2023年专八真题及答案详解

TESTFORENＧLＩSHMAJORS()-GRADEEIＧHT-PAＰERONＥＴIＭELIMIT:９５ＭINＰARＴＩＬISTEＮINGCＯMPREHＥNSIＯＮ［40MＩN.]InSecｔioｎsＡ，ＢandCyｏuｗiｌlｈｅareｖerythingONCEＯNLＹ.Ｌistencarefullｙaｎdthenaｎswｅrｔｈｅｑuestｉｏnsthatfｏlｌoｗ.MarkｔhecorrectansweｒtｏｅａchqueｓtionｏｎｙouｒＣoloｒｅdAnsweｒＳheet.SECTIONATAＬKＱｕestionｓ１ｔo5refertｏtｈetalｋinthｉsｓｅｃtion．Aｔｔheendofthetaｌkyｏuwｉllbegiｖeｎ15ｓecondstoａnsｗeｒeacｈofthefollowingfivequｅｓｔioｎｓ.Nｏｗlｉsｔｅnｔotheｔalk.１.ＴherulesfｏrthｅfirstｐrivateｌibraryiｎthｅUＳｗeredrawnupby_＿＿.A)thelegｉsｌatureB）thｅlibｒarｉaｎC)JohnHarvａｒdD)thefaｃultymｅmbeｒs2．Theeａrliestpubliｃlｉbrａryｗasａlsocalｌedasｕbscriｐｔioｎlibrａrybeｃaｕseｂooks___.A）coｕldbelｅｎttoeveryonｅB）couldｂeleｎtbybooｋstoresＣ）werelenttｏｓtudｅntsandthefacｕｌtyD)weｒelentoｎａmｅmｂerｓhipbasis3.WhiｃｈofｔhefoｌlowinｇｉsNＯTｓtatedasｏｎeofthepｕrpｏseｓｏffreepublｉｃliｂrarieｓ?A)Ｔoproｖｉdｅｒeａｄerｓwithｃomfｏrtablerｅaｄingroｏｍs.Ｂ)Toｐroviｄｅadｕlｔsｗithｏppｏrｔuniｔｉｅsoｆfurthereｄuｃａｔｉｏn.C）Toservetｈecoｍｍuniｔy'sculturalandrecreatｉonalneedｓ.Ｄ)Tosuｐpｌytｅchnicalｌiｔerａｔureｏnspecializedsubjeｃts．４.Thｅmａjorｄiｆferencebeｔｗeｅnｍodemｐｒiｖateandｐｕbliclibrariｅｓｌｉesin___．A)readeｒshｉpB)conｔｅntC)serviｃｅ

D）ｆｕnction5．Ｔhemaiｎpｕｒposeoｆｔｈeｔａlｋiｓ_＿_.A)ｔointroducｅcaｔｅgoｒｉｅsofbooｋsinＵSｌiｂrarｉｅsB)todeｍonsｔrａtetheimpｏrtanceｏfUSlｉbｒarｉｅsC)tｏeｘplaintherolesofｄｉｆfeｒentUSlibrａriesD）ｔodｅｆinethｅcｉrｃulａｔiｏｎsysｔemｏfＵSlｉbraｒiｅsSECTIOＮＢINＴEＲVＩEＷQｕｅsｔioｎs6tｏ10arebaｓｅdonanｉntervieｗ.Atthｅｅnｄｏftheｉnterｖiewｙouwillｂegiｖｅｎ15seｃｏndｓtoａnswerｅachofthefollowiｎgfivｅquestionｓ.Nowlｉsteｎtotheintervｉeｗ．6.Nanｃybecameａtａxｉｄｒiｖerbecause___．A)ｓheowｎｅｄacarＢ)shedroveｗellC)ｓｈelｉkeddｒivｅrs'uｎｉｆｏrmsD)itｗasｈｅｒchilｄｈooｄdreaｍ7.Aｃcoｒdinｇtoher,whatwasthemosｔdｉfｆicuｌtabｏｕtbｅcomingaｔａxidriｖer?A)Theriｇhtｓenseofｄｉrection.B)Theｓeｎｓeofjuｄgment.C)Theｓｋilｌｏfmａneuｖering.Ｄ)Theｓiｚeoｆvehicleｓ.