专题01 阅读理解（第09期）-2023届江苏高考英语模拟试题分项汇编（教师版）

专题01阅读理解（第09期）-2023届江苏高考英语模拟试题分项汇编阅读理解【2023届江苏省苏北四市（徐州连云港宿迁淮安）高三上学期第一次调研测试】Madrid’sIncredibleMuseumsCaixaForumCaixaForumisamuseumandculturalcenterthatoccupiesanoldpowerplant.Fromtheoutsidethebuildingappearstobefloating,andthere’savertical(垂直的)gardenwith15,000plantspeciesgrowingonthesideofonewall.Insidearefourfloorsofpaintings,photos,andmultimediaexhibitions,aswellasworkshopsandatheater-auditorium.Evenifyoudon’tenteranyexhibitions,it’sworthstoppingbytoadmirethebuilding’sstrikingouterandinnerarchitecture.Hours:10:00AMto8:00PMdailyFreeadmission:May15,18,andNovember9MuseoSorollaThissmallartgalleryisdedicatedtotheImpressionistpainterJoaquínSorolla(1863-1923).Thegalleryisinhisformerhomeandstudio,andthey’vepreservedtheoriginalatmospherewellsoyougetafeelforwhatitwaslikewhenhewaslivingandworkingthere.Hours:TuesdaytoSaturdayfrom9:30AMto8:00PMSundaysandholidaysfrom10:00AMto3:00PM,closedMondaysFreeadmission:Saturdaysafter2:00PMandSundaysMuseodelRomanticismoThissmallmuseumfocusesonthehistoryanddailylifeoftheRomanticperiod.ThemuseumrecreatestheRomanticatmosphereinitsroomdisplayswithfurniture,carpets,jewelry,paintings,andotherantiquesofthetimeperiod.Hours:TuesdaytoSaturdayfrom9:30AMto6:30PMSundaysandholidaysfrom10:00AMto3:00PM,closedMondaysFreeadmission:Saturdaysafter2:00PMandSundaysMuseoThyssen-BornemiszaTheThyssenMuseumbeganastheThyssenfamily’sprivatecollectionofsevencenturiesofEuropeanpainting,regardedasoneofthemostimportantcollectionsofthelastcentury.In1992,itwasconvertedintoapublicmuseum.Ithasagreatvarietyofartists,styles,andtimeperiods.Hours:Mondaysfrom12:00PMto4:00PM,TuesdaytoSundayfrom10:00AMto7:00PMFreeadmission:Mondaysfrom12:00PMto4:00PM21．WhatisspecialaboutCaixaForum?A．Itsroomdisplays.B．Itshistoricexhibits.C．Itsstrikingstructure.D．Itsoriginalatmosphere.22．WhencanwevisitMuscoSorollaforfree?a.m.30a.m.Sunday.p.m.30p.m.Saturday.p.m.00p.m.Tuesday.a.m.:00a.m.Monday.23．WhatcanbeseeninbothMuseoThyssen-BomnemiszaandMuseodelRomanticismo?A．Paintings. B．Carpets.C．Jewelry. D．Furniture.【答案】21．C????22．B????23．A【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了马德里几个令人惊叹的博物馆。21．细节理解题。根据CaixaForum中的“Fromtheoutsidethebuildingappearstobefloating,andthere’savertical(垂直的)gardenwith15,000plantspeciesgrowingonthesideofonewall.(从外面看，这座建筑似乎是漂浮的，一面墙上有一个垂直花园，有15000种植物生长。)”可知，CaixaForum特别之处在于它惊人的结构。故选C。22．细节理解题。根据MuseoSorolla中的“Freeadmission:Saturdaysafter2:00PMandSundays(免费入场：星期六下午2:00后及星期日)”可知，周六下午2:30可以免费参观MuseoSorolla。故选B。23．细节理解题。根据MuseodelRomanticismo中的“ThemuseumrecreatestheRomanticatmosphereinitsroomdisplayswithfurniture,carpets,jewelry,paintings,andotherantiquesofthetimeperiod.(博物馆用当时的家具、地毯、珠宝、绘画和其他古董在房间里再现了浪漫的氛围。)”和MuseoThyssen-Bornemisza中的“TheThyssenMuseumbeganastheThyssenfamily’sprivatecollectionofsevencenturiesofEuropeanpainting,regardedasoneofthemostimportantcollectionsofthelastcentury.(蒂森博物馆最初是蒂森家族的私人收藏，收藏了七个世纪的欧洲绘画作品，被认为是上世纪最重要的收藏之一。)”可知，MuseodelRomanticismo和MuseoThyssen-Bornemisza都能看到绘画。