（精品讲义）UNIT2SECTION3word版含答案2

06/605/6/[语法初识]原句感知自主探究①Istolesomethingeverydaytopayforthedrugs.②Heraisedhisvoiceinordertobeheardbyallthestudents.③Adamwenttothemansoastobuycannabis.④Itookthedoctor'sadviceinordernottocontinuetakingdrugs.⑤Irefusedtotakethedrugsoasnottobecomeaddicted.⑥Somepeoplefeelsonervousthattheycallthepolice.⑦Itwassuchadangerousdrugthathenearlydied.⑧Itwassuchloudmusicthatwecouldn'thearourselvesspeak.1.句①～⑤中黑体部分在句中作目的状语。句⑥～⑧中黑体部分中的that引导结果状语从句。2．由句④⑤可知动词不定式的否定式只需在不定式符号to前加not。3．不定式的被动式是to_be_done，如句②。4．由句⑥⑦⑧可知，so为副词，修饰形容词或副词，而such为形容词，修饰名词。[语法剖析]语法点一动词不定式作目的状语在英语中动词不定式的重要作用之一就是表示目的，即“为了……”。不定式作目的状语时，常用的结构有todo,onlytodo(仅仅为了),inordertodo,soastodo,onpurposetodo等。Pleasecheckitcarefullysoastoavoidmistakes.请仔细检查一下以避免出现失误。对于不定式作目的状语，应注意以下几点：1．不定式短语的否定形式应该在不定式符号to前面加not。IwenttoAmericanottostudyarchitecturebuttostudyEnglish.我去美国不是学建筑而是学英语。2．inorderto引导的目的状语，可以放在句首，也可以放在句末；但soasto引导的目的状语，只能置于句末，而不能置于句首。Weuseelectricityinorderto/soastoturnmachines.＝Inordertoturnmachines,weuseelectricity.我们使用电力来开动机器。3．不定式作目的状语时，通常句子的主语就是它的逻辑主语。但如果不是的话，...“for...”结构表示逻辑主语。Momopenedthedoorformetocomein.妈妈打开门让我进来。4．onlytodo有两层含义：一是“只是为了……”表目的；二是表示“出人意料”的结果。Icomehereonlytosaygood-byetoyou.(目的)我来这里，仅仅是为了向你道别。Wehurriedtotheclassroomonlytofindnonethere.(结果)我们匆忙赶到教室，却发现没有一个人在那里。[名师点津](1)在英语中，目的一般用不定式表示，不用“for＋动名词”这一形式。(2)不定式可以位于句首或句尾，表示目的，而分词无论位于句首或句尾，都不可用作目的状语，但可作时间、原因、条件、方式等状语。(3)当不定式的逻辑主语与句子的主语相一致时，inorderto可改为inorderthat引导的目的状语从句，soasto可改为sothat引导的目的状语从句。Hegotupearlyinordertocatchtheearlybus.＝Hegotupearlyinorderthathecouldcatchtheearlybus.他早早起床目的是赶上早班车。集中演练11－1.单句改错①Todrawmapsproperly,aspecialpenisneeded.a_special_pen_is_needed→you_need_a_special_pen②class.So_as_totime,ourteacherhasusdohalftheexercisesinclass.So_as_to→In_order_to③Inordertobenotpunished,shetoldalietoherparents.to_be_not→not_to_be④Inordernottosteal,themoneywasputinherpocket.steal→be_stolen⑤Hespokeveryslowlyofustofollowhim.of→for⑥Shehasphonedforsayingthatshewillresign.for_saying→to_say⑦Passingtheexam,heworkedhardathislessons.Passing→To_pass1－2.完成句子⑧他们早些出发是为了及时到达那里。Theystartedearlyin_order_to/so_as_to_get_thereintime.⑨快点以便上课不会迟到。Let'shurryso_as/in_order_not_to_be_late_forschool.⑩我停下车来休息一会儿，因为我感觉累了。Istoppedthecarto_take_a_short_breakasIwasfeelingtired.?