2013届高考英语第一轮课时复习课件20无忧

Units1～2Ⅰ.单词默写1．politician

n．政治家，政客2．smoothly

adv.平稳地；顺利地；平滑地3．squeeze

n．拮据，紧缺；挤压4．bookworm

n．书虫，酷爱读书的人5．power

vt.给……提供动力，驱动6．alternative

adj.可供选择的，二选一的7．tentative

adj.尝试的，试探的，实验性的8．changeable

adj.易变的；可变的9．preferential

adj.优惠的，特惠的；优先的10．closed

adj.封闭的，排外的；封闭的，关闭的11．yearly

adv.&adj.happeningeveryyearoronceayear12．conventional

adj.thinkingandbehavinginthenormalandtraditionalway13．casual

adj.withoutanyclearaimorseriousinterest14．partner

n.oneofthepeoplewhoownsabusiness15．submit

vt.toformallysendsomethinginwritingtosomeoneforthemtoconsiderⅡ.词汇拓展1．importvt.进口；输入n．进口；输入→export(反义词)2．dependentadj.依靠的，依赖的→depend

v．依赖3．repayvt.偿还；报答，回报→repayment

n．偿贷，还债4．casualadj.随意的，非正式的；不经意的，漫不经心的→casually

adv.不经意地，随便地5．adjustmentn．调整，调节→adjust

v．调整，调节语境助记——词不离句，句不离段Africanpoliticianssubmitedatentativeandalternativeplanthattheymustchangetheclosedpolicytoenduptherepayment.Theyalsosuggestedthatthegovernmentshouldadjustmeasurestoincreasetheimportandpreferentialpolicy.

Ⅲ.短语落实1．takeadvantageof/makeuseof利用2．putpressureon给……施加压力3．ontopof另外，此外4．withoutdoubt毫无疑问5．bedependenton依靠，依赖；随……而定6．putintopractice将……付诸实施7．Submitto服从，顺从，听任8．Taketo开始从事；喜欢，沉溺于9．Inlargenumbers大量地10．wordofmouth言传，口口相传Ⅳ.句子翻译1．Today,somedevelopingcountriesinAfrica,AsiaandSouthAmericastandatacrossroads.(Page2)今天，非洲、亚洲和南美洲的一些发展中国家正处于关键时刻。2．ThesecountriescollectedtheRomaandsentthemtoothercountries,oftenwithoutafairhearing.(Page31)这些国家将罗姆人集中起来，通常未经公正的申诉就把他们遣送到其他国家。3．它们是授人以渔的成果，让一个人可以一生填饱自己的肚子。(Page3)Theyaretheresultofteachingamanto_fishso_thathecanfillhisbellyforalifetime.4．这就是许多人强烈要求使用替代能源的原因。(Page14)Thisiswhymanypeoplearepushingfortheuseofalternativeenergy

sources.5．现在，所有的年轻人——甚至我的亲人——都搬走了。(Page19)Now,alltheyoungpeople—evenmyownfleshandblood—moveaway.targetvt.把……作为目标

n．靶子，目标

【课本原句】TheFood­for­Growthprogramme,whichtargetspeoplemostatrisk,suchasbabies,pregnant,womenandtheelderly.(P2)健康成长粮食计划——它主要以身处危险中的人群作为目标，比如婴儿，孕妇，妇女和老人。【联想拓展】targetsb/sth把……作为目标targetsthon/atsth/sb目的在于hitatarget完成指标setatargetforsth为……制定目标meetatarget达到目标ontarget按目标aneasytarget很容易击中的目标；容易受攻击的人

——看看高考怎么考翻译句子①Suchaggressivetargetsaredifficultbecausedesignrequirementslikenaturallightforstudentsgoagainsttherealitiesofadesertclimate. (2009·湖北卷·阅读理解D)像这种侵略目标很难实现，因为设计要求为学生有足够的光线，这和沙漠气候的现实相矛盾。②Whattypeofreaderisthenewmagazinetargeting?这本新杂志把什么样的读者视为目标？③Theprogrammeistargetedatimprovingthehealthofwomenofallages.这个食谱旨在提高各个年龄段的妇女的健康。④Thebookwillbethetargetofbittercriticism.这本书将成为尖锐批评的对象。

switchvi.

vt.&n．转换，转变【课本原句】Developingcountriescandothisiftheyswitchfromimportingfoodtoproducingit.(P3)如果发展中国家能从进口食物转换为生产食物，那么他们也能做到。【联想拓展】switchon打开switchoff关掉switchover转换(电台或电视频道)；(方法、产品等)完全改变switchwithsb与(同事)调班switchtosth转换到……

