选修Unit语法讲解

Findallthesentencesusingthe–ingforminthereadingpassage,payingspecialattentiontothepassive–ingform.1.…Iheardaloudnoisecomingfromthebay.2.Werandown…toseeanenormousanimalthrowingitselfoutofthewaterandthencrashingdownagain.3.Ilooked…andcouldseeOldTomswimmingbytheboat,showingustheway.4.IhadheardthatGeorgedidn’tlikebeingkeptwaiting.5.Aswedrewcloser,Icouldseeawhalebeingattackedbyapackofsixotherkillers.6.FromJame’sface,Icouldseehewasterrifiedofbeingabandonedbyus.7.Whenweapproachedhim,IsawJamesbeingfirmlyheldupinthewaterbyOldTom.宾补宾补宾补宾补宾补宾语宾语伴随状语第1页/共17页第一页，共18页。V-ing的用法：Swimmingisgoodforhealth.Myhobbyisplayingtabletennis.Hesuggestedgoingsnorkeling.4.Thegirlstandingthereismysister.5.Isawpeoplecomingandgoinginthestreet.6.

Hearingthegoodnews,hejumpedwithjoy.7.Thetrainhavinggone,wehadtowaituntilthenextday.

主语表语宾语定语宾补状语独立主格结构第2页/共17页第二页，共18页。HaveALk1.Beinglaughedatinpublicisaterribleexperience.2.Whatwearesureaboutistheneedtopreventchildrenfrombeingspoiled.3.Thesilenceofthelibrarywasbrokenonlybythesoundofpagesbeingturnedover.4.Didyouseetheboybeingquestionedbythepolice?5.Havingbeentoldmanytimes,hefinallyunderstoodit.主语宾语定语宾补状语第3页/共17页第三页，共18页。语态时态

主动形式

被动形式一般式完成式(not)doing(not)beingdone(not)havingdone(not)havingbeendoneV-ing的形式：第4页/共17页第四页，共18页。ThePassiveVoiceof—ingForm的用法1.作主语★____________

(kill)bysharksintheseaisacommonthing.★_______________sunlightfortoomuchtimewilldoharmtoone'sskin.★_________________madehimveryangry.BeingkilledBeingexposedtoBeingkeptwaiting第5页/共17页第五页，共18页。2.作宾语★Georgedoesn’tlike____________________.★Thebirdescaped____________(catch).★Iremember_______________thestory.

(told)

V-ing形式既可作动词的宾语,也可作介词的宾语。★Hewasterrifiedof______________(abandon)byus.★Tonywasveryunhappyfor_____________________totheparty.beingabandonedbeingcaughtbeingkeptwaitingnothavingbeeninvitedbeingtold第6页/共17页第六页，共18页。注意①在want，need，require，deserve等动词之后作宾语时，常用动名词的主动式表示被动意义。Thecupboardneedssortingout.Theproblemrequiresconsideringcarefully.Thetreeswantwatering.Thiscitydeservesvisiting.②在beworth后面只能用动名词的主动态来表示被动意义。Hissuggestionisworthconsidering.Thebookisworthreading.第7页/共17页第七页，共18页。3.作定语＊Thebuilding_______________________

isourdormitory.＊Theproblem________________________(discuss)nowisveryurgent.比较Theproblem___________(discuss)yesterdayhasbeensolved.Theproblem________________________

(discuss)tomorrowisveryimportant.

beingdiscussedbeingrepaireddiscussedtobediscussed第8页/共17页第八页，共18页。4.作宾语补足语:●Aswedrewcloser,wecouldseeawhale________________byapackofsixotherkillers.●IsawJames_______________________inthewaterbyOldTom.●You’llfindthetopic

_______________

(discuss)everywherenow.●Isawthefilmstar__________________________________.beingattackedbeingfirmlyheldupbeingdiscussedbeingsurroundedbyherfans.第9页/共17页第九页，共18页。5.作状语

Beingdone习惯上不做状语,通常用过去分词done做状语。◆_______________,thewhalesoondied.◆_________________,hewouldgettheworkwelldone.Havingbeendone可作时间状语◆________________manytimes,hefinallyunderstoodit.◆__________________

fromothercontinentsformillionsofyears,Australianhadmanyplantsandanimalsnotfoundinanyothercountryintheworld.BadlywoundedHavingbeentoldGivenenoughtimeHavingbeenseparated第10页/共17页第十页，共18页。1.Havingbeentoldnottobelate,Peterstillcamelate,whichmademeveryangry.2.Havingbeensurroundedforamonth,theenemyhadtogivein.3.Havingbeentestedout,thenewproductwasputintomarketinlargequantities.现在分词的被动形式用作状语让步状语原因状语时间状语第11页/共17页第十一页，共18页。6.独立主格结构中ing分词单独作状语时，ing分词的逻辑主语与主句的主语是一致的，但有时分词的逻辑主语与主句主语不一致，这时需要在分词前加上它的逻辑主语，这种带逻辑主语的分词短语称为独立主格结构。这个问题已讨论好几次了，他们几乎失去了解决它的希望。Theissue_________________severaltimes,theyalmostlostthehopeofsettlingit.Theplan_______________foralongtime,theydon’tknowhowtocarryitout.Theplan______,hefeltconfident.havingbeendiscussedhavingbeenmademade第12页/共17页第十二页，共18页。1.由于今天是假日，所有商店都关门了。It

beingaholiday,alltheshopswereshut.2.决定已经做出,下一个问题是如何制定出一个好的计划了。

Thedecision

havingbeenmade,thenextproblemishowtomakeagoodplan.3.会议结束后,我们都离开会议室开车走了。

Themeeting

beingover,weallleftthemeetingroomanddrovehome.第13页/共17页第十三页，共18页。7.V-ing的主动形式和被动形式前都可加物主代词构成动名词的复合结构。Hisparentsareworriedabout______________.Hisparentsareworriedabout____________.hislosingthejobhisbeingfired第14页/共17页第十四页，共18页。动名词V-ing形式的复合结构动名词V-ing形式的前面加上物主代词或名词所有格构成动名词的复合结构，在句中作主语或宾语.我坚决要求他立刻做出答复。Iinsistedonhim/hismakinganimmediatereply.他当众受到嘲笑，使自己感到十分羞愧。Hisbeinglaughedatinpublicmadehimselffeelveryashamed.第15页/共17页第十五页，共18页。总统的亲自来访令我们十分荣幸。ThePresident’svisitingusinpersonhonouredusverymuch.我很高兴你被授予了一枚奖牌。I’mverypleasedatyou/yourhavingbeenhonour