我们都屏住呼吸以免被发现。Weallheldourbreathin_order_not_to_be_discovered．?我们吃饭是为了活着，而不是活着为了吃饭。Weeatto_livebutwedon'tliveto_eat．?他取来几个瓶子让Harry检查(inspect)。Hefetchedseveralbottlesfor_Harry_to_inspect．语法点二结果状语从句结果状语从句表示事情的结果，常置于主句之后，常用so...that...,such...that...,sothat三种形式来表示。1．so...that...句型(1)so＋adj./adv.＋that从句Theballstruckhimsohardthathenearlyfellintothewater.球重重地打在了他身上，使他几乎落到水里去。(2)so＋many/much(多)/little/few(少)＋名词＋that从句Thereweresofewgueststhatthehostfeltsad.宾客如此之少，主人很伤心。(3)so＋adj.＋a(n)＋单数可数名词＋that从句Itwassocoldadaythattheydecidedtostayathome.天气太冷了，他们决定待在家里。2．such...that...句型(1)such＋a(n)＋adj.＋单数可数名词＋that从句Tomwassuchanhonestboythathewaspraised.汤姆很诚实，受到了表扬。(2)such＋adj.＋复数/不可数名词＋that从句ItissuchniceweatherthatIwouldliketogotothebeach.天气如此之好，我想去海滩。[名师点津](1)so＋adj./adv.或such＋被修饰成分位于句首时，主句要部分倒装。SuchagoodbookisitthatIcan'thelpreadingitasecondtime.它是这么好的一本书以至于我禁不住又读了一次。(2)little当“小”讲时，应用such修饰。Heissuchalittleboythathecan'tunderstandthisword.他是如此小的一个男孩，以至于他不懂这个词的意思。3．sothat引导结果状语从句，译为“因此，结果就”，通常用逗号与主句隔开。Heworried,sothathecouldn'tsleep.他急得睡不着。集中演练22－1.完成句子①他进步很快，老师们对他很满意。Hemadesuch_great_progress_thattheteachersarepleasedwithhim.②他很好，大家都尊敬并爱戴他。Heisso_good_thateveryonelovesandrespectshim.③食物太少了，不是每个人都能吃到足够的食物。Therewasso_little_food_thateveryonedidn'thaveenoughtoeat.④我们立即付给他钱，因此他高兴地离开了。Wepaidhimimmediately,so_that_he_left_happily．⑤那是一个非常美好的日子，人人快乐高兴。Suchalovelydayis_it_thateverybodyisfeelinghappyandjoyful.2－2.一句多译⑥他是一个非常聪明的男孩，我们都喜欢他。⑥－1He's_so_clever_a_boy_that_we_all_like_him._⑥－2He's_such_a_clever_boy_that_we_all_like_him.⑦他所受教育很少，不适合做这份工作。⑦－1He_had_so_little_education_that_he_was_unfit_for_the_job.⑦－2So_little_education_did_he_have_that_he_was_unfit_for_the_job.[链接高考]单句语法填空1．(2015·北京高考)To_catch(catch)theearlyflight,weorderedataxiinadvanceandgotupveryearly.解析：句意：为了赶上早班的飞机，我们提前叫了出租车并且起得很早。这里逻辑主语是we，空中用不定式作目的状语，表示提前叫出租车并且早起的目的。2．(2015·福建高考)To_learn(learn)moreaboutChineseculture,JackhasdecidedtotakeChinesefolkmusicasanelectivecourse.解析：句意：为了更多了解到中国文化，杰克决定选择中国传统音乐作为选修课。这里是动词不定式形式的非谓语动词作目的状语。3．(2014·湖南高考)To_free(free)ourselvesfromthephysicalandmentaltensions,weeachneeddeepthoughtandinnerquietness.解析：句意：为了使自己从身心压力下解放出来，我们每个人都需要深入思考和内心的平静。所填词作目的状语，用动词不定式。4．(2014·重庆高考)Groupactivitieswillbeorganizedafterclassto_help(help)childrendevelopteamspirit.