专转本英语历年真题

2001年江苏省普通高校“专转本”统一考试试卷大2002年江苏省普通高校“专转本”统一考试试卷大2003年江苏省普通高校“专转本”统一考试试卷大2004年江苏省普通高校“专转本”统一考试试卷大2005年江苏省普通高校“专转本”统一考试试卷大2006年江苏省普通高校“专转本”统一考试试卷大2007年江苏省普通高校“专转本”统一考试试卷大2008年江苏省普通高校“专转本”统一考试试卷大2009年江苏省普通高校“专转本”统一考试试卷大2010年江苏省普通高校“专转本”统一考试试卷大2011年江苏省普通高校“专转本”统一考试试卷大2012年江苏省普通高校“专转本”统一考试试卷大2013年江苏省普通高校“专转本”统一考试试卷大资料工本费：202001年江苏省普通高校“专转本”第Ⅰ卷（100分注意事2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。如PartIReadingDirections:Inthisparttherearefourpassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyanumberofcomprehensionquestions.Readthepassageandanswerthequestions.ThenmarkyouranswerbyblackeningthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheet.PassageQuestionslto5arebasedonthefollowingDoyouwanttosaywhatyouthinkinalettertothe oftheUnitedStates?You'llgetareplyfromhim-writteninink,nottyped-afteronlyafewdays. getsabout4,000letterseveryweek.HeanswerseveryonewhowritestohimonspecialWhiteHousePaper.Buthedoesn'tneedalotoftimeforit.Infact,heonlygives20minutesaweektolookingathis alcorrespondence.Hehasthemostmodernsecretaryinworldtohelphim.Hiscomputer,worth$800,000;whichhasitsownroomonthefirstflooroftheWhiteHouse.Ithasabankofelectronicpenswhichwritelikethe writes,inhisfavoritelightblueink.Eachletterthe receivesgetsanumber,accordingtothetypeofansweritneeds.Thepensthenwritethecorrectreplyforit,accordingtothenumber.Eachlettertakeslessthanasecondtowrite.AWhiteHouseofficialsaid,"It'snotimportantthattheletterscomefromacomputer.Eachlettersayswhatthe wantstosay. forareplyfrom Youhavetowaitalong B.YouhavetowaitatleastoneC.Youonlyhavetowaitseveral D.YouonlyhavetowaitafewThereplyfrom isalways B.isalwayswritteninC.isalways D.isalwayswrittenbyIttakesthecomputer towritetennomorethanten B.lessthantenC.alittlemorethanten D.atleastoneThecomputercanbedescribedas expensivebut B.heavyandC.possessingabeautifulhandwritingD. 'smostreliableItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat neverreadsanyletterswrittentohimbyordinary hiresaveryefficientsecretarytodealwithhisthedoesnotreallycareaboutthelettershereceiveseverytheisassuredthatthecomputerexpresseshisviewsinthePassageQuestions6to10arebasedonthefollowingInordertolearntobeone'strueself,itisnecessarytoobtainawideandextensiveknowledgeofwhathasbeensaidanddoneintheworld,criticallytoinquireintoit;carefullytoconsiderit;clearlytoyzeit;andearnestlytocarryitout.Itmattersnotwhatyoulearn,butwhenyouonceleamathing,youmustnevergiveitupuntilyouhavemasteredit.Itmattersnotwhatyouinquireinto,butwhenyouonceinquireintoathing,youmustnevergiveitupuntilyouhavethoroughlyunderstoodit.Itmattersnotwhatyoutrytothinkof,butwhenyouoncetrytothinkofathing,youmustnevergiveitupuntilyouhavegotwhatyouwant.Itmattersnotwhatyoutrytocarryout,butwhenyouoncetrytocarryoutathing,youmustnevergiveitupuntilyouhavedoneitthoroughlyandwell.Ifanothermansucceedsbyoneeffort,youwilluseahundredefforts.Ifanothermansucceedsbytenefforts,youwilluseaAccordingtotheauthor,firstofallonemust B. C.obtain D.Accordingtotheauthor, learningisnot B.knowledgemeansC.thinkingisnot D.itisnotimportantwhatweTheendoflearningshouldbe