2023年大学英语四级段落汉译英常用词汇积累

2023年12月起大学英语四级考试翻译部分由本来的单句汉译英调整为段落汉译英，（查看翻译部分样题）内容涉及中国的历史、文化、经济、社会发展等。多元文化论culturalpluralism文化适应acculturation社会保障socialsecurity班车shuttlebus大龄青年singleyouthabovethenormalmatrimonialage独生子女theonlychildinafamily单亲singleparent福利彩票welfarelotteries家政服务householdmanagementservice民工migrantlaborers名人celebrity农村剩余劳动力surplusrurallabor/laborers青春期puberty全民健身运动nationwidefitnesscampaign全国人口普查nationwidecensus社会保险socialinsurance暂住证temporaryresidencepermit/card青少年犯罪juveniledelinquency性骚扰sexualharassment走私smuggling性别歧视gender/sexualdiscrimination年龄歧视agediscrimination工作歧视jobdiscrimination享乐主义hedonism文盲illiteracy贫富分化disparitybetweentherichandthepoor盗版pirated/illegalcopies一国两制OneCountry，TwoSystems三个代表theThreeRepresentsTheory两会（人大、政协）TwoConferences（NPCandCPPCC）南南合作South-SouthCooperation南北对话North-SouthDialogue人大常委会People’sCongressStandingCommittee法制观念awarenessoflaw法制国家acountrywithanadequatelegalsystem改革开放reformandopening-up公务员civilservants官僚主义作风thebureaucraticstyleofwork和谐并存harmoniouscoexistence计划生育familyplanning计划生育基本国策thebasicstatepolicyoffamilyplanning精神文明建设theconstructionofspiritualcivilization居委会neighborhoodcommittee科教兴国nationalrejuvenationthroughscienceandeducation可连续发展sustainabledevelopment廉洁高效honestyandhighefficiency两岸关系cross-straitsrelations两岸谈判cross-straitsnegotiations领土完整territorialintegrity民族精神nationalspirit普选制generalelectionsystem求同存异seekcommongroundwhileshelvingdifferences人大代表NPCmember物质文明和精神文明materialandspiritualcivilization小康社会awell-offsociety小康水平awell-offstandard一个中国原则theone-Chinaprinciple与时俱进keeppacewiththetimes综合国力overallnationalstrength共同愿望commondesire“走出去”（战略）goingglobal不结盟non-alignment单边主义unilateralism多边政策multilateralism多极世界multipolarworld人口老龄化agingofpopulation人口出生率birthrate社区月服务communityservice道德法庭courtofethic盗用公款embezzlement成人夜校nightschoolforadults在职进修班on-jobtrainingcourses政治思想教育politicalandideologicaleducation毕业生分酉己graduateplacement；assignmentofgraduate充电updateone’sknowledge初等教育elementaryeducation大学城collegetown大学社区collegecommunity高等教育highereducation高等教育“211工程”the“211Project”forhighereducation高等学府institutionofhighereducation综合性大学comprehensiveuniversity文科院校collegesof（liberal）arts理工科大学college/universityofscienceandengineering师范学院teachers’college；normalcollege高分低能highscoresandlowabilities高考（university/college）entranceexamination高校扩招thecollegeexpansionplan教育界educationcircle教育投入inputineducation九年义务教育nine-yearcompulsoryeducation考研taketheentranceexamsforpostgraduateschools课外活动extracurricularactivities必修课required/compulsorycourse选修课elective/optionalcourse基础课basiccourses专业课specializedcourses课程表schoolschedule教学大纲teachingprogram；syllabus学习年限periodofschooling学历recordofformalschooling学分credit启发式教学heuristicteaching人才交流talentexchange人才战competitionfortalentedpeople商务英语证书BusinessEnglishCertificate（BEC）适龄儿重入学率enrollmentrateforchildrenofschoolage升学率proportionofstudentsenteringschoolsofahighergrade；enrollmentrate硕博连读acontinuousacademicprojectthatinvolvespostgraduateanddoctoralstudy素质教育quality-orientededucation填鸭式教学crammingmethodofteaching希望工程ProjectHope走读生extern；non-residentstudent住宿生boarder研究生graduatestudent；post-graduate（student）应届毕业生graduatingstudent；currentyear’sgraduate校园数字化campusdigitalization校园文化campusculture学汉语热enthusiasminlearningChinese学历教育educationwithrecordofformalschooling学龄儿重school-ager学前教育preschooleducation学生减负alleviatetheburdenonstudents应试教育exam-orientededucation职业道德workethics；professionalethics记者招待会pressconference国家教委StateEducationCommission国家记录局StateStatisticalBureau职业培训jobtraining职业文盲functionalilliterate智力引进recruit/introduce（foreign）talents智商intelligencequotient（IQ）助学行动activitytoassisttheimpoverishedstudents网络世界cyberworld网络文化cyberculture网络犯罪cybercrime网上购物onlineshopping高产优质highyieldandhighquality高科技园high-techpark工业园区industrialpark火炬计划TorchProgram（aplantodevelopnewandhightechnology）信息港infoport信息革命informationrevolution电子货币e-currency人工智能artificialintelligence（AI）生物技术bio-technology克隆cloning基因工程geneticengineering转基因食品geneticallymodifiedfood（GMfood）试管婴儿test-tubebaby基因哭变geneticmutation网络出版e-publishing三维电影three-dimensionalmovie光谷opticalvalley虚拟银行virtualbank信息化informationization信息高速公路informationsuperhighway新兴学科newbranchofscience；emergingdiscipline纳米nanometer个人数字助理personaldigitalassistant（PDA）生态农业environment-friendlyagriculture技术密集产品technology-intensiveproduct数码科技digitaltechnology同步卫星geostationarysatellite神舟五号载人飞船mannedspacecraftShenzhouV风云二号气象卫星FengyunIImeteorologicalsatellite登月舱lunarmodule多任务小卫星smallmulti-missionsatellite（SMMS）多媒体短信服务MultimediaMessagingService（MMS）电子商务e-business；e-commerce电子管理e-management办公自动化OfficeAutomation（OA）信息高地informationhighland信息检索informationretrieval电话会议teleconference无土栽培soillesscultivation超级杂交水稻super-hybridrice科技发展scientificandtechnologicaladvancement重点项目keyproject国家重点工程nationalkeyprojects南水北调South-to-Northwaterdiversion西电东送West-Eastelectricitytransmissionproject西气东输West-Eastnaturalgastransmissionproject网络造谣fabricatingonlinerumors恶意侵害别人名誉maliciouslyharmingthereputationofothers停止服务closure/shutdownofservice公司歇业closureofbusiness道路封闭roadclosure人为操作差错man-madeoperationalmistakes生态系统ecosystem森林生态系统forestecosystem海洋生态系统marineecosystem垄断价格tomonopolizetheprice垄断市场tomonopolize/forestall/captive/cornerthemarket限购私用汽车tocurbthepurchaseofvehiclesforprivateuse汽车限购vehiclepurchaserestrictions汽车购买配额vehiclepurchasequotas车牌摇号alotteryforlicenseplates牌照单双号限行odd-evenlicenseplatesystem黑名单制度ablacklistsystem执业医师practicingphysician；licenseddoctors二代身份证2nd-generationIDcards防伪技术anti-forgerytechnology非法交易illegaltransaction冒名顶替identificationfraud洗钱moneylaundering挂失toreporttheloss补办tore-apply/post-register户籍householdregistration居住证residencepermit山洪暴发flashfloods水位waterlevel低洼地区low-lyingareas淹没农田toinundatecrops大桥坍塌bridgecollapse最严重受灾地区worst-hit/worst-strickenarea直接经济损失directeconomicloss应急系统emergencyresponsesystem闯红灯runningredlight遮挡、污损号牌blockingordefacinglicenseplates扣分处罚pointpenalty酒驾drunkdriving终身禁驾lifetimebanfromdriving用流利英文介绍中国传统元宵节：LanternFestival

