2021年上海市崇明区高考英语二模试卷

2021年海崇区考语模卷Ⅰ：InA，willtenAtendofabeaboutwhatwasThebeonce.youaandabouttheonpaper，whichisbesttoyou

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Inahotel.Inaclinic.Inauniversity.2(★★★)1分）A.Atoydesigner.B.Ashopassistant.C.Atrainconductor.D.Aschoolteacher.3

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Frank.B.Aggressive.C.Inconsiderate.D.Responsible.4

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Theirphysicsclass.B.Correctingamistake.C.Themid-termexam.D.Findingaprivateteacher.5

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Takealatertrain.B.tothecityonweekdays.C.Waitanother20minutes.D.Checktheweekendschedule.6(★★★)1分）A.doesn'tlikeshopping.B.doesn'twanttoattendtheC.HissuitfitsJameswell.D.Hissuitistoooldtowear.7

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Shecanhelpthemantomorrow.B.Themanshouldleavethelibrary.C.Thelibrarywillhiremorepeople.D.It'snormalforthatperiodoftime.

8(★★★)1分）A.Workasanadviserfortheclub.B.Asktheprofessortotheclub.C.Introducetheprofessorthewoman.D.Advisethewomanjointhebiologydepartment.9

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Herbrotherdoesn'twanttransfer.B.Shedoesn'tthinkherbrothershouldtransfer.C.Herbrotheristryingtalkwithher.D.She'stalkedtoherbrothersincehetransferred.10

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）A.ThelikesDr.White'slessons.B.Themanhasdroppedthecourse.C.Thewomancanskiptheexperiments.D.Thewomanhascontinuethecourse.：InBwilltwooneor，willaskedandbetwicethebeonce.youa，fouronyourpaperwhichisbesttohave11

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A.Sixty-onepercentoftheworld'siswastedeveryyear.B.Wastedfoodismostlyfromstoresandfoodservicecompanies.C.Foodwasteismoreseriousinrichcountriesinpoorcountries.D.Lackofcoldstoragethemaincauseofwasteinpoorcountries.2

A.Cuttingfoodprices.B.Stoppingthedestructionofnature.C.Eliminatingstarvation.D.Lesseningcarbondioxideemissions.3

A.Improperwaysofmanufacturingfood.B.Highfrequencyoffoodpromotion.C.Unclearinstructionsonfoodcontainers.D.Lackofdeadlinesforfoodconsumption.12

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A.Reducingtheworkinghoursoffooddeliveryriders.B.Classingfooddeliveryriderscompany-employed.C.Ensuringtheusenewtechnologyinfooddelivery.D.Definingthedutiesfoodcompaniesandriders.2）A.Toensuretheriders'rights.B.publicizethedigitalprocesses.

C.promotethedigitaleconomy.D.improvefooddeliveryservice.3）A.Itlowerstheriders'pay.B.restrictscustomers'freedom.C.reducesthenumberofriders.D.harmsintellectualpropertyrights.13

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A.Theircollectionsalbums.B.Theirdifferenthabitsofenjoyingmusic.C.Thelivingofmusicians.D.Thevariousmeansofstreamingmusic.2

A.Theyaresharedtoowidely.B.Theyharmtherightsofmusiclovers.C.Theyignorethepopularsongs.D.Theyonlyfocusonapartofalbum.3

A.avoidadvertisements.B.listentomusicofhigherquality.C.accessbetterplaylists.D.savestoragespacethephone.4

A.getfreequalitysongs.B.enjoymusicconveniently.C.valuetheworkofmusicians.D.communicatewithmusicfans.Ⅱ.GrammarandVocabularySectionADirectionspassagebelow，inblanksmakeandtheagivenword，fillineachwithformtheother，useonebestfitseach14(★★（10分）PhotographersTurnTheirCamerasPetsIn2019photographersKendrickBrinsonandDavidWalterBanksvisitedcountriesonassignment.Whenthecoupledescribedtheadventures

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that/which22

theyhadexperiencedphotographing,peopleinvariablyasked,"Butwhotakescareofyourfourcatsand时看护的人）madealotofmoney.

