传送带与板块模型知识讲解

传送带与板块模型初一英语阅读理解(含答案)99854初一英语阅读理解(含答案)99854

/初一英语阅读理解(含答案)99854一．MrChenlivingnextdoortoushasahabit(习惯)ofdrinking.Thebestpresenttohim,ofcourse,iswine(酒).NowhiseldestsonbroughthimabottleofMaoTai.Hewasgladanddrankitup,thenwrote“105”onthecornerofthetrademark(商标)withapencil,meaninghehadalreadydrunk105bottlesofthefamouswine.Twodayslater,astrangercameandoffered(打算)topay5yuanfortheemptyMaoTaibottle.MrChenwaspleasedandsoldit.Severaldayslater,hissecondsonbroughthimanotherbottleofMaoTai.Whilehewasexaminingandenjoyingit,hesuddenlyfound“105”——theverymark(记号)onit.1.Thestoryismainlyabout.（）A.twosonsofChen’sB.thebestwineC.MrChen’shabitD.anemptybottleofMaoTai2.Thestorysellsusthatthestrangerwasamanwho（）A.collected(收集)emptybottlesB.producedfamouswineC.wasamakerofwineD.wasacheat3.MrChensoldhisemptyMaoTaibottlebecause.（）A.hehadalreadydrunktheMaoTaiupB.heknewhissecondsonwouldbringhimanotherC.thepriceofferedwashighenoughD.hehopedthebottlecouldbeusedagain4.Whenexaminingandenjoyingthewinesentbyhissecondson,MrChenfoundthat.（）A.thewinewasmixedwithwaterB.thewinewasniceC.thewinehadexceeded(超过)thetimelimit(限制)D.hissecondsonhadbeencheated(欺骗)5.Accordingtothestory,whoshouldlearnalesson?.（）A.ThestrangerB.MrChenandhissecondsonC.MrChen’seldestsonD.Noone二．TheFarmer,HisHorse,andHissonOncetherewasanoldfarmer,withahorsewhichwasalmostasoldashimself.Hesetoutonemorningwithhissontosellthehorsebeforeitdied.Fatherandsonwalked,becausethefarmerdidnotwantthehorsetobetootired.Theymettwomenontheroadwhosaid,"Whyareyouwalking,farmer?Youhaveahorse,It'salongwaytomarket(市场)."Thefarmerknowthatthiswastrue,soherodeonthehorse,whilehissonwalked.Thentheymettwooldwomen,"Whatareyoudoingupthere,farmer?Can'tyouseehowtiredboyis?"Sothefarmergotdown,andhissonrodeinstead.\$Next,threeoldmenstoppedthem,onesaid,"Whyareyouwalking,farmer?Getup,It'stoohotforanoldmanlikeyoutowalktoday,"Sothefarmergotupbehindhisson,andtheyrodeon.Sometimelater,ayoungwomanpassedthem,"Whyaren'tyouwalking?"sheasked,"Itisn'tfartothemarket.Giveyourpoorhorsearest."Sothefarmer,andhisson,gotdownonceagain.Itisafactthatyoucannotpleaseallthepeopleallthetime.1.Thefarmerwantedtosellthehorse____.A.beforeitwasdeadB.beforeitbecometootiredC.beforeitmarketwasoverD.beforeitwasasoldashewas2.Thetwomenontheroad____.A.askedhowfaritwastothemarketB.saidtheythoughtthehorselookedverytiredC.askedwhythefarmerwasnotridingonhishorseD.toldthefarmer'ssontogetoffthehorseandwalk3.Thetwooldwomensaiditwaswrongfor____.A.thefarmertoridesuchatiredhorseB.thefarmertoridewhilehisyoungsonwalkedC.theboytorideinsteadofhisfatherD.onlyonepersontoridesuchalongway4.Thefarmergotupbehindhissonbecause____.A.theoldmansaiditwastoohotforhimtowalkB.thethreeoldmenstoppedthemontheroadC.hedidnotknowwhyhewaswalkingD.hissoncouldnotridethehorsebyhimselfTheyoungwomanwasmostsorry____.fortheoldmanB.forthefarmer'syoungsonC.thatitwasnotfartothemarketD.forthehorse三．Iamagirl.MyEnglishnameisLinda.Iamelevenyearsold.Ihaveeightsubjectsatschool.TheyareChinese,math,English,P.E.,music,art,scienceandhistory.MyfavoritesubjectisChinese.Ithinkitisinteresting.IalsolikeEnglish.Butit'salittledifficultforme.IcanspeakonlyalittleEnglish.Historyisinteresting,too.Ilikeit.Mathisdifficult.MrWangisourmathteacher.Heisverystrict.I'musuallytiredafterhisclass.ButIworkhard.IthinkIcanstudyitwell.⒈Lindais______.A.11B.12C.13⒉Lindahas______subjectsatschool.A.sixB.sevenC.eight⒊Linda'sfavoritesubjectis______.A.ChineseB.EnglishC.math⒋LindathinksEnglishis______.A.difficultB.interestingC.alittledifficult⒌______isNOTtrue.A.LindacanspeakalittleEnglish.B.MrWangisLinda'shistoryteacher.C.Lindathinksshecanstudymathwell.