2.刺绣：embroidery

3.重阳节：Double-NinthFestival

4.清明节：Tombsweepingday

5.剪纸：PaperCutting

6.书法：Calligraphy

7.对联：(SpringFestival)Couplets

8.象形文字：Pictograms/PictographicCharacters

9.人才流动：BrainDrain/BrainFlow

10.四合院：Siheyuan/Quadrangle

11.战国：WarringStates

12.风水：Fengshui/GeomanticOmen

13.铁饭碗：IronBowl

14.函授部：TheCorrespondenceDepartment

15.集体舞：GroupDance

16.黄土高原：LoessPlateau

17.红白喜事：WeddingsandFunerals

18.中秋节：Mid-AutumnDay

19.结婚证：MarriageCertificate

20.儒家文化：ConfucianCulture

21.附属学校：Affiliatedschool

22.古装片：CostumeDrama

23.武打片：ChineseSwordplayMovie

24.元宵：Tangyuan/SweetRiceDumpling(Soup)

25.一国两制：OneCountry,TwoSystems

26.火锅：HotPot

27.四人帮：GangofFour

28.《诗经》：TheBookofSongs

29.素质教育：Essential-qualities-orientedEducation

30.《史记》：HistoricalRecords/RecordsoftheGrandHistorian

31.大跃进：GreatLeapForward(Movement)

32.《西游记》：TheJourneytotheWest

33.除夕：ChineseNewYear’sEve/EveoftheSpringFestival

34.针灸：Acupuncture

35.唐三彩：Tri-colorPotteryoftheTangDynasty/TheTangTri-coloredpottery

36.中国特色的社会主义：Chinese-characteredSocialist/SocialistwithChinesecharacteristics

37.偏旁：radical

38.孟子：Mencius

39.亭/阁：Pavilion/Attic

40.大中型国有公司：LargeandMedium-sizedState-ownedEnterprises

41.火药：gunpowder

42.农历：LunarCalendar

43.印/玺：Seal/Stamp

44.物质精神文明建设：TheConstructionofMaterialCivilizationandSpiritualCivilization

45.京剧：BeijingOpera/PekingOpera

46.秦腔：CryingofQinPeople/QinOpera

47.太极拳：TaiChi

48.独生子女证：TheCertificateofOne-child

49.天坛：AltarofHeaveninBeijing

50.小吃摊：SnackBar/SnackStand

51.红双喜：DoubleHappiness

52.政治辅导员：PoliticalCounselor/SchoolCounselor

53.春卷：SpringRoll(s)

54.莲藕：LotusRoot

55.追星族：StarStruck

56.故宫博物院：ThePalaceMuseum

57.相声：Cross-talk/ComicDialogue

58.下岗：Layoff/Laidoff

59.北京烤鸭：BeijingRoastDuck

60.高等自学考试：Self-taughtExaminationofHigherEducation

61.烟花爆竹：fireworksandfirecracker

62.敦煌莫高窟：MogaoCaves

63.电视小品：TVSketch/TVSkit

64.香港澳门同胞：CompatriotsfromHongKongandMacao

65.文化大革命：CulturalRevolution

66.长江中下游地区：TheMid-lowReachesofYangtzeRiver

67.门当户对：PerfectMatch/ExactMatch

68.《水浒》：WaterMargin/OutlawsoftheMarsh

69.中外合资公司：JointVentures

70.文房四宝（笔墨纸砚）："TheFourTreasureoftheStudy""Brush,Inkstick,Paper,andInkstone"

