Accenture+2022年全球银行进展报告

Disclosures(TCFD)RecommendationsGlobalProgressReportfortheBankingSectorDecember2022Foreword3Authors’Note4ExecutiveSummary5Results12IndustryCoverage13MaturityAssessment18Governance24Strategy27RiskManagement34Metrics&Targets372BestPractice&Recommendations41Governance44Strategy48RiskManagement55Metrics&Targets59SummaryofRecommendations61TCFDWhat’sNext?63Howcanwehelp?66Annexes70a.TCFDBackground71b.ReportMethodology72c.MaturityAssessmentDataTables88d.ReferencesandDataSources913ForewordTheglobaleffectsofclimatechangeareundeniable.Notonlyfromthe‘codered’scientificfindingsoftheSixthAssessmentIPCCreports,butalsothenumerousextremeweathereventsthatwehaveseeninthelastyearalonesuchasdevastatingfloodsinPakistan,wildfiresinEuropeandrecordbreaking40°heatintheUKtonameafew.Despitetheseevents,physicalriskisnotashighapriorityastransitionriskformanyfinancialfirms,probablybecausetheyexpecttransitionrisktohaveamoredirectandimmediatefinancialimpact.However,ashistoricemissionswillcausemuchoftheglobalwarmingforthenextfewdecades,itmustbeembeddedintotheriskassessmentsofanyplanningandinvestments.Astemperaturesrise,thefrequencyandintensityoftheseextremeeventswillalsoincrease.Preventingglobalwarmingofmorethan1.5°Crequiresimmediateanddeterminedaction.However,progresssinceCOP26hasbeenslow.Thisyear’ssummitinSharmEl-SheikhmadelittleprogressonlimitingtemperaturerisestowithintheboundssetbytheParisagreementin2015.Indeedcurrentemissionsreductionspledgesputusoncourseforatemperatureriseofapproximately2.5°Cabovehistoriclevels.Butthisisnotanopportunityforbankstoreduceeffortstosupportemissionsreductions,butrather,itmakestheirroleevenmoreimportant.Theyneedtocontinuetostrivetolimitingwarmingto1.5°C,whilstpreparingforoutcomesthathighertemperatureincreasesmightentail.Clearandconsistentclimatedisclosuresareaninvaluabletoolforthebankingsectortodevelopandframetheirresponsetoclimatechange,aswellasdemonstratingtostakeholdersandthebroadereconomythattheyfullyunderstandandaretakingaccountofclimatechangeinbusinessdecisions—ornot.TheTCFDisbecomingthecornerstoneofmanyexistingandupcomingdisclosureframeworksandregulationssuchastheSECclimatedisclosure,EuropeanSustainableReportingStandardsandtheTCFD’ssibling,theTaskForceonNature-relatedFinancialDisclosures.Therefore,gettingtogripswiththeTCFDsoonerratherthanlaterwillputbanksingoodsteadtofulfiltherisingexpectationsregardingthequalityofclimatedisclosures.Thisisnotaquickwinandrequirestimetogatherreliableandmeasurableinformationtobeusedindecisionmaking.Moreover,especiallyasoccurrencesofgreenwashingareevermoreapparentinthemarket,beingclear,accurateandaccountableindisclosureshouldbeattheforefrontofbanks’minds.Theanalysispresentedinthisreportillustratesspecificexamplesofemergingleadingpracticeacrossindustry.Butalthoughprogressisbeingmade,thereisstillroomforimprovementinhowclimaterisksandopportunitiesarequantifiedoverdifferenttimehorizonsandintegratedintostrategicplanning.Bankscanalsoshowmoresignificantcommitmenttodeliveringontransitionplansandnetzerogoalswithnotonlystrongemissionreductionsinownoperations,butbyengagingwithcompaniestosupportrealworlddecarbonization.Thisisanurgentactionrequiredofbankstohelppreventtheaccumulationofdevastatingsystemicrisksovercomingdecades.IhopethatbankstakethefindingsofthisreporttoheartandfullyembedtherecommendationsoftheTCFDintotheirbusiness-as-usualreporting,totackleclimateissueshead-onanddriveforwardtoalowcarbonfuture.President,GARPRiskInstitute4Authors’NoteThisreportisthethirdannualdetailedassessmentofindividualbanks’disclosuresbyourFinancialServicesSustainabilityteam.Ourambitioninundertakingthisresearchistocreatefurthertransparencyacrosstheindustryand,throughyear-on-yearcomparisonsofouranalysis,objectivelyestablishtheprogressthatisbeingmadetowardsalow-carboneconomy.Furthermore,wewanttohighlightthekeyareaswheremoreworkisstilltobedoneandprovideourviewonhowtoapproachthis.SincetheTCFDfirstpublisheditsframeworkandrecommendationsin2017,eachyearhasseenanincreasingnumberofcompaniesdisclosingclimate-relatedfinancialinformationinlinewiththeTCFDrecommendations.Endorsementacrossallindustriesnowrepresentsacombinedmarketcapitalizationof~USD25trillion1,showingatruedesiretobetterunderstandthefinancialrisksposedbyclimatechangeandembedmeaningfulactionsintobusinessmodelstosupportanddriveforwardtheresponsetotheclimatecrisisanditsdevastingimpacts.Internationally,overthelastfewyears,climatechangeissueshavegainedmorefocusandpolicymomentumwithinthefinancialservicesindustryandareincreasinglyalignedwiththeTCFD,forexampletheUSSEC’sClimateDisclosureregulationandtheUK’sclimate-relatedreportingregulations.COP26inGlasgowwasseenasauniqueopportunityformanylargebankstomakeheadline-grabbingcommitmentsaroundclimateactionandmanyoftheworld’sleadingcountriesarenowadoptingmandatoryclimatedisclosures.Ascompaniesbegintofocusonthemandatorydisclosurerequirements,thereisaheightenedemphasisontheneedforcorporateclimatetransitionplans2,withananticipationthatthesewillprovideanenhancedlayeroftransparencyintocompanies’actionsandambitionstowardsmanagingtheimpactofclimatechange.Aclimatetransitionplanoutlinesacompany’sbusinessstrategywithregardtohowitwilladapttoandmitigatethechallengesposedbyclimatechangeandmovetowardsalowcarboneconomy,withafocusonreductiontargets,milestones,actionableinitiativesandeffectivegovernanceprocesses.Aspartofour2022TCFDmaturityassessment,wefoundthatoverathirdofTCFD-disclosingbankshaveincorporatedsomeformofatransitionplanintotheirreporting,rangingfromabriefmentionoftransitiontargetstofullyscoped-outtransitionplans.Severalbanksmentionedtheirambitiontobecomenetzeroby2050intheirannualreports,whilstothersincludedsectionsontheirtransitionplansinseparateTCFDreports.Whilstthelevelofdetailintheplansvaries,itisevidentthattransitionplanningisanareaofincreasedfocusformanyfinancialinstitutions,withroomforfarmoredevelopedreportinganddetailedunderlyingofgranulartargetsinfuture.Wehopeyoufindthisreporttobeavaluableresourceinyourownorganization’sTCFDjourney.Signed,TheAuthorsExecutiveExecutiveSummaryFiveyearshavepassedsincetheTaskForceonClimate-relatedFinancialDisclosures(TCFD)releaseditsfinalrecommendationsreport.Throughoutthistimeframe,wehaveseenanincreaseintheglobaluptakeoftheframeworkandthetransparencyofbanks’reporting.However,furtherprogressisstillneededtoprovidemorestandardizationonthedisclosureofthecosts,opportunitiesandrisksofclimatechangefororganizationsacrosstheworld.ThepurposeofthisreportistoprovideaprogressassessmentonbankingsectordisclosuressincethepreviousGlobalProgressReport,releasedinQ12021.Itspecificallyconsidersthecriticalrolethatbanksneedtoplayasenablersofcapitaltohelpmitigatetheimpactofclimatechangeandbuildtheinfrastructurerequiredforafuturelower-carboneconomy.Industrycoverage:WhatproportionofthebankingmarketisendorsinganddisclosinginlinewiththeTCFDframework?Maturityassessment:Howmaturearethedisclosuresbasedontherecommendationsoftheframework?Bestpractice:Whatdo“Advanced”disclosuresinthesectorcurrentlylooklike?56ResultsSummaryINDUSTRYINDUSTRYCOVERAGE257bankshaveendorsedtheTCFD'srecommendationsWHICHWHICHACCOUNTSFOR6060%ofglobalbankingassetsPROGRESSPROGRESSSINCEQ22020increaseinthenumberofbanksincreaseinglobalbankingassetsrepresentedaredisclosinginlinewiththeTCFDframeworkWHICHWHICHACCOUNTSFOR553%ofglobalbankingassetsPROGRESSPROGRESSSINCEQ22020+139%increaseinthenumberofbanksincreaseinglobalbankingassetsrepresentedRegionwithlargestgrowthpotential:Latam,MiddleEastandAfrica16banksendorsingTCFD7%ofregionalbankingassetsLeadingregion:AsiaPacific140banksendorsingTCFD76%ofregionalbankingassetsBreakdownofbanksendorsingTCFD,bysize:Large>USD500billioninassetsMediumUSD50–500billionSmall<USD50billion23%23%35%42%MATURITMATURITYASSESSMENTQQUANTITATIVEDISCLOSURETRANSITIONEMISSIONSEVIDENCEQUALITYPLANSGHGBanksthathavepreviouslyproducedTCFDreportsshowimprovedclarityandstructureintheirdisclosures,aswellasfurtherprogressionintheimplementationofkeyinitiatives.Scope1and2GHGemissionsandoperationalfootprintmanagementiswellunderstoodandpresented,howeverdisclosureofScope3financedemissionscouldbebetterimproved;withsomefirmsdisclosingpartialinformationornothingatall.Themostchallengingremainsthestrategypillar,particularlyinthedisclosureofhowclimateissueshavebeenintegratedintostrategicplanningandthequantitativeevidenceusedtoassessthepotentialimpactoftherisksandopportunitiesidentifiedoverdifferenttimehorizons.Overathirdofdisclosingbankshaveincorporatedsomeformofatransitionplanintotheirreporting.Settingnet-zerotargetsisafirststep,butingeneralfurtherdevelopmentisneededtovalidateandquantifyprogresstowardstargets.IndustryCoverageThereare257banks3thathaveendorsedtheTCFDframework,whichaccountsfor~60%(USD108.3trillion)ofglobalbankingassets:•Thereareanadditional146banksthathaveendorsedtheframeworksincethepublicationofour2021report4,mainlysmallandmediumbanks,whichrepresentover90%oftheentireNewDisclosersontheTCFDEndorserslist.Thisdemonstratesthegrowingpriorityoftheclimateagendaacrossthesector.•TheleadingregionforTCFDadoptionisAsiaPacific,with140banksnowendorsingtheframework.AsiaPacificisalsothelargestnetcontributortobanksnewlyendorsingtheTCFDsinceourpreviousreport(99banks).•Thereislimitedmarketcoveragein“Other”bankingregions(7%),withonly16banksendorsinginLatinAmerica,theMiddleEastandAfricacombined.ThereisstillalotofprogresstobemadeintermsofTCFDdisclosuresandendorsementswithintheseregions.•Focusingonbuy-infromlargerbanksstillholdssignificantpotentialforincreasingthemarketpenetrationofTCFDendorsement.Currently,20oftheworld’stop100bankshavenotyetendorsedtheTCFD.Ifthisgroupweretosupporttheframework,globalmarketsharewouldincreasefrom60%to68%.7BanksthathavestarteddisclosinginlinewiththeTCFDframeworkaredefinedasthosethatalreadyincludesuchdisclosureswithintheirpublicreports(e.g.annualreports,ESGreports,corporatesocialresponsibilityreports,etc.).