2018江苏高考英语试题及答案doc

2018年一般高等学校招生全国一致考试（江苏卷）英语试题注意事项：1.答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考据号填写在试题卷和答题卡上，并将准考据号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定地点。用2B铅笔将答题卡上试卷种类A后的方框涂黑。2.选择题的作答：每题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，写在试题卷、底稿纸和答题卡上的非答题地区均无效。3.非选择题的作答：用署名笔挺接答在答题卡上对应的答题地区内。写在试题卷、底稿纸和答题卡上的非答题地区均无效。做题时，先将答案标在试卷上，录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。5小题；每题1分，满分5分）第一节5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、、C10秒钟的时间往返答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段有例：Howmuchistheshirt.z.x.xk?A.?19.15.B.?9.18.C.?9.15.答案是C。1.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofthemovie?A.It’samusing.B.It’sexciting.C.It’sdisappointing.2.HowwillSusanspendmostofhertimeinFrance?A.Travelingaround.B.Studyingataschool.C.Lookingafterheraunt.3.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Goingout.B.Orderingdrinks.1/C.Preparingforaparty.4.Wherearethespeakers?A.Inaclassroom.B.Inalibrary.a5.Whatisthemangoingtodo?A.GoontheInternet.B.Makeaphonecall.115分）5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的a15小题；每题第二节A、、C三个5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段资料，回答第6、76.Whatisthewomanlookingfor?A.Aninformationoffice.7.WhatistheTownGuideaccordingtotheman?A.Abrochure.B.Anewspaper.C.Amap.B.Itoffersmanytastydishes.C.It’sfamousforitsseafood.9.Whatwillthewomanprobablyorder?B.Roastchicken.8段资料，回答第10至12题。10.WherewillMr.Whitebeat11o’clock?A.Attheoffice.B.Attheairport.11.WhatwillMr.Whiteprobablydoatoneintheafternoon?A.Receliveaguest.B.Haveameeting.C.Readareport.12.WhenwillMissWilsonseeMr.White?A.Atlunchtime.B.Lateintheafternoon.C.Thenextmorning.2/听第9段资料，回答第13至16题。13.WhyisBillgoingtoGermany?14.WhatdidthewomandislikeaboutGermany?15.WhatdoesBillhopetodoabouthisfamily?A.BringthemtoGermany.16.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Fellow-travelers.B.Colleagues.题。C.Classmates.C.Ayearago.10段资料，回答第17至2017.WhendiditrainlasttimeinJuA.Threedaysago.á18.WhatseasonisitnowinJuáA.Spring.B.SummerC.Autumn.19.Whataretheelderlyadvisedtodo?A.Takeawalkintheafternoon.B.Keeptheirhomescool.C.Drinkplentyofwater.20.Whatisthespeakerdoing?A.Hostingaradioprogram.B.Conductingaseminar.C.Forecastingtheweather.35分）第一节：单项填空（共15小题；每题1分，满分15分）题卡大将该项涂黑。A、CD3/aA.howeverB.whateverC.whichever答案是B。21.ManyChinesebrands,__________theirreputationsovercenturies,arefacingnewchallengesfromthemodernmarket.B.beingdevelopedC.developedD.developing23.Located_________theBeltmeetstheRoad,JiangsuwillcontributemoretotheBeltandRoadconstruction.A.whyB.whenC.whichD.where24.ThepublicationofGreatExpectations,which_________bothwidelyreviewedandhighlypraised,strengthenedDickensstatusasaleadingnovelist.,A.is25.WorkingwiththemedicalteaminAfricahas_________thebestinherasadoctor.A.heldoutB.broughtoutC.pickedoutB.areC.wasD.wereD.givenout26.Wechoosethishotelbecausethepriceforanighthereisdownto$20,halfof_________itusedtocharge.A.thatB.whichC.whatD.how27.Hehurriedhome,neveroncelookingbacktoseeifhe_________.A.wasbeingfollowedC.hadbeenfollowed28.In1963theUNworldwidestarvation.A.whichFoodProgramme,oneof_____purposesistoC.whose29.nlyfiveyearsafterSteveJobs’death,smart-phonesdefeated_________PCsinsales.OA.controversialC.confidentialB.contradictoryD.conventional30.Aquickreviewofsuccessesandfailuresattheendofyearwillahead.help_________youryear4/B.switchC.stretch’’qualifiedtC.doesn’tqualify’t32.Determiningwhereweare_________oursurroundingsremainsanessentialskillsurvival.forourA.incontrasttoD.inrelationtoC.infaceof33.