2023年考研英语二真题和答案完整版

ThｅｏutbreakofｓwinefluthａtwasｆiｒｓtdetectedinMeｘicｏwaｓdeclａrｅdagｌｏbalｅpideｍiconJｕne1１,２023.Iｔｉsｔheｆirstｗorｌｄwideepidemic_＿__＿1___＿_bythｅWorldHealtｈOrganiｚａｔioniｎ41years.Theｈeigｈteneｄaｌｅrｔ___＿_２_＿__＿anemeｒgｅncymeeｔｉnｇwithfluｅxpｅrtsinＧenevathａｔｃonvenedａftｅraｓharpriseｉncaseｓiｎＡｕsｔｒaliａ,ａndriｓing_____3__＿__iｎBrｉｔain,Jaｐａn,Ｃhiｌeandelsｅwｈere.Butｔheepｉdemiｃiｓ"_＿＿＿_4＿___＿"inseveriｔy,aｃcordingtoMarｇaretChan，theorgａnizａｔioｎ'ｓdirectorgeneral,____＿5_____ｔｈeｏverwheｌｍiｎgmajorityofｐatｉentｓexperienｃiｎgonｌyｍiｌdｓyｍpｔｏmｓandaｆullrecｏverｙ,ｏfteninthe_____６__＿＿_oｆanymｅdicaltreａｔment.Theoutbreakcaｍｅtｏgｌobal_____７_____ｉnｌatｅApｒiｌ２023,wｈenMexiｃａｎａuthorｉｔiesnｏtｉcｅdａnunusｕａllylarｇenｕmberｏfhospiｔaliｚationsandｄeaths___＿＿8_＿___healthｙａｄultｓ.AsmuchofMexｉcoCityshutdoｗnａttｈehｅigｈｔofapａnic，ｃasesbｅgａntｏ＿__＿＿9＿___＿inNewＹorkCity,ｔhesoｕthwesternUnｉteｄＳｔａｔｅsandaroｕndthewｏrld.IｎtheUｎitedStates,ｎｅwcaseｓsｅemedｔofａde_____10_____waｒｍerweathｅrarrｉved.BuｔiｎlateＳｅpｔｅmｂer202３,officｉaｌsreporteｄｔherｅwas____＿11__＿__fluaｃtｉvｉtyｉnalmosteｖerystatｅanｄtｈatｖirｔuallｙallｔhe＿____12_____tesｔedａｒethenｅwswｉneｆlu,alｓoknoｗnａs（A)Ｈ１Ｎ1，ｎotseasonａlflｕ.IntｈｅＵ.S．，itｈaｓ＿____1３_____ｍorethａｎｏｎemｉllionpeoｐle，ａnｄcauｓｅdmｏrｅtｈａn60０deatｈsａｎｄmoｒetｈａn６，000hospiｔaｌｉzａｔiｏns．Ｆederalｈｅalthofｆicials＿_＿__１４__＿_＿Taｍiflｕｆorchildrenfｒomｔhenatiｏnａlstocｋpileａndbeｇａｎ_____１5_＿___ordeｒｓfromｔhestaｔeｓｆｏrthenewswiｎｅflｕvaｃciｎe．Theneｗvａcciｎｅ,wｈichｉsdiｆfereｎｔfromthｅannualflｕvaｃｃine,is＿___1６_＿___aheadofexｐectａｔions.MorethaｎtｈｒeemiｌliｏndoｓｅswereｔobemａdeａvaｉlablｅinearlyOｃtober2023，ｔhougｈmostofthｏsｅ_____17_____dosｅswerｅoｆｔhｅFluMｉstnasalspｒayｔypｅ,ｗhiｃhiｓnot_____１８_____forpreｇｎaｎtwomen,pｅopleｏver50oｒthoｓewｉthbreathｉngdifficulｔｉes,hｅａｒｔdiseaseorsｅvｅｒａlother____＿１9_____.Butitwaｓsｔiｌlｐossibletovacｃinａｔｅpeopｌｅinotｈerhigｈ-riｓｋgroup:hｅalthｃarｅworkeｒｓ,peoｐlｅ___＿＿20_____inｆanｔsaｎｄｈealthｙyoungpｅoｐle.1[A]criｔicｉzeｄ [B］ａppointeｄﻩﻩ［C]ｃommentedﻩ ﻩ[D］desiｇｎateｄ2［A]prｏceedｅdﻩ ［Ｂ］actiｖａtｅdﻩ ﻩ[Ｃ]folloｗedﻩ [Ｄ]prompｔed３[A]dｉgiｔｓ ﻩ [B］numbeｒsﻩﻩﻩ[C]amoｕｎtｓﻩﻩﻩ[D]sｕｍｓ4[A］moｄerateﻩ [Ｂ]normal ﻩ [C］ｕｎusｕal ﻩ [Ｄ]ｅxtｒeme5[Ａ]with[B]in［Ｃ]fromﻩ ﻩ［Ｄ]by6[Ａ]ｐrogｒess ﻩ [B]ａbsencｅ ﻩﻩ[Ｃ]ｐreｓｅnceﻩﻩﻩ[Ｄ]favor7[Ａ]realitｙﻩ ﻩ[Ｂ］phenoｍｅnon ﻩ[C]ｃoncｅpｔﻩ ﻩ[D]notice8．[A]oveｒ ［B]fｏr ﻩﻩ [C]aｍonｇﻩ [Ｄ]tｏ9[A]sｔaｙupﻩﻩ [B]cｒopｕp [C]fillup [D］coveruｐ１0[A]aｓ ﻩ[Ｂ]if ﻩ[C]unlｅssﻩ ﻩ[D]until11［A]ｅxcｅsｓｉve ﻩ[Ｂ］eｎｏrmouｓﻩﻩ[C]sigｎｉfｉcantﻩﻩ[D］magniｆicent１2[Ａ]categｏries ﻩ[B]exａmpｌｅsﻩﻩ [Ｃ］ｐａtternsﻩ [D]ｓamplｅs13[A]imｐartedﻩ [B]iｍmeｒsｅﻩ [C］ｉnjectｅdﻩﻩ [D]ｉｎfecｔed14[A］releasｅdﻩﻩ［Ｂ]reｌaｙedﻩﻩﻩ［C]relｉeｖedﻩﻩ [D］rｅmained15[A]plａcinｇ[Ｂ］deｌiveriｎg ［Ｃ]taking ﻩ[D]giｖing16［A]fｅasｉblｅﻩ ［B]ａｖailabｌｅﻩ ﻩ［C］reliabｌe ﻩ[D]applicaｂle１7[A]ｐｒｅvａｌentﻩﻩ[B]ｐrinｃipａl ﻩﻩ［C]inｎｏvative ［D]inｉｔial18［A］preseｎｔedﻩﻩ[B]rｅstriｃｔeｄ ﻩﻩ[Ｃ]rｅcｏmｍendedﻩ ［D］intｒoｄucｅd1９[Ａ]ｐrobｌeｍsﻩ [Ｂ]iｓsueｓ ﻩﻩ[Ｃ]ａgonｉes ﻩﻩ[D]sｕfｆerings2０［A]ｉnｖｏlｖｅdinﻩ [Ｂ]ｃaｒinｇｆoｒﻩ [C]ｃoncernedｗitｈ ﻩ[D］wardingoffSeｃｔioｎⅡReadiｎgcoｍprehenｓionPaｒtADireｃtions:Rｅａdthefolｌowingfourｐassagｅｓ.AnswerthequｅstionｓｂeloweacｈpａsｓagebyｃｈoosingA,B,ＣandD.MarｋyouranswersonANＳＷEＲSHEET１.(40ｐoints)Text1Theloｎgeｓtbulｌrunｉnaｃｅｎtuｒyofart－ｍａｒkethｉｓtoryｅｎdeｄonａｄramａｔiｃnotewithａsaleof56wｏrｋsbyDamieｎHirst,“ＢeautifuｌInsｉdeＭyHｅadForeｖer”，ａtSoｔhｅｂｙ’sinLonｄoｎonSeptembｅr15th2０2３.Allｂuttwopｉeｃｅssold，feｔchｉnｇmｏｒethan￡70m,aｒeｃoｒdforaｓaｌebｙaｓingｌeartiｓｔ.Itwａsalaｓtvｉｃtory.Aｓtheauctioneｅrcａllｅdoutｂids,inNewＹoｒｋoneｏfthｅoldｅstbaｎksoｎWaｌlSｔreeｔ,ＬｅhmaｎBrotｈerｓ，fｉledforbａｎkruｐtcy.Theworlｄａrtｍarkｅｔhａdaｌｒeａｄybeeｎｌｏｓｉｎgmｏmentumforawhileafterrｉsiｎgｂｅwilｄｅringlyｓincｅ2０23.Atitsｐeakin20２3itwaswoｒthｓｏmｅ＄65billｉon,reckonsClareMcAｎdreｗ，ｆoｕnderofArtsＥcoｎomics,aｒeseａrchfiｒm—doｕｂｌｅtheｆｉgurｅｆｉｖeｙeａrsearlieｒ.Sincetheniｔmayhａvecomedowntｏ$50bｉlｌｉoｎ.Ｂuｔtｈｅｍarketgeｎeraｔesiｎtｅrｅstｆarbeyondｉｔssizebｅcauseｉtbrinｇstoｇｅｔhｅｒgrｅatweaｌth,enormouｓegoｓ,gｒｅed，pａｓsioｎａndｃontrｏversyinawaｙｍatchedbｙfewｏtｈeｒｉｎdｕsｔrｉes.ＩｎtｈｅweｅｋsandmoｎtｈsthatfoｌlｏwedMrHirst’ssalｅ，ｓpｅndinｇoｆanysortｂecamedeｅｐlｙｕnfａshioｎabｌe,espｅｃiallyinＮewYorｋ，ｗｈeretｈｅｂaｉl-outoｆｔhebanksｃoiｎcｉdeｄwithｔhelｏssｏｆtｈoｕｓaｎdｓoｆjobｓandｔhefｉnanｃiaｌdeｍiseoｆｍaｎyaｒt-buｙｉnginvｅstoｒs.Ｉｎthｅartｗｏrｌdthatｍeaｎｔcolｌectｏrsstayedawayfromgalleriesａndsaleroｏms.Saｌesｏfcontemｐｏｒaryartfelｌbyｔwo-ｔｈirds,ａndinｔhemostoverｈeaｔeｄsector—forCｈinｅseｃｏnteｍpｏrａryaｒt—thｅyｗeredｏwｎbynearｌy9０%intｈｅyearｔoNoveｍｂer２0２３.Withinweeksｔhｅworｌd’sｔwｏｂiggeｓｔaｕｃtionhousｅs,Ｓothｅｂy’ｓaｎｄChriｓｔｉｅ’s,hadtopayｏutnｅaｒly$200minguaｒａｎteestocｌieｎtswhohadplａcedwoｒksforsaleｗithｔhem.ThecurreｎｔdownturninthearｔmarkｅtisthｅworｓtsiｎcetｈｅJａpanesestoｐpeｄbuyｉngImpressｉoｎiｓｔsatｔheｅｎｄof198９,amovｅthatstartedｔｈeｍｏstｓｅrｉoｕｓｃontｒａｃtioninthemarｋｅtsincetheSecondＷoｒｌdWar.Thiｓｔｉmeeｘｐeｒｔｓrｅckontｈatpricesarｅabout40%ｄowｎoｎtheirpｅakonaverａgｅ,thoｕｇhsoｍｅhaｖebeenfarmｏrefluctｕant.ButEdwardDolman,Chrｉstie’scｈieｆexecutiｖｅ，says：“I’mpreｔtｙcｏnfidentｗe’reatthebotｔｏｍ.”Whａtmakｅｓthiｓslumpdiffereｎtｆromｔｈelａｓｔ,ｈesaｙs,isthaｔthｅrｅarestｉlｌbｕyersintｈemaｒｋet,whｅreasｉｎtｈeeａrly１９9０s，ｗheninterestratesｗeｒehigh,ｔｈerewａsnodemandｅvenｔｈｏughmanycoｌlectoｒsｗanteｄtoｓelｌ.Cｈrｉstｉｅ’srevｅnuｅsinｔｈefiｒsthalfof2023wｅｒesｔillhigｈｅrthａｎinthefirsｔhalfof202３.Aｌmoｓteｖeryｏnewｈowａsiｎterｖｉeweｄfｏrｔｈisspecｉalreｐｏrｔsaiｄthatthｅｂiggestｐrobｌematｔｈemomｅnｔisnoｔaｌａckofdemandbｕtaｌａckofｇｏodworktoselｌ.ThｅtｈｒeeＤs—deaｔh,deｂtａnddivorce—sｔilldeliverworｋsofarttｏｔhemａrｋet.Bｕｔanyｏneｗｈodoesnothａｖｅtｏseｌliｓkeｅpingaｗay,ｗaｉtinｇｆorconfiｄencetoreｔuｒn.21．Ｉnthｅfｉrsｔｐaｒagrａpｈ,DamｉenＨｉｒｓt＇ｓｓalｅwaｓrefeｒｒedtoａs“ａｌasｔvictoｒy”because＿___.A.thｅartmarkethaｄwitnesｓedaｓuｃｃesｓｉｏｎofvictoｒiesＢ.theauctionｅerfinallygoｔthetwopiecesａtthｅhighestbiｄsC．BeaｕtifulInsｉdeMyHeadForeveｒwonｏverallmasｔerpｉｅceｓD．itwaｓsuccesｓfullymaｄejｕstbeforetｈeworlｄfinanciａlｃrｉsｉs2２．Ｂyｓayiｎg“ｓｐendingｏｆanysｏｒｔbeｃａmedeepｌｙunｆashionabｌe”(Line1-2,Ｐａrａ.３），theａｕｔhoｒsｕggestsｔhat__＿＿_．A.cｏllectoｒｓwｅreｎoｌongeractiｖelｙinｖolvｅdinaｒｔ-marketauctiｏnsB.peoｐｌestoppedeｖｅrykindofｓpeｎdiｎｇandstayedawａyfroｍｇaｌleｒiｅsC.artcolｌectiｏnasafaｓhiｏnhadloｓtitsaｐpeａｌtoagreａteｘtentD．worksofａrｔiｎgeneｒａｌhadgoneoutoffａshionsoｔhｅｙｗerenotwoｒthｂuying２3．ＷhichofthefｏｌlｏwingstateｍｅntsiｓＮOTｔruｅ?A.Ｓａleｓｏｆcoｎtempｏrａｒｙaｒｔfeｌldraｍａtｉcalｌyfｒom2023to2０23.Ｂ.Theａrtmaｒkｅtｓｕrpasｓedmａnｙoｔherｉndustｒiesｉnmoｍｅntum.Ｃ.Ｔｈｅmaｒkeｔgｅnｅrallywｅntｄownwａrｄinvarｉousways.D.Somｅartｄｅaleｒsｗereawａiｔｉngbetteｒchancestｏcoｍe.2４.ThｅtｈreeＤsｍeｎｔioneｄinthｅlastｐａragraphａrｅ____A．aucｔｉｏnhouｓｅｓ'favoritｅsB．ｃｏｎtemｐoｒaｒyｔｒｅnｄsC.factorspromｏtingaｒtworkciｒculaｔionD．styleｓrepｒｅｓentingimpressionists25.Ｔｈeｍosｔappｒｏprｉatetitleforthisｔeｘtcouldｂｅ__＿Ａ.FlucｔｕatｉonofArtPricesB.Up-to-ｄateArtAｕｃtiｏnsC.ＡrtMａrｋetinDecｌiｎeD.ShiftedInteresｔinArｔｓIｗaｓａddressingasｍaｌlgatheringinasｕｂurｂanVirginiaｌiｖingrｏom—aｗomen＇sｇrouｐthatｈadinviｔeｄmenｔoｊoinｔhｅm.Ｔhrｏughouｔthｅeｖeniｎｇonemanhaｄbｅｅnparｔｉcularｌytａlkａtive,freｑueｎｔlyofferingidｅaｓaｎｄaｎecdoｔes,wｈilｅｈiswifesatｓiｌentlｙbesiｄehiｍonｔhｅcoucｈ．TowaｒｄtheｅｎdｏfｔheeｖenｉｎgIcommeｎtｅdtｈatwomenfrequentlyｃｏｍplａｉnthaｔthｅiｒhuｓbanｄsｄｏn'ｔtaｌktothｅm.Thismａnｑuicklyｎｏdｄedinagｒeｅment.Heｇeｓturedtｏｗaｒdhｉswifｅａｎdsaid,"She＇sthetaｌkerinourfaｍily."Ｔheｒoomｂursｔｉｎtolａｕgｈtｅｒ;ｔhｅmanlｏokedpuzzｌｅdaｎdｈurt．＂It'ｓtｒue,"heeｘｐlained."WheｎＩｃomehomefｒomｗork,Ihaｖenｏthiｎgtosay.Ifｓhediｄn＇ｔkeｅｐtheconｖersaｔiｏｎgｏing,we'dspendthewholeeveninginsilｅｎcｅ."ＴhｉsepisodecｒystallizeｓtheiｒonｙthaｔaｌthoｕｇｈＡmｅricａnmentendｔoｔalkmoｒethanwｏmeninpｕblicsｉtｕａｔioｎs,ｔheyoｆｔeｎtalklessatｈome．Andthisｐatternｉsｗreakingｈaｖocwitｈmａrrｉage．ThｅｐatteｒnwaｓｏｂseｒｖｅdbｙｐｏｌitｉcalｓcieｎtｉstAndrewＨackｅrｉｎｔhｅlａte19７0s.SｏciolｏgｉstCathｅrineKｏｈｌerRieｓｓmanreportsinhernｅwbｏoｋ"ＤivorceTalk"thaｔmostoｆｔhｅｗomensｈeｉntervieｗed—butonｌyafｅｗoｆｔheｍｅn—gaveｌackｏfcoｍmunｉｃationaｓｔｈeｒeasonfｏrtheｉrｄivoｒcｅs.Giveｎthecｕrrｅntdivorceratｅoｆnearlｙ５0pｅrｃent，ｔhatamoｕntｓtomillionｓofｃaｓesintｈeUniｔｅdＳtateseveryｙｅar—aｖｉrtuａｌｅpidemicoffailedconveｒsatiｏn．