A. B. C. Accordingtotheauthor,anotherman'ssucceedsshould makegreater B.notbetakenintoC.makeus D.causeonetostopTheauthorimpliesbutdoesnotsaythat thewaytoknowledgeisthroughonehastoknoweverythingtobesuccessdependsnotsomuchonnaturalabilityasitdoesonsuccessinone'sprofessionisleastimportantinone'sPassageQuestionsl1to15arebasedonthefollowingAbout70millionAmericansaretryingtoloseweight.Thatisalmostloutofevery3peopleintheUnitedStates.Somepeoplegoondiets.Thismeanstheyeatlessofcertainfoods,especiallyfatsandsugars.Otherpeopleexercisewithspecialequipment,takedietpills,orevenhavesurgery.Losingweightishardwork,anditcanalsocostalotofmoney.SowhydosomanypeopleintheUnitedStateswanttoloseweight?ManypeopleintheUnitedStatesworryaboutnotlookingyoungandattractive.Formanypeople,lookinggoodalsomeansbeingOtherpeopleworryabouttheirhealth.Manydoctorssaybeingoverweightisnothealthy.ButareAmericansreallyAlmost30millionAmericansweighatleast20percentmorethantheiridealweight.Infact,theUnitedStatesisthemostoverweightcountryintheworld."ThestoredfatofadultAmericansweighs2.3trillionpounds,"saysUniversityofMassachusettsanthropologist(人类学家)GeorgeAmericans.Hesaysburningoffthatstoredenergywouldproduceenoughpowerfor900,000carstogo12,000 Losingweightishardwork,butmostpeoplewanttofindafastandeasywaytotakeofffat.Bookstoresselllotsofdietbooks.Thesebookslreadershowtoloseweight.Eachyear,dozensofnewhookslikethesearewritten.Eachoneboaststohelppeopletogetridoffat.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasawayoflosingToeatlessfatsand B.TotakemuchC.Tohave D.ToworkManyAmericansaretryingtoloseweightbecause theywanttolook B.theywanttokeepC.theyaremisledby D.bothAandThefiguresgiveninthethirdparagraphsuggestthat Americansaredependenton B.carsconsumealotofC.Americansneedlosing D.excessoffatcanbesourceofItcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraphthat diethooksarenotalways B.dietbooksareusuallyC.therearelotsofwaysoflosing D.bookstoresarekeetheirItcanbeconcludedfromthepassagethat peoplethinktoomuchoftheir B.thereisnotasurewayoflosingweightasC.surgeryisthefastestwayoflosing D.goingondietisasafewayoflosingPassageQuestions16to20arebasedonthefollowingIrecentlywroteanautobiographyinwhichIrecalledmanyoldmemories.Oneofthemwasfrommyschooldays,whenourninthgradeteacher,MissRaber,wouldpickoutwordsfromReadersDigesttotestourvocabulary.Today,morethan45yearslater,Ialwayscheckout"ItpaystoEnrichYourWordPower"firstwhentheDigestcomeseachmonth.Iamimpressedwiththatidea,wordpower.ReadersDigestknowsthepowerthatwordshavetomovepeopletoentertain,informandinspire.TheDigesteditorsknowthatthebigwordisn'talwaysthebestword.Takejustoneexample,aQuotableQuotefromtheFebruary1985issue:"Timeisayfulthing.Itslipsquicklyanddrinksthedaylikeabowlofmilk."Seventeenwords,onlytwoofthemmorethanonesyllable,yethowmuchtheyconvey!That'susuallyhowitiswithReadersDigest.Thesmallandsimplecanbeprofound.AschairmanofafoundationtorestoretheStatueofLiberty,I'vebeenmakingalotofspeecheslay.Itrytokeepthemfairlyshort.Iusesmallbutvividwords:wordslike"hoe","guts","faith"and"dreams".ThosearewordsthatmovepeopleandsaysomuchaboutthespiritofDon'tgetmewrong.I'mnotagainstusingbigwords,whenitisrighttodoso,butIhavealsolearnedthatasmallwordcanworkasmallmiracle-ifit'stherightword,intherightce,attherighttime.It'sa"secret"thatIhopeIwillneverforget.Thepassageismainlyabout