高中英语外研版Module5Cloning module5sectionⅲ

SectionⅢIntegratingSkills根据所给词性和汉语提示写出下列单词1．adj. 完全相同的，同一的2．adj. 有益的，有用的3．v. 治愈4．adj. 假想的，虚构的5．adj. 难以置信的6．n. 抚育，养育7．adj. 透明的8．adj. 扭曲的，弯曲的9．adj. 基本的，不可或缺的，重要的10．n. 程序11．adj. 有争议的12．adj. 有确实根据的，有效的13．adj. 可选择的14．adj. 特别的，非凡的，卓越的15．adj. 互相矛盾的，相反的，对应的16．n. 道德上的优点，善行17．adj. 易适应的18．adj. 强制的，强迫的19．n. 法规，条例20．adj. 方便的，便利的21．v. 抵抗22．v. 分析23．n. 嫌疑人24．v. 吐出(唾液)25．v. 陪伴，陪同26．v. 吸收27．n. 样本28．v. (问题、困难等)发生，出现29．n. 暴力【答案】4．imaginary11．controversial18．compulsory根据提示补全下列短语1．mistake 错误地2．as 如下3．beidentical 与……一致，和……一样4．rely 依靠，依赖5．treat... 把……当成……对待6．knock 摧毁7．asasweknow 据我们所知8．break 分解9．bring...backlife 使……复活【答案】6．out根据提示补全下列教材原句1．AnItaliandoctorwantstooffercloningasanoptionaltreatmentforcoupleswhochildren.一位意大利医生想把克隆作为不孕夫妇的一种选择性治疗方案。2．somevoluntarycodeofpracticeamongscientistshastobeagreed.很明显，科学家们的一些非官方的行医法规必须被获准。3．byHammond'stwograndchildren,theyaresentonatourthroughJurassicParkincomputer­controlledcars.在哈蒙德的两个孙子的陪伴下，他们被送到电脑控制的轿车中进行环绕侏罗纪公园的旅行。4．Butatropicalstormhitstheisland,thepowersupply，andanemployeedestroysthesecuritysystemsothathecanstealdinosaurembryosandsellthem.但是一场热带风暴袭击了该岛屿，摧毁了电力供应，一个雇员破坏了安全系统，因此他能偷出恐龙胚胎并卖掉它们。5．BraveNewWorldisstillsofamousitdescribesaterrifyingfutureworldthatisbecomingmoreandmorepossible.《勇敢新世界》这本书现在仍然很出名，原因是它向我们展现了一个可怕的未来世界，并且这个世界越来越可能成为现实。【答案】itdifficulttohaveisclearisthatoutreasonwhy；isthat阅读P64～65教材原文，从四个选项中选择最佳答案Stemcellscanbeusedto．A．developintoenzymesB．solvecrimesC．createprizewinninganimalsD．helppeoplerecoverfromdiseases【答案】D阅读P67教材原文，从四个选项中选择最佳答案1．WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?A．Dinosaursdiedoutaftermosquitoesbegantoexist.B．JurassicC．Therearestillproperconditionsfordinosaurstoexisttoday.D．Cloningdinosaursispossible.2．Fromthewholetextwecanconcludethat．A．mosquitoespreservedsinceprehistorictimecanbeusedtocreatelivingdinosaursB．wecanclonedinosaurssuccessfullyC．asuitableenvironmentwheredinosaursmightsurviveprobablydoesn'texisttodayD．femalemosquitoescannotabsorbDNA3．Thewriterofthenoveltakesattitudetosuchastorydescribedinthenovel.A．doubtful B．supportiveC．cold D．objective【答案】1—3BCA阅读P69教材原文，从四个选项中选择最佳答案1．InBraveNewWorld,whichofthefollowingtypesofclonesareleadersofsociety?A．Betas. B．Epsilons.C．Alphas. D．AlphasandBetas.2．ItseemsthatpeopleinBraveNewWorld．A．lovetheirnationverymuchB．hatetheirnationverymuchC．don'thaveanyfeelingsD．aresatisfiedwiththeirownpositions3．Howdoesthegovernmentcontrolthesociety?A．Byteachingthemwhattolikeordislikeandgivingthemdrugstomakethemhappy.B．Bydividingthewholesocietyintofiveclasses.C．Bygivingequalrightstothefivetypesofpeople.D．Bystrongandcruelmethods.【答案】1－3CDAidenticaladj.完全相同的，同样的(教材P61)InwhatwayareSheepAandSheepBidentical?A羊在哪方面与B羊一样？(1)beidenticalwith/to 和……一样，与……一致beidenticalin 在……方面一样/一致(2)identityn. 同一性，一致；身份(3)identifyv. 