Fox(狐狸)andGrapes(葡萄)Ahungryfoxcametoavineyard(葡萄园)wherealotofripegrapes（熟透的葡萄）werehanging.Theywereonatrellis（葡萄架）,butsohighthathejumped(跳,jump的过去式)until(直到……）hewastired,thefoxcouldnotreachthem.Atlastheturnedaway,saying,“Anybodywhowantsthegrapescanhavethem.Theyareonlygreensour（酸）things,soIwillleavethemalone.”选择题:1.Whydidthefoxcometothevineyard？（）Hewantedtoeatsomeripegrapes.B.Hewasgoingtoplantsometreesunderthetrellis.C.Hewantedtowatertheripegrapes.D.Hewantedtohaveatalkwithanotherfox.Howwerethegrapesonthetrellis?()Theyweregreenahdsour.B.Theyweresweetanddelicious.C.Theyweresmallandgreen.D.Theydidn'tagreewiththefox.Inordertogetthefrapes,thefox()climbedupthetrellisB.pusheddownthetrellisC.didwhathecouldD.askedanotherfoxtohelphimThistextminlytellsus()A.nottowishforwhatyoucannothaveB.nottositonthebacksofthepeopleC.nottotillalieD.toknowourselvesWhydidn'tthefoxgetthegrapes?__________________________________________________五、TheFarmer,HisHorse,andHissonOncetherewasanoldfarmer,withahorsewhichwasalmostasoldashimself.Hesetoutonemorningwithhissontosellthehorsebeforeitdied.Fatherandsonwalked,becausethefarmerdidnotwantthehorsetobetootired.Theymettwomenontheroadwhosaid,"Whyareyouwalking,farmer?Youhaveahorse,It'salongwaytomarket(市场)."Thefarmerknowthatthiswastrue,soherodeonthehorse,whilehissonwalked.Thentheymettwooldwomen,"Whatareyoudoingupthere,farmer?Can'tyouseehowtiredboyis?"Sothefarmergotdown,andhissonrodeinstead.\$Next,threeoldmenstoppedthem,onesaid,"Whyareyouwalking,farmer?Getup,It'stoohotforanoldmanlikeyoutowalktoday,"Sothefarmergotupbehindhisson,andtheyrodeon回答人的补充2009-07-0918:28Sometimelater,ayoungwomanpassedthem,"Whyaren'tyouwalking?"sheasked,"Itisn'tfartothemarket.Giveyourpoorhorsearest."Sothefarmer,andhisson,gotdownonceagain.Itisafactthatyoucannotpleaseallthepeopleallthetime.Thefarmerwantedtosellthehorse____.beforeitwasdeadB.beforeitbecometootiredC.beforeitmarketwasoverD.beforeitwasasoldashewasThetwomenontheroad____.A.askedhowfaritwastothemarketB.saidtheythoughtthehorselookedverytiredC.askedwhythefarmerwasnotridingonhishorseD.toldthefarmer'ssontogetoffthehorseandwalkThetwooldwomensaiditwaswrongfor____.A.thefarmertoridesuchatiredhorseB.thefarmertoridewhilehisyoungsonwalkedC.theboytorideinsteadofhisfatherD.onlyonepersontoridesuchalongwayThefarmergotupbehindhissonbecause____.theoldmansaiditwastoohotforhimtowalkB.thethreeoldmenstoppedthemontheroadC.hedidnotknowwhyhewaswalkingD.hissoncouldnotridethehorsebyhimself六、Whenyouaskaperson,"WhatareyoudoingduringthisNationalDay?"heorshemayanswer,"Iamgoingtohaveatravel."Itsoundsthatpeopleareallinterestedintraveling.Why?Becausetravelhasmanyadvantages.First,travelcanwidenourknowledgeofgeography,andthecustoms,culturesandlifestylesofdifferentplacesandcountries.Second,wecanmakefriendsandpracticeaforeignlanguagethroughtraveling.Andtravelisthebestwaytohavefun.Wecanenjoyeatingdifferentfoodsandseeingbeautifulpiaces.根据短文内容，判断下列句子正误（T／F）OnlyonepersonwillgototravelduringNationDay.（）Peoplelovetotravelbecausetravelhaslotsofadvantages.（）Travelscanmakepeoplegetknowledgethattheycannotlearnfromschool.（）Peoplecanlearnaforeignlanguagethroughtraveling.（）(5)Inthispassage,weknowtravelcanmakeourlifemorebeautiful.（）