oneofthemanyold B.usingsimplewordstoexpressprofoundC.ReadersDigestandschool D.howtomakeeffectiveItseemsthatReader'sDigestisamagazinepopularwith peopleofall B.C.school D.elderlyTheexampletheauthorgivesinthesecondparagraphmightmean onespendshisdayyinganddon'twasteyourtimeasonetimeslipseasilyifyoudon'tmakegooduseoftimeisjustlikedrinkingmilkfromaTheauthor's"secret"is toavoidusingbigwordsatanytousewordsthathavethepowertomovetoworkamiraclebyusingasmalltousesmallandsimplewordswhereAccordingtotheauthor,well-chosenwordscangivepeople hope,courage,and B.confidence,determination,andC.pleasure,knowledge,and D.entertainment,information,andDirections:Thereare40 pletesentencesinthispart.ForeachsentencetherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.ChoosetheONEanswerthatbestcompletesthesentence.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheetwithasinglelinethroughthecenter.It'sstillearlyinthemorning.Thereisn't intheA. B. C. D.any isnotknownwhattheydiscussedintheA. B. C. D.Thesadnewsbrokeher andshehasbeengloomyeverA. B. C. D.Heis muchofagentlemantoA. B. C. D.Notuntilthisterm torealizehowimportantthissubjectistohisfuturecareerasahe B.didheC.hehas D.thathehas whowouldliketogoonthetripshouldputtheirnamesontheA. B. C. D.TheAbottleweightslessafterairistakenout, provesthatairhasA. B. C. D.Howlong yousupposedidit B.doyousupposeitC.didyousupposeit D.yousupposeitSmithhadsometrouble theman'sto B.C.for D.withThenextfewdayscouldbe forthepeace B. C. D.He quitealotwhenhewasusedto B.usedtoC.wasusedto D.wouldusetoYou me ephonenumberincasesomeonewantstocontacthadbetter B.hadbetterC.hadbetterto D.hadbetterMaryusedto theroomwithA. B. C. D."Mustwehandinourexercise-booksnow?""No,you A. B. C. D.Shepulledawayfromthewindow anyoneshouldseeA. B.even C. D.onlyNota hasbeenfoundsofarthatcanhelpthefindtheA. B. C. D.Shewouldmakeateacherfarsuperior theA. B. C. D.Radioisdifferent evisionin itsendsandreceivesA. B. C. D.TomandJackhavereturnedbut studentsofthegrouphaven'tcomebackA. B.the C. D.It halfayearsincewe tostudyinthisis; B.is;haveC.hasbeen; D.hasbeen;haveThefactthatsomethingischeapdoesn't meanitisoflowA. B. C. D.Theysetoffbycarand thenearestA.made B.made C.made D.madeTakethisbaggageand youcanfindenoughputit B.putitinC.putitat D.putitHedoesn'twant thathe'sgoingtobe B.himtobeC.thattobe D.ittobeThenoisearoundwasterrible,butIhadto keepaway B.keepupC.live D.liveHe thathisguestswerebored,althoughtheywerelisteningpoliA. B. C. D.OnSundaysIprefer athometo tostay; B.stay;C.staying; D.staying;I'dliketowritetohim,butwhat'sthe ?HeneverwritesA. B. C. D.Therewere opinionsastothebestlocationforthenewA. C. D. bythenewsofhisfather'sdeath,hecouldhardlyutteraA.Tobe B. C.To D. ,we'dbettermakesomechangesintheThatisthe B.ThattobetheC.Thatbeenthe D.ThatbeingtheTheyhaveequippedtheofficewiththe A. B. C. D.ThefoundthatGeorgehadstillanother A. B. C. D.Anopen-mindedteacherdoesn'talways