山东省莱芜市小庄中学2023年高三英语下学期期末试题含解析

山东省莱芜市小庄中学2023年高三英语下学期期末试题含解析一、选择题1.—Peter,ifyoukeeponbreakingthetrafficrules,youdrivinglicensewillberevoked（吊销）．

—

?Idon’tcare．

A．Whatfor

B．Howcome

C．Whatif

D．Sowhat参考答案：D略18.Doyouknowanythingaboutthefire___intheneighbourhoodyesterday?

A.whichbrokeout

B.breakingout

C.brokeout

D.thatwasbrokenout参考答案：A略3.—Mike,theresultsare______withourearlierresearch.—Fantastic!That’swhatwe’vebeenexpecting.A.apparent B.sustainable C.concrete D.consistent参考答案：D试题分析：考查固定短语。根据后文的Fantastic!可知此处句意：迈克，结果与我们先前的研究相一致。Beconsistentwith与.....相一致，故选D项。

考点：考查固定短语【名师点睛】固定短语的考查需要考生的长期积累，注意把握积累的方向，在考试时能够准确无误的应用。4.Thesicksalesmanwashappytostayathomebecausedoing_____wasathoroughrestforhim.A.everything

B.nothing

C.anything

D.something参考答案：B5.Ihadjustfinishedmywork______myfriendcametovisitme.

A.while

B.when

C.as

D.if参考答案：B6.Theyfailedtopasstheexamlasttime.Iregretted___________them.A.tobenotabletohelp

B.notbeingabletohelp

C.beingnotabletohelp

D.nottobeabletohelp参考答案：B7.

____excitedmyfriend,Davidgreatlythathewaschosenaschairmanoftheorganization.

A.What

B.That

C.It D.As

参考答案：C8.

—Willapencil_____?

—I'mafraidnot.Onlyapencanbeusedintheexam.

A.count

B.fit

C.do

D.satisfy参考答案：C9.Anyway,we’reherenow,solet’s___someseriouswork.A.

comeupwith

B.

getdownto

C.

doawaywith

D.liveupto参考答案：B本题考察的是动词短语辨析。A想出，提出；B开始认真做某事，着手做某事；doawaywith废除，消灭；liveupto符合，不辜负；句义：不关怎么样，我们现在这里了，让我们开始认真工作吧！B项getdownto中的to是介词，后面要接名词或者动名词做宾语。故B正确。【考点】考察动词短语辨析〖举一反三〗Ican

thehousebeinguntidy,butIhateitifit’snotclean.A.comeupwith

B.putupwith

C.turnto

D.stickto〖答案〗B〖考点〗考查短语动词的辨析。〖解析〗句意为“房子里东西凌乱我能忍，但是脏我讨厌。”comeupwith想出,提出；putupwith

忍受,容忍；turnto转向，翻书到，求助于，(使)变成；stickto坚持，紧跟，粘住，忠于。不整洁的;凌乱的10._______haveaninternalclockthatcontrolsthebeatingofourheartandthe_______ofourbreathing.A.Humanbeing,stepsB.Humanbeings,stepsC.Humans,paceD.Man,pace参考答案：C11.Myteacherpraisedmefor_____progressI’dmade,whichwas____greatencouragementtome.

A.a;the

B./;a C.the;a D./;/参考答案：C12.Thememoryisstillfreshinmymind_____Iwasconsideredtheappleofmyformerboyfriend’seyesduringourstayinAegeanSea.

A.when

B.where

C.that

D.what参考答案：C13.—Aboutincome,

I

think

mostpeopledeservemorethanwhattheyget.—______.A.Itservesyouright

B.Youhaveapoint

C.Notlikely D.Don’tmentionit参考答案：B14.Heachievedgreatsuccessbutonlyatthe_______ofahappyfamilylife.A.cost

B.risk

C.time

D.sight参考答案：A15.Hisgrandfatherwasamongthefirsttosettlein_____isnowafamousholidaycenter.A.what

B.which

C.where

D.that参考答案：A16.Asmostofyouseemconfused,nowI’mgoingtothe_____measures.A.content

B.abstract

C.

