高分辨率卫星遥感绪论课件

高分辨率卫星遥感-绪论内容概要高分辨率卫星遥感基本概念课程主要内容高分辨率卫星遥感介绍高分辨率卫星遥感应用1、高分辨率卫星遥感基本概念高分辨率卫星遥感基本概念高分辨率地面分辨率光谱分辨率辐射分辨率时间分辨率高分辨率卫星影像与中低分辨率卫星影像比较地面分辨率比较光谱分辨率比较辐射分辨率比较时间分辨率比较不同地面分辨率的比较(Source:Landsat7ScienceDataUsersHandbook)图象的光谱分辨率（SpectralResolution）SpectralreflectancecurvesSpectralsignatures辐射分辨率是指传感器接受波谱信号时，能分辨的最小辐射度差。在遥感图像上表现为每一像元的辐射量化级。某个波段遥感图像的总信息量与空间分辨率（以像元数n表示）、辐射分辨率（以灰度量化级D表示）有关。在多波段遥感中，遥感图像总信息量还取决于波段数k。辐射分辨率（RadiometricResolution）Referstothesensitivityofthesensortoincomingradiance.Howmuchchangeinradiancemusttherebeforeachangeinrecordedbrightnessvaluetakesplace.Thissensitivitytodifferentsignallevelswilldeterminethetotalnumberofvaluesthatcanbegeneratedbythesensor26=(0-63)6428=(0-255)256210=(0-1023)1024Examples:GOESImager–10bitLandsat7ETM+-8bitLandsat7ScienceDataUsersHandbook2、课程主要内容课程主要内容绪论（2学时）成像模型（2学时）几何校正模型（2学时）高分辨率卫星遥感影像预处理（融合、镶嵌、增强）（2学时）近似核线理论和立体模型（2学时）线阵CCD卫星影像立体匹配（2学时）卫星影像立体测图系统（2学时）信息提取技术（4学时）道路提取河流提取建筑物提取遥感影像数据管理（2学时）高分辨率卫星影像并行处理概论（2学时）高分辨率卫星影像应用介绍（2学时）考试方式实习报告–40%学习报告--40%考勤–20%主要期刊遥感学报遥感技术与应用中国图像图形学报遥感信息RemoteSensingofEnvironmentIEEETransactionsonGeoscienceandRemoteSensingPhotogrammetricEngineeringandRemoteSensingInternationalJournalofRemoteSensing网站资源--美国NASA遥感教学网站www.ccrs.nrcan.gc.ca/ccrs/learn/learn_e.html--加拿大遥感中心教学网站--中国遥感卫星地面接收站--satelliteImagingCorporation--北京视宝卫星图像有限公司--erdasIMAGINE图像处理软件--envi图像处理软件--er-mapper图像处理软件--idrisi图像处理软件www.pci.on.ca--pciGeomatics图像处理软件3、高分辨率卫星遥感系统介绍高分辨率卫星遥感系统介绍SPOT5IKONOSQUICKBIRDORBVIEW-3EO-11.陆地卫星系列--SPOT卫星86878889909192939495969798992000010203040506070809

SPOT5

SPOT4卫星运行服务中断发射日或重新开始服务日

SPOT1

SPOT2SPOT3

TheFrenchearthobservationsatellitesSPOT-1,2,3and4werelaunchedintoasun-synchronoussub-recurrentorbitatanaltitudeofabout822kmin1986,1990,1993and1998respectively.SPOTcanobservenotonlytheearth'ssurfacejustunderneaththesatellitebutalsoslantwisetothesatellite'spathbychangingthescandirectionofthesensors.Itcanshortenthetimeperiodforobservingaspecifiedarearepetitively.SPOT-1,-2and-3areequippedwithCCDsensorscalledHighResolutionVisibleImagingSystem(HRV).SPOT-4isequippedwithtwoCCDsensors,HRV'ssuccessor,HighResolutionVisibleandInfrared(HRVIR)andVegetation(VGT)*1.TheobservationbandsofHRVIRarebasicallysameasHRVandthenewlyaddedband4,shortwaveinfrared(SWIR:1.58to1.75mm).VGTobserveswideareawithaswathof2,250km.