onesingleteachingA.set B.take C.take D.stickMuchtothestudent's ,theexamwasA. B. C. D.Childrennormallyfeelalotof abouttheirfirstdayatA. B. C. D.Theweatherwas hotthatshedecidedtohavethebarber herrather;to B.so;C.muchtoo; D.too;She meetherformerinstructoronthe B.happenedC.pleased D.tendedJustasnotwowordsaretrulysynonymous. notwodifferentexpressionscanmeanexactlythesamething.A. B. C. D.Thenewengineer'ssuggestionswere intherevisedA. B. C. D.PartIIIDirections:Thereare20blanksinthefollowingpassage.ForeachblanktherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.YoushouldchoosetheONEthatbestfitsintothepassage.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheetwithasinglelinethroughthecenter.Otherexperimentshaveshown61thebrainneedstimeto"digest"62hasbeenlearned.Thetimenecessary63thisis5to10minutes.Afterabreakofthisperiodoftimethememorywillhave64whathasjustbeenlearnt,andmorewillberemembered.Duringthisbreak,65isimportanttoexercisetherightsideofthebrain,66theleftsideisusedduringalearningperiod.67youshouldrelaxinsomeway.68music,breathinginfreshair,and69atapicture,areallwaysofusing70sideofthebrain.A. B. C. D.A. B. C. D.A. B. C. D.A. B. C. D.A. B. C. D.A.because B.due C. D.just67.A.SoB.NowC.D.68.A.C.D.Listening69.A.B.C.toD.70.A.B.theC.D.Historianscan't luswhen,whereor71thefirstfoodwascooked.Inearliest72whenpeoplehadeatentheirfood73,anfirewasusedonlytoprovideheatandlight.Thefirstprimitivecookswere74women,75preparingfoodandmakingclothingwereconsideredwomen'swork.76mostofthegreatchefsinhistoryhavebeenmen.Thismighthavebeenbecausechefslearned77workinthekitchensofrichfamilies78inrestaurantsandwomendidn'toftentakejobsoutsidetheirhomes,oritmighthavebeenbecausekitchenequipmentwassoheavyanddifficulttoworkwith79onlystrongmencoulddoit.Inmodemtimes,greatfemalechefshave eknown,andsomeofthebestcookbooks80byA. B. C. D.A. B. C. D.A. B.being C. D.tobeA. B. C. D.A. B. C.so D.A. B. C. D.A. B. C. D.A.as B. C. D.A. B. C. D.A.havewrittenB.havebeen C.were D.are第二卷（30分Directions:Completeeachofthefollowingsentenceswiththeproperwordderivedfromtheonegiveninthebracket.Motherwillneed (add)helpwhiletherearesomanyHisface (dark)withangerwhenheheardthebadManypeoplekeeptheir (save)inDon'ttaketheboatoutinthis (storm)Thesestudiesgive (leading)resultsbecausetheyhaven'tlookedatenoughSmokingduringpregnancycould (danger)yourbaby'sBecauseofher (refuse)toprovidetheinformation,IhadtoabandontheMyparentswillhe (disappoint)withmeifIfailtheHeisardently (act)forthecauseofenvironmentalThesingergavean (accept)performance,butitwasnotPartⅤSentenceDirections:PuttheunderlinedpartineachsentenceintoEnglish.SectionA他全神贯注在工作上thathedidn'thearanybodyknockingatthe这条河从前是干净的butithasgotpollutedsincethechemicalntwasIfheisnotattheoffice,就一定在别的什么地方。我刚才还看见过他只要照着告诉你的做，everythingwillbe那个工厂的问题ishowtoimprovethequalityof事实上直到读了你的信thatIknewthetruestateofIfyouwantpassyourexams,你就得集中精力提高昕的技能Shedidnotaskabouthisname,以后也没有再遇见过他我认为对那场事故负有责任。