D.concrete参考答案：D二、完型填空17.Whenonehitchhikes—travellingbygettingliftsfrompassingvehicleswithoutpaying,one___16___longhourseitherwaitingatalikelyintersection(岔路口)or___17___heavilydowntheroad,andwhenIwassoengaged,Ifound___18___insingingsongsorinrecitingthemanypoemsIhadmemorized,or___19___thelatestpostcardsIhadaddedtomyartcollection.Iwasinmanywaysthe___20___boyontheroad,inotherwaystherichest,andIwasalwayshappytobeontheroadmeetingnewpeople,hearingnewstoriesandseeingnew___21___.Ihave___22___beencleverenoughtoanalyzethemotivationordriveformyhitchhiking,butIdoubtthatitwasrelatedtoany___23___weakness.Ihaveneverbeenoutofmind.Homewasnotexcitingenoughtokeepme___24___toit.Ihadnomaterial____25____ofanykindtoholdmyinterestforlongperiodsoftimestayinghome.____26____Iwasnotunhappywithmyfamily,myschoolandmyfriends.WhenIwas____27____,hikingwithverylittlemoneyandathousandmilesfromhome,IwasconvincedthatIwould____28____myjourneysafely,forIwasquiteoptimisticasaboythenwith____29____lifebeforeme.SoitwaswithmewhenIwasatsixty—Iwasstilloptimisticwithsomany____30____behindme.ItseemsthatIwasbornto____31____attheworld,andsuchmendonotwritetragedies.ThesimplefactseemsthatwheneverIsawthat____32____roadoutsidemyhouse,Iwas____33____toexplorewhatitwaslike.WhatWaltWhitmanoncesaidwouldalwayspushmetogoon:“Afootandlight-heartedItaketotheopen____34____,healthy,free,theworldbeforeme,thelongbrownpathbeforemeleadingwhereverI____35____.”Thatmakesadifferencetomylife.16.A.saves