——看看高考怎么考①我们换频道3看《蜗居》好吗？ShallweswithoverChannel3forDwellingNarrowness?②我把毯子掀开，又跑去开灯。Iliftedtheblanketandwenttoswithonthelight.【课本原句】Infact,mostofthemhavedebtsthatcanneverberepaid.(P9)事实上，大多数发展中国家都有很多不能偿还的债务。【联想拓展】repaysbsth(＝repaysthtosb)归还；偿还repaysbforsth因(为)某事回报某人repayableadj.可偿还的，应偿还的repaymentn.偿还

repayvt.偿还；报答，回报

——看看高考怎么考①我非常想把他们借给我的钱还给他们。Ifullyintendtorepaythemoneytheylentme.②我怎么才能报答你为我所做的一切？HowcanIeverrepayyouforwhatyou'vedonetous?

interestn.

利息；利益；兴趣v.

使感兴趣【课本原句】However,veryhighinterestrateshavecreatedasituationwherecountriesinthedevelopingworldnowspend$13ondebtrepaymentforevery$1thattheyreceive.(P9)然而，高利率已经出现了一些国家每赚1美元就要花13美元来还债这样的情况。【联想拓展】show/loseinterestinsth表现出/失去对……的兴趣haveno/some/much/littleinterestinsth对……没有/有些/很有/没有多少兴趣withinterest有兴趣地intheinterest(s)of为了……的利益interestsbinsth使某人对某事感兴趣beinterestedin对……感兴趣翻译句子①我们有各式各样的夏令营活动，你可以根据你的爱好来选择一个。 (2011·福建卷·单项填空)Wehavevarioussummercampsforyournholidays；youcanchooseonebasedonyourowninterests.②他对此失去了兴趣。He'slostinterestinit.③—Thefilmis,Ihavetosay,notabitinteresting.—Why?It's________thanthefilmsIhaveeverseen.(2011·江西卷·单项填空24)A．farmoreinteresting B．muchlessinterestingC．nomoreinteresting D．anylessinteresting答案A④Youarelookingoutofthewindowagain.Whyareyouso________aboutwhatishappeningoutside？(2011·邵东创新实验学校11月月考)A．eager B．interestedC．anxious D．curious答案D

alternativeadj.可供选择的，二选一的

n．(二者当中)选一个，

供选择的东西【课本原句】Thisiswhymanypeoplearepushingfortheuseofalternativeenergysources.(P14)这就是许多人正在强烈要求使用替代能源的原因。【联想拓展】havenoalternativebuttodo...别无选择只好做……alternativelyadv.两者挑一地alternatev.交替；轮流alternate...with/and...使交替发生/出现；轮流安排

——看看高考怎么考①Youcanseechangesintheirlifethatareconnectedwiththeiralternative(可供选择的)breakexperiences.(2011·天津卷·阅读表达)②我们别无他法只有辞退汤姆。WehavenoalternativebuttofireTom.

choosev．选择，决定；挑选【课本原句】Wherewouldyouliketomoveifyoucouldchooseaplacetomoveto？(P17)如果你可以选择的话你会去哪里？choosesth选择，选取，选中choosetodosth选择做(宁愿做)，决定做choose...from从……中选出ThereislittletochoosefromAandBA和B不相上下，难以取舍辨析elect/pick/selectelect强调选举、推选，即通过投票选择某人担任某职位。pick强调拾起、采集、挑选、窃取、偷。select指“精选”，即有所淘汰。

——看看高考怎么考

根据句意，选用choose，elect，pick，select的正确形式完成句子①WhenIamfacedwithadifficulty,IusuallychoosetorefertorelevantlearningmaterialsorWebpages.(2011·安徽卷·写作范文)②Helookedthroughasuitandselectedthecheapestoneforme.③Thechildrenwerepickingtomatoesinthegarden.④Hehadhispocketpickedyesterday.

agen．年龄【课本原句】ThroughouttheMidwestandtheNorth­east,peopleaged60andoverarepackingtheirbagsandheadingsouthalongthefreewaytostatelikeFlorida.(P18)在整个中西部和东北部地区，60及60岁以上的人们正在收拾行囊，沿着高速公路向南行进到像佛罗里达这样的州去。agedadj.……岁的；年迈的childrenaged12andover12岁及12岁以上的儿童theaged(＝theold)老年人aging/ageingbuilding老化、陈旧的建筑

【联想拓展】attheageof在……岁时atanearlyage在很小的时候act/beyourage成熟点吧besb‘sage与某人同龄reachtheageof`...达到……年龄withage随着年龄的增大forages好久comeofage达到法定年龄beoverage超龄beunderage未成年，不足年龄