Itwasduetohiscarelessnessthatitall我们到达那里时又累又饿，andworstofallwecouldn'tfindanySectionDirections:Puttheunderlinedpartineachsentence EachtimeIsawMrs.Smith,ImistookherforLauraastheylookverymuchWhensheheardtheringing,Lucyrosefromherchairandmadeherwaytothedoor,whileherhusbandsatrootedinhisIalwaystookitforgrantedthattheywouldsucceedintheirGivenbetterinstructions,thewatermelonscouldhavegrownIdon'tthinkyoushouldactonhisadviceimmediaThetrainwasheldupbythestorm,thuscausingtheHethoughtthatthebadworkingconditionswouldresultinthestrikeoftheThenormaltemperatureforahumanbeingisabout37℃,nomatterinwhatpartoftheworldheWheninRomedoastheRomeAlbertEinsteinwillalwaysberememberedasthefounderoftheTheoryofthePartIReading参考答案B详细解答B参考答案C详细解答C。由第一节第二句可知参考答案CC。由“Everylettertakeslessthanasecondtowrite．”参考答案AA参考答案D详细解答D参考答案C详细解答C。由“it’snecessarytoobtainawideandextensiveknowledgeofwhathasbeensaidanddoneinthe参考答案DD。由第二节第一句可知参考答案BB。由“youmustnevergiveitupuntilyouhavemasteredit”参考答案C详细解答C。第三节意在告诉人们，不要去看别人的成功，重要的是自己付出艰苦的努力。10.参考答案：C详细解答：C。最后一节主要讨论勤奋。D详细解答D参考答案DD。由第二节“aboutnotlookingyoungandattractive"和"abouttheirhealth”可知参考答案：C详细解答：C。由第三节第一句可知，很多人都超出理想体重参考答案：A详细解答：A。减肥是艰难的工程，但很多人都想通过一种又快又容易的方法，减肥方面的书因此畅销书参考答案BB。因为减肥尚无定法，所以很多人都相信书店里减肥方面的书B详细解答B参考答案：A详细解答：A。该很讲究用词，甚至小学教师都拿它来作为典范，可知各种人群都很喜欢它参考答案CC。“时间是个顽皮的东西。它稍纵即逝，像喝牛奶一样吞掉每一天。参考答案DD参考答案DD。由第二节第三句可知参考答案： 详细解答：A。否定句中用anyone，表示“任何人”参考答案： 详细解答：D。固定句式参考答案： 详细解答：D。固定短语，breakone′sheart，义为“伤了的心”参考答案： 详细解答：D。too…to…结构参考答案B详细解答B。Notuntil开头的句型主句主谓倒装参考答案AA。定语从句所修饰的中心词是主句主语参考答案AA。定语从句所修饰的中心词是主句主语参考答案： 详细解答：B。doyousuppose是插入语参考答案：B详细解答：B。固定短语，have ngsth.，为“做某事有之义”CC。critical为“关键的”之义参考答案AA。usedtodosth．，义为“过去常常做某事”参考答案：A详细解答：A。hadbetter后接动词D详细解答D。share，表示“共用”之义参考答案： 详细解答：C。needn′t表示“不需要”之义参考答案AA。lest为“防止”之义，eventhough为“即便”之义，unless为“除非”之义onlyif为“只有当”义参考答案：B详细解答：B。需要寻找的是“线索”参考答案DD。固定短语superiorto，义为“优于”BB。inthat表示“在于”AA。后接名词，用otherC详细解答C。固定句型，主句用现在完成时，since引导的从句中用过去时参考答案AA。necessarily为“必要地”之义，especially为“特别地”之义，essentially为“根本上地”，practically参考答案AA。makefor为“前往”之义参考答案DD参考答案DD。it参考答案CC。livewith为“共同生存”之义，keepawayfrom为“远离”之义，keepupwith为“赶上”之义，liveon为“靠某物生存”之义。参考答案：B详细解答：B。他“”他的客人觉得无聊参考答案：C详细解答：C。固定句型 ng ng参考答案CC。point为“点，目的”之义参考答案：B详细解答：B。关于新学校的选址，有“互相的”意见BB参考答案DD。独立主格结构，主语接分词参考答案：C详细解答：C。他们给配备了“的”商业机器参考答案：B详细解答：B。发现他还有另一个收入“来源”参考答案：D详细解答：D。setaside为“留出”之义，takeover为“接管，”之义，takeon为“呈现”之义，stickto为“坚参考答案CC。让那个学生“松了一口气”的是，考试延期了参考答案A详细解答A。学生通常在第一天上学时会感到“焦虑”参考答案：B详细解答：B。so…that…义为“如此……而……”，havesb．dosth．义为“让做某事”参考答案B详细解答：B。delightedto为“很高兴做某事”之义，happento义为“恰好做某事”之义，pleasedto为“乐意做某事”之义，tendto为“倾向于做某事”之义。D详细解答D。固定句型“justas…so...”，义为“正如……，……也”参考答案： PartIII参考答案AA。that参考答案CC。定语修饰语在从句中作主语参考答案B详细解答：B。for参考答案DD。attract义为“吸引”，add义为“增加”，bring义为“带来”，absorb义为“吸收”参考答案B详细解答：B。it指代后面从句参考答案C详细解答：C参考答案DD参考答案DD。听音乐：listentomusic参考答案AA。并列结构，同样用分词BB。大脑只有两边，所以用theotherCChowBrliesttimes为“最早的年代”参考答案：A详细解答：A。很早时人们吃“没有煮”食物CC。作者根据下半句的内容推测如此BB。since表示“既然”参考答案：A详细解答：A。最早的厨师可能是女人，“但是”历史上绝大多数的名厨都是C详细解答C。厨师们学习“他们的”厨艺参考答案： D详细解答Dso…that…_参考答案： 详细解答：B。用现在完成时态PartⅣ1.additional2. 3.savings4.stormy5.6.endanger7.refusal8.disappointed9. 10.PartⅤSentenceCompletionSectionAHewassoabsorbedinhisThisriverusedtobeveryhemusthavebeensomewhereelseforIsawhimjustAslongasyouactonwhatItoldTheproblemthefactoryisItwasnotuntilIhadreadyouryou'dbetterconcentrateonimprovingyourlisteningnordidshemeethimIthinkthedriverwasresponsiblefortheWhenwearrivedtherewewereexhaustedandSection导致了工人的不管人们世界的哪个角落将作为相对论的创立者们铭记2002年江苏省普通高校“专转本”第Ⅰ卷（100分注意事2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。