AttheBarber'sShop(理发店)Jackwenttoabarber'sshopandhadhishaircut,butwhenhecameout,hewasnothappywiththeresult(结果).WhenhisfriendBobsawhim,helaughedandsaid,"Whathashappenedtoyourhair,Jack?"Jacksaid,"Itriedanewbarber'sshoptoday,becauseIwasn'tquitesatisfiedwithmyoldone,butthisoneseemsevenworse."Bobagreed(同意)."Yes,Ithinkyou'reright,Jack.NowI'lltellyouwhattodowhenyougointoabarber'sshopnexttime:lookatallthebarber'shair,findoutwhosehairlooksworst,andthengostraighttohim.""WhyshallIgotohim?"Jackasked."Butthatwouldbefoolish!""Oh,no,itwouldn't,"answeredBob."Whocutthatman'shair?Justthinkit.Hecouldn'tcutithimself,couldhe?Anotherofthebarberscutit.Soyouknowhecan'tbetheworstbarber."WhenJackwentoutofthebarber'sshop,hewasnothappybecause____.nobodyhadcuthishairB.thebarberhadn'tcuthishairwellC.thebarberhadcuthishaircarefullyD.hewasnotsatisfiedwithhisoldbarber"Itriedanewbarber'sshoptoday."means____.thisbarber'sshopwasanewoneB.thiswastheonlybarber'sshopinthistownC.Jackoftenwenttothisbarber'sshopD.Jackhadnotbeentothisbarber'sshopbeforeAfterJackhadhishaircut,hethought____.A.thenewbarber'sshopwasthebestoneB.theoldbarber'sshopwasn'tsogoodasthenewoneC.thenewbarber'sshopwasworsethantheoldoneD.theoldbarber'sshopwastheworstoneBobtoldJacktofindoutwhichbarber'shairlookedtheworstandthengostraighttohim.Why?（）Becausehewascertainlythebestbarber.B.Becausehewasfreeallthetime.C.Becausehewastheworstbarber.D.Becausehewasn'ttheworstbarber.Fromthestoryweknowthat____.it'sfoolishtohaveone'shaircutatabarber'sshopB.barberscuteachother'shairC.barbersneverhavetheirhaircutD.abarberalwayscutshishairbyhimself