８.WｈａｔdｏeｓNancyliｋｅbestａboutｈerjob?A)Seeingintereｓtｉngbuilｄiｎgsiｎｔhecity.Ｂ）Beｉnｇaｂletoenjoythｅｗｏrldofnａtｕre.C)Ｄrivinginunsettlｅdweather.D）Takingloｎｇｄrivesouｔsｉdｅｔｈｅcity.9．IｔcaｎbeｉnfｅｒｒedfｒoｍｔheinｔerｖiewtｈaｔNanｃyina(n)__＿ｍoｔｈeｒ.A)ｕncaringB)stｒictC)ａffeｃｔionateＤ)ｐermiｓsivｅ10．TheｐeｏpleNancymeｅｔsａｒeA）rａｔherdｉfficｕlttoｐleａｓeB)rudetowｏmｅndｒivｅｒｓC)talkａtiveandgｅｎerouswithtipsD)dｉｆfereｎtｉnpersonaｌｉtySEＣTＩＯNＣNＥWSBＲOADＣASTQuestion１１isbasedonthefoｌlowingnews.Attheｅndofthｅｎewsｉｔem，yoｕwiｌlｂeｇiveｎ15ｓeｃonｄstoansｗｅrthequeｓtion.Nowlｉstentｏtｈenewｓ．１1.ＴheprｉmarｙｐｕrpｏseoftheUSａnti-sｍｏkinｇlegislａtionｉs___.A)ｔotiｇhｔencoｎｔrolｏntｏbａｃcoａdvertiｓinｇB)toimpoｓepｅnalｔiｅsontobaccoｃompaniｅｓC)tostａrtａnatｉonａlanti－ｓmokｉngcampａigｎD)toenｓuｒetｈeheaｌthｏｆAｍｅrｉcanchiｌdreｎQuｅstionｓ12aｎd1３arebasedoｎtｈｅfollowingnews．Ａtthｅｅnｄofthenewsｉtem,ｙｏuwiｌlbeｇｉvｅn3０seｃondstoanswerｔheqｕｅｓtions.Ｎowlisteｎtothenews．12.TｈeFrenchPrｅsｉdent'ｓvｉsittoJapanaiｍsaｔ__＿．A)maｋingmoreiｎvesｔmentｓinJａpaｎB)sｔｉmulatｉnｇJａpａnesebuｓiｎｅsseｓiｎＦraｎcｅC)hｅlpingbｏosttheJapaneseeｃonomｙD)launcｈｉngafiｌmfeｓｔiｖalinＪapａn1３.ThiｓisJａｃqｕｅsＣhirac's___vｉsｉｔｔoＪａpａn.Ａ)secondC)ｆorｔiｅｔhB)ｆｏurｔeeｎtｈD）fｏrty-firstＱuｅｓtｉons1４ａｎd15arebasedonthefｏlｌowｉngnewｓ.Attheendoftheｎｅwsitem,ｙouwillｂeｇｉven30sｅｃondｓtoａｎswertheｑuｅｓｔioｎs.Noｗlistenｔｏtｈenews．１4.Aｆgｈaｎpeopleareｓufｆerinｇfromｓtａrvaｔionbecausｅ＿__.A)ｍelｔｉngsｎowbeginsｔｏｂｌｏckthｅmounｔaｉnpａtｈsB)theTaｌibaｎhaｖｅdestroyｅｄexistingfoｏdstocksC)theＴalibanａrehindeｒiｎgfooddelｉvｅriesD)anemｅrgeｎcyaiｒ-ｌiｆtoffｏｏdwasｃancｅｌｌｅd15．pｅopleｉｎAfｇhanｉｓtanarefacingsｔａrｖａtion.A）160,000B）1６,００0Ｃ）1,00０,００0D)100,000SＥCTIONDＮOTE-TＡKINGＡＮDＧAP-ＦＩLLINGＩntｈissectｉonyｏuwｉｌlhearaｍini-ｌeｃturｅ.YouwillｔhelectureＯNＣEONLＹ.Whilｅlｉｓteｎｉnｇtｏtheleｃture,takenoｔesoｎthｅｉmportantpｏiｎts.Youｒnｏteｓwillnｏtbeｍａｒked,butyｏｕwｉｌlneedtｈemtoｃｏmpletea15－minutegap－fiｌｌiｎgｔaskonANSＷＥRSＨEEＴONＥafterthemini－lecture.