2021年东城一模英语试题及答案

北京市东城区高三年级一模考试英语试本试卷共10页，共100分考试时长90分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分：知识运用（共两节分第一节完形空（共10小；每小题分，共15分阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、D个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AbeenanimportantjobtosafeduringCOVID-19pandemic.RobyrunsthroughhillycityoftimeswithinfruitpackagedtocustomersofFresh4Umini-market.“Heustomaintainsocialdistancing,”saidRobyowner,SherryBotero.“Andpeople

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C.collect第二节语法空（共10题；每小题分共15分）阅读下列短文根短文内容填在未给提示词的空白处仅填写适当的单词在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Aamongthe(show)greatinstudyingthem.1682,EdmundHalley,ancometthatwaslarge.hiscalculations,thisin17581759thiswas______(13)hefirstsawthecomet.Thecometreallyreturnedonanditwasnamed“HalleyCometinhonorofEdmundBonherwayhomewhensheheardasuddenaround,sawagasping(急)formotherbeggingfor______(15)faceturnedpurple.“What’s“Acandy!Inhisthroat!ItwasluckythatEmmahadlearnedhowtheHeimlich海利克急救法)atschool.actedquickly.boypieceofcandyandbegan(save)intime.CInJapan,bonsaitrayplantItrefers18ofartandtheplantingandtreesandplants.Bonsaioriginatedinmorethan2,000yearsago19(spread)toJapan700yearsago.peoplebelieveonlyusedinbonsai,thisistrue.Nearlyoftreeplantused,asitaseedor第二部分：阅读理解（共两节分第一节（共小；每小题2分，共28）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的ABC、四选项中，选出最选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Ainspireofandengineers,ScienceMuseumGrouplaunchedexcitingTotal第2页共11页

OverthelasthavedevelopingDarknesswithanexperiencecanpositiveimpactonpeopleattitudestowardsSTEM(science,technology,engineeringandmaths),aswellhavingaratherfactsconcepts.TotalDarknessastorytellingexperiencewhichencouragestorecognisetheskillsuseeverySTEMandcanthemdeveloptheirinscienceinvitestheplayertopowerinhometown.indecisionstoguidethemthroughthenavigatesdarkenedstreetsoftheonlywithatorch,theywillfacevariousUsingcreativeproblemsolving,willtheoriesmightblackout(电断)witheverysteptheirfades,solvemysterybeforerunsTheplayerchoicesactionsthroughoutthegamewillscorethemcuriosity,creativityorcommunicationpoints.Atthetheusedwillwiththeirsciencestyle,showingtheyskillsintoinworld.TotalDarknessaimed—animportantstageinteenssciencedevelopment.thatmakethebetweenprimarymoveawayfrominterestinscienceotherstrongerpullinlives.TotalDarknessaplayableontabletdesktop.Playnowat.uk21.TotalrecallSTEMC.improvestorytellingcommunication22.What’stogettingpointstalC.Equipment.

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BNickjuniorinhighsuffersfromdystrophy(肌肉萎缩症)andinspecializedhimfromaccomplishingmanytasks,suchcarryinghisputtingthingsawayinlocker.heafellowstudentassignedtohelpAmySmith,theschool’soccupational治疗师)thoughtthattolikeopeningonwouldAmyinitiallythoughttheywouldbetobuyaButsearchingonlineupnothingthatneedsneededkeycodeotherphysicalaction,thingsherdisabledstudentcouldndo.Aftertheoutsideformethodcameshort,shewithintheforanswer.Amyturnedtotheschoolroboticsinstructor.Theinturn,suggestedthattwohisontheMicahandWyattTheyfirstinanationalsowerechoicetolockerdoorwithasolution.MicahWyattnotimegettingdownworkforeachschoolday,thebuilt,rebuiltofuntiltheylandedoneyearLikeinanyittookalotoftrialanderrorforWyattmakeworkfortargetaudience.example,theyinitiallybuiltaopeningbutton,butNickwasnstrongtoit,soitwithasensor.betweenNicktohisandwaveshishandoverasensorarmoftheAfewsecondslater,theopen.AnotherwaveclosesNickcanmakeitwith—itmaybebutitgiveshimsense24.WhydidAmySmithwantdevice?A.Toincreaseherstudent’sconfidence.B.Toencouragecooperationschool.C.Toinspirearoboticsinvention.D.Tohelptreatadisease.25.sensorhiswheelchair,can______.A.aroundeasilyB.puthisthingsC.continuehisschooling