MrPerkin'sNewCarMrPerkinstoodatthebus-stopandwatchedthecarsgoby.ManyofthecarswerenewBeta400s,andmostofthemwereyellow.MrPerkinalwaysworethesameclothesasothermen,atethesamefoodasotherpeople,anddidthesamethingsafterwork,andattheendoftheweek,MrPerkindidnotliketobedifferent.Thefollowingweek,MrPerkinboughtanew,brightyellowBeta400s.Hewassatisfiedwithit,anddrovetoworkinittheverynextday.Hewasevenmoresatisfiedwithhisnewcar,whenhesawalltheotherBeta400s,infront,behind,andonbothsidesofhim.MrPerkinparked(停车)hiscarinabigcar-park(停车场)nearhisoffice,andwalkedtherestoftheway.Butwhenhecamebackatfiveo'clock,thereweresomanybrightyellowBeta400sinthecar-parkthathedidnotknowwhichcarwashis.Hetriedhiskeyinsomeofthecars,butpeoplepassingbygavehimalookhedidn'tlike.Sohestopped.PoorMrPerkinhadtowaitnearlytwohoursuntilhiswastheonlyyellowBeta400sinthecar-park.MrPerkinwantedanewyellowBeta400sbecause()thebusdidnotcome.B.helikednewclothes,foodandcars.C.helikedtodothesameasotherpeople.D.helikedtobedifferentfromothers.Hedrovetoworkinhisnewcar()theverynextday.B.thedayheboughtit.C.aweekheboughtin.D.onthedayhefirstwatchedthecarspassing.Hewassatisfiedwithhisnewcarbecause（）nooneelsehadayellowone.B.itwasthesameasothercarsallaroundhim.C.hewasinfrontofalltheothercars.D.othercarswerenotasbrightashis.4.Atfiveo'clockMrPerkin（）A.walkedhome.B.drovehiscaroutofthecar-park.C.camebacktothecar-park.D.didnotknowwhichwashiscar-park.5.Peoplegavehimalookbecause（）hehadanicenewcar.B.hecouldnotopenthedoorofhiscar.C.hewasinthewrongcar-park.D.hewastryingtoopenmorethanonecar.MrPerkinhadtowaituntil（）therewasonlyoneyellowBeta400sinthecar-park.B.therewasonlyonecarinthecar-park.C、therewerenobrightyellowcarsinthecar-park.D.therewasnooneabouttolookathim.九、OnceJamesThornhill,afamousEnglishpainter,wasaskedtopaintsomepicturesonthewallsoftheking'spalaceinEnglish.Thenworkersweresentforandabigplatform(平台)wasmade.Withthehelpofaworker,Thornhillstartedpaintingontheplatform.Theyworkedforawholeyearandatlastthepictureswereready.Thornhillwashappywhenhelookedatthepictures,fortheywerereallybeautiful.Helookedatthemforalongtime,andthentookonestepbackandlookedagain.Nowthepictureswereevenmorebeautiful.Hetookanotherstep,thenanother.Finallyhewasattheveryedge(边缘)oftheplatform,buthedidnotknowitbecausehewasthinkingofhispictures.Theworkersaweverything."WhatshouldIdo?"hethought."Thornhillisattheveryedgeoftheplatform.IfIcryout,hewilltakeanotherstep,falloffitandsurelybekilled."Sotheworkerquicklytooksomepaint(颜料)andthrewitatthepicture."Whatareyoudoing?"criedthepainter,runningquicklyforwardtohispictures.WhatwasThornhill?HewasanEnglish____.A.writerB.kingC.workerD.artist2.Whatwasheorderedtodo?Hewasorderedto____.A.paintapictureforthekingB.paintsomepicturesonthewallsoftheknig'spalaceC.havehispicturespaintedintheking'spalaceD.havehispicturespaintedonthewallsThestoryleadsustobelievethat（）theworkerhadtopayforthepicture.B.thepaintercouldnotforgave(原谅)theworker.C.theworkerwasreallysorryforwhathedid.D.thepainterthankedtheworkerforwhathedidwhenhegottoknowwhy.十、YourPassport(护照)Please!MrHillarrivesatLondonAirport,attheendofathreeweekholidayinFrance.Usuallyhewearsabeard(留胡须).Sinceithasbeenhotthere,hehastakenitoff(剃掉).Buthispassportphotoshowshimwithhisbeard.\$Anofficelooksatthephotoforamoment,andsays:"Willyouexcuseme?Pleasesitdown.Ishan'tkeepyoulong."Withthis,hewalksaway,showsthephototoasecondoffice,andsays:"Iknowthatface."ThesecondofficerlooksatthepassportandaskswhereMrHillhascomefrom.WhenhehearsthatMrHillhasarrivedbackfromParis,thesecondofficersmiledandsays:"AnEnglishmanwithabeardstoleapaintinginParisonFriday,Andthatmanlooksjustthekindofman..."SuddenlyitcomestothefirstofficerwhoMrHillis.Hereturnstohim,andasks:"DidyouteachattheNo.2.HighSchool?"WhenMrHillanswers,insurprise,thathedid,thefirstofficersmilesandsays:"Ithoughtso.I'mJackSmith.YoutaughtmeFrench.Youhaven'tchangedabit."MrHill____.A.hasjustcomebackfromtheairport.B.isonhiswaytoParis.C.spentthreeweeksinParisbeforehewenttoFrance.D.hasbeeninFranceforthreeweeks