Ｕsｅｔhｅbｌａnkpaｐｅrｆoｒnoｔｅ－ｔaｋｉng．PａrtⅡＰＲＯOFREADING&ERRORCORRＥCTIＯN(15MIＮ)ProofreadtheｇｉｖｅｎｐassａgeonANSWＥＲSHＥＥTTWOasiｎsｔruｃｔed.PartⅢREADＩNGCＯＭPREHENSＩON（40MIＮ）SECTIOＮARＥＡＤＩNGCOＭPRＥＨＥＮSION(3０MIN)Iｎthiｓsectiｏｎthereａrｅｆｏｕrreaｄiｎｇpassａgesfｏllowedｂyatotaloffifteｅｎmulｔipｌe-chｏicｅquesｔｉoｎs.ReadthepassagｅｓaｎｄtｈeｎmarkyouransｗｅｒsoｎyourColｏrｅdAnsｗerSheet.TEXTADespｉtｅDenｍark＇ｓｍanｉfestvｉrtｕes，ＤanesｎevｅrtalｋabouthoｗpｒoudｔheyareｔobｅDaｎｅs.ＴhｉsｗoｕldsｏuｎdwｅirdinDａnish.WｈenDａnestａｌktoforeｉgnerｓａboutDenmark,ｔｈeｙaｌwaｙsbegｉnbｙcｏmmeｎtｉngoｎitstｉniness,ｉｔsunimportance,thediffiｃuｌtyofitslａｎguage,theｇｅneralsｍａｌl－mｉndｅｄneｓsandseｌf－ｉndｕｌgenｃeｏftheircountryｍenａndthehigｈtaxｅs.NoＤaｎewouldlooｋyｏuiｎtheeyeａｎdsay,"Denmarkｉｓaｇrｅatｃountry.＂Yｏｕ'ｒesupposedtｏfiguｒetｈisｏｕtforｙourselｆ.Itisthｅｌanｄoftｈesｉlksａfetｙnet,whｅｒｅalmosthalfｔｈenａtionaｌｂudgetgoestｏｗａrｄsmｏoｔhｉngoutlifｅ＇sｉｎeｑualities,aｎｄｔhereispleｎｔｙofｍoneyｆorｓｃhoolｓ,daycare,retrａｉniｎgpｒoｇrａmｍｅs,jobｓeｍiｎａrs-Daｎeslｏｖｅseminａrs：ｔｈrｅedaysatastudｙｃentｒeheａringａbouｔwastemaｎagemenｔisalmｏstaｓｇｏoｄasaｓkｉtrip.ItｉsaｃuｌtureboｍbarｄedbｙEｎｇliｓh,inａdvertisiｎg,poｐmusiｃ，theInterｎet,andｄespｉｔeａlltheEｎgｌiｓhtｈａtDaｎishabsorbｓ-ｔhereisnoDanisｈAcadeｍｙtodｅfendａgａｉnstiｔ-ｏldｄiａｌectｓperｓistｉnJuｔlaｎｄSuｃhａnａtｉonoｆoveracｈievｅrs-ａbｒochurefromtheMinｉｓｔryofBusinessandInｄustryｓays，"Denmarkｉsonｅofｔheｗorｌｄ＇scleanestａｎdmostoｒgａnizedcounｔrｉes,witｈｖｉｒtuａllyｎopollutiｏn，crime,orpｏｖeｒty.Denmarkｉｓthｅmｏstｃorｒuｐtion-ｆrｅesocieｔｙintheNoｒthernHemｉsｐherｅ.＂Sｏ，ｏｆcoｕrｓe,ｏne'shｅａrtliｆtｓａtanysightiｎgofDanishsleａｚe:ｓkｉnheadgraffitionbuｉldinｇs("ForeｉgnerｓOutｏfDenmark!"),ｂrｏkenbeerｂｏttlesintheguttｅｒs，ｄrｕｎkenteenagerssｌｕｍpedintheparｋ.Nonetheless,ｉｔiｓanoｒdｅrlyland.YoｕｄrivethroughaDanｉshｔown,itcomｅsｔoanｅndａtaｓtonｅwａll,aｎdｏnｔheothｅrｓiｄeiｓａfieldｏｆｂarlｅy,aｎicecleａnliｎe：townhere，ｃouｎtｒｙthｅrｅ.Itisnoｔanationofjay-walkers.Peoplｅstａnｄoｎthecurbandwaｉtforthereｄligｈtｔoｃｈａnge,eｖenifit's２ａ.m.aｎdtｈeｒe'ｓnotacａrinsｉgｈt．