解析：句意：将组织各种团体活动以帮助儿童培养团队精神。培养团队精神是组织课外团体活动的目的。英语中表示“目的”时应当使用动词不定式。5．(2014·陕西高考)To_work(work)outthedifficultmathsproblem,IhaveconsultedProfessorRussellseveraltimes.解析：句意：为了解出那个数学难题，我去向Russell教授咨询过好几次。所填词作目的状语，用动词不定式。6．(2014·四川高考)—Ihopetotakethecomputercourse.—Goodidea.To_find(find)outmoreaboutit,visitthiswebsite.解析：此题考查动词不定式位于句首作目的状语，译为“为了……”。句意：“我希望参加电脑课程。”“好主意。为了获取更多有关的东西，(你)去访问一下这个网站。”7．(2014·浙江高考)Cathyhadquitherjobwhenhersonwasbornso_thatshecouldstayhomeandraiseherfamily.解析：句意：凯西在她儿子出生的时候辞掉了工作，以便她能够呆在家里养家。根据后文的情态动词“could”可以得出后面为目的，用sothat(为了，以便)来连接。8．(全国卷Ⅰ)TheweatherwassocoldthatIdidn'tliketoleavemyroom.解析：句意：天气那么冷我不想离开房间。so...that...“如此……以至于……”，so为副词，修饰形容词cold，故填so。9．(上海高考)TheGreatWallissuchawell-knowntouristattractionthatmillionsofpeoplepourineveryyear.解析：句意：长城是那么出名的景点以至于每年都有数以百万计的人涌来。such＋a/an＋形容词＋名词＋that...“如此……以至于……”。such为形容词，后边必须出现名词。10．(山东高考)Sosuddenwastheattackthattheenemyhadnotimetoescape.解析：考查so...that...句型，因为句中sudden是形容词，故用so而不是such，且若so,such和与其所修饰的词置于句首，主句要用部分倒装。[针对演练]Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Theyaresuchlittlechildrenthattheycannotunderstandwhatyousay.2．Suchfunnystoriesdidtheteachertellusthatwealllaughed.3．WithFather'sDayaroundthecorner,Ihavetakensomemoneyoutofthebankto_buy(buy)presentsformydad.4．Thereweremanytalentedactorsouttherejustwaitingto_be_discovered(discover)．5．Shanghaiissolargeacitythatwecanhardlyvisitallthebeautifulsceneryintwoorthreedays.6．Popmusicissuchanimportantpartofsocietythatithaseveninfluencedourlanguage.7．Theyaresostrongthattheycanmovethosebigstones.8．ThechildrentalkedsoloudlyatdinnertablethatIhadtoshoutto_be_heard(hear)．9．To_study(study)further,shewassentabroad.10．Wemustsendthesegiftsnowforourfriendsto_receive(receive)themintime.Ⅱ.完成句子1．Tom为了不丢掉工作而对此事保持沉默。Tomkeptquietin_order_not_to/so_as_not_tolosehisjob.2．这部电影如此有趣，所有孩子都喜欢看。Thefilmwasso_interesting_thatallthechildrenlikedit.3．据政府官员所说，更多的电视节目将会被制作，以提高人们对食品安全的关注。MoreTVprograms,accordingtogovernmentofficials，willbeproducedto_raise_people's_concernoverfoodsafety.4．汤姆是如此聪明的一个男孩以至于能回答这个问题。Tomisso_clever_a_boy/such_a_clever_boy_thathecananswerthequestion.5．请你说得大声点儿，以便我们能听得清楚。Pleasespeaklouderin_order_to/so_as_toletushearyouclearly.Ⅲ.短文改错Manager,IamanexchangestudentfromChina.Yeste