PartIReadingComprehensionDirections:Inthisparttherearefourpassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyanumberofcomprehensionquestions.Readthepassageandanswerthequestions.ThenmarkyouranswerbyblackeningthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheet.PassageInWashingtonD.C.,1600PennsylvaniaAvenueisaveryspecialaddress.ItistheaddressoftheWhiteHouse,thehomeoftheoftheUnitedStates.OriginallytheWhiteHousewasgrayandwascalledthe ialPalace.Itwasbuiltfrom1792to1800.Atthistime,thecityofWashingtonitselfwasbeingbuilt.Itwastobethenation'snewcapitalcity.GeorgeWashington,thefirst ,andPierreCharlesL'Enfant,aFrenchengineer,chosetheceforthenewcity.L'Enfantthennnedthecity.The 'shomewasanimportantpartofthen.Acontestwasheldtopickadesignfor 'shome.AnarchitectnamedJamesHobanwon.Hedesignedalargethree-storyofgrayWashingtonneverlivedinthe ialPalace.Thefirst tolivetherewasJohnAdams,thesecond oftheUnitedStates,andhiswife.Mrs.Adamsdidnotreallylikehernewhouse.Inherletters,sheoftencominedaboutthecold.Fiftyfireceswerenotenoughtokeepthehousewarm.In1812theUnitedStatesandBritainwenttowar.In1814theBritishinvadedWashington.Theyburnedmanybuildings,includingtheialPalace.AfterthewarJamesHoban.theoriginalarchitect,partiallyrebuiltthe 'shome.Tocoverthemarksofthefire,thebuildingwaspaintedwhite.BeforelongitbecameknownastheWhiteHouse.TheWhiteHouseisoneofthemostpopulartouristattractionsintheUnitedStates.Everyyearmorethanl.5millionvisitorsgothroughthefiveroamsthatareopentothepublic.TheWhiteHousewasbuiltinWashington becauseaFrenchengineerwasinvitedtodesign GeorgeWashingtonlikedtoliveinbecausetheBritishinvaderslivedinitin1812-becauseitwastobethenation'scapital ialPalacewas paintedgrayand B.madeofgrayC.madeofwhite D.madeverywarminThe'shomeandthecityofWashingtonwere builtbytheAmerican B.builtbytheBritishC.nnedbyGeorge D.nnedbytheTheoriginalhomeoftheneededtoberebuilt becauseJohnAdams'wifedidnotlikebecauseitwascoldinwinterevenwith50firebecauseithadburneddownduringthebecauseGeorgeWashingtonwasnotwillingtoliveinThenewialhomewaspaintedwhiteto coverthemarksof B.attracttouristsfromC.topleaseMrs.John D.keepitwarminPassageTherearetwokindsofmemory:short-termandlong-term.Informationinlongtermmemorycanberememberedatalatertimewhenitisneeded.Theinformationmaybekeptfordaysorweeks.However,informationinshort-termmemoryiskeptforonlyafewseconds,usuallybyrepeatingtheinformationoverandover.Thefollowingexperimentshowshowshort-termmemoryhasbeenstudied,HenningstudiedhowstudentswhoarelearningEnglishasasecondlanguagevocabulary.Thesubjectsinhisexperimentwere75collegestudents.TheyrepresentedalllevelsofabilityinEnglish:beginning,intermediate,advanced,andnative-speakingstudents.Tobegin,thesubjectslistenedtoarecordingofanativespeakerreadingaparagraphinEnglish.Followingtherecording,thesubjectstooka15-questiontesttoseewhichwordstheyremembered.Eachquestionhadfourchoices.Thesubjectshadtocirclethewordtheyhadheardintherecording.Someofthequestionshadfourchoicesthatsoundalike.Forexample,weather,whether,wither,andwetterarefourwordsthatsoundalike.Someofthequestionshadfourchoicesthathavethesamemeaning.Method,way,manner,andsystemwouldbefourwordswiththesamemeaning.Finallythesubjectstookalanguageproficiencytest,HenningfoundthatstudentswithalowerproficiencyinEnglishmademoreoftheirmistakesonwordsthatsoundalike;studentswithahigherproficiencymademoreoftheirmistakesonwordsthathavethesamemeaning.Henning'sresultssuggestthatbeginningstudentsholdthesoundofwordsintheirshort-termmemory,whileadvancedstudentsholdthemeaningofwordsintheirshort-termmemory.Henningmadetheexperimentinordertostudy howstudentsrememberEnglishvocabularybyshort-termhowstudentslearnEnglishhowtodevelopstudents'abilityinhowlonginformationinshort-termmemoryisWhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtotheInformationinshorttermmemoryisdifferentfromthatinlong-termLong-termmemorycanbeachievedonlybyItiseasiertotestshort-termmemorythanlong-termHenninggaveaseparatetestonvocabularytohisFromHenning'sresultswecanseethat beginnershavedifficultydistinguishingthepronunciationofadvancedstudentsrememberwordsbytheiritisdifficulttorememberwordsthatsounditisdifficulttorememberwordsthathavethesameTheword"subject"inthepassagemeans thecollegecoursethestudents B.thethemeofthelisteningC.abranchofknowledge D.thestudentexperimentedThepassagecenterson A. B.twokindsof C.short-term D.anexperimentonPassageThecowboyistheheroofmanymovies.Heis,eventoday,asymbolofcourageandadventure.ButwhatwasthelifeofthecowboyThecowboy'sjobisclearfromthewordcowboy.Cowboysweremenwhotookcareofcowsandothercattle.ThecattlewereintheandinTexas.PeopleinthecitiesoftheEastwantedbeeffromthesecattle.Trainscouldtakethecattleeast,Butfirstthecattlehadtogettothetrains.Partofthecowboy'sjobwastotakethecattlehundredsoftotherailroadtowns.Thetripswerecalledcattledrives.Acattledriveusuallytookseveralmonths.Cowboysrodeforsixteenhoursaday.Becausetheyrodesomuch,eachcowboybroughtalongabouteighthorses.Acowboychangedhorsesseveraltimeseachday,Thecowboyshadtomakesurethatthecattlearrivedsafely.Beforestartingonadrive,thecowboysbrandedthecattle.Theyburnedamarkonthecattletoshowwhotheybelongedto.Butthesemarksdidn'tstoprustlers,orcattlethieves,Cowboyshadtoprotectthecattlefromrustlers.Rustlersmadethedangeroustripevenmoredangerous.Eventhoughtheirworkwasverydifficultanddangerous,cowboysdidnotearnmuchTheywerepaidbadly.Yetcowboyslikedtheirwayoflife.Theylivedinawildandopencountry.Theylivedalifeofadventure Acowboyisasymbolof courageand B.ahardlifeandbigC.moviesinthe D.cowsandotherThecowboys'jobwas tobeaheroinreal B.tobeaherooftheC.totakecareof D.tobeadangerousDuringacattledrive,cowboystookagroupofcowsfromawildandopencountryto theWeststatesand B.thecitiesoftheEastC.thepeoplewhoeatbeefinthe D.therailroadtowns Ontheirwayofcattledrives,thecowboysprotectedthecattleby burningamarkontheir B.keeaneyeoncattleC.makingthetripmore D.lookingaftereightcowsCowboysenjoyedthemselvesbecause theylikedtheirwayof B.theymadealotofC.theyhadaverydifficult