth.(看见某人做过/正在做某事)。

(3)watch意为“观看，注视”，强调过程，常用于看电视、球赛等。

(4)read意为“读，阅读”，指看书、看报等。即景活用sawlookwatchingreading(1)I________abirdinthetreejustnow.(2)Theteachertoldusto________attheblackboard.(3)Allthestudentsare________thefootballmatchcarefully.(4)LiLeiis________theletterfromhisparents.

OnOctober15,2003China____itssecondlunarorbiterChang’e2.A.setoutB.setoffC.sentupD.sentout

sendout：发送，派遣

setout、setoff出发

setouttodosth.开始着手做…sendup发射

Didyou_____thesoccermatchyesterday?---Yes,we_____thestrongestteaminourschoolatlast.A.defeat,wonB.win,defeatedC.win,wonD.defeat,defeated

defeatsb.=beatsb.打败某人或某个团体

Howmuchtimedoyou_____surfingtheInterneteveryweek?---lessthananhour.A.costB.takeC.payD.spendThedoctor_____thewoman,buthecouldn’tfindoutwhatwaswrongwithher.A.lookedoverB.lookedafterC.lookedforD.lookedoutThefactory_____itswasteintotheriver,butnowitdealswiththewaterinanewway.A.usedtodumpB.isusedtodumpC.usedtodumpingD.isusedtodumping

---Mike,you’vebeenlatefornearlyanhour.---Sorry,mycar_____onmywayhere.A.brokedownB.wornoutC.tookoffD.brokeout---Sorry,Mr.Green,Ihave____myhomeworkathome.---Nevermind.Butdon’tdolikethatnexttime.A.putB.keptC.leftD.forgottenToprotecttheenvironment,supermarketsdon’t______freeplasticbagstoshoppers.A.takeB.showC.provideD.carry

You’vegivensomuchhelp.Ireally_____it.A.appreciateB.receiveC.supposeD.regard---Howabouttheexhibitionthatday?---Itwasverynoisy,butitdidn’t_____me.A.hurtB.impressC.changeD.botherAfterhardtrainingforalongtime,UsainBolt_____therecordsagain.A.brokeB.achievedC.inventedD.completed---Whatsmellsterrible,Ted?---I’msorry.I’ll__myshoesandwashthematonce.A.takeawayB.putawayC.moveawayD.getaway

Inordertoeatsafely,Ithinkwe________makesomefoodbyourselvesinsteadofbuyingsome.A.usedtoB.prefertoC.hadbetterD.aresupposedto

解释：hadbetterdosth.最好做…,（主观意愿）

besupposedtodosth.（按惯例、规则)应该做某事

---Bill,willyougetmethedictionaryonthatshelf?---I’mafraidIcan’t____it,Daddy.It’stoohigh.A.findB.reachC.sellD.readLook!_____somejuiceintheglass.A.Thereis