OverviewObservationBandVisible:2bands

Near-infrared:1band

Panchromatic-Band:1bandSpatialResolutionMultispectoral-Band:20m

Panchromatic-Band:10mSwathWidthAbout60kmHRVIRScanningImage

Spot立体像对

轨道旁向倾斜，像对最短时间差为0.5小时自动相关生成DEM，高程精度为7-11米SPOT的倾斜观测功能重复观测能力单星：2－3天/次，多星：1天/次20°20°600KmmaxiHRS120Km立体成像装置HRSSpot-5基本产品10米多光谱5米全色2.5米全色+Spot-5增值产品10米多光谱5米PanSpot5同轨立体像对Spot5HRS立体像对生成的10米高程精度DEM2.陆地卫星系列IKONOSIKONOS:1米全色4米多光谱1米全色-锐化轨道:680km,太阳同步,98.2º倾斜IKONOS光谱波段红波段.63-.69microns(4m)近红外.76-.90microns(4m)蓝波段.45-.52microns(4m)绿波段.52-.60microns(4m)全色.45-.90微米的图像(1m）SinceitslaunchinSeptember1999,SpaceImaging'sIKONOSearthimagingsatellitehasprovidedareliablestreamofimagedatathathasbecomethestandardforcommercialhigh-resolutionsatellitedataproducts.TheIKONOSsatelliteistheworld'sfirstcommercialsatellite

tocollectblack-and-whiteimageswith1-meterresolutionandmultispectralimagerywith4-meterresolution.SensorCharacteristics

TheIKONOSsatelliteweighsabout1600pounds.ItorbitstheEarthevery98minutesatanaltitudeofapproximately680kilometersor423miles.IKONOSwaslaunchedintoasun-synchronousorbit,passingagivenlongitudeataboutthesamelocaltime(10:30A.M.)daily.IKONOScanproduce1-meterimageryofthesamegeographyevery3days.SpectralRange

1-meterblack-and-white(panchromatic)

0.45-0.90mm.4-metermultispectralBlue:0.45-0.52mm

Green:0.51-0.60mm

Red:0.63-0.70mm

NearIR:0.76-0.85mmOverviewof

IKONOSThisone-meterresolutionsatelliteimageofManhattan,NewYorkwascollectedat11:43a.m.EDTonSept.12,2001bySpaceImaging'sIKONOSsatellite.Theimageshowsanareaofwhitedustandsmokeatthelocationwherethe1,350-foottowersoftheWorldTradeCenteroncestood.SinceallaircraftweregroundedfollowingtheattackonAmericait'stheonlyhigh-resolution'viewfromabove'ofthefireanddestructionofthetwintowersThisone-meterresolution,colorsatelliteimageoftheLingshuimilitaryairfieldonthesoutheasterncoastofHainanIslandintheSouthChinaSea,wascollectedat10:32a.m.localtimeonApril10,2001bySpaceImaging'sIKONOSsatellite.AUSNavyplanemadeanemergencylandingthereafteramid-aircollisionwithaChinesefighter.Thenavyaircraftisclearlyvisibleandparkedonthetaxiwayadjacenttothenorthendoftherunway(northisup).3.陆地卫星系列--QuickBird埃及金字塔北京故宫4.OrbView-3

DevelopedbythenORBIMAGEnowGeoEye,launchedin2003

-4multispectralbands(B,G,R,IR)with4mresolution

-apanbandwith1mresolution

-8kmswath

-upto45oviewingangle/news/pressroom/hurricanemaps.html#hurmapsBiloxiCoast–BeforeHurricaneKatrina,April12,2005.BiloxiCoast–AfterHurricaneKatrina,August31,2005.HurricaneKatrinaAftermath,ORBIMAGE.ThebreakthroughoftheleveesinNewOrleans,alongSurekoteRoadandoppositetotheGalvezSt.Wharf. /InitialimagerycapturedduringthefirstpassofORBIMAGE’shighresolutionOrbview-3satelliteoverDowntownNewOrleansclearlyshowsbroadareafloodingandwaterencroachmentthroughoutbothcommercialandresidentialareas./CollectiondateforOV-2image3:08/29/05

/5.HyperspectralSatelliteSystems

EO-1

-242bands -0.36mm–2.6mm.sg/~research/tutorial/eo1.htm/miscPages/home.htmlPearlHarbor/miscPages/home.html4、高分辨率卫星遥感应用NASA的对地观测系统NASA的下一代对地观测任务Thesizeofacellwecallimageresolution,dependingon…Suchas1m,30m,1km,or4km遥感发展趋势高空间分辨率IKONOS1999年发射（4m多光谱和1m全色波段）QuickBird2001年发射（2.44m多光谱和1m全色波段）高光谱分辨率AVIRIS10nm、20m、