B.spends

C.enjoys

D.kills17.A.walking

B.running

C.driving

D.riding18.A.comfort

B.bore

C.adventure

D.pain19.A.sending

B.recalling

C.designing

D.buying20.A.dullest

B.busiest

C.poorest

D.laziest21.A.movies

B.shows

C.landscapes

D.exhibitions22.A.always

B.sometimes

C.often

D.never23.A.economical B.moral

C.physical

D.mental24.A.tied

B.adjusted

C.opposed

D.exposed25.A.conditions

B.possessions

C.preparations

D.occasions26.A.Otherwise

B.Thus

C.Besides

D.Yet27.A.lonely

B.young

C.free

D.sad28.A.continue

B.complete

C.combine

D.control29.A.experienced B.untested

C.foreseen

D.fantastic30.A.blessings

B.achievements

C.differences

D.challenges31.A.smile

B.spit

C.shout

D.sigh32.A.beautiful

B.rough

C.mysterious

D.dangerous33.A.frightened B.determined

C.worried

D.surprised34.A.road

B.door

C.window

D.air35.A.start

B.choose

C.know

D.change参考答案：16.B

17.A

18.A

19.B

20.C

21.C

22.D

23.D

24.A

25.B

26.D

27.B

28.B

29.B

30.D

31.A

32.C

33.B

34.A

35.B本文讲述了作者的人生观，他认为在人生的路上人们要学会用乐观的心态微笑欣赏沿途的风景。16.B考查动词。A.saves节约；B.spends花费；C.enjoys享受；D.kills杀死。此处指搭车的人花时间在岔路口等车。人做主语表示“花费”用spend，故选B。17.A考查动词。A.walking步行；B.running跑；C.driving驾驶；D.riding骑。此处表示“或者花时间在岔路口等车或者沿路疾走”，故选A。18.A考查名词。A.comfort安慰，舒适；B.bore厌烦；C.adventure冒险；D.pain疼痛。当我忙碌时，通过唱歌和背诵我记忆中的许多诗我能得到安慰。故选A。23.D考查形容词。A.economical经济的；B.moral道德的；C.physical身体的；D.mental精神的。但是我怀疑和精神弱点有关，后面指的是心里所想，故选D。24.A考查动词。A.tied系住；B.adjusted调整；C.opposed反对；D.exposed暴露。此处指家不是足够令我兴奋，不能拴住我。tie…to“把……绑住”，故选A。25.B考查名词。A.conditions条件；B.possessions财产；C.preparations准备；D.occasions机会。此处指没有任何物质财产能让我有兴趣长时间呆在家里。指物质财产，故选B。26.D考查副词。A.Otherwise否则；B.Thus因此；C.Besides此外；D.Yet然而。虽然没有东西能让我长时间留在家里，然而我并不是和家人、同学、朋友在一起不快乐。表示转折，故选D。27.B考查形容词。A.lonely孤独的；B.young年轻的；C.free自由的；D.sad难过的。此处指我年轻的时候喜欢外出远足。下文的Iwasquiteoptimisticasaboythen和whenIwasatsixty也给了提示，故选B。28.B考查动词。A.continue继续；B.complete完成；C.combine结合；D.control控制。我外出旅行时我确信我会安全地完成旅行。表示完成旅行，故选B。29.B考查形容词。A.experienced熟练的；B.untested未试验的；C.foreseen预见的；D.fantastic奇异的。因为我非常乐观对待前面未试验的生活。指未经历过的生活，故选B。30.D考查名词。A.blessings祝福；B.achievements业绩；C.differences差异；D.challenges挑战。此处指我60岁时仍然对背后的许多挑战保持乐观，故选D。31.A考查动词。A.smile微笑；B.spit吐痰；C.shout呼喊；D.sigh叹息。我似乎天生就是微笑面对世界的，这种人没有悲剧。与donotwritetragedies对比，故选A。32.C考查形容词。A.beautiful美丽的；B.rough粗糙的；C.mysterious神秘的；D.dangerous危险的。此处指简单的事实是我看到我房子外面神秘的路时，我就决定去探索。根据下句toexplore可知，选C。33.B考查形容词。A.frightened害怕的；B.determined决心的；C.worried担心的；D.surprised感到惊讶的。此处表示我决定去探索，bedeterminedtodo“决定做某事”，故选B。34.A考查名词。A.road公路；B.door门；C.window窗户；D.air空气。我带着健康自由的心态走向开放的路。与下句的path呼应，故选A。35.B考查动词。A.start开始；B.choose选择；C.know知道；D.change改变。此处指无论我选择去哪里，前方的路，前方的长长的棕色小路都带我去我选择的地方。指选择去的地方，故选B。【名师点睛】完形填空题的命题特点及答题方法：1.侧重基础知识，考查学生语言知识的能力完形填空以文入手，结合文章的内容考查学生的基础知识，主要是词语搭配、固定句型、近义词辨析、辨析句子结构、掌握语法规则的能力，其中考查实词居多。2.上下文对照，考查学生捕捉关键词的能力解完形填空题时，单独看一句话是找不到正确答案的，需要注意句子间的关系及句子与段落的关系。所谓上下对照，即在上文和下文中找到与正确答案相同的关键词。因此，在做题时要边读边在大脑中储存上下文信息，捕捉关键词。小题5考查形容词。A.dullest最愚钝的；B.busiest最忙的；C.poorest最穷的；D.laziest最懒的。此处指在某些方面我在旅途中是最穷的男孩，但在其他方面我却是最富有的。与后面的richest形成对比，故选C.小题7考查副词。A.always总是；B.sometimes有时候；C.often经常；D.never从不。