故选A。Bymymid-20s,I’worry.Ihedmymasterinpsychology,andIwasworkinginDublinasahealthresearcher.Itwasmostlydataandstatisticsworkstaringatascreen.Iwasearningmorethanmostofmyfriends,livingthecitylife,goingoutatweekends.Ihadagoodpension(养老金)andannualleavebutitcausedalotofanxietyandworry.Iwasreallyunhappy.IwantedtogetbacktofeelingpassionateaboutsomethingsoIstartedthinkingaboutthethingsIusedtolove.Asachild,I’dalwaysbeeninvolvedintheoutdoors,andIusedtolovehikingbutallthathadstoppedaftersecondaryschool.Idecidedtovolunteerwithalocalyouthgroupandwithinamonth,I’dgonecampingwiththem.Iabsolutelylovedit.Itwaslikeswitchingonalightbulb.ThiswaswhatI’dbeenmissing.Istartedtakingcoursesinmountainskillsandwildernessfirstaid,andbyAugustIwasworkingmyusualjobintheweek,andIwasaclimbingclubleaderatweekends.Ilovedconnectingwithnature,connectingwithotherpeople.Throughallthis,Ilearntaboutthewholefieldofnature-basedtherapies(疗法).Itwastheperfectfittocombinemypsychologybackgroundwithmypassionfortheoutdoors.Ibegantakingcoursesinwildtherapy,forestbathingandecopsychology.IleftmygovernmentjobandinJuly2020IlaunchedmybusinessNatureTherapyIreland,whichisboomingnow.I’dthoughtI’dalwaysliveinacitybutlastyear,ImovedtoTipperarytoliveatthefootofamountain,surroundedbynature.IfI’mfeelingstressed,Icanstepoutsideinmybarefeetandstandonthegrasstogroundmyself.InDublin,thefrontdoorfeltlikeabarrier—Ihadtohavemykeys,myphone,myjacketbeforeIcouldevengooutandfindagreenspace.Mylifenowisleadingnatureconnectionhikesandforestbathingwalks.MysalaryhashalvedforthemomentbutI’veadjusted.I’veneverlookedback.24．WhatdidthewriterthinkofherjobinDublin?A．Stressful. B．Valueless.C．Insecure. D．Demanding.25．Whatdoestheunderlinedsentencemeaninparagraph2?A．Sheenjoyedhervoluntarywork.B．Sherealizedwhatshereallyloved.C．Recallingthepastmadeherhappy.D．Abrightfuturewasinstoreforher.26．WhatdrovethewritertolaunchherbusinessNatureTherapyIreland?A．Heradventurousexperience.B．Herleadershipandbackground.C．Herconnectionwithotherpeople.D．Hermajorandpassionfornature.27．WhydidthewritercompareherlifeinDublinwiththatinTipperary?A．Tohighlighthowboringcitylifewas.B．Tocallonpeopletogetbacktonature.C．Toshowhersatisfactionwithherchange.D．Toindicatehowsuccessfulherbusinesswas.【答案】24．A????25．B????26．D????27．C【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。作者介绍了辞去政府工作，选择做自己喜欢做的事情，并且作者将自己的心理学专业与对户外的热情创办了NatureTherapyIreland，虽然薪水减半，但是感觉很放松。24．推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Ihadagoodpension(养老金)andannualleavebutitcausedalotofanxietyandworry.Iwasreallyunhappy.(我有一个很好的养老金和年假，但它引起了很多焦虑和担忧。我真的很不开心)”可知，作者虽然工作待遇不错，但是感到焦虑和担心，觉得不开心。由此推知，作者觉得Dublin的工作压力很大。故选A项。25．词句猜测题。根据第二段划线句子前的“Idecidedtovolunteerwithalocalyouthgroupandwithinamonth,I’dgonecampingwiththem.Iabsolutelylovedit.(我决定在当地的一个青年团体做志愿者，不到一个月，我就和他们一起去露营了。我非常喜欢它)”可知，作者很喜欢与年轻人户外活动，划线句子的下文“ThiswaswhatI’dbeenmissing.(这就是我一直错过的)”可知，这是作者错过的，也就是指的上文中作者喜欢的户外活动，this指代的内容是划线句子。由此可知，划线句子的意思为“他意识到自己真正喜欢的是什么”。故选B项。26．