"TheyjokedthepetsitterBut2020couldn'thavebeen

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moredifferent

different

.DueCOVID-19

BrinsonandBanksneverlefttheUnitedStates.Often,theydidn'tevenleavetheirLosAngelesneighborhood.

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Insteadof/Ratherthanspendinglonghoursinairportsecuritylinesandwaitingfortheperfectlighting,thepairstayedalongwithdogsTuxandTiacatsRexandKudzu."Ourpetsbecameemotionaltherapyanimals,andouronlyfriendswecouldsafelyhuginaworld4）struck/stricken

strikebyadeadlypandemic

流行病Bankssaid.AsCOVID-19lockdownssweptacrosstheworldinMarchof2020

thechangemade

anespeciallygreatimpactonphotographers,areaccustomedto

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spending

spendlongperiodsabroad.Andsomanycameras（6wereturnedturn）onadomesticsubjectthepet.Researchsuggeststhatpetshaveofferedemotionalsupportduringthepandemic,helping

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to

make

make

thedaysofisolationmorebearable,saysEmilyMcCobb,aclinicalassociateprofessoratCummingsSchoolVeterinaryMedicineatTuftsUniversity.Infact,thepandemichasspedupatrend,accordingtoMcCobb'sandotherscientists'observation,

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that

thepetisbecomingamemberoffamily."Inpastto30years,theroleofthepetinthefamily（）hastakentakeonawholerole,"saysMcCobb."Itreallyhasn'tbeenthatlong

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sincethesefurrychildsubstitutesgainedthiskindofimportanceinAmericansociety."：Fillineachwithachosenfromthebox.wordcanbeonlythatiswordthanyouneed.15

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A.vacantB.raisedC.acknowledgesD.quotedE.alertsF.colonialG.housedH.formerI.recommendationsJ.requestsK.reviewsMuseumsRethinkWhattowithTheirAfricanArtCollectionsRecently,discussionishappeninginmuseumsaroundtheworldoverthevolumeofAfricanarttheircollections.OfficialsinGermanyandtheNetherlandshaveannouncedplanstoreturnartartifactstakenfromAfricaduringtheperiod.AndmoremuseumstaffmeetingontopicacrossEurope.

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FAccordingtothemostcommonly2）DfiguresfromUNESCO（UnitedNationsEducational,ScientificandCulturalOrganization

90%to95%ofsub-Saharanculturalartifactsare

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outsideAfrica.ManyweretakenforceagoendedupinmuseumsacrossEuropeandNorthAmerica.AttheAfricaMuseuminBelgium,directorGuidoGryseelssays85percentofthemuseum'scollectioncomesfromtheCongo-thesiteofBelgium's

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HcolonyinCentralAfrica.Fordecades,Congoleseleadershaveaskedfortheseobjectstobereturned.Mostoftheir（5）andthosebyAfricancountriestoothermuseums,havebeenButrecenteventsEuropehave

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thepossibilityofreturnsatamuchlargerscale.InadditiontotheplansannouncedinGermany,lastyearFranceconductedstudyofhowmuchAfricanartFrenchmuseumsareholdingandmadeIaboutwhattowithit

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Thestudyrecommendedthereturnofawiderangeofobjectstakenbyforce.Thesuggestiongotmixed8KinFrance,wherethereareleast90000AfricanitemsinInFrance,somepeoplehavesuggestedreturnscouldleaveshelves

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AinFrenchmuseums.GdeileFromont,aFrenchhistorianofCentralAfricanart,saysthat'snotgoingtohappen.Onewaythinkingaboutit,shesays,isthatmoreAfricanartondisplay.