此处指我从不足够聪明分析我搭顺风车的动机和驱使，和下文Ihaveneverbeenoutofmind.呼应，故选D.小题16考查动词。A.smile微笑；B.spit吐痰；C.shout呼喊；D.sigh叹息。我似乎天生就是微笑面对世界的，这种人没有悲剧。与donotwritetragedies对比，故选A。3.设置语境，考查学生的分析推理能力旨在考查学生在选项都符合语法及句子结构的情况下能否利用前后语境去推断出正确答案。如小题12考查形容词。A.lonely孤独的；B.young年轻的；C.free自由的；D.sad难过的。此处指我年轻的时候喜欢外出远足。下文的Iwasquiteoptimisticasaboythen说明是boy时代，whenIwasatsixty也给了提示，本段是按时间顺序写的，所以用young.4.结合生活，考查学生利用常识题的能力目的考查学生的生活常识，看看学生是否善于观察生活，积累生活常识，能否利用常识去做恰当的选择。如小题6考查名词。A.movies电影；B.shows表演；C.landscapes风景；D.exhibitions展览。一路上我乐于结识新的人，听新的故事，看新的风景。根据ontheroad可推知是看风景，故选C。三、阅读理解18.OnarecenttriptotheislandofNewfoundland,Canada,myhusbandaskedourtalkativecabdriverwhatmadehimmostproudtobeanative.“Ourgenerosityandhospitality(好客),”herepliedinastronglocalaccent.“Ifyourcarbreaksdowninthemiddleofnowhere,someonewillstoptohelp.Peopleherearekindlikethat.”Hisanswerranginmymindduringthatridewithmyhusbandandteenagekids,asweheadedouttoexploreonthefirstdayofourvacation.LittledidIknowwewereabouttoexperiencesomeofthatremarkableNewfoundlandkindnessforourselves.WemetAlmathatsamemorningatthestartofalonghike.Ourteenagershurriedahead,andaswewalkedbehind,admiringthescenery,twowomeninsunglassesandsummerhikingequipmentstopped.They’dheardusdiscussingdifferentroutes,andthenaskedifwe’dlikesuggestions.Theylookedtobeintheir40s,andwerebothenthusiastictosharetheirlocalexpertise.Welistenedeagerly,takingmentalnotes,untiloneofthewomenasked,“Youhaveacar,right?”Iexplainedthattherewerenocarsavailableduringourweekontheisland,sowehadtorelyoncabsinstead.“Ohno,”shesaid,“youneedacar.”Andthen,ascasuallyasifofferingapieceofchewinggum(口香糖),shesaid,“Takemine!”MyhusbandandIjustsmiledindisbelief,dumbfounded.“Whynot?”sheinsisted.“Youneedacartogettoknowalltheseplaces.”“Butyoudon’tevenknowus,”Isaid.“Thatdoesn’tmatter,”shecontinuedwithabsolutedetermination.Surprised,Ilookedoveratherfriend,whoshruggedandsaid,“That’sAlma.”Fortyminutesoftalkinglater,myfamilyclimbedintoAlma’scar.Wespenttherestofourvacationdiscoveringdifferentareasofthisbeautifulisland.Butitwasn’tthegroupsofwhaleswesaw,orthevastareasofwoodland,thatmadethisplacesomemorable.Instead,itwastheactofkindnessfromacompletestrangerthatmadeusrealizehowspecialNewfoundlandreallywas.Nextyear,there’snodoubtwherewe’llbetakingoursummervacation.Whoknowswhatactofkindnesswe’llmeetthen?24.Whatdidthecabdrivertakeprideinasanative?A.Theirkindnessandenthusiasm. B.Theircheapserviceandfriendliness.C.Theirunselfishnessanddetermination. D.Theirrichexperienceandlocalknowledge.25.Theunderlinedword“dumbfounded”inParagraph5probablymeans“________”.A.annoyed B.satisfied C.shocked D.embarrassed26.WhatimpressedtheauthormostduringherstayinNewfoundland?A.Thelocalcultureoftheisland. B.Theanswerfromthecabdriver.C.Thebeautifulsceneryoftheisland. D.Thehelpfromanenthusiasticstranger.27.Whatcanweinferabouttheauthorfromthelastparagraph?A.SheexpectstovisitNewfoundlandagain.B.Shehasn’tdecidedwheretogonextyearyet.C.SheislookingforwardtomeetingAlmaoncemore.D.Shealsowantstobekindtoothersduringthevacation.参考答案：24.A