D.theywereheroesinPassageSuccessfulinnovationshavedrivenmanyoldertoextinctionandhaveresultedinhigherproductivity,greaterconsumptionofenergy,increaseddemandforrawmaterials,acceleratedflowofmaterialsthroughtheeconomyandincreasedtiesofmetalsandothersubstancesinuseeach .Thehistoryofindustrialdevelopmentaboundswithexamples.In1870,horsesandmulesweretheprimesourceofpoweronU.S.farms.Onehorseormulewasrequiredtosupportfourhumanbeings-aratiothatremainedalmostconstantformanydecades.Atthattime,hadanationalcommissionbeenaskedtoforecastthehorseandthepopulationfor1970,itsanswerprobablywouldhavedependedonwhetheritsconsultantswereofaneconomicortechnologicalturnofmind.Hadtheybeen"economists",theywouldprobablyhaveprojectedthe1970horseormulepopulationtobemorethan50million,Hadtheybeen"technologists",theywouldhaverecognizedthatthepowerof hadalreadybeenharnessedtoindustryandtolandandoceantransport.Theywouldhaverecognizedfurtherthatitwouldbetheprimesourceofpoweronthefarm.Itwouldhavebeendifficultforthemtoavoidtheconclusionthatthehorseandmulepopulationwoulddeclinerapidly.Accordingtothepassage,whatdmostofthepoweronU.S.farmsin B. C. D.WhichofthefollowingisnotmentionedbytheauthorasaconsequenceofnewtechnologicalOlderdie B.ThequalityoflifeisC.Overallproductivity D.MorerawmaterialshecomeItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatby1870 technologybegantobemore enginehadbeentheU.S.horsepopulationwasabout10anationalcommissiononagriculturehadbeenInthesecondparagraph,theauthorsuggeststhat"economists"could ntheeconomythroughyearlyfailtoconsidertheinfluenceoftechnologicalvaluetheeconomiccontributionoffarmconsultthenationalcommissionontheWhatistheauthor'sattitudetowardchangesbroughtonbytechnologicalHeisexcitedabout B.HeacceptsthemasC.Heisdisturbedby D.HequestionstheirDirections:Thereare40 pletesentencesinthispart.ForeachsentencetherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.ChoosetheONEanswerthatbestcompletesthesentence.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheetwithasinglelinethroughthe thedifficultiesassociatedwiththeproject,we'llgoonwithA. B.Inspite C.Thanks D.BecauseItwasalmostdarkinthestreets afewverypowerfulA. B.but C. 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D. fromspace,ourearth,withwatercovering70%ofitssurface,appearsasa"blueA. B.Tobe C. D.HavingThisyear'stotaloutputvalueofindustryandagriculturewillincrease 5percentoverlastA. B. C. D.Maryisthetopstudentintheclass.Shestudiesharder thanany B.thanalltheC.thananyotherstudentD.thansomeotherManypeoplehaveappliedforthe A. B. C. D.Mynewshoescostme50yuan(RMB).Thepricewas thatofthelastpairIboughtamonthtwotimemore B.twiceasmuchC.as D.asmuchasAlmosteveryonefailed onthefirstpasshisdriving B.tohavepassedhisdrivingC.topasshisdriving D.passinghisdrivingOverthetraditionalfestivalpeoplevisiteachotherand A. B. C. D.Itwas becausehewastiredoutthathefellasleepstandingA. B. C. D.Theyoungmanwasaccusedof theladyofherA. B. C. D.NomatterwhereourPartyneedsus,wewill hergiveanswer B.respondC.haveresponse D.answerItisastonishingthat ofyourinligence becheatedsoA. B. C. D.Wewerecompley whenwefinallyreachedtheA.worn B.won C