识别，认同，把……和……看成一样①Thispictureisidenticaltoonemymotherhas.这张照片和我母亲的那张一模一样。②Thetwowordsareidenticalinmeaning.这两个字的字义完全一样。beneficialadj.有益的，有用的(教材P61)Doyouthinkcloningmaybebeneficial/helpfultohumans?Giveatleastonereason.你认为克隆技术会对人类有益/有帮助吗？给出至少一个原因。bebeneficialtosb./sth.＝beofbenefittosb./sth. 对……有益的(to为介词)benefitfrom/by 从……受益forthebenefitof 为了……的利益①Let'sgooutforawalk,forfreshairisbeneficialtoyourhealth.咱们出去走走吧，因为新鲜空气有益于你的健康。②Ibenefitedalotfromreading.阅读使我受益匪浅。③Thesituationintheworldtodayisofbenefittothepeople.当今世界形势对人们非常有利。curev．治愈，治疗n．治愈，疗法；药(剂)(教材P61)Wecouldusecloningtocureillnesses.我们可以使用克隆(技术)来治疗疾病。(1)curesb.(ofsth.) 治愈某人(的病等)；纠正/消除(弊病等)(2)acurefor... ……的一种治疗法(3)curableadj. 可治愈的(4)beyondcure 不可救药①Thedoctorhascuredmanypeopleofsuchdisease.那位医生已经治愈了许多患这种病的人。②Theyclaimedtohavediscoveredacureforthedisease.他们声称已经发现了治疗此病的一种药物。[明辨异同]cure/treatcure作为动词，多用于疾病方面，强调结果，意为“治好”，是及物动词，其主语可以是医生，也可以是某种药。表示“治好某人的某种疾病”，要用curesth.来表示。treat强调治疗的动作，不涉及结果，用于treatsth.结构中。cure/treat③WhenIlefthospitalIwascompletely．④Afamousdoctorisherforherillness.【答案】③cured④treatingresistv．抵抗，反抗，抗拒(其后常跟名词、代词、v.­ing形式作宾语，而不跟不定式)(教材P65)．..forexample,aprizecowwhichcanresistbacteriaordisease,ortosowaclonedcropwhichcanresistrotorpests.……比如：(克隆)能够抵御细菌或疾病的优选奶牛，种植能够抵抗枯病或虫害的克隆作物。(1)resist＋n./pron./doing 抵抗；反对；忍住做can't/couldn'tresistdoingsth. 禁不住做某事resistthetemptation 抵挡住诱惑(2)resistancen. 反抗，抵制，抵抗力(3)resistant(to)adj. 抵抗的；耐……的①Icanneverresistanicecream.我一见到冰淇淋就忍不住想吃。②Icouldn'tresisttelling(tell)himthesecret.我忍不住要把秘密告诉他。③Therehasbeenalotofresistance(resist)tothisnewlaw.反对这项新法律的人很多。④Ahealthydietcreatesabodyresistant(resist)todisease.健康饮食有助于增强身体对疾病的抵抗力。relyon依靠，依赖；信赖(教材P65)Buttorelyonafewclonedanimalsorcropswouldrestrictthebiodiversityofthebreed.但是，仅仅依赖少数几种克隆动植物会限制生物品种的多样性。relyon/upon＋eq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(n./pron.,n./sth.,todo,it＋that­clause))①Wemustrelyonourowneffortstogetoutofthetrouble.我们必须依靠自己的努力来摆脱困境。②Youmayrelyonitthathewilldoagoodjobofit.你放心好了，他会做好这件事的。③Theyrelyontheriverfortheirwater.他们的用水依赖于那条河。suspectn．嫌疑人v.怀疑(教材P65)Finally,thelatestresearchintoDNAhashelpedsolvecrimesbyanalysingthesuspect'ssalivawhichtheyspitatacrimesceneorthedirtundertheirfingernails.最后，在DNA的最新研究中，通过分析嫌疑犯在犯罪现场留下的唾液或手指甲下的污洉已帮助查明了许多犯罪行为。(1)suspectthat... 怀疑……suspect(be) 怀疑某人是……suspect(doing)sth. 怀疑某人(做过)某事(2)suspectadj. 可疑的；不可信的①Isuspectedhimtobe(be)aliar.我怀疑他是一个说谎者。②Thepolicesuspecthimoftakingpartinthejewelrobbery.警察怀疑他参与了珠宝盗窃案。accompanyv.陪伴，陪同；伴随……发生；补充；给……伴奏(教材P67)AccompaniedbyHammond'stwograndchildren,theyaresentonatourthroughJurassicParkincomputer­controlledcars.在哈蒙德的两个孙子的陪伴下，他们被送到电脑控制的轿车中进行环绕侏罗纪公园的旅行。accompany... 陪某人去某地(to为介词)beaccompaniedby 附有，伴随accompanyatthe＋乐器 用乐器为某人伴奏insb.'scompany＝inthecompanyofsb.＝incompanywithsb. 和某人在一起①Lightningisusuallyaccompaniedbythunder.雷声常常伴随着闪电而来。②Thesingerwasaccompanied(accompany)onthepianobyhereldersister.