25.C

26.D

27.A本文是一篇记叙文。文章中作者介绍了一家人的加拿大纽芬兰岛之旅。在这次旅行中，给作者留下最深刻印象的不是美丽的景色，而是她遇到的陌生人的善良和热情好客。【24题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Ourgenerosityandhospitality(好客),”herepliedinastronglocalaccent.一句可知，出租车司机最为自豪的是当地人的慷慨和好客。A选项中的Theirkindnessandenthusiasm“他们的善良与好客”最为接近。故选A。【25题详解】词义猜测题。根据前句MyhusbandandIjustsmiledindisbelief（我丈夫和我只是不相信地笑着）可知，当Alma提出让作者一家开自己的车去旅行的时候，作者和丈夫很惊诧。Dumbfounded惊呆的，目瞪口呆的。故选C。【26题详解】细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段Instead,itwastheactofkindnessfromacompletestrangerthatmadeusrealizehowspecialNewfoundlandreallywas.（取而代之，是一个陌生人的善意之举让我意识到纽芬兰的真正特别之处。）可知，给作者留下最深刻印象的是来自一位热心的陌生人的帮助。故选D。【27题详解】推理判断题。从本文可知，陌生人的善良和热情好客给作者留下了最深刻印象，且根据最后一段Nextyear,there’snodoubtwherewe’llbetakingoursummervacation.Whoknowswhatactofkindnesswe’llmeetthen?（毫无疑问我们明年会去哪里过暑假。谁知道到时候我们又会遇到什么样的善意之举呢？）可知，作者将还会去纽芬兰岛旅行。故选A。19.EducatorsacrosstheUSarecallingformajorchangestotheadmissionsprocessinhighereducation.TheHarvardschoolofGreduateEducation,alongwith80otherschoolsandorganizations,releasedareportcalled"TurningtheTideMakingCaringCommon”inJanuary,2016.Thereportarguesthattheprocessschoolsusetochoosestudentscausesmajorproblems.DavidHawkinsistheExecutiveDirectorforEducationalContentandPolicyattheNationalAssociationforCollegeAdmissionsCounseling.HawkinstoldVoiceofAmericathatmostcollegesanduniversitiesrequiremany

thingsfromstudentswhentheyapply.Schoolsusuallyaskforanessaydescribingastudent'sinterestsorwhytheywanttostudyatthatschool.Theschoolsalsoaskforlettersfromteachersorotherresponsibleadultsdescribingwhyastudentisagoodcandidate.But,Hawkinssays,theareathatschoolsaremostconcernedaboutisastudent'shighschoolgradesandstandardizedtestresults.Thereportsuggeststhatpayingattentiontoacademicsuccessoverotherqualitiesworkswellforsomestudentsbuthurtsothers.Inaddition,academicsuccessisnotthemostimportantqualityastudentshouldhave.Moreattentionshouldbepaidtoshowingwhetherornotastudentwantstodowellintheworld,accordingtothereport.Thereportgoesontostatethatthebestwaytochangetheadmissionsprocessisbychangingcollegeapplications.Itsuggeststhatschoolsshouldaskforevidencethatstudentscareaboutotherpeople.Butthereportdoeshaveitscritics.BobSchaeffer,PublicEducationDirectorfortheNationalCenterforFairandOpenTesting,saidthateveryfewyears,someonemakesthesameargumentforchanges,butnorealchangehashappedyet.Evenmanyoftheschoolsthatagreewiththereportstillmakenochanges.LloydThacker,ExecutiveDirectoroftheEducationConservancy,saidthatuntilamajorityofschoolsagreetomakethechanges,therewillstillbeproblems.However,hesaid,theadmissionsprocesswasbetterinthepast.Ifbadchangescanaff