71.兵马俑：cottaWarriors/TerracottaArmy

72.旗袍：cheongsam京剧Pekingopera秦腔Qinopera功夫Kungfu太极TaiChi口技ventriloquism木偶戏puppetshow皮影戏shadowplay折子戏operahighlights杂技acrobatics相声wittydialoguecomedy刺绣embroidery苏绣Suzhouembroidery泥人clayfigure书法calligraphy中国画traditionalChinesepainting水墨画Chinesebrushpainting中国结Chineseknot中国古代四大发明thefourgreatinventionsofancientChina火药gunpowder印刷术printing造纸术paper－making指南针thecompass青铜器bronzeware瓷器porcelain；china唐三彩tri－colorglazedpotteryoftheTangDynasty景泰蓝cloisonne秋千swing武术martialarts儒家思想Confucianism儒家文化Confucianculture道教Taoism墨家Mohism法家Legalism佛教Buddhism孔子Confucius孟子Mencius老子LaoTzu庄子ChuangTzu墨子MoTzu孙子SunTzu象形文字pictographiccharacters文房四宝（笔墨纸观）theFourTreasuresoftheStudy（brush，inkstick，paper，andinkstone）《大学》TheGreatLearning《中庸》TheDoctrineoftheMean《论语》TheAnalectsofConfucius《孟子》TheMencius《孙子兵法》TheArtofWar《三国演义》ThreeKingdoms《西游爷己》JourneytotheWest《红楼梦》DreamoftheRedMansions《水浒传》HeroesoftheMarshes《山海经》TheClassicofMountainsandRivers《资治通鉴》HistoryasaMirror《春秋》TheSpringandAutumnAnnals《史记》HistoricalRecords《诗经》TheBookofSongs《易经》TheIChing；TheBookofChanges《礼记》TheBookofRites《三字经》Three－characterScriptures八股文eight－partessay五言绝句five－characterquatrain七言律诗seven－characteroctave旗袍cheongsam中山装Chinesetunicsuit唐装Tangsuit风水Fengshui；geomanticomen阳历Solarcalendar阴历Lunarcalendar闰年leapyear十二生肖zodiac春节theSpringFestival元宵节theLanternFestival清明节theTomb－sweepingDay端午节theDragon－boatFestival中秋节theMid－autumnDay重阳节theDouble－ninthDay七夕节theDouble－seventhDay春联springcouplets庙会templefair爆竹firecracker年画（traditional）NewYearpictures压岁钱NewYeargift－money舞龙dragondance元宵sweetstickyricedumplings花灯festivallantern灯谜lanternriddle舞狮liondance踩高跷stiltwalking赛龙舟dragonboatrace胡同hutong山东菜Shandongcuisine川菜Sichuancuisine粤菜Cantoncuisine扬州菜Yangzhoucuisine月饼mooncake年糕ricecake油条deep－frieddoughsticks豆浆soybeanmilk馒头steamedbuns花卷steamedtwistedrolls包子steamedstuffedbuns北京烤鸭Beijingroastduck拉面hand－stretchednoodles馄饨wonton（dumplingsinsoup）豆腐tofu?beancurd麻花frieddoughtwist烧饼clayovenrolls皮蛋100－yearegg；centuryegg蛋炒饭friedricewithegg糖葫芦tomatoesonsticks火锅hotpot长城theGreatWallofChina烽火台beacontower秦士台皇陵theMausoleumofEmperorQinshihuang兵马俑TerracottaWarriorsandHorses大雁塔BigWildGoosePagoda丝绸之路theSilkRoad敦煌莫高窟MogaoGrottoes华清池HuaqingHotSprings五台山"WutaiMountain九华山JiuhuaMountain蛾眉山MountEmei泰山MountTai黄山MountHuangshan；theYellowMountain故宫theImperialPalace天坛theTempleofHeaven午门MeridianGate大运河GrandCanal护城河theMoat回音壁EchoWall居庸关JuyongguanPass九龙壁theNineDragonWall黄帝陵theMausoleumofEmperorHuangdi十三陵theMingTombs苏州园林Suzhougardens西湖WestLake九寨沟JiuzhaigouValley日月潭SunMoonLake布达拉宫PotalaPalace鼓楼drumtower四合院quadrangle；courtyardcomplex孔庙ConfuciusTemple乐山大佛LeshanGiantBuddha十八罗汉theEighteenDisciplesoftheBuddha喇嘛Lama转世灵重reincarnatedsoulboy中药traditionalChinesemedicine《黄帝内经》EmperorHuangdi，sCanonofTraditionalChineseMedicine《神农本草经》Shennong，sHerbalClassic《本草纲目》CompendiumofMateriaMedica针灸acupuncture推拿medicalmassage切脉