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“Itwastheperfectfittocombinemypsychologybackgroundwithmypassionfortheoutdoors.Ibegantakingcoursesinwildtherapy,forestbathingandecopsychology.(将我的心理学背景与我对户外活动的热情相结合是完美的选择。我开始参加野外疗法、森林浴和生态心理学课程)”可知，作者将他的心理学专业和自己对户外运动的热爱结合起来，并创办了NatureTherapyIreland。故选D项。27．推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“InDublin,thefrontdoorfeltlikeabarrier—Ihadtohavemykeys,myphone,myjacketbeforeIcouldevengooutandfindagreenspace.Mylifenowisleadingnatureconnectionhikesandforestbathingwalks.MysalaryhashalvedforthemomentbutI’veadjusted.I’veneverlookedback.(在都柏林，前门感觉就像一道屏障——我必须拿到钥匙、手机和夹克，然后才能出去找绿地。我现在的生活是领导自然联系远足和森林浴散步。我的薪水暂时减半，但我已经调整了。我从未回头)”可知，作者觉得在Dublin自己的前门就是挡住自己与大自然接触的障碍，而在Tipperary，作者完全与大自然融合，而且永远不会回头，结合作者自己对大自然的热爱。由此推知，作者对现在生活很满意。故选C项。Animalscanadaptquicklytosurviveunfavorableenvironmentalconditions.Evidenceismountingtoshowthatplantscan,too.ApaperpublishedinthejournalTrendsinPlantSciencedetailshowplantsarerapidlyadaptingtotheeffectsofclimatechange,andhowtheyarepassingdowntheseadaptationstotheiroffspring(后代).Plantsarefacingmoreenvironmentalstressesthanever.Forexample,climatechangeismakingwintersshorterinmanylocations,andplantsareresponding.“Manyplantsrequireaminimumperiodofcoldinordertosetuptheirenvironmentalclocktodefinetheirfloweringtime,”saysMartinelli,aplantgeneticistattheUniversityofFlorence.“Ascoldseasonsshorten,plantshaveadaptedtorequireshorterperiodsofcoldtodelayflowering.Thesemechanismsallowplantstoavoidfloweringinperiodswhentheyhavefeweropportunitiestoreproduce.”Becauseplantsdon’thaveneural(神经的)networks,theirmemoryisbasedentirelyoncellular(细胞的),molecular(分子的),andbiochemicalnetworks.Thesenetworksmakeupwhattheresearcherscallsomaticmemory(体细胞记忆).“Itallowsplantstorecognizetheoccurrenceofapreviousenvironmentalconditionandtoreactaccordingly,”saysMartinelli.Thesesomaticmemoriescanthenbepassedtotheplants’offspringviaepigenetics(表现遗传).“Severalexamplesdemonstratetheexistenceofmolecularmechanismsmodulatingplantmemorytoenvironmentalstressesandaffectingtheadaptationofoffspringtothesestresses,”saysMartinelli.Goingforward,Martinellihopestounderstandevenmoreaboutthegenesthatarebeingpasseddown.“WeareparticularlyinterestedindecodingtheepigeneticalphabetwithoutchangesinDNAsequence(序列),”hesays.“Thisisespeciallyimportantwhenweconsidertherapidclimatechange,weobservetodaythateverylivingorganism,includingplants,needstoquicklyadapttosurvive.”28．Whatadaptationshaveplantsmadetoshortenedcoldseasons?A．Theyhaveshortenedtheirfloweringtime.B．Theyhavegotmorechancestoreproduce.C．Theyhaveavoidedfloweringincoldseasons.D．Theyhaveadjustedtheirenvironmentalclock.29．Whatcanwelearnaboutsomaticmemory?A．Itisentirelybasedonneuralnetworks.B．Itcanhelptheplants’offspringtosurvive.C．Itcanhelprelieveenvironmentalstresses.D．Itdisturbstheplants’biochemicalnetworks.30．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“modulating”meaninparagraph4?A．Adjusting. B．Treasuring.C．Recording. D．Sharing.31．Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A．PlantsaresmartaboutfloweringtimeB．PlantscanalsoadapttoclimatechangeC．EnvironmentalstresseschallengeplantsD．Mysteriesofplantgenesaretobeunfolded【答案】28．D????29．B????30．A????31．B【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述的是植物像动物一样，可以迅速地适应不利的条件，同时分析了植物能快速适应不利条件，并将这些适应传递给下一代的原因。28．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Forexample,climatechangeismakingwintersshorterinmanylocations,andplantsareresponding.“Manyplantsrequireaminimumperiodofcoldinordertosetuptheirenvironmentalclocktodefinetheirfloweringtime,”…(例如，气候变化使许多地方的冬季缩短，植物正在做出反应。“许多植物需要最短的寒冷时间，以便设置环境时钟来定义它们的开花时间，”……)”可知，为了适应缩短的寒冷季节，植物会设置环境时钟来定义开花时间。故选D项。29．推理判断题。根据第四段首句“Thesesomaticmemoriescanthenbepassedtotheplants’offspringviaepigenetics(表现遗传).(然后，这些体细胞记忆可以通过表观遗传学传递给植物的后代。”可知，这些体细胞记忆通过表现遗传学传给下一代，由此可以判断，体细胞记忆可以帮助下一代生存下来。故选B项。30．词义猜测题。根据第二段中的“Ascoldseasonsshorten,plantshaveadaptedtorequireshorterperiodsofcoldtodelayflowering.Thesemechanismsallowplantstoavoidfloweringinperiodswhentheyhavefeweropportunitiestoreproduce.(随着寒冷季节的缩短，植物已经适应了需要较短的寒冷时间来延迟开花。这些机制允许植物避免在繁殖机会较少的时期开花。)”可知，这些机制使植物能够调整自己在繁殖机会少的时期避免开花，这是植物调整适应环境变化的结果，划线单词所在的“Severalexamplesdemonstratetheexistenceofmolecularmechanismsmodulatingplantmemorytoenvironmentalstressesandaffectingtheadaptationofoffspringtothesestresses(几个例子表明，存在调节植物记忆对环境胁迫并影响后代对这些胁迫的适应的分子机制。)”谈论的是有几种个例子表明存在这样的“分子机制”调节植物记忆来适应环境的变化，与第二段阐述的与“这些机制”允许植物调节花期适应环境的内容相当，故该单词意为“调节”。故选A项。31．主旨大意题。根据首段中的“Animalscanadaptquicklytosurviveunfavorableenvironmentalconditions.Evidenceismountingtoshowthatplantscan,too.(动物可以快速适应，以在不利的环境条件下生存。越来越多的证据表明，植物也可以。)”并结合下文围绕该话题举例说明和分析植物能快速适应不利条件的原因可知，本文主要是陈述植物和动物一样能快速适应不利条件。故选B项。Thisyear,inMarch,IjumpedintoaheatedpoolinCalifomiatomeetadolphinnamedDelle.AsIapproachedher,Delleturnedtowardsmeandbecameplayful,greetingmebysplashingmewithherbeak.Delighted,Ireachedouttopathershinyskin.Itfeltrubbery,whichwasthemaingiveawaythatDellethedolphinwasarobot.Justasfake(假的)animalsarebecomingveryrealistic,it'sbecomingincreasinglylessacccptabletouseliveanimalsforentertainmentpurposes.DocumentaricslikeBlackfish(2013)andTheCove(2009)haveexposedsomeofthehorrifictreatmentandsufferingofoccanmammals.Theresultingpublicprotesthasmadeaquariums(水族馆)controversial,attractinglessvisitors.Arguably，entertainingpeoplewithcaptive(圈养的)animalsisvitalforanimalconservation.Manyzoosandaquariumsactivelytrytopromoteconservationeffortsbyprovidingeducationalexperiencesandencouraginginterestinthenaturalworld.Thistypeofentertainmentisuseful,becauseitinspirespeopletocare.Atfirst,thisseemslikeareasontoavoidreplacingtheanimalswithtechnology.However,researchintherapid-developedfieldofhuman-robotinteractionisshowingastonishingresultsonengagementwithrobotsthatcanimitatelifelikebehaviour.Whenphysicallyinteractive,robotsattractalotofattention.Peopletendtotreatthemlikethey’realive,eventhoughtheyknowperfectlywellthey’rejustmachines.Ifwestarttoreplacetheanimalsinourthemeparkswithmachines,willthistrenddecreaseourwonderforthenaturalworld?Abunchofpeopleexpressednegativegutreactions(本能反应)afterIpostedvideooftherobotdolphinonTwitter.Andyet,Idon’tbelievethatusingthisrobotanimalswillcauseustoforgettheworthoflivingcreatures.32．