那位女歌手的姐姐为她用钢琴伴奏。③Sheaskedmetoaccompanyhertotheairport.她要求我陪她到机场去。absorbv．吸收；吸引……的注意；吞并；理解(教材P67)Infact,onlyfemalescanabsorbtheDNAofanothercreature.实际上，只有雌蚊子才能吸收另一种生物的DNA。(1)absorbone'sattention 吸引某人的注意力(2)absorbedadj. 全神贯注的，一心一意的beabsorbedin 全神贯注于，专心于(3)absorbingadj. 十分吸引人的①VitaminDisslowlyabsorbedbythebody.维生素D缓慢地被人体吸收。②Hepretendstobeabsorbedinlistening.他假装在专心听讲。[图形助记]吸收全神贯注arisev．(问题、困难等)发生，出现(常和from或outof连用)(教材P67)Manyquestionsalsoariseinthecloningofdinosaurs.在克隆恐龙的过程中也产生了许多问题。①Theproblemmaynotarise,butthere'snoharminkeepingourpowderdry.问题不一定会发生，但有备无患并无害处。②Inmodernsociety,thereareanincreasingnumberofproblemsarisingfromthelackofcommunication.在现代社会出现了越来越多由于缺乏交流而产生的问题。[明辨异同]arise/rise/raise/arouse原形过去式过去分词词性词义arisearosearisenvi.产生，出现riseroserisenvi.上升，起床raiseraisedraisedvt.提高，举起arousearousedarousedvt.唤起，激起arise/rise/raise/arouseWhenthewind，peoplewerewatchingthemthenationalflag;itwasslowlyinthewind,whichtheirfeelingoflovingtheirmotherland.【答案】arose；raising；rising；arousedⅠ.语境填词1．LilyistoLucy，soit'sdifficultformethem.(identify)2．Thefilmswouldbeseenastotheyoungbutwithoutmuchtoteenagers.(benefit)3．Theytookattitudestowardstheeducationofteenagersandtheiroftencausedthemagainsteachother.(contradict)4．Ithinkthatthecrophastothedisease，becauseitthediseaselastyear.(resist)【答案】；toidentify；benefit；contradictions；tocontradict；resistedⅡ.选词填空【导学号：38300036】bymistake，asfollows，(be)identicalto，relyon，treat...as...，asfarasweknow，breakdown1．Wemustourowneffortstogetoutofthetrouble.2．Yourlookyourdadwhenhewasyourage.3．Itookyourbaginsteadofmine．4．，he'llbeawayfor3months.5．Aftermanyyears,rockscanintodirt.【答案】onidenticaltomistake4．Asfarasweknowdown(教材P67)ThereasonwhyBraveNewWorldisstillsofamousisthatitdescribesaterrifyingfutureworldthatisbecomingmoreandmorepossible.《勇敢新世界》这本书现在仍然很出名，原因是它向我们展现了一个可怕的未来世界，并且这个世界越来越可能成为现实。【要点提炼】本句属于“Thereasonwhy...isthat...”句型，其中whyBraveNewWorldisstillsofamous是定语从句，why可用forwhich替换；第一个that引导表语从句，仅起连接作用，第二个that引导定语从句，先行词为aterrifyingfutureworld。(1)thereason作主语时，表语从句不能用because引导，而只能用that引导，且that不能省略。(2)先行词为reason时，若定语从句的主干成分完整，定语从句通常由why(＝forwhich)引导；若定语从句缺少主语或宾语，则定语从句用关系代词that或which引导。①Thereasonwhyhewasabsentfromthemeetingwasthathegotstuckinthetraffic.他缺席会议的原因是他遇到交通阻塞了。②Isthisthereasonthat/whichheexplainedatthemeetingforhiscarelessnessinhiswork?这就是他在会议上解释的工作中粗心的原因吗？单句改错Thisisthereasonwhyhesaidforhiscominglate.【答案】去掉why或why→that/which学业分层测评(十四)Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Shehastakenalotofdifferentmedicines,butnonehas(cure)thedisease.2．Thepolicehavenownarroweddowntheirlistof(suspect)．3．Herdressisalmost(identify)tomine.4．(accompany)byhermother，shewenttohospitalformedicalexamination.5．By(analyse)thepartsofthesentence,welearnmoreaboutEnglishgrammar.6．Thesituationintheworldtodayisvery(benefit)todevelopingcountries.7．