MrHill____.hasabeardonhisfacebutnotinhisphotoB.grewabeardwhilehewasonholidayC.hasabeardinhisphotobutnotonhisfaceD.tookhisbeardofflongbeforehewentonholiday.Thefirstofficerissure____.MrHillstolethepaintingB.hehasseenthefaceinthephotobeforeC.heknowsthesecondofficer'sfaceD.amanwithoutabeardstolethepainting

4.Thesecondofficersaysthat____.MrHillstolethepaintingB.amanwithabeard,fromFrance,stoleapaintinginEnglishC.anEnglishmantookhisbeardoffandstoleapaintingD.amanwithabeard,fromEngland,stoleapaintinginParis.MrHilltaught____.A.JackSmithFrenchattheNo.2HighSchoolB.JackSmithtobeafirstofficerC.attheNo.2HighSchool,inFranceD.FrenchsomeyearsagoandhisnamewasSmith,notHill十一、Alongtimeagopeoplethoughtthatthesunwentroundtheearth.Insomecountriespeopleevensaidthatthesunwasagod(神).Theythoughtthegoddroveacrosstheskyeachdayonagoldenhorse.Nowweknowtheearthgoesroundthesun.Ittakestheearthayeartogoallwayroundthesun.Todaymenevenknowhowfaritisfortheearthtogoroundthesun.Theytellusthattheearthtravelsoverathousandmilesaminuteonitsjourneyroundthesun.Thesunisreallyastar.Itismuchbiggerthantheearthanditisveryhot.Somepeoplehavebeentothemoonbutweknowthatnoonecanevergotothesun.Itisfartoohotforpeopletoliveanywherenearit.Thesunisthreehundredthousandtimesheavierthantheearthandmorethanmilliontimeslarger.Alongtimeago,peoplesaidthesunwas____.agoldenhorseofgodB.agodonagoldenhorseC.agodwithgoldendressD.agodandagoldenhorse

2、Theearthtravelsover____milesanhour.A.1,000B.100,000C.6,000,000D.600,0003、Oneyearis____A.thetimefortheearthtoturnround.B.thetimetheearthtravelsonethousandmiles.C.onecircletheearthgoesroundthesun.D.thejourneyoftheearth.

十二、Mostpeoplewhoworkintheofficehaveaboss(老板).SodoI(我也是).Butmybossisalittleunusual.What'sunusualabouthim?It'sabigdog.Manymenhavedogs,butfewmenbringtheirdogstotheofficeeveryday.Myboss'sdog.Robinson,isbigandbrown.Mybossbringshimtoworkeveryday.Hetakesthedogtomeetingsandhetakesthedogtolunch.Whenthereistelephonecallformyboss,Ialwaysknowifheisintheoffice.Ionlylookunderhisdesk.IfIseesomethingbrownandhairy(毛绒绒的)underit,Iknowmybossissomewhereintheoffice.Ifthereisnodog,Iknowmybossisout.6.People_________bringdogstotheoffice.A.usuallyB.oftenC.seldom(几乎不)D.sometimes7.MybossisRobinson's________.A.bossB.masterC.ClassmateD.teacher8.Robinsongoestomeetings_________myboss.A.forB.withoutC.insteadof(代替)D.with9.Robinsonisalwaysunderthedeskifthebossis_________.A.intheofficeB.atmeetingsC.outoftheofficeD.outofwork10.Thepassagetellsustheboss_________thedogverymuch.A.lookslikeB.hates(恨)C.LikesD.trust(信任)

