高三英语二轮语法复习定语从句课件

定语从句一键解锁学会分析句子成分学会定语从句的关键主语宾语定语状语主语一句话中，行为的主导着，即该句话中，动作的执行者。常放于句首。宾语定语

状语主语行为的对象，即动作的承受者，常由名词或者代词担任。放在及物动词或者介词之后。用来说明或者限制名词的成分，常用形容词或者相当于形容词的短语或从句担任。这里指该句话中，动作所发生的时间或地点，即时间状语或地点状语TheteacherwithglassestaughtEnglishinthatschoollastterm.主语定语宾语地点状语时间状语1.Themanisaworker.2.Themanisspeakingatthemeeting.合并句子:

Themanwhoisspeakingatthemeetingisaworker.引入定语从句概念:在复合句中修饰名词或代词的句子.Maryisabeautiful

girl.Maryisagirlwhohaslonghair.形容词作定语句子作定语,修饰girl,叫做定语从句Maryisagirl.Maryhaslonghair.合并为一个句子Maryisagirlwhohaslonghair.先行词关系词定语从句Maryisagirlwho

haslonghair.关系代词关系副词that,who,whom,whose,whichWhere,when定语从句的结构关系词的作用：指代先行词，又在从句中充当相应的句子成分。

定语从句的用法:当先行词是物时,用that或which引导.Thesearethetreesthat/which

wereplantedlastyear.当先行词是人时,用who/that引导.Theman

who/that

Ivisitsdyesterdayismyuncle.

定语从句的用法:当先行词是地点时,用where引导.当先行词是时间时,用when引导.Thisistheschoolwhere

Iusedtostudy.

Winteristhetimeofyearwhenthedaysareshortandnightsarelong.注意：先行词虽然是地点或时间，但是当地点或时间在从句中充当主语，宾语或定语时，仍然用that/which.Thisistheroom

that/whichIlivedin.September18thisthedaythat/whichalltheChineseneverforget.宾语who,whom,whose,that用法区别.who

作定语从句的主语或宾语.Themanwho

isspeakingatthemeetingisaworker.Themanisaworker.Themanisspeakingatthemeeting.分解作主语Whom

作定语从句的宾语Thewomanwhom

theywantedtovisitisateacher.Thewomanisateacher.Theywantedtovisitthewoman.分解作宾语常可以省略whose

作定语从句主语的定语.即：先行词与定语从句的主语存在从属关系Iknowthegirlwhose

motherisateacher.分解Iknowthegirl.Thegirl’smotherisateacher.作定语that

可以作定语从句的主语和宾语.注意:

关系代词作动词宾语时可省略.Thewoman(that/whom)

theywantedtovisitisateacher.分解Thewoman

isateacher.

Theywanted

tovisit

thewoman下列情况只能用that1.当先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。

eg.TomisthecleverestboythatIhaveeverknown.2.当先行词是指物的不定代词时。如：all,anything,something,nothing,none,theone,everything,little,few,much,any。

eg.Hereissomething(that)Iwilltellyou.3．先行词被theonly，thevery，

thelast等修饰时。下列情况只能用thateg.

Thisistheonlynovelthatyouwanttoborrow．

4．先行词是或被all，no，some，any，little，much等修饰时。

eg.

I'vewrittendownallthethingsthattheteacherdoesn'tallowustodo．

5．先行词是人和物的名词时,用that,既不用which,也不用who。

eg.Hetoldus

manyinterestingthingsandpersons

thatwehadneverheard．下列情况只能用that6.主句的主语是疑问词who/which时,为了避免重复。eg.Whoisthegirlthatiscrying？

eg.Whichisthebikethatyoulost?下列情况只能用which1.介词前置时，不用that。即介词提在定语从句前。2.非限制性定语从句不用thateg.Thisistheroom

inwhichhelives.eg.The

necklace,

which

you

gave

me

as

a

present,

was

lost

yesterday.3.先行词为that时,避免重复，用which.eg.What’s

that

which

is

under

the

desk?

who与whom(先行词指人)1.在定语从句中作宾语，两者可互换，且可省略。Theteacher(who/whom)LiMingistalkingtoisTom'sfather.2.在定语从句中作主语时，只用who.3.在定语从句中作宾语，但是介词提在从句前时，只用whom.YesterdayIhelpedanoldmanwholosthisway.Pleasetellmefromwhomyouborrowedthebook.定语从句巧记法定语从句记结构，先行关系从在后。关系词，在中央，指代先行成分当。充当主宾或定状，关系代副看情况。先行词语若指物，that/which要记住。先行指人不指物，使用that或用who。若有介词从句前，whichwhom在中间。先行与主表从属，whose一词要记住。地点时间从作状，wherewhen来充当。从句作主或宾语，thatwhich要选取。使用that比较多，不妨对你说一说。不定代词或被限，使用that来判断。Exercise1.Ihaveafriend________likeslisteningtoclassicalmusic.who/thatwhich/thatwhose3.Theman______legbrokeinamatchusedtobeafootballplayer.2.YesterdayEmilywaswearingthenewdress__________Igaveher.4.Myparentsliveinahouse__________ismorethan100yearsold.5.Theboywith_______Johntalkedismybrother.which/thatwhom6.Kevinisreadingabook__________istoodifficultforhim.which/that7.Isthereanything________youwanttobuyinthetown.8.All______wecandoistostudyhard.9.Thefirstone_____standsupisalittleboy.thatthatthat句子翻译1.这就是救了那个孩子命的医生.Thisisthedoctorwhosavedtheboy’slife.2.正在跑步的那个人是我的叔叔.Thema