—WhatdoesthestuffonyourT-shirtmean?—It’snothing.Justsomething_________.A.asclearasdayB.offthetopofmyheadC.undermynoseD.beyondmywildestdreams34.Thedisappearanceofdinosaursisnotnecessarilycausedbyastronomicalincidents._________explanationsarehardtofind.ButA.alternativeB.aggressiveC.ambiguous—s—_________!Willyougowithme?A.YouthereB.YoubetC.YougotmeD.Youknowbetter20小题；每题1分，满分20分）A、BC、D并在答题卡大将该项涂黑。ForalongtimeGabrieldidn’twanttobeinvolvedmusicatall.Inhisfirstyearsofhighschool,Gabrielwouldlookpityinglyatmusicstudents,36acrossthecampuswiththeirheavyinstrumentcases.37atschoolforpracticehours38anyoneelsehadtobethere.Hesworetohimselfto39music,ashehatedgettingtoschoolextraearly.__40___,oneday,inthemusicclassthatwas__41__ofhisschool’sstandard,hecurriculumwasplayingidly（任意地）onthepianoandfoundit____42___topickouttunes.Withasinking5/36.A.travelling37.A.risingup38.A.beforeC.pacingC.drivingupC.untilD.strugglingD.turningupD.since39.A.betrayB.acceptB.HoweverB.natureB.safeC.avoidD.appreciateD.MoreoverD.spirit40.A.Therefore41.A.partC.ThusC.basis42.A.complicated43.A.missed44.A.transparent45.A.runC.confusingC.enjoyedC.falseD.easyD.deniedD.similarD.wanderedD.soC.jumpedC.thoughC.heart46.A.because47.A.earB.tasteD.voice48.A.occurredto49.A.change50.A.seriously51.A.committed52.A.proved53.A.pushing54.A.admiring55.A.overB.tooktoB.chanceB.proudlyB.usedC.appealedtoC.missionC.casuallyC.limitedC.stressedC.liftingD.heldtoD.functionD.naturallyD.admittedD.meantD.rushingB.showedB.draggingB.pityingB.asideC.annoyingC.behindD.teasingD.out第三部分：阅读理解（共15小题；每题2分，满分30分）6/请仔细阅读以下短文，从短文后各题所给的并在答题卡大将该项涂黑。、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最正确选项，ACHRONOLOGICAthatHistoryDIDYOUKNOWIn105ADpaperwasinventedinChina?WhenColumbusdiscoveredtheNewWorld?TheBritishMuseumopenedin1759?CHRONOLOGICAisafascinatingjourneythroughtime,fromthefoundationofRometothecreationoftheinternet.Alongthewayaretalesofkingsandqueens,hotmonkeysinspace.airballoonsTravelthrough100ofthemostunbelievableyearsinworldhistoryandlearnwhybeingaRomanEmperorwasn’talwaysasgoodasitsounds,howtheHundredYearslastfor100yearsandwhySpencerPercevalholdsaratherunfortunaterecord.’Wardidn’tactuallyCHRONOLOGICAisaninformativeentertainingtourintohistory,beautifullyillustratedandfullofunbelievablefacts.WhileCHRONOLOGICAtellsthestoriesoffamouspeopleinhistorysuchasThomasEdisonandAlexandertheGreat,thisbookalsogivesanaccountofthelivesoflesser-knownindividualsincludingexplorerMungoParkandsculptorBorglum.Thiscompletebutbriefhistoricalcollectioniscertaintoentertainreadersyoungandold,andguaranteedtopresenteventhebiggesthistoryloverwithsomethingnew!56.WhatisCHRONOLOGICAaccordingtothenext?A．Abiography.．AC．A．AA．Bygivingdetailsofitscollection.．Byintroducingsomeofitscontents.C．Bytellingstoriesatthebeginning.．