——看看高考怎么考①Everyoneisforgetful,but,weasweage(当我们变老时)starttofeellikeourbrainsareslowingdownabit—andthatcanbeaveryannoyingthing. (2011·辽宁卷·七选五)根据句意填介词②Hefoundhecouldnotenterforthescholarship,ashewasoverage.③Johnwasrejectedbythearmybecausehewasunderage.④PeopleinJapanenjoyalonglife；womencanlivetotheageof89whilemento84.submitvi.服从，顺从，听任vt.递交，呈递；提议，主张，认为【课本原句】Byrefusingtosubmittoanygovernment,theRomacannotvote,buttheyalsocannotbeforcedtopaytaxes.(P30)由于拒绝屈从于任何政府，罗姆人不能投票，但他们也不能被强迫缴税。【联想拓展】submit(oneself)to...服从……，顺从……submitsthto...向……提交……submit＋that认为……submitanentry报名参加submissionn.服从，屈服；提交insubmissionto服从……，顺从……，听从……

——看看高考怎么考①Youarefreetosubmit(呈递)thearticleelsewhereatthesametime. (2011·北京卷·阅读理解B)②Wecan't________globalwarming.Instead,bothdevelopedcountriesanddevelopingcountriesshouldshouldertheresponsibilityinthefightagainstclimatechange.(2011·邵阳县一中11月月考)A．submitto B．correspondtoC．subscribeto D．promiseto答案A【课本原句】Theconcertalsoreceivedsomuchattentionaroundtheworldthatitputgreatpressureonpoliticiansandstatesmentodosomethingaboutthefamine.(P2)音乐会还受到了全世界的极大关注，这给政客们施加了巨大的压力，迫使他们为这次饥荒做一些事情。putpressureon/uponsb给……施压【联想拓展】easeoffthepressureofsb为某人减轻压力exertpressureonsbtodosth迫使某人做某事relieve/reducepressureonsb/sth减缓……的压力underpressure在压力之下giveintopressure屈从压力highbloodpressure高血压airpressure大气压

——看看高考怎么考①Healsogavemesome______ondressingandspeaking.Ihandedoutmyresumesandwenthomefeelingverysatisfied.(2011·安徽卷·完形填空)A．pressures B．agreementsC．impressions D．suggestions答案D②Thepressurethatthebankhas________onourcompanyistoreduceitsborrowings. (2012·株洲二中10月份月考)A．madeB．givenC．sentD．put答案D③Somepeopleworkwell________whileothersgetnervousanddobadly. (2012·湖南石门一中高三摸底考试)A．underwayB．underpressureC．undercontrolD．underrepair答案B

accountfor(在数量和比例上)占，占据；是……的原因；对……作出解释或说明【课本原句】Thegroupaccountedfornearly18percentofthestate'spopulation.(P18)这个人群大约占到该州人口的18%。【联想拓展】take(no)accountof...(不)考虑，(不)重视……oaccount＝oconsideration考虑……onaccountof因为……onnoaccount决不(位于句首时，句子要倒装)

——看看高考怎么考①DrKennethSchraderofDukeUniversity,NorthCarolinastatesthatalthoughtheelderlyrepresentabout13%oftheUSpopulation,thoseaged65andoveraccountfortheconsumptionofonethirdofalldrugs.(占了所有药物三分之一的消费)(2010·上海卷·六选五)②离开住宅时千万要锁门。Onnoaccountshouldthehousebeleftunlocked.③By2020,theUnitedNationsestimatesthaturbanpopulationswill________55%ofthetotalhumanpopulation.(2011·澧县一中摸底考试)A．makefor B．countonC．accountfor D．consistin答案C【课本原句】Theconcertalsoreceivedsomuchattentionaroundtheworldthatitputgreatpressureonpoliticiansandstatesmentodosomethingaboutthefamine.(P2)音乐会还受到了全世界的极大关注，这给政客们施加了巨大的压力，迫使他们为这次饥荒做一些事情。

so...that如此……以至于so...that引导结果状语从句【联想拓展】so...that...句型中，so后面应加一个形容词或副词，“如此……以至于”。sothat主要用来引导目的状语从句。其从句中的谓语动词常和can，may，should等情态动词连用，而且主句和从句之间不使用逗号，意为“以便能够”。

——看看高考怎么考①Allweassume(推测)isthatsomeearlymeninventedcertainsounds,inonewayoranother,toexpressthoughtsandfeelings,actionsandthings，sothattheycouldtalkwitheachother(以便他们能够彼此交流).(2011·全国Ⅱ·阅读理解E)②他们早早出发以便按时赶到。Theyset

outearlysothattheymightarrive

intime.③Ihaveseldomseenmymother________please