中考英语复习之被动语态 学案

被动语态一、语态：英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化表现出来的。英语中有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。例如：ManypeoplespeakChinese.谓语：speak的动作是由主语manypeople来执行的。被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象。例如：Chineseisspokenbymanypeople.主语English是动词speak的承受者。二、被动语态的构成被动语态由“助动词be＋及物动词的过去分词”构成。人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的。现以do为例说明被动语态在各种时态中的构成。一般现在时：am／is／are＋done一般过去时：was／were＋done一般将来时：will／shallbe＋done现在进行时：am／is／arebeing＋done过去进行时：was/werebeing＋done现在完成时：have／hasbeen＋done过去完成时：hadbeen+done三、被动语态的考点主动变被动：朱彬互换位置，根据谓语动词的时态以及主语单复数，选择合适的be动词+done，后面加上by的短语被动后面动词的形式bedone+todo判断谓语动词的形式步骤：①看时间状语或者其他谓语动词的形式，判断时态②判断是主动还是被动（不及物动词只有主动）③看主语，判断谓语动词的单复数主动语态和被动语态的区分四、例题讲解1.Inthelastfewyears,China___greatachievementsinenvironmentalprotection.A.hasmadeB.hadmade C.wasmaking D.ismaking2..Despitethepreviousroundsoftalks,noagreement______sofarbythetwosides.A.hasbeenreached B.wasreachedC.willreach D.willhavereached3.—Dr.Jacksonisnotinhisofficeatthemoment.—Allright.I____himlater.A.willcallB.havecalledC.callDwillbecalling4..Janecan’tattendthemeetingat3o’clockthisafternoonbecauseshe______aclassatthattime.A.willteach B.wouldteach C.hastaught D.willbeteaching5.Tomydelight,I fromhundredsofapplicantstoattendtheopeningceremony.A.waschosen B.wasbeingchosenC.wouldchooseD.hadchosen6.MoreexpresswaysinSichuansoontopromotethelocaleconomy.A.arebeingbuilt B.willbebuilt C.havebeenbuilt D.hadbeenbuilt7.JustasIgottotheschoolgate,IrealisedI______mybankinthecafe.A.haveleft B.hadleft Cwouldleave D.wasleaving8.Iwasn'tabletohidemyeagernesswhenI________,"Whatdoyouwishmetodonow?"A.ask B.haveasked C.amasking D.asked9.That'swhyIhelpbrightenpeople'sdays.Ifyou________，who'stosaythatanotherpersonwill?A.didn't B.don'tC．weren't D．haven't10.Itisreportedthataspacestation______onthemooninyearstocome.A.willbebuilding B.willbebuilt C.hasbeenbuildingD.hasbeenbuilt五、练习（主动和被动）1.Thewaytheguests_______inthehotelinfluencedtheirevaluationoftheservice.A.treatedB.weretreatedC.wouldtreatD.wouldbetreated2.The24thWinterOlympicGames__________inChinain2022．（）A．hold B．isheld C．willbeheld D．willhold3.People_______muchplastic（塑料的）rubbishintotheseaandpollutedtheseaenvironment.Butnow，withthehelpofthegovernment，thingsbecomebetter.（）A．areusedtothrow B．areusedtothrowing C．usedtobethrown D．usedtothrow4.HarukiMurakami____tonsofgreatbooksinthepast20years.A.writes B.haswritten C.wrote D.waswriting5.Lastyear,anumberofdoctors____abroadtoprovidehelpinthecountriesthatwerehavingahardtimefightingagainsttheCovid-19.A.send B.sent C.aresent D.weresent6.I_______toyouassoonasIgetthere.A.willwrite B.wrote C.write D.havewritten7.AnotherbridgeovertheJialingRiver________lastyear.A．builds B．built C．isbuilt D．wasbuilt8.WhenIwasyoung,I________bymygrandparents.A．lookafter B．lookedafter C．amlookedafter D．waslookedafter9.Nextweek,eachstudentintheclass____asmal