Bycomparingitwithotherbooks.7/BBeforebirth,babiescantellthedifferencebetweenloudsoundsandvoices.Theycanevendistinguishtheirmotherthatofa’svoicefromfemalestranger.Butwhenitcomestoembryoniclearning(胎教couldruletheroost.AsrecentlyreportedinTheAuk:OrnithologicalAdvances,somemotherbirdsmayteachtheiryoungtosingevenbeforetheyhatch(孵化).New-bornchickscanthenimitatetheirmom’scallwithinafewdaysofenteringtheworld.Thiseducationalmethodwasfirstobservedin2012bySoniaKleindorfer,abiologistatFlindersUniversityinSouthAustralia,andhercolleagues.FemaleAustraliansuperbfairywrenswerefoundtorepeatonesoundoverandoveragainwhilehatchingtheireggs.Whentheeggs—awerehatched,thebabybirdsmadethesimilarchirptotheirmothersregular“feedme!”Tofindoutifthespecialqualitywasred-backedfairywren,anotherspeciesofAustraliansongbird.Firsttheycollectedsounddatafrom67nestsinfoursitesinQueenslandbeforeandafterhatching.Thentheyidentifiedbeggingcallsbyanalyzingtheorderandnumberofnotes.Acomputeranalysisblindlyproducedbymothersandchicks,rankingthembyparedcallsItturnsoutthatbabyred-backedfairywrensalsoemergechirpingliketheirmoms.Andthemorefrequentlymothershadcalledtotheireggs,themoresimilarwerethebabiesInaddition,theteamsetupaseparateexperimentthatsuggestedthatthebabybirdsthatmostbeggin’closelyimitatedtheirmoms’Thisobservationhintsthateffectiveembryoniclearningcouldsignalneurological(的)strengthsofchildrentoparents.Anevolutionaryinferencecanthenbedrawn.“Asaparent,doKleindorferasks.youinvestinqualitychildren,ordoyouinvestinchildrenthatareinneed?”“”58.TheunderlinedphraseinParagraph1means“”.A.betheworstC.betheasbadD.bejustasgoods8/A.Similaritiesbetweenthecallsofmomsandchicks.B.TheobservationoffairywrensacrossAustralia.C.ThedatacollectedfromQueenslandslocals.D.Controlledexperimentsonwrensandotherbirds..A.canreceivequalitysignalsC.fittheenvironmentbetterD.maketheloudestcallCAnewcommoditybringsaboutahighlyprofitable,fast-growingindustry,urgingantitrust（反垄断）regulatorstostepintocheckthosewhocontrolitsflow.Acenturyago,theresourceinquestionwasoil.Nowsimilarconcernsaresbeingraisedbythegiants（巨头）thatdealindata,theoilofthedigitalage.ThemostvaluablefirmsareGoogle,Amazon,FacebookandMicrosoft.Alllookunstoppable.Suchsituationshaveledtocallsforthetechgiantstobebrokenup.Butsizealoneisnotacrime.Thegiants’successhasbenefitedconsumers.Fewwanttolivewithoutsearchenginesoraquickdelivery.Farfromchargingconsumershighprices,manyoftheseservicesarefree(userspay,ineffect,byhandingoveryetmoredata).Andtheappearanceofnew-borngiantssuggeststhatnewcomerscanmakewaves,too.Butthereiscauseforconcern.Theinternethasmadedataabundant,all-presentandfarmorevaluable,changingthenatureofdataandcompetition.Googleinitiallyusedthedatacollectedfromuserstotargetadvertisingbetter.Butrecentlyithasdiscoveredthatdatacanbeturnedintonewservices:translationandvisualrecognition,tobesoldtoothercompanies.Internetcompanies’controlofdatagivesthemenormouspower.Sotheyhavea“God’eyesview”ofactivitiesintheirownmarketsandbeyond.becomegreatagain.Arethinkisrequiredideasstandout.