•Therearecurrently182banksdisclosingagainsttheframework,accountingfor~53%ofglobalbankingassets(USD96.1trillion).8MaturityMaturityAssessmentAccentureMethodology“NotStarted”:abankthatfailstoprovideanyevidenceagainstatheme,e.g.,failstomentionorshowcaseahigh-levelplantowardsprogresstheme.“Beginner”:abankinthevisionandconceptionstages,wherebyitprovidesevidenceofaplanorcommitmenttoprogress,e.g.,endorsingglobalinitiatives.“Intermediate”:abankinthedesignorearlystagesofimplementation.Itisstartingtoevidenceandtalkcompetentlyaboutitsprogress.Itisbeginningtoembedtheseprocessesintoitsbusinessstrategyandsettingtargetstoshowcaseitscommitment.“Advanced”:abankthatshowcasesitsimplementation,disclosesprogressionthroughtrackingmetrics,andplansforfurtherexpansionandtargetsetting.Itcanprovidetangibleevidenceofagainstthetheme,e.g.,quantifiableimpacts,highlightingresultantpositivechangesandidentifyingareasforfurtherimprovement.Publicdisclosuresreleasedbefore15thJune2022,thecutoffdateforthisreportwereassessedforeachbankwhichendorsestheTCFDframeworkandratedintermsofitsprogressineachofthefourTCFDPillars.Tocompletethis,theTCFDrecommendationshavebeensegmentedinto12themes.Eachbankisgivenaratingforeachofthesethemes:“NotStarted”,“Beginner”,“Intermediate”or“Advanced”(seealongside),inlinewiththematuritymethodologydevelopedbyourFinancialServicesSustainabilityteam5.Overall,theaveragematurityofdisclosureshasremainedconsistentsinceour2021report6(~66%disclosureswerescored“Intermediate”or“Advanced”).ThiscanprimarilybeattributedtothesignificantincreaseinthenumberofNewDisclosersreleasingTCFDreportsforthefirsttimein2022,whichoffset,tosomeextent,theyear-on-yearincreaseinmaturityinthosebanksthathavepreviouslydisclosedagainsttheTCFDframework:•WhenlookingonlyatbanksthathavepreviouslydisclosedagainsttheTCFDframework,thepercentageof“Intermediate”or“Advanced”disclosuresincreasesto85%.•“Metricsandtargetsforgreenhousegas(GHG)emissionsandrelatedrisk”(“environmentaloperationalmetrics”)isthemostmaturerecommendation,with78%ofdisclosingbanksinthe“Intermediate”or“Advanced”stages.•“Resilienceoftheorganization’sstrategy,takingintoconsiderationdifferentclimate-relatedscenarios”istheleastmaturerecommendation,withonly56%ofdisclosingbanksinthe“Intermediate”or“Advanced”stages.However,thisdisclosurehasseenthelargestupliftinmaturityofdisclosures,despitetheincreaseinthenumberofNewDisclosers.Thisispossiblyduetotheincreaseinguidanceandattentioninthisarea.inaprogress993%83%69%89%85%77%76%75%74%59%63%93%83%69%89%85%77%76%75%74%59%63%63%53%46%44%81%42%57%45%FigureA:Shareof“Intermediate”or“Advanced”disclosuresbyTCFDrecommendation93%93%Describetheboard’soversightandconsiderationofclimate-relatedrisksandopportunitiesDescribemanagement’sroleinassessingandmanagingclimate-relatedrisksandopportunitiesDescribeandexplaintheimpactofclimate-relatedrisksandopportunitiesontheorganization’sbusinesses,strategy,andfinancialplanningacrossdifferenttimehorizons(shortterm,mediumterm,longterm)Describetheresilienceoftheorganization’sstrategy,takingintoconsiderationdifferentclimate-relatedscenarios,includinga2ºCorlowerscenarioDescribetheprocessesforidentifying,assessing,andmanagingclimate-relatedrisksandhowtheyareintegratedintotheorganization’soverallriskmanagementDiscloseScope1,Scope2,and,ifappropriate,Scope3GHGemissions,andtherelatedrisksDisclosethemetricsandtargetsusedbytheorganizationtoassessclimate-relatedrisksandopportunitiesinlinewithitsstrategyandriskmanagementprocessFigureAshowsthat“ExistingDisclosers”(banksthathavepreviouslydisclosedagainsttheTCFDframework)haveachievedahigherproportionof“Intermediateor“Advanced”disclosuresthanassessedin2020.Banksthatarereportingagainsttheframeworkforthefirsttime–“NewDisclosers”–areshowntohavelessmaturedisclosures.20202022(ExistingDisclosersonly)2022(NewDisclosersonly)10RiskRiskManagementBestPracticeandRecommendationsThroughourFinancialServicesSustainabilityteam’sassessmentofover480sources,thisreportprovidesareviewofemergingbestpracticesandrecommendationsforbankstomanageclimate-relatedrisksandopportunitiesmoreeffectivelyandtoenhancetheirTCFDdisclosures:Governance•Providingclearillustrationsofgovernancestructuresrelatedtoclimate,flowingupanddowntheorganizationallthewaytotheboard.•Establishingcross-divisionforumswithaspecificmandatetoincreasetheconsistencyofclimateadoptionacrosstheorganization.•Linkingexecutivecompensationtosustainabilitymetricsandoutcomes,withmoreambitiousfirmslinkingsustainablefinancingandinvestmentmetrics.Strategy•Identifyingkeyclimateriskdriversforthebankacrossdifferenttimehorizonsandtherationaleunderpinningtheprioritizationofthese.•Demonstratingaframeworkorpolicyonclientengagementtosupportclienttransitionandinformclimateriskanalysis.•Disclosingtheresultsofscenarioanalysis,includingquantitativeresultsandfinancialimpactsunderindustry-recognizedclimatescenarios.•Disclosingasectorandgeographical-levelportfolioanalysisoftransitionandphysicalrisks,goingbeyondtraditionalhightransitionrisksectorsandlinkingtheanalysistoclientengagementactivities.•Evidencinghowclimateriskhasbeenadoptedintotheenterpriseriskmanagementframeworkandprovidingpracticalexamplesofhowexistingriskmanagementprocesseshavebeenadjustedfortheintegrationofclimaterisk.•Demonstratinganincreasingmaturityinthetechnologysolutionsusedtomonitorandmanageclimaterisk.MetricsTargets•PresentingaclearbreakdownofthekeydriversofoperationalGHGemissions,alongsideafeasiblelow-carbontransitionplanandasummaryofthedecarbonizationleversatthebank’sdisposal.•Establishinganinternalcarbonpricingprogram.•Displayingdashboardinsightsofsector-levelportfoliopathwayanalysis,includingalignmenttothefirm-widecommitmentsandgovernmentalobjectivesBanksshouldlooktoconsolidateTCFDdisclosuresandincludetheminannualreports—orprovidealinktotherelevantdocument—tosupportinvestorreviews.WheredisclosuresareintegratedintoexistingreportingstructuresorotherframeworkssuchastheGlobalReportingInitiative(GRI),itisusefultoprovideamapofrelevantsectionsagainsttheTCFDframeworktoassistinreviewsofinformation.ClosingClosingRemarksDespiteglobalchallenges,suchasextremeweatherevents,COVID-19,andthewarinUkraine,theresults,asdetailedinthisreport,showaclearincreaseinthenumberofbanksendorsingtheTCFDfrompreviousyears:apositiveoutlook.Thebankingindustryhasmadesignificantprogressoverthelastfiveyearsindevelopingitsclimatedisclosuresalongsidetheglobalambitiontotackleclimatechange.Ingeneral,wehaveseenthematurityofabank’sTCFDdisclosureimprovewitheachreportreleased.Thisshowstheimportanceoftransparentsharingofinformationtohelpdriveinternationalstandardsettingandthesharingofbestpractice,andwillalsoputbanksingoodsteadtoprepareforandrespondtothegrowingneedtoaddresstheimpactthatfinancialandbusinessdecisionshaveonnaturethroughtheTaskForceonNature-relatedFinancialDisclosures(TNFD),whosefinalrecommendationsareduetobepublishedinearly2023.However,furtherprogressisneeded,particularlyintermsofdevelopingquantitativedisclosures.Despiteincreasedinformationonclimatemanagement,thereisstillademandformoresignificantcommitmenttotransitionplansfromthepublic,investorsandgovernments.Declaringnetzerogoalsisthefirststep,butamoreconcrete,establishedplantotransitiontoalow-carboneconomy,translatingParisAgreementtargetsandotherclimateobjectives,needstobematured,clearlyestablishedanddevelopedintotangibleportfolioalignmentplans.Tosupportthetransitiontoalow-carboneconomy,morestandardizeddisclosureisneededtofacilitatecomparisonsandbenefitfromlessonslearnt.Prescriptiveindustryguidance,partneredwithmorestringentregulatoryguidance,wouldleadmoreorganizationstodeclaretheirprogresstowardsnetzeroaswellassupportbanksthroughthetransition.ThestandardssetoutbytheTCFDaretheindustrybenchmarkforclimate-relatedreportingandareincreasinglybeingalignedwithpolicymomentumwithinthefinancialservicesindustry,aswellasbeingusedasthefoundationforfurtherreportingframeworks.TheInternationalSustainabilityStandardsBoard(ISSB)establishedatCOP26,forexample,isbuildingupontheTCFDframeworktomeetthedemandforcomparable,highqualityandconsistentsustainabilityreporting.Thisisanexcitingdevelopmentforreportingintermsofconnectingsustainabilitywithfinancialperformanceandwillhelptoprovidefurtherquantitativeevidencetosupportbanks’climatecommitmentsanddemonstrateimplementation.Itwillrequirebankstodisclosemoregranularinformationaswellasintroduceadditionalspecificdisclosuressuchasindustry-basedmetricsandScope3emissions.Weexpectittobecomeakeypartofanalysisoverthenextfewyearsfollowingtheexpectedissueofthefinalstandardsin2023.Results13•BanksthatareendorsingTCFD,bysizeandglobalmarketshare•KeyinsightsandthemesonTCFDDisclosersandEndorsersProgressandmarketpenetrationintheadoptionofTCFDreportingacrossregionsMehmetHikmetFSSustainabilityAnalystIndustryCoverage•UnderstandingtheglobaltrendsinTCFDgivesusvaluableinsightintothestatusoftheindustry,enablingustoidentifyregionsofpotentialgrowthandexpansionfortheframework.Currently,257banksendorsetheTCFDframework,accountingfor~60%ofglobalbankingassets(USD108.3trillion).Yearonyear,thisequatestoan18percentagepointincreaseinmarketshareandanadditional146bankendorsementssinceourpreviousGlobalProgressReport(when111bankshadendorsedtheframework)anda20percentagepointincreasesinceourfirstGlobalProgressReportin2019.ThisremarkableincreaseinendorsementoverthelasttwoyearshasbuckedthetrendofstagnationingrowthforTCFDglobalmarketpenetration.Previously,thestrongestyearforTCFDendorsementwas2017(theyearinwhichthefinalrecommendationswerepublished).Thisemphasisesthecurrentleveloffocusonclimatechangefactorsmorebroadlywithinthebankingsector.Ofallendorsingbanks,thepercentageofthoseclassifiedaslarge(thosewithassetsofoverUSD500billion)droppedfrom46%in