Ｈowever,Dａnesｄon'tthiｎkｏｆthｅmseｌveｓａｓawaiｎtｉｎｇ-ａt-2-a．m.－for-ｔｈe－gｒｅen-lighｔpeｏple——ｔhat'shｏwtheysｅeＳweｄesandＧeｒｍans.Danesｓeｅthemselｖesasjazｚｙｐeｏple,imprｏviｓerｓ,ｍｏreｆreesｐirｉtedthanSwedes,buttｈetruthis(thoughoｎeshouldnｏtｓayit)thatDanｅsaｒeveryｍuchlｉkｅGｅrmansandSwedｅs.Orderlineｓsisamainsｅllｉngpoiｎｔ.Denmarｋhasfewnatuｒalresoｕrces，liｍitedmanufacturｉｎｇcapabiｌiｔｙ；itsfutuｒｅinＥｕropeThｅorderlineｓｓofｔｈesocietydoesｎ'tmeａｎthatDａｎishliveｓarelessｍeｓsｙｏrlｏneｌyｔｈａnyoｕrsｏrmine，andnoＤanewｏｕｌdteｌlyouｓｏ.Yｏucａnhearｐlentyaboutｂiｔｔerfaｍilyｆeudsandthesorｒowsofalcohoｌismａndaｂouｔｐｅrｆecｔlysensiｂlepeoplewhoｗentｏｆｆｏnedaｙaｎdkｉlｌedtｈemselveｓ.Ａnordｅrlysocietｙｃａnnotexemptitsmembersfr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gｅbaｂlyafteraquarrel．SECTIONＢSKＩＭMIＮＧANDSCAＮＮIＮG(10ＭIN)Inthｉｓsｅctｉｏntherearｅｓｅveｎｐassagｅｓfollowｅdbｙtenmｕｌtiｐle-cｈoicｅquesｔｉons．SkimorｓｃaｎtｈeｍａsｒeｑuiredaｎdｔｈeｎmａrｋyｏuranswｅｒsoｎtheＣｏlｏureｄＡnsweｒＳhｅeｔ．ＴEXＴEFirstｒeadｔhefolｌowｉngｑuestiｏn.31.ＩnthepasｓａgeＢｉllＧａtesmainｌｙdiscussｅｓ___．A)aｐeｒson'sｏpportｕnｉtｙofａlifｅｔimeB)ｔhｅsucｃesｓofthｅcompｕtｅrinｄusｔryＣ)theｉmportancｅofeducａｔioｎＤ)hｉｇhschooledｕcａｔiｏnｉntheUSNowgoｔｈroughTEXTＥqｕicklyanｄanｓｗerquｅstion31．Hｕnｄrｅdsofstudentｓsendmeｅ-mailｅａchｙｅａｒａskinｇforadvｉcｅabｏｕtedｕcation.Theｙwａnttoknowwhａｔtｏｓｔuｄy，orwｈeｔherit'sOＫｔodｒoｐｏutofcolleｇeｓincethａt'ｓwhatIｄid.Mybasicａdviceｉssimpleaｎdheａrtｆelt."Getthebesteｄuｃatiｏnyｏｕｃaｎ．Ｔakeaｄvantaｇeoｆhiｇhｓchoｏlａnｄcolleｇe.Ｌeａrnhowtoｌearn."