玉米英语讲稿

EffectofwaterstressonmaizeAbstract:Waterstressisoneofthemainrestrictingfactorsformaizeproduction,[1]Waterstressonvariousphysiologicalprocessesofmaizehaveacertaininfluence,includingphotosynthesis,respiration,nitrogenmetabolismandgrowth.0Inaddition,theinfluenceofdifferentmoisturecontentofcornleafarea,stemdiameter,root-shootratioandothergrowthindicators,[2]Thusaffectingtheyieldofmaize.Theresultofmaizeexperimentwithwaterstressindifferentgrowingstageshowedthatsoildroughtstressinmanygrowingstagecouldleadtoyielddecreasing.Underwateraffectofseedingstageisfaintishcomparatively,[3]Keywords:Maize;Waterstress;YieldMaizeasthe3rdlargestfoodcropsinChina,occupiesanimportantpositioninthenationaleconomy.Maizeproductionlossescausedbynaturaldisastersinotheragriculturalproductioninthefirstplace,[4]Andthewaterstressisthemostimportantfactorinmaizeproductionconstraints.Therefore,thestudyofwaterontheyieldofcornisveryimportant.1、WaterstressonphysiologicalprocessesofmaizeTherelationshipbetweenphotosynthesisandwaterpotentialofmaizeisveryclose.Waterdeficitofmaizeleafgreenproteindegradation,destructionofchlorophyll,reducingtheabsorptionoflightenergy.Atthesametime,chlorophyllproteiniscomposedofmembranecomposition,leafgreenproteindegradation,thestructureofthemembranedamage,thusaffectingtheelectrontransport,inhibitionofphotosyntheticphosphorylation,sothatthedrivingforceforCO2assimilationandNDPH2ATPproductiondecreased.Photosynthesisisinhibited,productiondecline.AccordingtoBoyer.JS(1970)Study:Whenleafwaterpotentialbelow-0.3Mpa,therapidincreaseinrespirationofmaize;whentheleafwaterpotentialbelow-0.7Mpa,thedecreaseinwatercontent,respirationrateanddecrease.SeriouswatershortageP\Ovaluesdecreasedoxidativephosphorylationcouplingresolve,respirationwasinhibited.Thewaterstressonnitrogenmetabolismistheprocessofproteinsynthesisweakened;growthanddevelopmentprocessofcelldivisionandthesquadronhaveasignificantincreaseofinhibition.4n4n嗨史健IH-[4],2008年2、WaterstressinfluencemaizeplantgrowthindexDryconditions,cornstemdiameterwassignificantlythicker.

[2],44页，2009年Waterstressproducehighspecificleafweight,severewaterstressisareareductionandevenleavestodie.Occurwaterstress,maizecanbehairyleavesreducedbyleafarea,inordertoenhancewaterdiffusionresistance,andmakeacceptingsunshineofleafareadecline.Inaddition,occurredinwaterstress,carbohydratemoreassignedtotheroot,increasetheroot-shootratio,reducethegroundphotosynthesisproductionaccumulation.3、Waterstressindifferentgrowthstagesofmaizeinfluence正常供水（CK）苗期胁迫（MH）拔节期胁迫（BH）抽雄吐丝期胁迫（TH）常量（g\生物产量（g\常量（g\生物产量（g\常量（g\生物产量（g\常量（g\生物产量（g\名称株）株）株）株）株）株）株）株）农大108172.55357.68155.75316.57155.22327.96115.85283.93京科308174.82335.87168.85312.52174.89345.04151.56299.46吉单261187.64342.55172.54329.52132.64270.6189.04228.66中单808198.67366.88177.39337.00187.98353.63119.25275.46丹玉39212.61409.54191.16379.73176.72350.06114.30273.79郑单958222.67367.11175.07287.92178.20292.85104.27204.97平均值194.83363.27173.46327.21167.61323.36115.71261.04[3],99页，2009年Maizeyieldresultsshowthatdifferentchildbearingperiodofwaterstresswhichcanleadtocorngrainyielddecreased,nosignificantdifferencebetweenvarieties,significantdifferencebetweentreatment.Tasselinginsilkingstagewaterstressreductionisthemostserious,jointingstagenext,seedlingcuttheminimum,withcontrastdifferencessignificantyieldandinsilkingstage,tasselingofphotographiccomparativedifferencesextremelysignificant.Waterstressalsoenablemaizebiologicalyielddecreased,tasselinginsilkingstagethegreatestreduction,nextisjointingstage,seedlingminimum.Experiencedifferentgrowthstagesofcornwaterstresswillundoubtedlyleadtoplantdwarf,growthdelay,deteriorationofearcharacteristics,sothatbiologicalandeconomicyielddroppedsignificantlyandsotheimpactofmaizeunderwaterstresslevel,becauseofdroughtseverity,duration,andbirthprocessThedifferencesvary,themoreseveredrought,thelongertheduration,isaffectedbythemoreeven.References《春玉米不同品种抗旱性及水分利用效率研究》（程明、周继华、王克武、张娜）（《玉米雨养旱作科技示范工程论文集》（79页，2009年）赵久然宋慧欣杨国航编）《模拟不同降水年型对玉米生长和水分利用的影响》（周继华、王克武、张娜）（《玉米雨养旱作科技示范工程论文集》（41页，2009年）赵久然宋慧欣杨国航编）《EffectofWaterStressonMaizeYieldDuringDifferentGrowingStages》（BAIXiang-li1,SUNShi-xian2,YANGGuo-hang3,LIUMing1,ZHANGZhen-ping1,QIHua1）（《玉米雨养旱作科技示范工程论文集》（97页，2009年）赵久然宋慧欣杨国航编）《ResponseofDifferentMaizeVarietiestoDroughtStres》（2008年）（HANMiaomiao,ZHANGRenhe,ZHUYongbo,BULingduo,XUEJiquan）《玉米生育和产量模型》（166页一168页，1997年）（佟屏亚程延年著）《Effectsofsoilwaterstressonmorphologicaldevelopm