However,GuidoGryseelsoftheAfricaMuseuminBelgium

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thatattitudesarechanging.Hesayshe'sindiscussiontheCongotoreturnworks.Ⅲ.Reading：eachintheareormarkedBCandD.inblanktheorbestthe16

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Around13

000yearsagoNorthAmericahadwidervarietyofmammals

乳动物thanmodernAfrica.Thereweremultiplehorsespecies,camelsandnow-extinctanimals.Andsuch）BcreatureswerenotjustfoundinNorthAmerica.everycontinentmammalsonaveragewerealotlargerfromaround2.5millionuntilabout11

700yearsScientistslongdebatedwhatcausedalltheselargecreaturestogoextinctwhilemanyofthesmaller

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A.AofresearchersledbiologistFelisaSmithanalyzedevidencefromofyears'worthofmammalianextinctionsandfoundthatoneachcontinentlargemammalsstartedto3）Daroundthetimehumansfirstshowedup.Iftheextinctiontrendcontinues,manymorelargemammalswillsoondisappearaswell,astheprimarythreatsfromhumanshave

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Dfromoverhuntingindirectprocessessuchashabitatloss.theirnewstudySmithandherteamanalyzedadatabaseofallmammalsthatlivedfrom65millionyearsagountiltoday."Wefound（5Anoeffectofclimateonmammalianextinctionover65millionyears,"shesays.Butstartingaround125000yearsagoandcontinuinguntiltoday,largemammalshavebeenmorelikelytogoextinctthansmallerones,theresearchersfound.Theaverage

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Cofsurvivingmammalshasdecreasedasaresult.Andthoselarge-mammalextinctionsaretightlycoupledwiththe

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Bofhumans.Formostmammalian

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history,ananimal'ssizewasnotpredictiveofextinctionrisk.

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onlyappearedoncehumansbegantolivealongsidelargemammals.Thisfindingdoesnotmeanclimate-relatedchangescouldnothave10）somewildlifepopulations,enablinghumanstomoreeasilybringabouttheir

Beventualdownfall,

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itsuggeststhegreaterlikelihoodoflargemammalsgoingextinctistiedtohumanactivities.Theanimalsthatevolvedwithouttheriskofhuntingfromhumanswerefacedwithanew

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.Theysimplycouldnot

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fastenoughtosurvivetheinvasionofhumans.Smithsaysthelessontobelearnedfromthenewfindingsisthatourancestorspreparedustobeextremelyskillfulkillers."What's

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now,"shesays,"isthatsomeofusarecomfortableenough,haveahighenoughstandardofliving,thatwecanstartthinkingaboutourofdieEarth."Ratherthansimplybehavingas

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manyofusarenowinpositiontobecomeenvironmentalprotectors.

1）A.smartB.massiveC.marineD.ancient2

A.survivedB.shrankC.escapedD.returned3）A.hideawayB.makeoffC.breakupD.dieout45

A.fadedB.restoredC.improvedD.expandedA.absolutelyB.predictablyC.exclusivelyD.potentially6）A.weightB.speedC.sizeD.appetite7

A.productionB.appearanceC.explorationD.cruelty8）A.recordedB.contemporaryC.evolutionaryD.ancient9

A.linkB.contactC.adaptationD.distinction101112

A.enlargedB.stressedC.impressedD.dominatedA.MoreoverB.OtherwiseC.MeanwhileD.RatherA.speciesB.hopeC.ruleD.threat13A.growB.digestC.withdrawD.adapt1415

A.instructiveB.fashionableA.sponsorsB.creators

C.differentD.marvelousC.consumersD.designers：ReadEachisoreachthemareA，BCandD.thethatbestthetheyouread.17

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AsCOVID-19pandemichithard,fishermenwatchedtheirmarketsdryRestaurants-normallymajorfishbuyers-closedorcutbackorderssignificantly.Fishermenweren'tsureiftheyweregoingtogetpaidforwhattheyfished.Meanwhileaspeoplelostjobs,foodbanksstartedtoseegreatdemandforservices.Thingsweregettingdesperate,withlonglinesforfoodassistancemanystates.Outofthesedualcrises,anewwasborn.Foodassistanceprogramsacrossthecountryhavestartedconnectingwithlocalfishermentostockuponlocalseafood,manyforfirsttime.Andthearrangementseemstobehelpingthefishermen,economyandthoseinneedofhealthyfood.AccordingtoCatherineD'Amato,CEOoftheGreaterBostonFoodBank,thenetworkusuallykeepsfourorfiveweeksoffoodonhandincaseofemergencies.

Thepandemichit,and"wefoundourselvesbelowoneofstockandgoingdownrapidly,"shesays.That'sbecausethefoodbanknormallydistributesabout1millionpoundsoffoodaweek,andthatbecame2.5millionpoundsofaweek,D'Amatosays.WhileCongressandthestateshaveincreasedfundinganddonationsforfoodbanksduringthepandemic,ithasn'tbeenenough."Formanyyears,wehavebeenwantingtobeabletoworkwithorganizationsthefishingindustry,"D'Amatosays.Butit'scomplicated.Fishermencatchalotofbigfish,andfoodbankswhomighttakeittheproductstobecutsmallandeasytousecustomers.alsohastobefishtheyknowandrecognize.Thebarriershavebeentoohighinmanyplacestomakeitwork.Butspring,thestatedepartmentofagricultureconnectedthefoodbankwithsomegrantmakers.TheytalkedtolocalfishermenaboutdevelopingatraditionalNewEnglandfishsoup.Thegrantspaidfishermenfortheircatchandprovidedmoneyforlocalmanufacturertoprocess,freezeanddeliverthesouptofoodbanksinfamily-sizeservings.Thesoupishelpingtofeedfamiliesandkeepfishermenfishing.Thefishermenhopetosellitinstoressoon,andD'Amatohopestopurchasesoupandexpandintonewseafoodproductsforcustomers.1

Thepassageismainlyabout

B

.A.thefoodshortageduringtheCOVID-19pandemicB.thecooperationbetweenfishermenandfoodbanksC.thedramaticimpactthepandemichadonfishermenD.thenewseafoodproductmanufacturedforbanks2

Whatdo"dualcrises"inparagraph3referto

BA.Fishermen'sdifficultystoringseafoodandthedeclineoftheeconomy.B.Fishermen'sdifficultysellingfishandfoodbanks'needformorefood.C.Theclosureofrestaurantsandfoodbanks'greatdemandforassistance.D.Manypeople'sunemploymentandmanystates'badservicesinfoodindustry.3）Accordingtoparagraph5，CatherineD'AmatothinksthatA.fishermenshouldstarttoprocessfishB.manyfishesareunknowntocustomers.C.there'sagapbetweensupplyandneedD.thefishingorganizationsareindependent4Itcanbelearnedfrompassagethatthefishsoup

C

C.

.A.increasesfishermen'sproductivityB.commonlyconsumedbylocalfishermenC.makesfoodbanksrethinktheirproductsD.producedbyfoodbanksinatraditionalway18

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（1Theabovewebpageaimsat

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.A.recruitingvolunteersforWHOB.achievingabroadrepresentationofnationalsC.explainingthefunctionsofWHO

D.providinginformationaboutWHOpositions2

Whatkindofapplicantswilldefinitelybeturneddownaccordingtotherestrictions

AA.Malesintheirlater60s.B.Peoplewhohavehealthproblems.C.ChildrenWHOstaff.D.Candidateswithsmokinghistory.3

Whatcanbelearnedfromthewebpage

DA.GeneralServicestaffarerecruitedallaroundtheworld.B.JuniorProfessionalOfficersworkforlocalgovernments.C.Currentstudentsmajoringinengineeringcanapplyinternships.D.Professionalsanddirectorsareaninternationallymobileworkforce.WhoweneedWearelookingfortalentedandpassionatepeopletoworkforhealth.WHOiscommittedtoachievingworkforcevariety,aimingachieveabroadrepresentationofnationalsofourmembercountries.ParticularattentionispaidtocandidatesfromdevelopingcountriesandgenderfilledinaccordancewithWHOsabilitymodel.TheretwokeycategoriesofstaffatWHOprofessionals（PordirectorsD）whointernationallyrecruited

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ornationalprofessional

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staffwhoarerecruitedlocallybothfixedorshort-termpositions.Wealsoruninternship