Ｉt＇sｔｒuｅthatIdｒｏpｐedｏutofｃｏｌlegetoｓtarｔMicrｏsoft,buｔIwaｓatＨarvardｆoｒthｒｅeyearsｂefｏredropｐingout-aｎｄＩ'dlovetohａvethetimｅtｏgoｂaｃk.AsＩ'ｖｅsaｉｄbefｏre,ｎobodyshoulddrｏpｏｕtｏｆcｏllｅgeｕnlessｔheｙｂeliｅvｅtheｙfacetｈeoｐpoｒｔｕｎityｏfaｌｉfetime.Aｎdeventhenｔheｙsｈoulｄrecｏnsider.Ｔｈecomｐｕterｉndustryhａslｏtsoｆpｅoｐｌewhodｉdｎ'tfｉnishｃolｌｅge,ｂutI'mｎotawarｅｏｆanysucceｓssｔｏrｉestｈatｂｅganwithsomebodｙdroppiｎgouｔofｈighscｈｏol.Iactｕallｙｄoｎ'tknowanyhigｈscｈooldrｏｐoｕts,letａloｎeanｙsuccessｆｕｌonｅs.Iｎpany＇searｌyyearsｗeｈadabrighｔpａrt-tｉｍepｒogramｍｅｒwhothrｅａteｎedtodrｏpoutofｈiｇhsｃｈooltoworkfull－time.Ｗetｏldhｉmno．Quitｅafewofｏurpeoplｅdidｎ'tfinishcｏlｌegｅ,butweｄiscｏuｒａgedｒｏpｐingoｕt.Coｌleｇeisｎ＇ttｈeoｎlyplaｃeｗｈerｅiｎformａtionexists.Youcanlearnｉnaｌiｂｒarｙ．Butｓｏmebｏdyhanｄiｎgｙoｕabookdoｅｓn'tautｏmaticａllyfosｔerｌearｎing．Youｗaｎtｔoｌearnwiｔhoｔｈｅrpｅｏple，asｋquestioｎs，tｒyoutiｄeasａndhaｖｅawａyｔotestｙoｕraｂilｉty．Itusｕaｌlytakesmｏｒeｔhaｎｊustabook.Eｄｕcaｔiｏnshｏuldbebroａd，althoｕghiｔ'sfiｎｅtohavedｅｅｐinｔerｅsｔｓ,too.IｎhｉghschｏolｔｈerewerｅｐeriｏdswｈenＩwaｓhighlｙfｏcuseｄｏnwritiｎgsoftware,bｕtformostofmｙhighschoolyearsIhadwide-ranｇiｎｇａcaｄemicｉntereｓts.Mypareｎtseｎcouraｇeｄtｈｉs，andI＇mgｒatefｕｌthatthｅydid.Oneｐaｒentｗrｏｔemetｈather1５-yearolｄson"lｏstｈiｍseｌfinthehoｌeoｆｔheｃomputer.”HeｇoｔanＡｉnWｅbsiteｄeｓigｎ，butothergraｄｅswｅresinｋinｇ,sheｓaiｄ.Thｉｓboyismakiｎｇaｍisｔakｅ.Ｈｉgｈschｏｏｌａnｄcoｌｌegeｏｆferyouthebesｔcｈancetolearnbroadｌy-mａth,hｉｓtory，vａrｉousscｉences-andtｏdoproｊectswｉｔhotheｒkiｄｓthａtteacｈyouｆｉrｓｔｈａndaboｕtgrouｐｄynamicｓ.It＇sｆｉｎetotａｋeadeeｐiｎtｅrestiｎcoｍputｅrs,dａnce,languagｅorａnｙｏtherｄiｓciｐline,ｂutnotifitjeopardizesbｒeaｄtｈ.Incolｌegeit'ｓａｐpｒoprｉaｔeｔothiｎkaboutspecｉａｌｉzatioｎ.Geｔtｉngｒealｅｘｐertiseinaｎarｅａofinterestｃanｌｅadtｏsuｃcess．Ｇrａｄｕａｔｅschooｌisｏnewaytogｅtspecializｅdkｎowleｄgｅ.Chooｓinｇaｓpecｉaltyiｓn'tsｏmethｉｎghighschoｏlstudentsshouｌｄｗorｒyaｂｏut.Theyｓhouldworｒyaboutｇｅtｔingastrongａcademiｃstart.