—andasanewapproachstartstobecomeapparent,twoThefirstisthatantitrustauthoritiesneedtomoveformtheindustrialageintothe21stcentury.Whenconsideringamerger(吞并),forexample,theyhavetraditionallyusedsizetodetermine9/)’companyhasnorevenuetospeakof,theregulatorsshouldraiseredflags.Thesecondprincipleistoloosenthecontrolthatprovidersofon-lineserviceshaveoverdataandgivemoretothosewhosupplythem.Companiescouldbeforcedtoconsumerswhatinformationtheyholdandhowmanymoneytheymakeformit.Govemmentscouldorderthe’sharingofcertainkindsofdata,withusersRestartingantitrustfortheinformationagewillnotbeeasyButifdataoconomybyafewgiants,theymustactsoon.61.Whyisthereacalltobreakupgiants?govemmentsdon’twantsaA.TheyhavecontrolledthedatamarketB.TheycollectenormousprivatedataC.TheynolongerprovidefreeservicesD.Theydismissedsomenew-borngiants62.WhatdoesthetechnologicalinnovationinParagraph3indicate?’’s’63.BypayingattentiontofirmsA.killanewthreat’B.avoidthesizetrapC.favourbiggerfirmsD.chargehigherprices64.Whatisthepurposeoflooseningthegiants’controlofdata?A.Bigcompaniescouldrelievedatasecuritypressure.B.Governmentscouldrelievetheirfinancialpressure.C.Consumerscouldbetterprotecttheirprivacy.D.Smallcompaniescouldgetmoreopportunities.DOldProblem,NewApproaches/Whilecleanenergyisincreasinglyusedinourdailylife,globalwarningwillcontinueforsomedecadesafterCOemissions（排放）peak.Soevenifemissionsweretobegintodecreasetoday,2wewouldstillfacethechallengeofadaptingtoclimatechange.HereIwillstresssomesmarterandmorecreativeexamplesofclimateadaptation.Whenitcomestoadaptation,itisimportanttounderstandthatclimatechangeisaprocess.Wearethereforenottalkingaboutadaptingtoanewstandard,buttoaconstantlyshiftingsetoflittleriskorcost.Aroundtheworld,peopleareadaptinginsurprisingways,especiallyinsomepoorcountries.FloodshavebecomemoredamaginginBangladeshinrecentdecades.MohammedRezwansawopportunitywhereotherssawonlydisaster.Hisnot-for-profitorganizationruns100riverboatsthatserveasfloatinglibraries,schools,andhealthclinics,andareequippedwithsolarpanelsandothercommunicatingfacilities.Rezwaniscreatingfloatingconnectivity（连体）toreplacefloodedroadsandhighways.Butheisalsoworkingatafarmorefundamentallevel:hisstaffpondspreventstarvationduringthewetshowpeoplehowtoseason.makefloatinggardensandfishElsewhereinAsiaevenmoreastonishingactionsarebeingtaken.ChewangNorphellivesinamountainousregioninIndia,whereheisknownastheIceMan.Thelossofglaciers(duetoglobalwarmingrepresentsanenormousthreattoagriculture.Withouttheglaciers,water冰川)therewillarriveintheriversattimeswhenitcandamagecrops.Norphelamefromseeiingspirationcthewasteofwateroverwinter,whenitwasnotneeded.Hedirectedthewastedwaterintoshallowbasinswhereitfroze,andwasstoreduntilthespring.Hisfieldsoficesupplyperfectlytimedhehas’icesirrigation(浇灌)water.Havingcreatedninesuchicereserves,Norphelcalculatesthatstoredabout200,000m3ofwater.Climatechangeisacontinuingprocess,soNorphelreserveswillnotlastforever.Warmingwillovertakethem.Butheisprovidingafewyearsduringwhichthefarmerswill,perhaps,beabletofindothermeansofadapting.IncreasingEarth’sgreenhouses(whichreflectlightbacktospace)haschangedthewarmingtrendlocally,actuallycooledtheregion.WhileSpainasawholeisheatingupquickly,temperaturesnearthegreenhouseshavedecreased.Thisexampleshouldactasaninspirationforallcities.Bypaintingbuildingswhite,citiesmayslowdownthewarmingprocess.InPeru,localfarmersaroundamountainwithaglacierthathasalreadyfallenvictimto/climatechangehavebegunpaintingtheentiremountainpeakwhiteinthehopethattheaddedreflectivenesswillrestorethelife-givingice.Theoutcomeisstillfarfromclear.ButtheWorldBankhasincludedtheprojectonitsof"100ideastosavetheplanet”.Moreordinaryformsofadaptationarehappeningeverywhere.AfriendofmineownsanareaoflandinwesternVictoria.Overfivegenerationsthelandhasbeentoowetforcropping.Butduringthepastdecadedecliningrainfallhasallowedhimtoplanthighlyprofitablecrops.Farmersinmanycountriesarealsoadaptinglikethis—samethingsdifferently.Thisiscommonsense.Butsomesuggestionsforadaptingarenot.Whenchoicebuttoadapt,it’velosttocontrolthebattlecarbonpollutionandhaveno’sanonsensedesignedtomakethecaseforbusinessasusual.Humanbeingswillcontinuetoadapttothechangingclimateinbothordinaryandastonishingways.Butthemostsensibleformofadaptationissurelytoadaptourenergysystemstoemitlesscarbonpollution.Afterall,ifweadaptinthatway,wemayavoidtheneedtochangeinsomanyothers.65.TheunderlinedpartinParagraph2impliesA.adaptationisanever-changingprocessB.thecostofadaptationvarieswithtimeC.globalwarmingaffectsadaptationformsD.adaptationtoclimatechangeischallenging66.WhatisspecialwithregardtoRezwanA.Theprojectreceivesgovernmentsupport..’sproject?67.WhatdidtheIceMandotoreducetheeffectofglobalwarming?A.Storingiceforfutureuse.B.Protectingtheglaciersfrommelting.C.Changingtheirrigationtime.D.Postponingthemeltingoftheglaciers.68.WhatdowelearnfromthePeruexample?/.B.planthighlyprofitablecropsC.leavecarbonemissionaloneD.fightagainstcarbonpollution70.What’stheauthors’D.Monitoringpollutingindustries.10小题；每题1分，满分10分）请仔细阅读下边短文，并依据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个．．最适合的单词注意：请将答案写在答题卡上相应题号的横线上。每个空格只填一个单词。PopulationChangeWhyistheworlds’fortheexplosionisnotthatpeoplehavebeenreproducinglikerabbits,butthatpeoplehavestoppeddroppingdeadlikeflies.In1900,peoplediedattheaverageageof30.By2018theaverageagewas65.Butwhileincreasinghealthwasatypicalfeatureofthe20thcentury,decliningbirthratecouldbeadefiningoneofthe21st.Statisticsshowthattheaveragenumberofbirthsperwomanhasfallenfrom4.9intheearly1960sto2.5nowadays.Furthermore,around50%oftheworld’spopulationliveinregionswherethefigureisnowbelowthereplacementlevel(i.e.2.1birthsperwoman)andalmostalldevelopednationsareexperiencingsub-replacementbirthrate.Youmightthinkthatdevelopingnationswouldmakeuptheloss(especiallysince80%oftheworldeamightcausecatastrophicglobalshortagesofworkforcewithinafewdecades./poordietandabovealllong-timealcoholismhavemuchtodowith’tbend,Russia’spopulationwillbeaboutthesizeofYemen’sbytheyear2050.total,25%ofIndiasa’’potentialworkforcecouldbetotallyuneducated.Onesolutionisobviouslytoimportforeignworkersviaimmigration.AsfortheUSA,itisalmostuniqueamongdevelopednationsinhavingapopulationthatisexpectedtogrowby20%from20102030.Moreover,theUSAhasatrackrecordofsuccessfullyacceptingimmigrants.Asaresultit’likelystoseeariseinthesizeofitsworking-agepopulationandtowitnessstrongeconomicgrowthoverthelongerterm.PopulationChangeThebirthrateinthe21stcenturymaybemuch(71)______thanitwasinthe20th.Declineofthebirthrateofpopulation./Populationand(74)________pressureTheUSAwillincrease,from2010-2030,itspopulationby20%through(79)_______.