十三、CanYouTellMe?(你能告诉吗)Afatheraskshimson“HowmanylettersarethereintheAlphabet(字母表)?”“Idon'tknow,”sayshisson.Hisfathersays,“Youdon'tknow?Youareinschoolformanyyearsandyoudon'tknowhowmanylettersarethereintheAlphabet?”Heisveryangry(生气).Hissonsays,“No.Butletmeaskyouaquestion(问题),Dad.Youoftengotothepostoffice(邮局),pleasetellmehowmanylettersarethereinthepostoffice?”()1.Fromthestory,weknowthesonisgoodat(擅长)English.()2.Thesonstudiesatschoolover(超过)oneyear.()3.Thefathergetsangrybecausehissonisnotpolite(有礼貌)tohim.()4.Thefatherknowshowmanylettersthereareinthepostoffice.()5.Therearetwenty-sixlettersintheAlphabet.十四TooPolite(礼貌过头了)Therearemanypeopleinthebus.Somehaveseats,butsomehaveto(不得不)stand.Atabusstop,awomangetsonthebus.Anoldmanhearsthedoorandtries(试着)tostandup.“Oh,no,thankyou,”thewomanforces(强迫)himbacktotheseat.“Pleasedon'tdothat.Icanstand.”“But,madam(夫人),letme…,”saystheman.“Iaskyoutokeepyourseat(坐在你的座位上)，”thewomansays.Sheputs(放)herhandsontheoldman'sshoulder(肩膀).Butthemanstill(仍然)triestostandup,“Madam,willyoupleaseletme…?”“Oh,no,”saysthewoman.Sheagain(又)forcesthemanback.Atlast(最后)theoldmanshouts(大声喊),“Iwantstogetoff(下车)thebus!”()1.Allthepeoplehaveseatsinthebus.()2.Anoldmangetsonthebusatabusstop.()3.Theoldmanwantstogivehisseattohewoman.()4.Thewomansitstheoldman'sseat.()5.Theoldmanwantstogetoffthebus.十五、JimisanEnglishboy.HecomestoChinawithhisfatherandmother.Theycomeheretowork.Jimcomesheretostudy.HeisinNo.5MiddleSchool.Hegetsupearlyeveryday.Heisn’tlateforschool.Hestudieshard.HecanreadandwriteEnglishwell.HeoftenhelpsuswithourEnglish,andweoftenhelphimwithhisChinese.Afterclasshelikesplayingfootball,swimming,running,jumpingandriding.Hemakesmanyfriendshere.Wearegladtostaywithhim.OnSundayheoftenhelpshismothercleanthehouse,mendsomethingordotheshopping.HelikesChinesefoodverymuch.Helikeslivinghere.HelikesChinesestudentsverymuch.Wealllikehim,too.根据短文内容，判断以下句子的正误。对的在括号内填“T”,错的填“F”。(10分)()1.Hegetsuplateeveryday.()2.HeoftenteachesusEnglish.()3.Afterclass,helikessingingandplayingbasketball.()4.OnSundayheoftenhelpshismothercleanthehouse.()5.Hedoesn’tlikeChinesefood.十六、MrJonesandMrBrownworkinthesameoffice(办公室).OnedayMrJonessaystoMrBrown,“IwillhaveasmallpartyatourhouseonMondayevening.Wouldyouandyourwifeliketocome?”MrBrownsays,“Thankyouverymuch.I’dloveto,butletmeaskmywifefirst.”SoMrBrowngoestotheotherroomandtelephoneshiswife.Thenhecomesbackandlooksveryworried.“What’sthematter?”asksMrJones.“Isyouwifethereathome?”“No,”answersMrBrown.“Sheisn’tthere.Mysmallsonanswersthetelephone.Isaytohim,‘Isyourmotherthere,David?’andheanswers‘No,sheisn’tinthehouse.’‘Whereisshe?’Iask,‘Sheissomewhereoutside(在外面).’‘What’sshedoing?’‘Sheislookingforme.’”阅读短文，判断正误。正确的写“T”，错误的写“F”1．ThereisapartyatMrJones’shouseonMondayevening.（）2．MrJonesasksMrBrownandhiswifetogototheparty.（）3．ThetelephoneisinMrBrown’soffice.（）4．MrBrownspeakstoMrsBrownonthetelephone.（）5．MrsBrownislookingforherson.（）