Ｔｈere＇snoｔaperｆｅctｃorrｅlaｔｉoｎｂeｔweenaｔtitｕdesiｎｈiｇhｓchoｏlａndsucｃｅsｓinlateｒliｆe，ｏfｃｏuｒse.Buｔiｔ'ｓarealmisｔａkenｏttotakethｅoppoｒtunitytｏlｅarnahugeraｎgeofsｕｂjecｔs,tolｅａrntoworkwithpｅoplｅｉnhighschｏol,ａndtogｅtthegradeｓthaｔwilｌhelpｙoｕgｅtintoagｏodcollegｅ.TEＸTFFirｓtｒeａdthｅｆｏlｌowiｎｇquesｔion.３2.Ｔhepassagefoｃuｓesoｎ＿_＿.A)ｔhehｉstorｙandfｕｔuｒeofLｏndonB)London’smaｎｕfaｃturｉngｓｋillsC)Londoｎ'ｓstatuｓａsafiｎanｃｉalcｅntrｅrD)thepasｔandpｒeｓentrｏleｓofＬonｄｏｎNowgｏtｈrougｈTextFqｕiｃklyandａｎsｗｅrqueｓtion32.ＷｈａｔｉsＬondｏｎfor？Ｔopuｔｔheqｕestiｏnａｎoｔherｗaｙ，whywasLondｏn，ｂy１9００，ｉnｃoｍｐａrablythｅlaｒgｅsｔｃｉｔyinｔhewoｒｌd,whiｃhitｒｅｍａineduｎtiltheｂｏmbａrdmeｎｔsofthｅLｕｆｔwafｆe?Therｅｃouldbemａnyａnｓweｒstotｈiｓｑueｓtion,butanyhistoｒyofLondｏnwillrｅheａrsethreｅｂroadexpｌaｎａｔｉons．Oneiｓthｅiｍｐortaｎceofitslifeaｓaporｔ．WｈentheThamestｕrnedtoiｃeiｎFeｂｒuarｙ1855，５0,00０menｗereputｏutｏｆwork,ａndｔhｅrewｅrｅbrｅadriotｓfromｔｈosewhoseliveｌiboodｓｈadbｅenfrｏzenｗiｔhｔｈｅｒiver.Ｔodaｙ,thｅTｈａmescoｕlｄbefrozeｎfoｒaｙearwithouteｎdａnｇｅriｎgtheｌivelihooｄsofaｎyｂｕtａfewpleａsure-boaｔmen.ThesｅcondmaｊorcausｅofLondon'swealthａnｄsuccｅssｗasthａtiｔwａｓeasilytheｂiｇｇｅstmanufａcturinｇｃentreinEuｒope.AttheｂegｉnnｉngoｆｔheIｎdustrialＲevolｕtion,DutｃhloomｓandtheｓtｏｃｋiｎｇknｉttingfｒameｗｅrefiｒstpiｏnｅerediｎＬondoｎ.ThevasｔraｎgeoｆLonｄｏn'smaｎufacｔuｒingskillsiｓaｎoｔhｅrfａcｔ；aｌmｏstanyｉtemｙoucａｎnａmewasｍaｎｕfacturｅdｉnLoｎdondurｉnｇtｈeｄayｓofitｓprosｐeｒitｙ.In1851，１3.75percｅntｏftｈｅmａnuｆａctuｒingｗork-ｆorｃeofGrｅatBritａinwasbａsedｉｎLonｄoｎ．By196１,tｈｉshａddramａticallyｒｅｄｕced.Ｂy199３,ｔherｅwereameｒe３28，0０0Lｏndonersengaｇedinmaｎuｆacｔuｒing.Inoｔherwoｒds,byoｕrowntiｍｅｓ,ｔｗoofthechiefreasonsforLonｄｏｎ'svｅryｅxisｔenｃe－itslifｅaｓａｐertandaｓaceｎtrｅｏfmaｎufaｃｔure－hadｄwiｎdleｄｏutofexisteｎce．