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shipcouldpotentiallybebyfilmsthatbeinenvelopeandstoredonshelf.Croyle’slaboratorydevelopingthetechnologyin2007.InspiredabilitytopreservetheDNAresearchersouttotheirownversionofthesubstanceby“alotsugaraofsalt,likecandy,Croyleexplains.ThefilmadministeredbynewsformanywhoThefilmtailoredspecificvaccinecandidateandprovideaprotectivecoating.“Welearnedtimethatkeyreallystabilizingwhatevertheholdstohaveitintermixedwithallthecomponents,Croylesays,thattheprocessisquickusesaffordable,standardequipment.reallywantedtocomeupsomethingthatbetransferabletodevelopingcountries.Immunization(免)dependon℃-8℃)astheysometimeskilometerstofar-awayDeliveryandcostly,transportcantheineffective.thisproductliveviruses,andantibodiesforseveral℃.apublishedinScience,thescientistslivevirusesinonevaccinewereinfilmafter36findthatfluvaccinesuspendedintheirfilmwithatraditionalflushot(感预防).“Thedemonstratesearlyofconceptforanexcitingplatformforvaccineproductdevelopment,sayspharmacologist,wasnotinvolvedtheSheeachacustomformulation(方forofdevelopment.mass-forclinicaltrialstheresearchers’pressingproblem,Croylesays.Theyareexploringpackagingfilms.amajoradvantageafilmcarrythan剂)vaccine,1900thesameofBymakingitshippreservevaccinesefficiently,technologyvastlyratesworldover,inmiddle-low-27.Whatcanwefilm?A.containsanimalC.Itindifferent

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30.willbethenexturgenttaskforCroyle’steam?AdvertisingthefilmC.Reducingtheshippingcost.

B.Improvingthefilmcapacity.Seekingmanufacturers.DAlbertEinstein’s1915masterpieceFoundationoftheGeneralTheoryofRelativity”isfirstbestintroductiontosubject,andsuchtostudents.Butitprobablywouldn’tbepublishableinascientificjournalWhyAfterall,itwiththeofandsignificance.AndwhilepopularthatthewasfirstinfactintheoreticalphysicsphysicistRichardwrote,“Therethenewspaperssaidthatonly12menunderstoodthetheoryofrelativity.Idotherebeenonlywasonlyguyhispeoplereadpaperlotinsomewayorother,certainlymore12.No,theisitsstyle.Itstartswithleisurelyofspaceandandcontinueswithanexpositionofmathematics.Thosetwowhichwouldconsideredtakeuppaper.therezerocitationsofpreviousscientistswork,northereanygraphics.ThosefeaturesmightapapernotevengetpastthefirstAofprofessionalizationotherpartsofRequestsforresearchtimeatmajorobservatoriesornationallaboratoriesaremorerigidlystructured.Andinvolvingworkwithsubjects,orputtinginstrumentsinofWeseeitintheRegeneronSearch,NobelPrizesciencecompetitions.Indecadesits78-yearwinningwereusuallysortofcleverbutnaive,amateurishonetalentedworkingonown.Today,workoutofinternships(实习)laboratoriestheprofessionalizingareagrowthofscience.Standardizationsystemitmanagetherapidflowandpeople.thereareseriousAlotofunproductivegoesjumpingthroughhoops(文缛节andentrybarriersateveryOfcourse,Einsteinwouldhavehistomeetingmodernandpublishingscientificwouldnchanged,butthepapermightnotbethesameread.31.AccordingRichardFeynman,Einstein’s1915paper______.A.aclassictheoreticalphysicsB.turnedouttocomprehensibleC.furtherimprovementD.attractedfewprofessionals32.doesunderlined“extraneousinParagraph4mean?第6页共11页

A.Unrealistic.C.Unattractive.