十七、阅读短文，选择正确答案。

OneSundaymorningMrGreenandhischild,Bill,areinabigshop.MrGreenwantstobuyanewblouseforMrsGreen.Billlikesoranges,sohisfatherbuystwokilos(公斤)oforangesforhim,too.Billwantstobuysomepicture—booksandcolourpencils,too.Therearemanypeopleintheshop.Theyaremenandwomen,oldandyoung.Theyallwanttobuysomethingthere.6．MrGreengoestotheshopwith.（）A．MrsgreenB．hissonC．hisdaughterD．hisfather7．MrGreenwantstobuyanewblousefor.（）A．Bill’smotherB．BillC．hisfriendD．otherpeople8．Billlikes.（）A．allthethingsB．thenewblouseC．orangesD．orange9．Billwantstobuy.（）A,somepicture—booksB．somecolourpencilsC．clothesintheshopD．AandB10．Theshopis.（）A．emptyB．closeC．fullofchildrenD．fullofpeople

答案一、D.anemptybottleofMaoTai都是说关于茅台酒瓶子B.producedfamouswineB.heknewhissecondsonwouldbringhimanotherDA.Thestranger二、ACDAD三、ACACB四、ABCA5、Thetrelliswassohighthatthefoxcouldnotreachthem.五、ACDA六、1,f.因为文章开始的时候说“如果你问一个人国庆节期间你要做什么，他或她会说我打算去旅游”这里面的“我”是指代人群中。而不是一个人。2，t.3,t.4,按文章里说可以学习外语，而事实上在国内旅游大部分学不到外语。所以这个答案按文章说应该t.5，tBDCDB八、CABCDA九、DBA十、DCBDA十一、BAC十二、CBDAC解释（6.由日常生活的常识可知，很少有人带狗上班7.通读全文，我的BOSS是个人，也就是说是狗的主人8.with有“跟某人一起”的意思，例如：Igotoseeafilmwithmyparents.”10.通过整篇文章的阅读，可以判断除了C外，其他的选项都不符合原文的意思．）十三、(1)×(2)√(3)×(4)×(5)√十四、(1)×(2)×(3)×(4)×(5)√十五、FTFTF十六、1.T2.T3.F4.F5.T十七、6.B7.A8.C9.D10.D