Ｌｏnｄon'sthirdgreatｆunctiｏn,sincethｅseｖenｔeeｎthｃeｎtury,hasbeenthａtofｎaｔiｏｎａlandｉｎternａｔiｏｎalbｏursｅ:ｔhｅexｃhａngeofstocｋsandshares,bａnｋｉnｇ,commerｃeａnｄ,ｉncrｅasinｇlｙ，iｎｓuｒance.BoｔｈInwooｄaｎdFrancisShepparｄ,inLｏndon:Ahｉｓtｏｒｙ,managetomａｋeｔhesepotentialｌydrymattersｖiｖｉｄtｏｔhegenｅralrｅaｄer,andboｔｈａuｔhorsassｕｒeustｈat"ThｅCity"inthｅfinanciａlsenseiｓstillasimpoｒtanｔaｓeveritwaｓ.Ｂotｈ,hoｗever，recoｒdthediminutｉonｏｆｔｈeCitｙasanarchiteｃｔuralanｄdemoｇrａpｈicentity,ｗithｔheeｍptyｉngｏfmａnｙciｔyofｆices（sincetｈｅadventｏftｈecompｕｔｅｒmucｈｏfthｅwｏrkcａnbｅdoｎeaｎywhｅｒe）ａndtheremovａlofmaｎydisｔinctiveｌaｎdmａrkｓ.TEXＴGFirstreadthefｏlｌowiｎgquｅstiｏn.33．Thepriｍａrｙpurpoｓeofｔｈeｐassagｅisto＿＿_.A)ｄisｃuｓstheｉmpactoftｈｅｉnterｎｅtB)foｒecaｓttheｆutｕreｒolesofｔhebooｋｓtoｒeＣ）cｏmpａｒｅｔhｅpuｂlisherwiththeｅditorD)ｅvａｌｕatetheｌimitaｔｉｏｎｓoｆｔhｅprintedｐａｇｅNowgothrougｈＴEXＴGquicklｙａndａnsweｒquestion33．Sｉncｅthｅａｄventoftelevisionpeopleｈａvebeenｐｒopｈesyｉngtｈedeatｈｏfｔhｅbook.ＮｏwtheriseofｔheＷｏrlｄＷｉdeＷebｓeemstｏhａvereｖivｅｄthｉssmoldeｒingcoｎtroversyｆｒoｍtheaｓｈeｓ.Tｈevｅｒyｅxiｓtenceofpapeｒcopyｈasbeeｎbrougｈtintoｑuesｔiononcｅmｏre．Itｍightbethebookstore,ｒaｔherthantheｂｏｏkitsｅｌf,thaｔisonthebrｉｎｋofextinction．Manyofyｏuwilｌhａvｅnoｔedtoｍofbooksｅllerｗebsiｔespoppingup.Theypｒoｖidｅlistsｏfboｏkｓanｄｌetｙｏｕreadsａmｐlecｈａpteｒs,ｒｅｖieｗsfromotherｃusｔomｅrｓandinteｒviewswｉthａuthoｒs.Wｈatｄoesaｌlｔｈismean?Ｂrｏwsｉnｇaｖｉrtualboｏkｓtｏrｅｍaynotaｆfordyouｔｈesaｍedustypleasｕｒeaｓbrowｓinｇｒｏｕｎdaｒealｓｈｏp,butasｆarasserviｃe,priceandcｏｎｖｅniencearecｏnｃeｒnedthｅreiｓreallyｎocompetition．Thismaｙchangｅbeforelｏng,aspublishers'weｂsitesｂｅgintoofferdirｅcｔacceｓｓｔonewpublicatｉｏns．PｅrhapsiｔisacｔuallythｅpｕblisｈeｒｗhoｉsendanｇｅreｄbythｅｒｅlentlessａdｖaｎceoｆｔheＩnternet．Thereaｒearemarkabｌenumbｅｒofsｉtｅsrepubｌishingtｅxｔsonlｉｎe——anｅxtensiｖeviｒtualliｂraryｏfｍaｔｅrｉａlsｔhaｔusｅdtobehandledｐriｍａrｉlybｙpubliｓｈinｇcomｐanies.Ｆromtｈeｐroｆusionoｆeleｃtｒｏｎic-tｅxｔｓｉｔｅsavaiｌabｌe,itlｏoksasiｆｔhisvirtualｌibｒaｒｙiｓheretostaｙuｎleｓsaprｏｐoseｄreｖ