Weoftenmeetwithadifficulty(arise)outofthepeculiarnaturalconditions.8．Thereasonhewasabsentfromthemeetingwasthathegotstuckinthetraffic.9．Thereisaladyatmyschooljobistohandoutcall­slips(索书单)andpreventstudentsfromleavingcampuswithoutpermission.10．struckmemostinthemoviewasthefather'sdeeploveforhisson.【答案】Ⅱ.完成句子1．他的帽子同我的一模一样。Hishatmine.2．我喜欢吃甜食，见到巧克力和冰淇淋就想吃。Ihaveasweettoothandchocolateandicecream.3．你可以信赖我对你的帮助。Youmayyou.4．你凭什么怀疑钱是她偷的？Whatmadeyouhavingtakenthemoney?5．那就是他提出问题的原因。Thatisheraisedthequestion.【答案】identicalto'tresisteating3．relyonmetohelpherofreasonwhyⅢ.阅读理解AI'msuremanyofyouhaveseenStarWars，JurassicPark，Multiplicity,ormanyoftheothermoviesthatdescribeofwhatyouseeinthesemoviesisyoudon'tknowisthatcloningcouldbedangerous，tothecloneandtooursocietyasa'simmoraltohaveahumanclone.Whataboutidentity?Humansarepromisedtherighttotheirownwouldhappenifweignorethoserightsbygivingthemsomeoneelse'sgeneticidentity?True,personalityisnotfixedingeneticfaultofthecloned.Also,thereisalargepowerstrugglemeansadegreeofpowerandcontroloveranotherperson'sphysicalidentityandthatignorestheirrightsandtheironlypersondoingthecloningwouldhavemorepowerthananyparentwouldhave.Cloningwouldalsodealwithkillingembryons(胚胎)．Youmightnothaveknown,butDolly,thesheepthatwasclonedin1996,wasoneofover200sheepembryosandherswastheonlyembryothatrestdiedorwerethrownifthefailureratewasthathighwhenwestartedtoclonethan200embryos,thestartof200humanbeings,woulddieforthesakeofjustoneembryothatwouldhavethesameDNAassomeoneelse.Cloningsomeone,atthispresenttime,wouldbeextremelydangeroustothebirthmotherandthestudiesdoneoncows，4outof12birthmothersisaveryhighfailurerate,whichisshowedinthecloningofifyouhadafewgoodembryos,failureshavebeennoticeableinanimaltests.So,shouldweworkaheadintheworldofcloning?Isayrisksaregreaterthanthe'sdangeroustothecloneandtothebirthwouldbekillinghumanlivesinthewouldalsobeaviolation(侵害)oftheclone'srighttoitsowngeneticidentityandpersonality.1．Accordingtothearticle,whatistheauthor'sopinionaboutidentity?A．Cloningitselfgivesparentsgreatpoweroveridentity.B．People'sidentityiscompletelydeterminedbytheirgenes.C．Governmentshavetherightstoconfirmpeople'sidentities.D．Cloningmaypreventpeoplefrompossessingtheiridentity.【解析】推理判断题。根据文章第二段中的“Humansarepromisedtherighttotheirownpersonality.”以及后面的内容判断。【答案】D2．FromParagraph4wecaninferthat．A．humancloningismuchmoredifficultthananimalcloningB．Dollyisthemostsuccessfuloneamong200sheepembryosC．cloningmeansrunningtheriskofwastingtoomucheffortD．numbersofbabyanimalsarelikelytobecreatedbycloning【解析】推理判断题。根据文章第四段中的“Therestdiedorwerethrownaway.”可知。【答案】C3．Whydoestheauthormentionsomemoviesinthefirstparagraph?A．Tointroducethetopicofthearticle.B．Topresenthisideaaboutthemovies.C．Tostatetheconclusionfirst.D．Tomakethearticleunusual.【解析】推理判断题。作者在文章的开头提到几部电影，目的是为了引出“克隆”这个话题。【答案】A4．Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardcloning?A．Heisinfavorofit.B．Heisagainstit.C．Hetakesitforgranted.D．Thepassagedoesn'tsay.【解析】观点态度题。根据最后一段中的“So，shouldweworkaheadintheworldofcloning？Isayno.”可知，作者持反对态度。【答案】BB【导学号：38300052】WhenEuropeansettlersarrivedinNorthAmerica,theybroughtEuropeandiseaseswith,hugenumbersofNativeAmericansbegandyingfromsmallpox(天花)­hundredyear­olddocumentsrecordthistale,butnowscientistssaythey'vefoundotherevidenceburieddeepinsidehumancells.Inanewstudy，BrendanO'FallonandLarsFehren­SchmitzreportevidencefoundingenesthattheNativeAmericanpopulationdroppedbyhalfafterthearrivalof'FallonstudiesgenesatARUPLaboratoriesinSaltLakeCity,whileFehrenSchmitzisascientistwhostudieshumankind,attheUniversityofGottingeninGermany.Cellsmakeupeverypartoftheinsidealmosteverycellisalong，coiledmolecule(盘绕颗粒)calledarepartsofDNAthatplayimportantrolesindeterminingone'shelpdetermineaperson'sappearance,suchasskincolorandheight,andalsoplayaroleinmanythingsyoucan'tsee,likethechanceofgettingadisease.Geneschangeovertime,andbyfollowingthesechangesscientistscanlearnaboutaperson's'FallonandFehren­Schmitzlookedatgenesinthemitochondriaofcells.(Mitochondriaarelikefactoriesthathelpcellsuseenergyfromfood.)ThescientistscomparedDNAfromtheremainsofancientNativeAmericanswithDNAfromlivingpeopledescended(遗传)fromNativeAmericans.Thescientistsstudiedpatternsinthegenesfromthetwogroupsandidentifiedwaysthatthepatternschangedoverstatistics,whichincludesusefulmathematicaltoolsforanalyzinglargeamountsofdata,theresearcherswereabletojudgethesizeoftheNativeAmericanpopulationbeforeandaftertheEuropeans'comparisonshowedthenumberofnativepeoplereducedsharplyafterEuropeansettlerslandedintheNewWorld.Earliergeneticstudiesdidn'thaveevidenceoftheNativeAmericandie­involvedinthenewstudysaythatthere'snowmoredatafromancientremains,soresearcherscangetabetterideaofwhathappened.【语篇解读】基因承载了人类遗传密码，是随时间的推移而不断变化的。通过对基因的分析和研究，人们可以解开很多秘密。5．WhenEuropeansettlersarrived,theybroughttoNorthAmerica.A．smallpoxdisease B．olddocumentsC．otherevidence D．anewstudy【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段“WhenEuropeansettlersarrivedin...dyingfromsmallpox(天花)infection”可知欧洲殖民者进入美洲时，也带去了传染病，所以A项正确。【答案】A6．GeneshelpdeterminemanythingsofapersonEXCEPT．A．aperson'sappearanceB．aperson'sskincolorC．aperson'sheightD．aperson'ssuccess【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段“Geneshelpdetermineaperson's...chanceofgettingadisease.”一句，可知基因可决定一个人的外表、肤色、身高，或得某种疾病的可能，而不是一个人的成功。所以D项正确。【答案】D7．Thescientistsgottheresultofthestudyby．A．followinggenes'changeovertimeB．studyinggenesofancientpeopleC．analyzinglargeamountsofdataD．findingoutgenesinthecells【解析】细节理解题。根据第五段“Usingstatistics，whichincludes...Europeans'arrival”可知通过分析对比数据，得出欧洲人到美洲前后美洲居民的数量，从而得出最后的结论。所以C项正确。【答案】C8．WhatcanbetheBESTtitleofthispassage?A．Scientistswo