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JPOs

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InternshipsinternationallyandoccupyinternationallyrecruitedWeofferinternshipsforleadershipfunctionsorstaffintheirrolesandtocurrentstudentswithpositionsthatrequireaassurethesmoothsignificantleveloffunctioningofalltechnicalknowledge.orDadministrativematters.staffmobileandareNationalProfessionalexpectedtoworkacrosstheOfficersarenationalsofglobe.thecountryinwhichtheyserveperformfunctionsofaprofessionalnaturerequiringlocalknowledge,

educationalbackgroundpublichealth,managementoradministrationfields.

professionalknowledgeandexperience.RecruitmentrestrictionsPleasenotethefollowingrestrictionsonJuniorprofessionalofficerrecruitment

programmeRelativesofWHOStaff

ExceptwhereanotherequallyTheJuniorProfessionalwellqualifiedpersoncannotberecruited,appointmentOfficer

JPO

Programmeshallbegrantedtoapersonwhobearsanyoftheprovidesyoungprofessionalsfollowingrelationshipstoastaffmember

father,atanearlystageintheirmother,son,daughter,brotherorsister.careerwithpracticalCandidatesunderageandabovethe62experienceininternationalwillnotbeconsideredforanyvacancy.technicalcooperation.PolicyonNon-RecruitmentofSmokers

WHOhasaaresponsoredbytheirsmoke-freeenvironmentanddoesnotrecruitsmokersrespectivegovernments.whonotindicatewillingnesstostopsmoking.ThispolicyunderscorestheOrganization'scommitmenttopromotingasmoke-freeenvironment.19(★★★)8分）Aseismic（；重shiftinclimatesciencemightbeheatingup.Newresearchshowsthatsoundwavesproducedbyearthquakescanbetomeasuretemperaturesintheoceanwhichtraps90%oftheEarthabsorbsfromthesun,makinglong-termchangesinoceanwarmth,majorfactorinhowworldmightrespondtoglobalwarming.ForyearstheapproachofmeasuringoceantemperaturehasbeenArgo,anarray

列）of4000automaticfloats,whichdriftstheglobe,samplingoceanwatermeasuringitstemperature.YetArgomeasurementsstopat2000meters.Thetechniquecalled"SeismicOceanThermometry"wouldespeciallyusefulindetectinglong-termchangesinoceantemperaturesdeeperArgo'sreach."OceanAcousticTomography"

thebasisforthecurrentresearch,firsttestednearly30yearsago.Theinitialstudiescreatedsoundwavesartificially,basicallyincreasingthevolumeongiantunderwaterspeakers.Scientistsmeasuredthesound'straveltimefromthespeakerstoreceiversthousandsofkilometersaway.Becauseoceantemperaturesaffectthespeedofthewaves,theresearcherscouldcalculateaveragetemperaturesalongtheirpaths.ButsomebelievedthenoisewasathreattooceanlifeandthetechniquenevertookThestudyinsteadusesanaturalsoundsourceforinvestigation

earthquakesmakingalow,continuousnoisebeneaththeseaflooroffcoastofSumatrathatdrumupsoundwavesinocean.theshoresoftheChagosIslandsintheEastIndianOcean,between2005and2016SeismicStationDiegoGarciarecordedseismicwavesproducedbythoseearthquakes.Someofthosewavescreatedphysicalchangesinandastheytraveled.OthersweresoundwavesorTwavesmovedthroughthedeepocean,deliveringvaluabledataaboutoceantemperature.12yearsofdatacoupledwithmathematicalmodelspointedtoatemperaturechangeofroughly0.044degreesperdecade,atrendlargerthanthosepredicted

Argo.ThefindingssuggestthatSeismicOceanThermometryafeasiblemethodtomeasurechangesinoceantemperature,Furtherdatafromotherregionsofglobeandothertimeframeswouldhelpimprovethewarmingmodelsandpredictions.Andinfuturestudiestheresearchersplantolistendirectlyforsoundwaves,usinganetworkofhydrophones,microphoneswhichdetectsoundwavesunderwater.Soundwavessetthetoneforadeepdiveintoourwarmingoceanseventheyfailtoreach60000milesunderthesea.1