学前儿童卫生学重点学前儿童卫生学重点

/学前儿童卫生学重点学前儿童卫生学重点绪言学前儿童卫生学是一门研究保护和增进学龄前儿童，特别是3-6岁儿童健康的一门学科。世界卫生组织对健康的定义是一个身体健康、心理健康和社会适应良好的人，才能被称得上是一个健康的人。学前儿童健康的标志：生长发育、死亡率、患病率。形态的指标有身高、体重、头围、胸围、臀围。影响学前儿童健康的因素有（1）环境因素其中包括自然因素和社会因素，自然因素中还包括化学因素、物理因素、生物因素。例如化学物质的摄入量、交通事故、病毒感染、政治体制等。（2）健康设施的易得性。例如妇幼机构、托幼机构的建立和它们提供的卫生健康服务。（3）生物因素，例如遗传和细胞、组织、器官和系统的机能以及在不同环境下机体各组成部分和整体的反应（4）生活方式，消极的生活方式会对学前儿童的健康产生消极的影响，例如晚睡会使第二天的精神不足。生理—心理—社会模式的提出人美国学者英格尔。学前儿童卫生学的研究方法：调查法、观察法、实验法、行动研究法、案例分析法。第一章8、遗传是指亲代的性状对子代的传递，使子代与亲代间在形态构造和生理功能特点上都很相似。9、遗传病是指生殖细胞或受精卵中的遗传物质在形态和功能上发生改变，从而使人所的疾病。10、遗传的物质基础（1）体细胞中的染色体（2）生殖细胞中的染色体（3）染色体—基因的载体11、遗传病的种类及病因（1）单基因遗传病，由于染色体上某一对等位基因发生异常。（2）多基因遗传病；有两对或两对以上基因发生异常，而引起的疾病。与环境有关（3）染色体遗传病；由于染色体的结构或数量异常而引起的疾病。第二章12、身体的生长是指细胞的繁殖、增大和细胞间质的增加，体现在全身各系统、器官、组织的大小、长短及重量的增加及形态变化，是量的变化。13、身体的发育是指身体各系统、各器官、各组织分化完整和功能上的成熟的状态，是质的变化。14、成熟是指生长发育到了比较完备的阶段，即个体在形态、生理等方面达到了成人的水平。15、运动系统的特点：骨组织不断的钙化；骨富有弹性，易变性；关节、韧带较为松弛；肌肉力量差，易疲劳。16、脊柱的特点出现生理性弯曲17、在学前儿童运动时避免从高处往硬的地面上跳下，防止髋骨不正常愈合，特别是女性，会影响生育。18、成人骨中有机盐与无机盐的比例为3:7儿童骨中有机盐与无机盐的比例为1:1.19、呼吸系统的组成由呼吸道和肺组成，具体包括鼻、咽、喉、气管、支气管和肺20、心血管系统由血管和心脏组成。心血管系统可以保证机体内环境相对恒定和新陈代谢的正常进行。21、血液中含血浆（运输）红细胞（氧气、二氧化碳的运输）、白细胞（免疫）血小板（止血）、骨髓(造血功能)※22、牙齿的特点：牙齿的结构及钙化程度不成熟；牙釉质和牙本质的致密度不高；牙齿咬面的窝沟比较多。23、肝脏具有调节身体的血糖浓度平衡。把从肠道吸收进血浆的的葡萄糖转化为肝糖原储存在肝内。※24、甲状腺分泌甲状腺素，甲状腺素可以调节新陈代谢，兴奋神经系统，促进骨的生长发育，对软骨骨化，牙齿生长，面部外形和身体比例的形成等多方面产生广泛作用。25、神经系统是生命活动的主要调节系统，机体中各系统、各器官、各组织在神经系统的统一调节和支配下协调完成各种生理活动。26、神经系统在全身各器官发育中处于领先的地位27、眼睛具有趋光功能，所以会出现生理性远视。28学前儿童生长发育的规律（1）儿童的生长发育具有连续性和阶段性（2）儿童的生长发育具有程序性。（3）儿童的生长发育具有不均衡性。（4）儿童的生长发育具有相互关联性。（5）儿童的发育具有具有个体差异性。第三章29、小儿四病包括：小儿营养性缺铁性贫血、缺维生素D缺乏性佝偻病、婴幼儿腹泻、婴幼儿肺炎30、营养性缺铁性贫血的病因（1）先天储铁不足（2）铁摄入量不足（3）疾病31、维生素D缺乏性佝偻病病因（1）日光照射不足（2）喂养不当（3）生长过速（4）疾病的影响32、常见的身体缺陷有脊柱弯曲异常、扁平足等33、传染病的特征（1）有病原体，每种传染病都有其特有的病原体（2）有传染性，病原体会由人或动物通过一定的途径，直接或间接传染给他人。（3）有免疫性，当机体感染了病原体后，机体会产生不同程度的免疫力。对同种传染病产生不感受性。（4）病程发展有一定规律性，一般有4个时期潜伏期、前驱期、明显发病期、恢复期。34、传染病发生和流行的三个基本环节（1）传染源（2）传播途径（3）易感人群35、传染病的预防（1）管理传染源（2）切断传播途径（3）保护易感人群36、预防接种又称人工免疫，就是把疫苗通过适当的途径接种到人体内，使人体产生对该传染病的抵抗力，从而达到预防传染病的目的。37、挑选几种对幼儿威胁比较大的传染病疫苗，在短时间内接种到幼儿体内，使幼儿的体内产生该传染病的免疫力，并为今后免疫打下基础，这种初次接种叫基础免疫38、在基础免疫后，机体会产生一定的免疫力，但免疫力会逐渐的下降，当下见到一定程度的时候，重复接种一次，就可以使免疫力再度提高，以巩固免疫的效果，这次复种叫做加强免疫。39、传染性肝炎的预防（1）讲究饮食卫生、个人卫生（2）做好日常消毒工作（3）医用的针头、针管要严格消毒或用一次性注射器（4）工作人员要定期做健康检查（5）对病人要早隔离、早治疗。第四章40、儿童动作发展的规律，与儿童身体发展的规律类似体现了自上而下，从中间到边沿，从粗到细等规律41、学前期是完整的口头语言发展的关键期，也是连贯性与言语逐步发展