B.Irrelevant.D.Imprecise.33.Accordingtothewhatisaffecteddevelops?Theapplicationofscientificresearch.C.Theoftalents.The34.besttitleforthisWhatmakesEinsteingreat?Willsciencebeprofessionalized?C.Couldpublishedtoday?Howwillmodernscience第二节（共题；每小题，共10分根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选。Reversalchangeperspectivesolveproblem’softendefinitionproblemthatlimitsyouinfindingasuitablesolution.CreativesolutionsrequireachangeofThereversalathinkingtechniquethatisbasedonthoughtthatperspective,theorderofthewordsinyourproblemdefinition.Howyouchangetheorderofthedoesn,keyarechallengeisdowemakesurethatfewerpeopletakecarstotheirwork?”.Swappingthewords,youcouldrephrasethischallengeas“Howwemakesurethatfewercarspeopletheirwork?thiscase,thestatementwillmakeyouthinkofalternativemeansoftransportation,likewhilethesecondwillmakesolutionslike—fewerforsamenumberofNoteveryproblemisforaSometimesusingrequiresyoufirstthequestion37

Forinstance,questionmightsellmorewashingmachines?isnoteasily—nowordswapwith“washingYet,whenyourephrasequestionto“Howmightwesellmorewashingtoparents?”caneasilychangemightwemoreyoungparentstowashingYoucouldlastsentence“thewashingmachinepaystheyoungparentsto”.Then,youcouldstartcommunicatingpotentialbuyershowmuchwillsaveeachwhenchooseenergyefficientwashingmachine.exampleshows,somewillrequireaveryflexibleway39thinkingaboutthetinyamountoftimeitwill“cost”tooutareversal,verytoloseand,potentially,lotsgain.Thesecondstatementlogical.itonekeywordtothe第7页共11页

C.RephrasingyourchallengetheD.greatwaytothisby“reversing”yourproblemstatement.E.youresponsibleforlimitingtrafficinyourAdmittedly,itaitmightjustcreativeNotwillfromstatement第三部分：书面表达（共两节32分第一节阅读达（共4小；第1、2题2，第3题，第4，共分阅读下面短文，根据题目要求回答问题。theForyears,JaneBoothmothermadelengthyairingofcomplaints.Itgotthatfeltitruiningthequalityoftimetogether,sofinallyspokeandhelpedmothershecomplained.ItoutthatJaneinterventionnothelpedhermother—ithelpedtheirrelationship.Janewasherbutthereareotheracomplainertoend.beeffective,ithelpstocorrectinthefirstplace.Infact,kindest,mostconsideratepeoplecomplain.Andcomplainingdoesnalwaysanegativeimpact.Sometimes,complainingcanchangeanunfavorabsituationintoadesirableone.Othertimes,itcannewrelationshipswithpeoplewe’tknowwell.Theproblemscomplainingthedefaultmode(认模式)“Whenwehaveatoheard,werepeatourselves,”saysDianKillian,alifecoach,“thesatisfactionforfrequentcomplainersfromattention,soareneverwithanysuggestionproblemshighlight—resolutionisntheiraim.”doyouquietaconstantfortheyourSomecomplainerswillswitchifshiftconversationinthatthem.SummarizetheIfyourcomplainerhemaystopifdemonstratethat’relistening.act.Whenaconstantcomplainertellsabouthislatestproblem,asknicelywhathe’sdoneimproveit.Whenthingstellcomplainerthatmusttheconversationshort—especiallyifit’ssomeonewho’scomplainedtomanybefore.someonestressesoutlotsofnegativity,’simportanttalkabouttheOtherwise,ifbottleupfeelingsandrepeatedyoumaygrowtheperson.constantbebothofyou.40.WhatdidBoothdostopmother41.AccordingtoParagraph2,areaboutcomplaining?42.partisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitand