2023年考研英语真题含答案解析

全国硕士硕士入学统一考试英语试题SｅctionI UｓｅｏfEnglｉｓhDirｅctｉons:Reａｄtｈｅfollｏwｉngtｅxt.Chooｓethｅbeｓtｗoｒd(s)fｏrｅａchnuｍbｅｒedblanｋandｍark[A]，［B],[C]ｏr[D]onANSＷEＲSHEET１.(10poiｎtｓ)ThehｏmeｌessmakeｕpagroｗiｎgperｃeｎtagｅｏfAｍericａ’spopuｌａtioｎ．EQ\X\BO(大１家)hｏｍelessnesshasreachｅdsｕcｈproportioｎsthatlocaｌｇoverｎmeｎtscan’tｐossiblyＥQ\X\BO(大2家)．TｏhelｐhomeｌeｓspeopleEQ\Ｘ\BO(大３家)ｉndependｅｎce,tｈefeｄeralｇovernmentmustsｕpportjｏbtｒainiｎgpｒoｇrａｍs,EＱ＼X\BＯ（大4家)thｅminimumwａｇｅ，andｆｕndｍoreｌow－costhouｓinｇ.ＥＱ\X\BＯ(大5家)ｅverｙonｅａgreｅｓｏｎtｈｅnumberｏfAmericaｎswｈoarehoｍｅless．ＥｓtimatesEQ\X\BO(大6家)anyｗhｅrefroｍ60０,0０0to3milｌion.EQ＼X＼BＯ（大7家)thefｉgureｍayｖａｒy,ａnalysｔsdoagｒeeonａnotherｍatter:thaｔｔhenumberｏfthｅｈｏmelｅsｓisEＱ\X＼ＢO(大8家).Oneｏftｈefｅderａernment’sstudiesEQ\X\BO（大9家)ｔhattheｎuｍbeｒｏｆtｈehomeｌesswillｒeaｃｈnｅarly19mｉllionbyｔｈｅendoｆthisdeｃade.ＦiｎdingwaysｔoEQ\X\BＯ(大１０家)thisgｒowiｎghｏmelｅsｓpopulationｈasbecomｅiｎｃreasinglydifficult.EQ\X\ＢO(大11家）whenhｏmelessiｎｄividuａlｓmanaｇetoｆｉndaＥQ\X\BO(大12家)thatｗiｌlgivetｈeｍthreemeａｌsadayandaplacetosｌeepatnｉght，aｇｏｏdnumｂｅｒsｔillspendｔｈｅbulkofeachdayEＱ\X\ＢO(大13家）thestreet．Partoｆtｈeproblemｉsthaｔmanyｈoｍeｌessａdultsareaｄｄictｅdｔoａlcohｏｌｏrdrugs．Andａsignｉfｉcａｎｔnuｍbeｒoftｈehomelｅsshaveｓｅｒiousmeｎtaldiｓorders.Mａnyothｅrs,EＱ\X\BO(大14家)notａｄdictedoｒmｅntaｌlyｉｌl,simplｙlackｔhｅeverydayEQ\X\BO(大1５家)skillsneｅdｅdｔｏturnｔｈｅirlｉvｅsＥQ\X\BO(大1６家).ＢosｔｏnGloｂeｒeｐｏrteｒChrｉsRｅiｄynotesthatｔheｓiｔuatｉｏnwｉｌｌｉmｐｒovｅonｌywhentｈereareEQ\Ｘ\BO（大1７家)prｏgramstｈatadｄressthｅmaｎyneedsofthｅhomeless.ＥQ＼X＼BO(大18家)EdwａrdZlotｋowski,dｉrectoｒｏfcomｍuniｔyserviceａtBeｎｔlｅyCoｌlｅgｅinMassaｃhｕsetｔs,EQ＼X\BO(大19家)ｉt,“ＴｈｅrehasｔｏbeＥQ\X\BO（大20家)ｏfprogｒａｍs.Ｗhａt’ｓneｅｄｅdiｓapａckagedeal.”１. ［A]Inｄeed［Ｂ]Liｋeｗise［Ｃ]Thｅｒeｆore[D]Furthermoｒe2.ﻩ[A］stand[B]ｃope[Ｃ]approve［D］rｅtain3．ﻩ[A]in[Ｂ]for[C]with[D]towaｒｄ4．ﻩ[A］raise[Ｂ]aｄd[Ｃ］take［D]keep5. [A]generalｌｙ[Ｂ］ａlｍoｓt［C］hａrdly［D］ｎoｔ６.ﻩ［A］ｃｏver[B］chaｎge［Ｃ］ｒange[Ｄ]differ7．ﻩ[A]Nｏwthａt[B］Aｌthｏugh［C]Prｏvided［D]Ｅｘｃeptthat８． ［A]iｎｆｌatiｎg[B]eｘpａｎdｉnｇ[C］ｉncreasｉng［D］extｅnding９． [A]pｒedictｓ[Ｂ]diｓplayｓ[C]pｒoｖes［D]diｓcovers１0． ［A］assist[B]track[C]sustａin[D]ｄismｉss１１.ﻩ［A］Henｃe[Ｂ］Ｂｕt[Ｃ]Even[Ｄ]Only１2．ﻩ[A］lodginｇ[B]shelter[C］ｄｗelling［D]hoｕse13. [Ａ]ｓearchiｎg［B]sｔroｌlｉng[C］ｃroｗdinｇ[D]wandeｒing１4.ﻩ［A]when［Ｂ]oｎce[C］whilｅ［Ｄ]whereaｓ1５． [Ａ]ｌｉfｅ［B]existeｎce[C]sｕrviｖａl[D]ｍaｉntenaｎce16． ［Ａ］ａrｏｕnd[B]ovｅｒ[C]on［D]uｐ17.ﻩ[A]compleｘ［B]ｃoｍprｅhensｉｖe[Ｃ]cｏmplｅmeｎtary[D］ｃoｍpｅnsatiｎg１8. [A］So[B]Sinｃe[Ｃ］As[D]Thus１9. ［A]puts[B]inｔｅｒpretｓ[Ｃ］assumeｓ[D]ｍaｋｅs20. ［A]ｓupervｉsiｏn［Ｂ］manipulation［Ｃ]ｒeｇulatｉon［D]coｏrdｉnａtｉonSectionIＩﻩRｅadingCｏｍpｒｅhensｉonPaｒｔAＤirｅctｉons:Reaｄthefolｌowingfourtｅxts.Aｎsｗerｔhequestiｏnｓbｅloweaｃｈtextbychooｓiｎg[A]，［Ｂ］，［C]，or[D].MａrkｙoｕranswｅrsoｎANSWＥRSHＥＥT1．(4０pｏｉｎｔｓ)Teｘt1Iｎspiteｏf“ｅndlessｔalｋofdifｆerencｅ,”Americansocｉetyisanaｍａzingmachinｅforhｏｍogｅnｉzingpeｏple．Therｅis“thedemｏcratｉzingｕnｉｆormityoｆｄｒessandｄiscourse,ａndthｅｃasuａｌｎessandａｂsenceoｆdeferencｅ”charactｅｒisticofpopularcｕｌture.Peopleａｒeaｂｓorbedinto“acultuｒeofｃｏnsumption”ｌauｎｃhｅdbyｔhe1９th-centurｙdeｐaｒｔｍｅntstoｒeｓtｈａtofｆeｒed“vａｓｔarｒayｓｏｆgｏodｓinanelegantatmosphere.Insteaｄofｉｎtｉmａｔeshopscaterｉngtｏaknｏｗlｅdgeableeｌitｅ，”tｈesｅwerestｏres“anyｏneｃouｌdenter,regaｒdｌessofcｌassｏrbａckgrｏuｎd.Tｈiｓｔurnedsｈopｐingiｎtoapｕblicａnｄdemocrａticact．”Themasｓmｅdia,advertisingandspoｒtｓareｏthｅrforcesｆorhoｍogenizａtiｏｎ.Ｉmｍigrantｓarｅqｕｉcｋlyfittinｇｉntoｔhiｓcomｍｏｎcultｕrｅ，whicｈｍaynｏtbｅaｌｔｏｇeｔｈｅrｅlｅｖａtingｂutishaｒdlypoiｓonous.WｒiｔingfｏrtheNａｔiｏnaｌIｍｍigrationFoｒum，ＧreｇoryRodｒiguｅｚreportｓｔhattoｄａy’ｓiｍｍiｇｒａtioniｓｎeｉtheratuｎprｅcedｅnteｄlｅｖelｓnｏrresistanｔtｏａssimilation.In１99８ｉmmiｇｒantｓwｅｒe９．8percentofｐopｕlａｔioｎ;ｉn１900,1３．6pｅｒｃent.Iｎｔhe１0ｙeａｒspriｏrto199０,3.1iｍmigraｎtsａrriｖedｆｏreveｒy1,０00ｒeｓidents;inthｅ10ｙearspｒiｏrto１890,9.2foｒevery1，00０．Now,conｓiderｔhreeindicｅsofａssiｍｉｌatiｏｎ－-langｕage，homeowｎersｈipanｄiｎｔermａrriage.The1９90Cｅnsusreveａｌedtｈat“aｍajoriｔyofｉmmiｇｒantsfrｏmeａchoftｈeｆiｆｔeeｎmosｔcoｍｍoncｏuｎｔriesofｏrｉginspokｅEnｇｌｉｓh‘ｗelｌ’ｏr‘veryｗeｌl’ａftｅｒtenyｅarsoｆrｅｓidｅｎcｅ.”ＴhechildrenoｆｉmmｉgｒａntstendtobeｂiｌiｎguａlanｄpｒoficieｎｔinEｎgｌiｓｈ.“Bｙｔhetｈiｒdｇeｎeraｔion,ｔhｅorigｉnalｌaｎｇuageisｌostinthｅｍaｊoｒiｔyｏfｉmmigrantfａｍilｉes.”HencethedescriptioｎoｆAmｅricaaｓａ“gｒavｅyaｒd”ｆorlaｎguａｇes．Bｙ１９9６foreign－ｂornｉmmｉgraｎｔｓwhｏｈadarriｖedｂeｆoｒe197０hadahomeoｗnersｈiprateoｆ7５.６ｐｅrcenｔ，hiｇhertｈaｎthe69．8ｐercｅntrateａmonｇnａtive－borｎAｍericans.Fｏreign-borｎAｓiaｎsanｄHisｐaｎics“hａｖehigherrａtesofｉnｔｅｒmarriａgethａndoU．S.-boｒnｗｈiｔｅｓandblaｃｋｓ.”Bythetｈirdgeneｒaｔiｏn,ｏｎｅthiｒdoｆHispａｎｉcｗｏmenａremarriｅｄｔonｏn-Ｈisｐａnics，ａｎd41peｒcentoｆAsian－Americanwomenａremaｒriedtonon-Asiａｎs．RｏdriｇuezｎotｅsｔhａtcｈilｄｒｅｎinremotｅvilｌａgesaroundｔheworldａrefaｎsｏfsuｐerstaｒslikｅArnoｌｄＳｃhwａrzeneggerａndGartｈＢrｏｏｋs,yeｔ“someAmeｒｉｃansfeaｒthatimmigranｔsliviｎｇwiｔhinｔheＵniteｄStａtesｒｅmaｉnsomehowｉmｍuｎｅtothｅｎatiｏn’ｓａssimilａtiｖｅpoweｒ.”ＡreｔｈｅrｅdiｖｉｓiｖeｉsｓuｅsandpocketsofseetｈiｎgangｅｒinAmｅrｉca?Indｅed.Iｔisｂｉgenｏuｇhtohａvｅabitoｆｅvｅrythｉｎg.BｕtｐaｒtiｃulａrｌywｈenviewedaｇainsｔAmerica’sｔuｒbuleｎtpａｓt,todａy’ssocialｉndiceｓhａrｄlyｓｕggesｔａdaｒkaｎdｄeteriｏraｔｉｎｇsocialｅｎvirｏnmeｎｔ.21.ﻩTheｗord“homogeniｚｉng”(Line2,Parａｇｒaph1)mostprobablｙmeaｎs_＿______.[A]iｄeｎtiｆｙing[B］asｓｏciating[C]aｓｓimilatiｎg[Ｄ］monｏpolizing22.ﻩAｃcｏrdingtotheａuthor,thedeｐartmeｎｔｓtoresofthe19tｈｃentury______＿_.[Ａ］plaｙeｄａroleｉntheｓpreadｏｆpopulａｒculture［B]beｃａmeiｎｔimateshopsforｃommoｎcoｎsｕmeｒs[C]ｓatisfｉedtｈeneeｄsofａknowｌeｄgeaｂleｅlite[D]owｅdiｔｓemerｇencetoｔｈecｕlｔurｅofcｏnsumptｉｏｎ23.ﻩTｈetextsuggestｓtｈatimmigrantsnowinthｅU.S.＿_______.[A］ａrｅresistaｎttohomogｅnizａｔiｏn[B]exｅrｔａgｒeatiｎfluｅnceonAｍeｒiｃaｎｃultｕｒe[C]areharｄｌyathreatｔｏｔｈecｏｍmoｎcｕｌture[Ｄ]constｉtutethemａjｏriｔyofthepｏpｕlation24.ﻩWhｙareＡrnoldScｈwarzeｎeggｅrａndGarｔh[A］Tｏproveｔheiｒpoｐulａrityarouｎdｔhewｏｒld.[B]Ｔｏrevｅalthepublic’sfeaｒofiｍmiｇrａnts．[C］Togivｅexampｌesｏfsｕccessfulimmigraｎts．[D]TｏｓｈｏwtｈepoｗｅrfuｌinflueｎceofAmericａncultｕrｅ.25. Ｉｎｔheａｕthor’sopiｎion,ｔhｅａbｓorptｉonoｆimｍigrantsｉntoAmeｒｉcansｏcietｙis________.[A]rewarding[Ｂ］ｓｕｃｃeｓsful［C］fruitｌeｓｓ[Ｄ］harmfulＴｅxｔ2Stｒatford－ｏｎ-Avoｎ，aswｅaｌlknoｗ，hasonlyoneｉnduｓｔｒy--ＷiｌliａmＳhaｋespeare－-buttheｒearｅtwｏdistincｔｌｙseparａteandincreasiｎglyhostｉlｅbraｎches．TheｒeistｈeRoyａlShaｋespeareCｏｍｐａny（RSＣ)，wｈiｃｈpｒesenｔｓsupｅｒbprｏductｉoｎｓoｆtｈeplａysatｔｈeShakespeareMｅmoriａlThｅatreontheAｖｏn.Andtｈereaｒetｈetｏwnsｆolkwｈolａｒｇｅlylｉveｏffthｅtouristsｗhoｃome,nottoseethｅpｌａｙs,buｔｔolｏoｋatAｎneＨａthawａｙ’sCoｔtaｇe,Shakespｅａre’sｂirthｐlaｃｅａnｄｔhｅothｅrsｉghtｓ.ＴheｗorthｙresｉｄｅntsoｆStｒatfordｄouｂtthａtthetheaｔrｅaｄdｓaｐennytoｔheirrｅｖenue.ThｅｙｆrａnklｙdisｌikeｔｈeRSＣ’sacｔors，thｅmwiththeirlｏngｈairanｄbeardsandsａndaｌｓaｎdnｏｉｓiｎess．It’ｓalldelｉciouslyiｒonicwｈｅnyoｕｃonsｉｄerthatShａｋesｐｅare,whoｅarnstｈeiｒｌiｖing,wａｓhimselfaｎaｃtｏｒ（wｉthaｂeaｒd)ａnddidhｉsshａrｅｏfnoｉsｅ-ｍakinｇ.Theｔoｕriｓtｓtrｅamsarenotentｉｒelｙｓepａｒａtｅ.Thesiｇhtseｅrswhoｃomeｂｙbuｓ－-ａndｏftentakeinWarwickCastleandBlenｈeｉmPalaceonthesiｄｅ－－ｄoｎ’tusuａllysｅetheplays,aｎｄsomeofｔhemareｅｖensuｒprｉｓedtofｉｎdaｔｈeatreinStｒａtｆoｒd.Ｈoｗｅｖer,thｅplaygoersdomanagealｉttlesiｇｈt－sｅeingalｏngwｉｔhtheiｒplａyｇoing．Iｔisｔhｅplaygoers,thｅＲSCcｏnｔends，ｗｈobringｉnmuchofthｅtｏwn’sｒeveｎｕebｅcausetheyｓpeｎｄthｅｎighｔ(sｏmeｏｆthemfｏuroｒfivenigｈｔs）poｕrｉngcashiｎtothehoｔelsandreｓtａuraｎts.Thesightｓeeｒscantakeinevｅｒythingandgeｔouｔoftｏｗnｂynｉｇhｔfaｌl.Thetownsfｏｌkｄｏn’tseｅittｈiswａyaｎdloｃaｌcｏunｃiｌdｏｅsｎotconｔributｅdirｅctlｙtotｈesubsｉdyoftheRｏｙａｌSｈakｅspeaｒｅComｐaｎy.Stratforｄcｒiesｐooｒtraditioｎally.Neveｒthelｅｓｓeｖerｙhoteliｎｔownseemｓtoｂeａddingaｎewwiｎgｏｒcocｋｔａiｌloｕngｅ.Hｉｌｔｏｎｉsbｕiｌdｉngｉtsoｗnｈotｅｌtherｅ,ｗｈichyoumaｙｂesuｒeｗillbedｅcoratedwithＨaｍlｅtHaｍbuｒgerＢarｓ，theLｅarLounge,tｈeBaｎｑuｏＢanｑuｅtiｎgRoom,aｎｄsｏｆorth,andｗiｌlbeverｙｅｘpeｎsiｖe.Ａnyｗaｙ，thetｏwnsfｏlkcaｎ’tｕnｄeｒｓtａｎｄwhythｅRoyaｌSｈakespeareCompanyneedsasuｂsidｙ.(Thethｅatｒehasbrokｅnaｔtendａnｃerｅｃｏrdsfｏrthrｅeyｅａｒｓinａrow.Ｌastyeａｒits1,4３1ｓeatｓwerｅ９4percentocｃupiｅdaｌｌｙearlongandthiｓｙｅartｈey’lｌdｏbeｔter.）Tｈerｅason,ofcoｕrse,ｉsthatｃosｔshａverｏcketedandtｉckｅtpriceshaveｓtayeｄlow.ItｗoｕldbeaｓhametoraｉsｅｐriｃｅstoomuchｂｅcａuｓｅitwouldｄriveawaytｈeyoungpeｏpｌewhoareＳtratford’sｍoｓtattractivｅcｌiｅntelｅ.Ｔheycomeentiｒelｙfortheplays,nｏtthｅsights.Thｅyａllseemtoｌookalike(thouｇhtheｙｃomeｆrｏmａlloｖｅｒ)--ｌean,pointeｄ，dedicatedｆaces,ｗearingjeanｓandsaｎdａls，eaｔingｔｈeirｂunsanｄbeddingdownforthｅｎightontheflagstonesｏutｓidｅthetｈeatretｏbｕythｅ20ｓeatｓａnd80ｓｔandiｎg-roｏmtiｃketsheldｆorｔｈｅsｌeeperｓanｄsoｌdｔｏthemwheｎtheboxｏfｆiｃeopenｓａt10:３０a.m.26. Ｆｒomtheｆirsttｗoparaｇｒａphs,welearnｔhat____＿___.［A]ｔｈetｏwｎsfolkdenytheＲSＣ’scontribuｔiontoｔｈetown’sｒｅvｅnue[B]tｈeａctorsｏｆtheRSＣimitateShakeｓpｅarｅonandoffｓtａgｅ[C]thetwoｂraｎｃhesｏftheRSCarｅｎｏｔongoodteｒmｓ［D]tｈetownsfolkearｎlittleｆrｏmtourism２7． ＩｔcａnbeinｆｅrrｅdｆromPaｒagraph3tｈａt______＿_.[Ａ]thesiｇhｔseｅrscannotviｓitthｅCastleaｎdthePalaｃeｓｅparately［B]thepｌaygoersspeｎdmoremonｅｙthanthesightｓｅers[C]thesiｇhtseerｓｄomoｒeshｏｐpiｎgtｈanｔheｐlaｙｇoeｒs［D]theplayｇoersgotonｏｏtherplacｅｓintowｎthanthetheaｔｅｒ２８．ﻩＢysaying“Ｓtraｔfordcrｉesｐｏortrａdｉｔioｎaｌlｙ”(Ｌｉne2-3,Paragｒapｈ4),theａuｔhorimｐｌiesthat__＿＿_＿_＿．[A]Ｓｔｒａtfordｃａｎnotaｆfordtheｅxpａnsiｏnpｒｏjｅcｔs［Ｂ]Sｔratfoｒdhaｓｌongbeｅninfinanciaｌｄifficuｌties［C]tｈetｏwnisnotrｅalｌyshorｔｏfmoney[Ｄ]tｈeｔｏwnsfolkuseｄtobepoorlypaid2９.ﻩAcｃoｒｄｉnｇｔotｈetｏwnsfｏlｋ，ｔheRSCdeservesｎｏsuｂｓｉdybｅcａｕse＿_______.[Ａ］tiｃｋeｔｐricescaｎberaｉsedtｏcovertheｓｐending[B]thecomｐanyｉsfｉｎａnciaｌlｙill-managｅｄ[C］thｅbehaviorofthｅacｔorｓisnｏtsociallyaccepｔaｂle[D］tｈetheａtreatｔｅndaｎceisonｔhｅrise３0．ﻩFromｔｈetextweｃanconclｕdethaｔtheauｔhor＿______＿.[A]issｕpportiveｏfｂotｈsｉdes[B]faｖoｒsthetoｗｎsｆoｌk’sviｅｗ[C]takesadetacheｄaｔtitude[Ｄ]issyｍpatheticｔothｅRＳＣText３Whenpｒｅhistorｉcｍanａrｒivedinnｅwpａｒtsｏftｈeworld,somethinｇstｒａｎgｅhappenedtｏthｅｌargｅanimals.Tｈeyｓuddｅｎlybeｃａｍeextiｎｃt.Smａlｌeｒｓpｅｃiｅｓsｕrvived．Thelarge,slｏw-grｏwｉｎgaｎimaｌsｗereeasygame,ａnｄｗereｑuiｃklyｈunｔeｄtoextincｔｉon.Nowｓomeｔhingsimilａrcouldbehapｐeｎingintheoceanｓ.Thａｔtheseasarebeingoｖerfisheｄhasbeeｎknｏwnforｙears.WｈaｔrｅsearｃhｅrｓsuchasRansomMyersａｎｄBoriｓWormｈaveshownｉsjuｓthｏwfａstｔhinｇsａrechaｎｇiｎg.Tｈeyhavｅlookedａthaｌfacｅnturｙｏfdatafｒomfisｈｅrieｓaroundthewｏrld.Tｈeirmeｔhodsdonｏtatteｍptｔoestｉmatetｈeaｃtuａlbiomaｓs(theamounｔoflｉvingbiolｏｇｉｃａlｍatter）offｉｓhspeｃiesｉnpaｒticuｌａrpartsoftheoｃean，butｒａtheｒchａnｇesintｈａtbiomａsｓovertimｅ.AccordingｔotｈeiｒlateｓtpaｐerｐublisｈediｎＮａｔｕre,theｂｉｏmａssｏflaｒｇeｐredaｔoｒs(animalsｔhatｋｉｌlａｎdｅａtoｔheｒanimals)ｉnanewｆisｈeryｉｓreducedｏｎaｖeｒａgeｂy80%witｈin15yearsofthestartofｅｘpｌoitation．Ｉnｓoｍelong-fiｓhedareas,iｔｈashａlvedagaiｎsｉnｃethen．Ｄr.Wｏrmａcｋｎowlｅdgestｈａttｈｅｓeｆigureｓaｒeconserｖatｉve.Onｅｒeaｓoｎfoｒthiｓiｓthａtｆisｈiｎgtｅchｎｏloｇyhasiｍproｖed.Todaｙ’ｓveｓselscａnfindtheｉｒpreyusingsａtelliｔｅsaｎｄsonaｒ，ｗhｉcｈｗerenoｔavailaｂlｅ50ｙｅarsａgo.Thaｔmeaｎsahighｅｐortionoｆwhatisintheseaisbeingcａughｔ,sothｅｒealdifferencebetｗｅｅnpreseｎtanｄpａｓtisｌiｋelｙｔoｂeｗｏrsetｈantｈeonｅrecordｅｄbychangesiｎcaｔｃhsizes．Intheearlｙdays，tｏｏ，longliｎeswｏuldｈaveｂｅenmorｅｓaｔuｒaｔｅｄｗithfisｈ.Ｓomｅiｎｄｉvｉdualswouldthereｆoｒenotｈaｖebｅencaught,sincｅnoｂaitedhｏｏkswｏuldhavebeenaｖａiｌablｅtotraptheｍ,lｅadinｇｔｏanunderestiｍａtｅoffishsｔｏｃksiｎｔｈepast.Fｕrtheｒmorｅ,ｉnthｅｅarlydaysoflonｇlｉｎｅfiｓhｉng，alotofｆｉshwerelostｔｏsｈａrksａfｔerthｅyｈadbｅenhooked.Thａtiｓnolｏngerａproblem,ｂecausetherｅarefewｅrｓharｋｓaｒoundnow.Dｒ．ＭyeｒsaｎdＤｒ.Wｏrｍaｒｇueｔｈattheiｒworｋgiｖｅsａｃorｒeｃtbasｅlｉｎe,whichfuturｅmaｎagｅmeｎｔeffoｒtｓmｕsttaｋｅiｎtoａccount.Theｙｂelｉｅvethedatａｓupportaｎideacurｒenｔamongmarinebｉｏlogists，ｔhatoftｈe“shiftｉngｂaseliｎe．”Thenotioｎisthａtｐeopleｈａｖefａｉｌedtodｅtecｔｔｈemassivechaｎgｅsｗｈiｃｈｈａｖｅｈappｅnｅdinthｅoceanbｅcａuｓｅｔｈeyhavｅbｅenlookingbackonlyarｅlativelyshｏrttiｍｅintothepast.Thaｔmaｔteｒsbｅcausｅtｈeorysugｇｅｓｔsthattｈeｍaximｕmsustainableyｉｅldthaｔcａnｂecropｐedｆrｏmafｉsｈerycｏmｅswhenｔhebiｏmａｓsofatargetｓｐeciｅsisａｂouｔ50%ｏｆiｔsorｉｇinａlｌｅvｅls.Mosｔｆiｓheriesａreｗelｌbｅlowｔhaｔ,whicｈisabadwaytｏｄobusiness.31． Ｔheeｘtiｎctｉｏnoｆlarｇｅｐｒehisｔoriｃａｎｉｍalsｉsnｏｔeｄｔｏｓuggestthaｔ＿__＿__＿_.[A]laｒgeaniｍalｗeｒｅｖuｌnerａｂｌeｔothechangingenvｉroｎmenｔ[B]sｍａｌｌspecｉessurvivｅdaslａrgｅanimaｌｓdisaｐpeaｒｅd[C]largesｅaaniｍalsmaｙｆａｃｅtｈesaｍｅthrｅatｔoday[D]sloｗ-growiｎgｆiｓhｏuｔliｖefasｔ-ｇroｗｉngoｎes32． ＷecaninｆerfｒomＤr.ＭｙｅrｓaｎdＤr.Worm’ｓpaperｔhat__＿＿_＿_＿.[A］tｈesｔockofｌargepｒｅdａtorsｉnsｏｍｅｏｌdｆiｓhｅｒiｅsｈａsｒｅdｕceｄby90％[B]tｈeｒｅareonｌyhalｆasmａnyｆisherｉｅsastherewere15ｙeａrｓａgｏ[C］tｈecatｃhｓizesiｎｎｅwfisherｉesaｒｅonly20％ofｔheorigｉnalaｍount［D]thｅnumbeｒofｌargｅrｐredatoｒsdroｐpedｆaｓｔerinneｗfisｈｅriｅｓthａｎｉntｈｅｏld33．ﻩＢyｓayｉng"thｅｓefigurｅsaｒecoｎservatｉve"(Line1,pａragraph3),Dｒ.Ｗｏrmmeaｎsｔｈａt_______＿.[A]ｆisｈinｇtechｎologyｈasimpｒｏvedrａｐidｌy[Ｂ］tｈecaｔcｈ-ｓizesareactｕallysmallerthanrecoｒｄed［C]tｈｅmarｉnebｉｏmassｈassuffereｄaｇreaｔerloss[Ｄ]thedaｔacolleｃｔeｄｓｏfarareoｕtofdａte34.ﻩDｒ.Mｙerｓandotherrｅｓeａｒchershｏldtｈaｔ________.[A]peopｌｅshouldloｏｋｆorａbaseｌiｎethａｔcanwoｒｋforａlongertiｍe[B]fisｈｅrieｓshouldkeeptheiryiｅｌｄsｂｅlow5０%ｏｆtｈｅbiomass[C]theoceaｎbiｏmassshouldｂerｅstoreｄtoiｔsｏrｉgｉnaｌｌｅｖｅl[D]peopｌeshｏｕldadjustｔhefｉｓhｉngｂaseliｎeｔothｅcｈanginｇsituａtion3５.ﻩThｅauthorseｅｍｓtobｅmainｌycoｎｃｅrnedwiｔhmostfisｈeｒiｅs’________.[A］mａnageｍeｎtｅffiｃienｃy[B]biomasｓleｖel［C]catch-sizelｉｍｉts［Ｄ]technoｌogicalapplｉcaｔｉoｎＴext4Manytｈingsmakepeｏplethinkａrtｉsｔｓａreweｉｒd．Bｕttheweirdｅstmaybｅthis:aｒtists’onｌｙjobｉstoｅxploreemｏtions,andyeｔtheychoｏsetofocusｏntheonesｔhatｆeelbａd.Tｈiswasn’talwａｙssｏ.Theearｌｉestformsofart,likeｐaintｉnｇaｎdmuｓic,ａretｈoｓebesｔｓuitｅdｆorｅxpｒessｉngｊｏy.Ｂｕtsomewhｅrefromthe１９tｈceｎturyonwaｒｄ,mｏrｅartistsbeganｓeeｉngｈappinessasmeaｎｉｎｇｌess,ｐhｏnyoｒ,ｗorstofａll，ｂｏriｎｇ,aswewentfrｏmWordsworｔh’sdａｆｆodilｓtoBaudelaire’ｓflｏｗersｏfｅvil．Ｙｏucouldａｒguethaｔartbecａｍemoreｓｋepticalofｈappｉｎｅssbｅcａusemoderntimeshａvesｅenｓｏmｕｃhｍｉserｙ.Buｔit’snotasifeaｒliertiｍesdidn’tknoｗperpetualｗar，ｄiｓａstｅrａndtｈemassacrｅofinｎoceｎts.Theｒｅaｓon,ｉnfaｃt,ｍaybejusttheｏpｐｏsｉte:thｅreistoomｕchdamnhappinｅssｉnｔhｅwｏｒldtodａｙ.Aｆterall,ｗｈａtistheoneｍodernforｍoｆｅｘｐressｉonalmostｃomｐlｅｔelｙdｅdiｃaｔeｄtoｄeｐｉｃtｉｎghappinｅｓs?Adｖertｉsing.Theriseｏfａｎti-haｐpyaｒtalmosｔexacｔlｙｔｒackｓｔheemergｅnceofｍaｓsｍedia,ａndwitｈit,acommｅrciａlｃulturｅinwhicｈｈappiｎesｓiｓnotjuｓｔaｎidealbｕtａｎｉｄeolｏgy.Ｐｅoplｅineａrliereｒaswereｓurrｏundeｄbｙreｍindersoｆmisｅry.Thｅｙwｏrｋｅduntiｌｅxhａusted，liｖedwitｈｆｅwｐrotｅｃtionsandｄieｄyｏung.IntheＷest,befｏremasｓcoｍmuｎicaｔｉonandliteraｃy，thｅｍｏstpoweｒfulmaｓｓmediuｍwaｓthｅcｈuｒch,wｈiｃｈremindedｗoｒshipperstｈａtthｅiｒsoulswｅｒeiｎdangerandthattｈeｙwouｌdsomedayｂemｅａtforwoｒｍｓ.Givenalltｈｉs,ｔhｅydidｎotexaｃtlｙｎｅedtheirarttoｂeabummｅrtoｏ.ＴodaythｅmessagestｈeａverageWeｓtｅｒnerissｕrrｏundedwitharｅnｏtrelｉgiousbuｔｃommercial,aｎdｆｏrｅｖerhappy.Faｓt-foｏdeatｅrs，newｓanｃhｏrs,textmessｅｎｇeｒs,ａllｓmiliｎg，ｓmilinｇ,sｍilｉng.Oｕrｍaｇaziｎｅsfｅaｔurebeamingcelebｒitiesａndｈaｐpyfamｉliesinpｅrfｅcthomes．Andsinceｔhesｅmｅｓｓaｇｅshａveanagenda--tｏｌｕreuｓtoopｅｎｏurwaｌlets--tｈｅymａｋetheverｙideaofｈappinessseemuｎreliable.“Ｃｅlebraｔe!”ｃoｍｍandｅdtｈeadsfortheaｒthｒiｔｉsｄrｕｇCeｌebrex,bｅforewefｏｕnｄoutitcoｕldinｃreasetherisｋofheartａttaｃks.Bｕtwhatｗeｆorget--whatoureconomydeｐｅnｄsoｎusｆorgeｔｔｉng－-isｔhathaｐpinesｓismoretｈaｎplｅaｓurewithｏutpain．Thethｉngｓｔhatbriｎgｔhｅgreaｔestjｏyｃarｒyｔhegrｅaｔeｓtpｏｔeｎtialforlossanｄdisappｏinｔｍent．Todａy,ｓuｒｒoundｅdｂｙpromiｓesｏfeasyhappiness,ｗeｎｅedarｔtoｔｅllus，ａｓreligionoｎｃedｉd,Meｍｅntomorｉ:remembeｒthaｔyoｕwｉlｌdie,ｔhateｖerｙthingendｓ，aｎｄthathaｐpiｎessｃomｅsｎoｔindenyingｔhisbｕtinlｉvingwithiｔ．It’saｍessageevｅnｍoreｂitterthanaｃｌovｅcｉgarette，ｙet，somehow，aｂrｅaｔhoｆfresｈaｉr.36.ﻩBｙcｉtiｎgｔhｅexａmpｌesｏfpoeｔsＷordｓwoｒthanｄBauｄelaｉrｅ,theａｕtｈorｉｎteｎdstoshoｗthaｔ＿____＿__.[A]poetryisｎotasexpreｓsiveofjoyaspaintｉnｇormusic[B］aｒｔgrowｓoutｏｆbothｐosiｔiveandnegaｔivｅfｅｅlｉnｇs[C]pｏetstodayarelｅｓｓsｋepticalｏfhappiｎess[D]ａｒtｉｓtｓhａvｅchaｎｇeｄthｅiｒfocｕｓoｆiｎterest37.ﻩTheword“ｂummer”(Ｌｉne5,paragraph５)mostprｏbaｂlｙmeanssｏｍeｔｈｉｎｇ_______＿.[Ａ]ｒeligｉｏｕｓ［B］ｕｎplｅasant［C］enteｒtaiｎｉｎg[D］commeｒcｉal38.ﻩInthｅauthoｒ’sopiniｏn,advertisｉng__＿__＿__.[A]emergesiｎthewakeoｆthｅanti－hａppyarｔ[B]iｓacauseofｄisappointmｅntfｏrthegeneralｐｕbｌic[C]replaｃesthechurchasaｍajorｓourｃeofinforｍation[D]crｅaｔeｓａniｌｌuｓionofhａｐpiｎessｒatｈertｈａnhaｐpiｎessitselｆ39. Wecanlearnfroｍthelasｔpａｒagraｐhtｈaｔtｈeautｈoｒbeｌｉevｅs_＿__＿___.[A]happinessｍoreoｆtenthaｎnotendsｉnsadnｅｓs［Ｂ]theａｎtｉ－happyartisdistasteｆulｂutｒｅｆrｅshiｎg［C]misｅryshouldbeeｎjoｙｅdｒａthertｈandenｉeｄ［D］ｔhｅanti-hａppyａrtflourisheswhｅnｅconoｍybooms４0.ﻩＷｈichofthefｏｌlowiｎgistｒuｅoftｈeteｘt?［A]Reliｇioｎoncefunctiｏｎedaｓaｒeｍindeｒofmｉsery.[Ｂ]Avideｓabaｌanｃeｂetwｅeｎｅxpectａtionanｄrｅality．[Ｃ]Peoplefeｅldisaｐｐointedatthereａliｔｉeｓoｆmodeｒnsociety.［Ｄ]Massmediaaｒeｉnclｉnedｔｏcovｅrdｉsａsｔeｒsanddeathｓ.PartBDiｒeｃｔｉonｓ:Inthefollowiｎgartｉｃｌe,somｅｓenteｎｃｅshavebeenremｏved．FｏｒQueｓtiｏns４１-45，ｃhｏoｓethemｏｓtsuiｔabｌeoｎefromthelisｔA-Gｔofitintoeachｏｆｔhenumｂeredｇaｐs．Ｔheｒeaｒeｔwoｅxtraｃｈoices,wｈichyoudonｏtneedtoｕseinanyofthｅblanｋs.MarｋyouｒａｎswersｏnANSWEＲSHEET1.(10poｉntｓ)OｎtｈenortｈbanｋoftheOhioｒｉversitｓEvaｎsville，Ind.,ｈomｅｏfDavidWｉlliams,52,andofａriｖerboatcａｓｉno(apｌacewｈｅregaｍblinｇgamesareplaｙed).Durｉngsｅvｅｒalyeａrｓofgａmblingｉnｔhａｔcasinｏ，Wｉｌliams,astaｔeauditorｅarninｇ$Hｅvisitｅdtｈecasino，lostｔhe$20ａndｌeft.Ｏnhissｅcondｖisｉｔheｌｏｓt$800.Tｈeｃasｉｎoissuedｔoｈｉｍ,ａsａgoｏdcustomｅr,ａ＂FunCard",ｗhiｃhwhｅｎusediｎtｈeｃasiｎｏeａrnspointsfoｒmealsａｎddｒinｋｓ，anｄｅｎａbｌesthecaｓinotｏｔｒacktｈeuser’ｓｇamblｉngactiviｔies．FoｒWｉｌliams,thoｓeactiｖitｉｅsbecomeｗｈａthｅcalls＂ｅlectrｏｎｉcheroiｎ".(41)__＿_＿_＿_．Iｎ1９97helｏsｔ$21,000tｏonｅslｏtmaｃｈineintwodaｙs．InMarｃh1９97helosｔ$７2,１８６.Hesoｍｅtimesplayedｔwｏslｏtmachｉｎesatａtime，aｌｌｎigｈt,untiltheｂｏatｄockｅdat5a.ｍ．,thenｗentbaｃkａbｏａｒdｗhｅｎtheｃasｉnｏopeneｄaｔ9ａ.m．Nｏwｈeｉsｓuingthecasinｏ,cｈａrｇｉｎｇｔｈatitsｈｏuldｈavereｆuｓｅdｈisｐａtronagｅbecausｅiｔkｎewｈｅｗasadｄiｃｔeｄ.Itdidknowhehadapｒoblem.InMarch1998ａfriｅndofWilliａms’sgotｈｉｍinｖｏｌunｔａrilyconｆinｅdtoatreatmｅntceｎtｅrｆoｒaｄdｉｃtiｏns,ａｎdｗrotetoinformthecaｓｉnoofWiｌliams’sｇambｌiｎgpｒoblｅｍ.ＴhecａsinoiｎcludedaphotoofＷｉlｌiaｍsamongthoｓｅofbaｎnedgａｍblｅrｓ，andwrotetohima“ceaｓｅadmissions”lｅtter．Notingthemeｄiｃal/psychologicalnaｔｂlｅmgａmblｉngｂehavｉor，theletteｒsaｉdｔhaｔbeforｅｂeｉnｇreaｄｍｉtｔeｄtｏｔｈecasinohｅwoｕlｄhaｖetｏｐrｅｓentmeｄicａｌ/psｙchoｌogｉcalinformaｔiｏndｅmｏｎstrａｔｉngｔhatｐａｔronizｉnｇtｈecasiｎowouldpｏsｅｎothrｅattoｈｉｓsafetyorwell-being.（４2）________.TheWallStreetJｏuｒnalreporｔsthatthecasinohas２4siｇnswａrning：“Enjoytheｆun...ａｎdalｗａysｂetwｉthｙｏurheaｄ，ｎｏtoｖerit.”Everｙｅntranｃetickｅｔlistsatｏll-fｒeenuｍberｆｏrｃounｓelｉnｇfｒｏmtｈeＩｎdiａnaDeparｔmentofMenｔalHealｔｈ.Nevertheless,Wilｌiａmｓ’sｓuitchargestｈattｈecasｉno,knoｗｉnｇhewaｓ“ｈｅlｐleｓｓｌyaｄdictedtogaｍblｉng,”iｎtentiｏnａｌlyworkedto“lｕｒe”hｉmto“engagｅinｃoｎｄuctagａiｎｓtｈｉswill.”Weｌl．（43)___＿＿＿__．ＴhefourtｈedｉtｉonｏfthｅDiａgnoｓｔicaｎdＳtaｔｉsticａlMａnuaｌｏfMentaｌＤiｓｏｒdｅｒsｓayｓ“pathoｌｏgiｃalgａmbｌing”invoｌvesｐｅrsistenｔ,recurriｎｇanduｎcｏnｔrollabｌｅｐursｕitlessofmoneythａnoｆthrilｌｏftａkinｇrisksｉnquestoｆawｉndfall.（４4）__＿＿＿＿＿＿.Pushｅｄｂysｃience,orｗhatclａiｍｓｔobescienｃｅ,societｙisreclasｓifyinｇwｈatoｎcewerecｏnsideredchａｒacterfｌawsormoralｆaｉlingsaspersonalｉtydisordersakiｎtopｈysicaｌdisａbiliｔｉｅs．(４5)_＿_＿＿___．Forty-ｆourｓｔａｔｅshavelotｔerｉes,２9haｖｅcａsiｎos,andmｏstoｆtｈｅsesｔatｅsareｔovaryinｇｄegrｅesdepｅｎdenton--yｏumｉghｔsaｙａｄdｉｃteｄto--ｒevenuesfromｗaｇerｉng.AｎdｓｉncethefirstIｎteｒｎeｔgamblｉｎgｓiｔｅwasｃreatedｉn199５，ｃｏmpetitｉoｎfoｒgambｌers’ｄｏllaｒshasbｅｃｏｍｅinteｎse．ＴhｅOct．28ｉsｓueｏfNewsｗeｅｋreｐortedｔｈat2ｍｉlliongambｌerspatｒoniｚe1,800virtualcaｓinosｅveryｗeek.Wｉtｈ$3.５ｂilｌiｏｎbｅinglｏsｔonＩnterｎｅtwaｇersthisｙｅar,gambliｎghaspasｓedpoｒnographｙaｓtheＷeb’smostpｒｏfitablｅbｕsiness.［A] Alｔhoｕｇhnoｓｕchｅvｉｄencｅwａｓpｒeseｎted，tｈecasino’ｓｍarketiｎgdepaｒtmenｔcoｎtinueｄtｏpeppｅｒｈｉmwithmailｉngｓ．AndheentｅｒedtｈeｃasinoandusedhisFｕnCarｄｗithoutbeiｎｇdｅｔeｃted．[B] Iｔiｓuncleaｒwhａｔluｒinｇwasrequiｒｅd，giveｎhiｓｃompｕlsｉvebｅhaviｏr.Anｄinwhatsenｓewａｓhiswiｌlｏperａtｉve?[C］ Bytheｔimｅhehadlost＄５,000ｈeｓａｉdtoｈimselfthatifhecoulｄgｅtbaｃｋtｏeveｎ，hｅｗoulｄquｉt．Onenｉｇhｔhewoｎ$5,50０,bｕtｈｅｄidnotquit．[D]ﻩＧaｍbliｎghａsbeeｎacommｏnfeａtｕreofAmeriｃanｌｉfefｏrever，ｂuｔforaｌｏngtｉmeitｗasbｒoａdlycｏnｓiderｅｄaｓｉn,orasocialdiseaｓe．Nowｉtｉsasｏciａlpoｌiｃy：thｅmｏstimportantaｎdaggressｉvｅpromｏterofgamblingｉｎAmericaiｓｔhegoｖｅrｎment．[E]ﻩDaｖｉdＷｉlliams’sｓuitshｏuldtrｏublethiｓgamblinｇｎａtion.Ｂｕtdon’tbetonit.[F] Itisworrｉsomｅthatｓocietyｉsｍｅｄicalizingmoreandmｏrebｅhaｖiｏralproblems,oｆtｅndｅfinｉngａｓａdｄicｔｉoｎsｗhateａｒlｉer,ｓternｅrgenerationsexplaineｄasｗeａknessofwilｌ.[G]ﻩＴheａｎonｙmｏus,ｌoｎely,undistraｃtｅdnatｕｒeｏfonｌinｅｇａmblｉnｇiｓespｅｃiaｌlyｃoｎduｃivetocomｐulsivｅbeｈavior.ＢutｅveｎiftheｇovernmeｎtkｎeｗhowtoｍoveａgａｉnstＩｎｔernetgamｂling,whａtwouｌdbeitsgｒounｄsforｄoｉnｇsｏ?PartCDｉrecｔｉｏns:ＩsittruethatｔhｅAmｅricaninteｌlｅｃｔｕａlｉsrejeｃtedandconsiｄｅredoｆnoacｃｏunｔinhisｓocieｔy?Iａｍgoinｇtosuｇgｅstthatitisｎoｔtrue.FatherＢrucｋbergerｔoldpartoftｈestorywhenｈeobsｅrvedthａtitistｈeｉｎtelｌｅctualｓwhohaveｒeｊectedＡｍeriｃa.Buｔtheｙhａｖedonｅmoｒethａｎthａt．Theyhａｖｅgrowｎｄｉssａｔｉsfiedｗitｈtheｒｏleｏfiｎtelleｃtｕal.Itｉstheｙ,notAｍeｒiｃa，whｏhavebeｃｏmｅａnｔi-intｅｌlｅctｕal.Firｓt,tｈeｏｂjｅctｏfouｒstuｄｙpｌeａｄｓｆorｄefiniｔion.Whａtisａｎintelｌectual？４6）IｓhaｌｌdeｆinehimａｓaniｎdivｉdualwhoｈａselectedａｓｈisprimarydutyａndpleａｓureinlifetｈeaｃtivityoftｈiｎｋiｎginａＳoｃｒaｔic（苏格拉底)wａyａboutmoraｌproblems.Heｅｘploｒeｓsuchprobｌｅmｓcｏnｓciｏuｓly,artｉculately,andｆranｋly,ｆｉｒｓｔｂｙaskingｆaｃtualｑueｓtiｏnｓ，thenbyａsｋｉnｇmoralquestions,ｆinallybysuggestｉｎgａcｔioｎwhiｃｈseｅmsappｒｏｐriａtｅiｎthｅligｈｔofthefａcｔuａlandmoraｌinfｏｒmatioｎｗhicｈhehasｏｂｔainｅd.47)Hisｆｕncｔｉoｎiｓanａlｏgoｕstothatoｆajudｇe，whomustaｃcｅpttheobｌiｇatiｏnofｒevealinｇｉnasｏｂｖｉoｕsamanneｒaspossｉｂｌetｈecourseofreasoniｎgwhiｃhｌeｄhiｍtohiｓdecｉsiｏｎ.Thiｓdefｉnｉｔioneｘclｕｄesｍａｎyinｄｉｖｉdualｓusuａlｌyreｆｅrredtｏasiｎtellｅctｕals--tｈeaveｒagescｉentist,fｏroｎe.48)Ｉhaｖeeｘｃｌuｄｅdhimbeｃause,whileｈiｓａccompｌishｍｅｎｔsmayconｔributeｔothｅsｏlutｉoｎofmｏralｐｒｏｂlems,ｈehasnotbｅeｎｃｈａrgedｗiｔhtｈeｔａｓkofappｒoａchinｇanybｕtthｅｆactualａｓｐectｓofthosｅprｏblemｓ.Ｌikeotｈerｈuｍanbeiｎgs,ｈeencounteｒsmoralissueseveｎintheｅvｅrｙdaypｅrformanceofhisroutineduties－-heｉsｎotｓupｐosｅｄtocoｏｋｈiｓexperiｍents,maｎufacturｅevidence,ordocｔｏrhisreｐorｔｓ．49）Butｈｉspriｍarytaskiｓnｏttothiｎkａboutthemｏralｃodｅｗｈichgｏveｒnｓhisacｔｉvｉty，ａnymorｅｔｈaｎａｂusinｅｓsmaｎisexpectedtodeｄｉcａteｈiｓeｎerｇiestoanexｐlｏrationoｆrulｅｓofｃoｎｄuctinｂusiｎess.Dｕｒingmｏsｔｏｆhisｗakinglｉｆｅhewiｌltakｅhiscｏｄeforgｒanｔed,asthebusｉnesｓmantaｋeshｉｓethiｃs.Ｔｈedefiniｔionａlsoexcｌudestheｍａjoritｙｏfteａｃheｒs,ｄespitｅthｅfaｃtｔhatteachiｎｇhastraditｉonallyｂeenthemeｔhｏｄwherｅｂymanyｉnteｌlｅcｔｕalsｅaｒnｔhｅｉｒliviｎg.50）Ｔheymayteacｈｖｅrywellａｎdｍorethａneａrntｈeirsaｌａriｅｓ,bｕtmostoftｈemmakelｉttｌeoｒnoｉｎdeｐenｄeｎtｒｅｆlectｉｏnｓｏｎｈｕmanproblｅmｓwhichiｎvolｖｅmoｒａlｊuｄgmｅnt.Tｈｉｓｄｅscｒiptiｏneｖｅnｆｉtｓthemajｏritｙofemiｎenｔsｃｈｏlars．Beｉngleａrｎedｉnsomebrａｎｃhｏfhumａnｋnoｗｌeｄgeiｓonethinｇ，livｉnｇin"publicandｉllustrｉoｕsthoｕgｈts,”asＥmeｒsonwoｕlｄsay,issｏmｅｔｈiｎgelse.SectionIIIﻩWritｉｎｇＰartA5１.ﻩDｉrecｔｉonsYoｕwaｎttoｃｏｎtrｉbutｅtｏPｒｏjｅctHopｅbyｏｆferinｇfiｎaｎｃiａlａidｔoacｈiｌｄｉnaremｏｔearea.Wｒitealeｔｔeｒtｏthedｅｐartmenｔconｃerned,ａｓkingｔｈｅmtoｈelpfindacandidａte.Ｙｏushouｌdsｐecｉfｙwhatkiｎｄoｆcｈildｙｏｕwａnttｏhｅｌｐａndhowｙouwｉllcaｒryouｔyourｐlan．Ｗriteyourletｔｅriｎnoｌesｓthan１0０woｒdｓ.ＷriteiｔneatlｙonANＳＷERSＨEEＴ2.Dｏnotsiｇnyourownnamｅattheeｎdoｆthelettｅｒ;ｕsｅ“ＬiMinｇ”insｔead．Dｏnｏtwritethｅadｄress．（１0points)PartB5２. Dｉｒectｉｏns:Sｔｕdythefｏlｌowｉngｐｈｏtoscarefuｌlyaｎdｗriｔeaｎessayｉｎｗhiｃhyoushould1．deｓcriｂeｔｈephoｔosbｒiefｌｙ,2.ｉnterpreｔｔhesoｃiaｌｐhenoｍeｎonrｅflｅcｔeｄｂythｅm,aｎd３.giveyｏｕrpoiｎｔofvｉew.Youshｏuldwriｔe160－２00wordsneａｔｌｙｏnANＳWERＳHEEＴ2．(20points）有两幅图片,图1把崇敬写在脸上;图２花３0０元做“小贝头”注：Beｃkｈam是英国足球明星有两张照片,一张照片上有一位男士脸上写着足球明星名字，另一张照片上有一个男子在剪发,她规定剪发师为她设计一个小贝克汉姆发型。考研英语真题答案Ｓecｔｉo