Ｉnmyownｒesｅarcｈcomplainｔsfromｗoｍenabｏuttheirhusbａndsmostoftｅnfoｃｕsｅdnotoｎtａngibleineqｕitiessｕｃhａshavinｇgivenｕpthechanｃeforacareeｒtoacｃompaｎyaｈusbandｔohisorｄｏingfaｒmoｒｅthantheirshａrｅoｆdａiｌｙlｉfe－suppoｒtwoｒklikeｃｌeaｎｉng,cookiｎg,soｃｉａlarrangeｍentｓａｎderrａｎds.Insｔeadtheｙf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Giveyｏｕrcoｍｍｅnts。WriteyｏuressayｏnｏnANSＷEＲSHEＥT2.（15poinｔs)Ｍｏbiｌe-phoneSubscｒipｔｉｏｎs答案翻译参考“坚持不懈”如今已成一个流行词汇，但对TeｄNｉng而言，这个概念一直有个人含义，经历了一段痛苦松懈的个人生活，使他清楚面向以坚持不懈为导向的价值观,必须贯彻到天天的行动和选择中。Ninｇ回忆起２０世纪90年代末期卖保险的那段迷茫时光，他通过蓬勃兴起的网络疯狂地找工作,并且与Bouｌdeｒ代理机构签了约。事情进展并不顺利，ＴｅdNing说到:“那真是个糟糕的选择，由于我对此没有激情，”可以预料，他把工作中的矛盾能解释为没有业务。Ning说:“我很痛苦渴望半夜起来盯着天花板，我没钱,我需要工作,每个人都说‘等吧，只要有耐心会好转的。’”大作文Inthisｃhａrt,weｃanｓeetｈemobｉlephonesubscrｉptionsiｎdevelｏpeｄｃｏuntrieshaveaｓteａdyaｎdsliｇhtincrｅaｓefrom199０ｔｏ2０2３aｎｄthｅnｒeｍaincｏnｓｔantｉn202３.Mｅanwhiletheｍｏbｉｌｅpｈｏnesｕｂsｃriptionsiｎdｅveloｐiｎgcoｕntｒｉeshａvewitnessedasｌｏｗiｎｃreaseｆrom1990to20２３ａndthenaｇreａｔｓurｇefrom2023to2023７：thｅｂiｇgestsurgehapｐeｎsfrom20２3tｏ2０２３.Thisｃharｔrefleｃtsdifferｅntdｅｖelｏpiｎgmｏｄesｏfmobilｅphoneindustryinｄevｅlopｅdａnｄdevelopiｎgｃｏｕntries．Thｅdeveｌopeｄｃountriesｈavｅaｌiｍｉtｅdnuｍberoｆpopuｌationｓ,mostｏfwhoｍarewell-ｅｄｕｃａteｄ.Theｒeｆｏre,ｔhespreaｄingoftｈemｏbｉlephｏnｅservicｅｉseffｉciｅntandｓoonｔｈemarｋeｔissatｕrateｄ.Alｓoａｔtｈebｅginｎiｎgtｈedｅvｅlopedcounｔｒieshaｖeｍorepeoplｅｗhocanafｆordｔhisservice.Theｄevelopingｃoｕｎtriｅｓhavealａrgepopulａtiｏnwhokｅepｓａｌargedemａndforｍobiｌeseｒviｃｅ.Asthemobiｌｅphｏneserｖicebeｃomescheaperａndｃheaｐｅr,tｈｅｉncreasiｎｇcustｏmｅｒssubscｒibｅtｏbenefitｆrｏmtｈiｓsｅｒｖｉce。Aｓdisｃusｓedaｂove,itisnotsｕrｐrisingtosｅｅthiｓcｈanｇe.Ｉｎmyopiniｏn,tｈistrendtｈａtｔｈenumbeｒofmｏbile-phonesｕｂscripｔionsisincreaｓinｇｌyincrｅasingwiｌｌcoｎｔiｎueforawhileinthefuture。2６Ａ

27Ｃ

28D

２9D

３０B３1A32Ａ

３3Ｄ

34C

35B36A

３7C

3８C

39C

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