WhatdisadvantagedoesArgohave

AA.Itsreachislimited.B.takeslongtocollectsamples.C.doesn'tworkglobally.D.Itspredictionisn'treliableatall.2

ItcanbelearnedthatOceanAcousticTomography

B

.A.wastestedmanytimesbutneversucceededB.remainedunpopularforfearofpotentialharmC.wasassumedtobetoocomplicatedtobecontrollableD.measuredoceantemperaturejustasthenewresearchdoes3

Itcanbeinferredfromthenewfindingsthat

A

.A.somewarmingisworkingitswaydeeperintotheoceanB.oceantemperatureisrisingfasterowingtoearthquakesC.soundtravelsfastercolderwaterinhotterwaterD.soundwaveswilldownthewarmingofocean4）Whichisthetitleforthepassage

DA.SoundWavesFirstAppliedtoClimateScienceB.NewFactorsFoundtoBeHeatinguptheOceanC.ANaturalApproachHoldingBackGlobalWanningD.Ocean'sHiddenHeatMeasuredwithEarthquakeSounds：CompletepassagebyusingintheEachsentenceonlyusedNotethattherearemoreyou20

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A.Butchallengeisfiguringouthowtocollecttheenergyfromthosewinds.B.Kitepowerhasthepotentialtogreatlyimproveoncurrentwind-powerstrategies.C.Windatthesealtitudes

拔高度isstrongerandsteadierwhichincreasesproductivityfactorsofthesystemtoabout60%.D.Itsistobuildakitepowerstationusingtechnologythatcancollectivelygenerate

生）largeamountsofenergy.E.Nevertheless,theysuccessfullydemonstratedthattheirkitescouldoperateautomaticallyatanaltitudeupto700meters.F.Aftertheinitialcostofdesigningandsettinguptheplant,littleadditionalinvestmentwillbenecessary,apartfromstandardmaintenance.

KitePowerThesearchfornew,cleanenergysourceshasoccupiedtheattentionofscientistsandpoliticiansforyears.Onecommonresourceforgreenenergyisthewind.Anewtwistonthisresourcecouldcausetheenergyoutputofwind-powerplantstorisedramatically.Standardwind-powerplantsrelyfixedsupportandgenerallycanonlyreachaheightof200metersorso.Higherthanthat,windstendtobestrongermorepersistent.

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A.DelftUniversityofTechnologyintheNetherlandsKarlsruheUniversityofAppliedSciencesinGermanyhaveformedakite-powerresearchgroup.Thegroupisworkingtodevelopkiteswithinflatable

充气的wingsconnectedtoelectricalgeneratorsonground.Theresearchgroup'sgoalistodesignathatcanoperateonitsownfor24hours.Researchhasbegun,butmanychallengesremain,includingmakingthegeneratorsmoreefficientandperfectingtheautomaticflightcontrolandstructureofthekites.2）E.Meanwhile,inItaly,researchersareworkinginasimilarpowergeneratorthatreliesonkites.Whengenerator,calledKiteGen,sensestheblowing,kitesarereleasedfromtheendsofpoleswithhigh-resistancecablestocontroltheirheightandangle.Thesecablesareabletomovethekitesifthesystemsensesincomingobjectssuchasplanes,helicoptersorevenindividualbirds.Thekitesthemselvesarelight,toughandabletoreachfairlyhighaltitudes.Theyformacircularshapeinthewind,whichsetsthecoreofthegeneratorinmotion,producingelectriccurrent.KiteGenhasthepotentialtobeverycost-effectiveinthelongrun.

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F.Theplantrequiresrelativelylittlespace,whichmakesitidealforcitiesandmeansthatplantscanbesetuptoprovideevenmoreenergy.4

B.Infuture,itmaybeefficient,cost-effectiveadditiontotheothersourcesofenergyuse,orevenareplacementforsomeofthem.Ⅳ.SummaryWriting21

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Directions

Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandmainpointswordsasfaraspossible.

ofthepassageinmorewords.UseyourownRoboticExoskeletonsThankstoroboticexoskeletons,victimsofspinal

椎）injuryanewreaso