WhydoestheauthormentionDelleinparagraph1?A．Toshareaspecialexperience.B．Topromoterubberydolphins.C．Todrawattentiontorobotanimals.D．Todescribeadolphinpreformance.33．Whatcanwelearnaboutliveanimalsinzoos?A．Theyarecruellytreated.B．Theymakezoospopular.C．Theyarewellentertained.D．Theydeserveconservation.34．Whatisparagraph4mainlyabout?A．Reasonsforreplacinganimalswithrobots.B．Benefitsofentertainingpeoplewithrobots.C．Researchresultsoninteractionwithrobots.D．Publicconcernsoverengagementwithrobots.35．What’stheauthor’sattitudetoreplacinganimalswithmachines?A．Favorable. B．Intolerant.C．Doubtful. D．Unclear.【答案】32．C????33．D????34．C????35．A【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了机器动物的运用以及社会对它的各种看法。32．推理判断题。根据第一段最后两句“Delighted,Ireachedouttopathershinyskin.Itfeltrubbery,whichwasthemaingiveawaythatDellethedolphinwasarobot.（我很高兴，伸手拍拍她发亮的皮肤。感觉像橡胶一样，这是海豚黛勒是个机器人的主要证据。）”可推知，作者在第一段提到海豚黛勒是因为想要引出本文话题，吸引读者注意，让大家关注到有机器动物这个东西。故选C项。33．细节理解题。根据文章第二段一、二句“Justasfake(假的)animalsarebecomingveryrealistic,it'sbecomingincreasinglylessacccptabletouseliveanimalsforentertainmentpurposes.DocumentaricslikeBlackfish(2013)andTheCove(2009)haveexposedsomeofthehorrifictreatmentandsufferingofoccanmammals.（就像假动物变得越来越逼真一样，将活体动物用于娱乐目的也越来越难以接受。《黑鱼》(2013)和《海湾》(2009)等纪录片揭露了一些海洋哺乳动物遭受的可怕待遇和痛苦。）”可知，动物园里的活体动物也是值得我们保护的。故选D项。34．主旨大意题。根据文章第四段第二句“However,researchintherapid-developedfieldofhuman-robotinteractionisshowingastonishingresultsonengagementwithrobotsthatcanimitatelifelikebehaviour.（然而，在快速发展的人机交互领域的研究显示，与能够模仿逼真行为的机器人互动产生了惊人的结果。）”结合本段来看，本段主要是在介绍与机器人交互的研究成果。故选C项。35．推理判断题。根据文章最后两句“Abunchofpeopleexpressednegativegutreactions(本能反应)afterIpostedvideooftherobotdolphinonTwitter.Andyet,Idon’tbelievethatusingthisrobotanimalswillcauseustoforgettheworthoflivingcreatures.（我在推特上发布了机器海豚的视频后，很多人都表达了负面的本能反应。然而，我不相信使用这种机器动物会让我们忘记生物的价值。）”可推知，作者对于用机器人代替动物是持赞成的态度的。故选A项。阅读理解【江苏省南通市2022-2023学年高三上学期12月月考】FourfamousBritishfilmlocationsAmericanandCanadianvisitorstoBritainareusuallyneverquiteasinterestedinfilmsitesasBritishtourismfolksseemtoexpect.Forclassicfilmlovers,however,Britainhardlylacksmemorablefilmlocations.Hereisagreatselectionofrecognizablelocationsfromsomeofourfavoritefilms.CastleHoward,YorkshireBridesheadRevisitedputCastleHowardonthemap.TheYorkshireestateisawonderfulvisit,virtuallyunchangedsincethefilmingofEvelynWaugh’sclassictherein1980.YoucaneasilyseeCharlesRyderandSebastianFlyterowingonthelake.It’saneasydrive,orbusride,eastfromYork.Cambridge,CambridgeshireTherearemanyscenesfromCambridgerecognizablefromtheAcademyAward-winningChariotsofFire.PerhapsnoneareasmemorableastheraceHaroldAbrahamsandLordLynleyrunagainsttheclockaroundTrinityCollegeGreatCourt.VisitGonville&CaiusCollegeandKing’sCollegeChapelaswell.Dorchester,DorsetSomuchofthesurroundingcountrysideisrecognizableas“ThomasHardycountry”.Dorchesteritself,though,isCasterbridgeplayedoutinTheMayorofCasterbridge,TessoftheD’Urbervilles,andFarfromtheMaddingCrowd.YoualmostexpecttoseeAlanBatesorJulieChristiewalkingalongCornStreet.CastleCombe,WiltshireLongtermed“theprettiestvillageinEngland”,CastleCombejustmightbe.ThesouthernCotswoldvillagenearChippenhamhasbeenafilmsetmanytimes,perhapsmostfamouslywithRexHarrisoninDoctorDoolittle(1967).21．WhoisonecharacterofEvelynWaugh’swork?A．SebastianFlyte. B．JulieChristie. C．HaroldAbrahams. D．RexHarrison.22．WhatmakesDorchesterfamous?A．ComStreet. B．Itsunusuallocation.C．ThomasHardy’sworks. D．Itssurroundingscenery.23．WhichfilmwassetinthesouthernCotswoldvillage?A．BridesheadRevisited.B．ChariotsofFire.C．DoctorDoolittle.D．FarfromtheMaddingCrowd.【答案】21．A????22．C????23．C【文章大意】本文是应用文。文章介绍了英国四个着名的电影拍摄地。21．细节理解题。根据CastleHoward,Yorkshire部分中的“virtuallyunchangedsincethefilmingofEvelynWaugh’sclassictherein1980.YoucaneasilyseeCharlesRyderandSebastianFlyterowingonthelake.(自1980年在那里拍摄EvelynWaugh的经典电影以来，几乎没有改变。你可以很容易地看到CharlesRyder和SebastianFlyte在湖上划船)”可知，SebastianFlyte是EvelynWaugh作品中的人物。故选A。22．细节理解题。根据Dorchester,Dorset部分中的“Somuchofthesurroundingcountrysideisrecognizableas“ThomasHardycountry”,Dorchesteritself,though,isCasterbridgeplayedoutinTheMayorofCasterbridge,TessoftheD’Urbervilles,andFarfromtheMaddingCrowd.(周围的许多乡村都被称为“托马斯·哈代村”，然而，Dorchester本身就是Casterbridge在《卡斯特桥市长》、《德伯家的苔丝》和《远离尘嚣》中扮演的角色)”可知，Dorchester因为托马斯·哈代的作品而闻名于世。故选C。23．细节理解题。根据CastleCombe,Wiltshire部分中的“ThesouthernCotswoldvillagenearChippenhamhasbeenafilmsetmanytimes,perhapsmostfamouslywithRexHarrisoninDoctorDoolittle(1967).(Chippenham附近的Cotswold南部村庄曾多次被拍成电影，最着名的可能是RexHarrison在《怪医杜立德》(1967)中的表演)”可知，电影《怪医杜立德》是以Cotswold南部村庄为背景的。故选C。Thereoncelivedawomanwhohadbeenblindfordecades.ThenonedayshefoundadoctorwhotreatedthewomanwithanewdeviceshehadinventedcalledtheLaserphacoProbe.Forthefirsttimeinover30years,thewomancouldregainhereyesight.Thedoctorresponsibleforthislife-changingsurgerywascalledDr.PatriciaE.Bath.Dr.BathwasanAmericanophthalmologist(眼科医生),researcher,andanadvocatefortheprevention,treatment,andcureofblindness.Shehadaninterestinscienceandmedicinefromayoungage,whichshesaidwasfirstevokedbyachemistrykithermotherhadboughtforherwhenshewasyoung.DuringafellowshipatColumbiaUniversity,Dr.BathrealizedthatAfricanAmericansweretwiceaslikelytosufferfromblindnessthanotherpatientssheattendedto.Thisobservationledtoherdevelopmentofacommunityophthalmologysystem,whichincreasedtheamountofeyecaregiventounderservedcommunities.Thisallowedthousandsofpeopletogetearlypreventativecareforconditionsthatwouldhaveotherwisebeenuntreatedsavingtheeyesightofmany.Dr.Bathinventedthenewtechniquetoremovecataracts(白内障)bytheLaserphacoProbe.Thistechniqueisstillusedaroundtheworld,andithasalloweddoctorstorestorepatients’eyesightinamoreprecise,andlesspainful,mannerthantechniquesbeforeit.Cataractsdevelopaspeopleage.Theyformwhentheproteinsinthelens(晶状体)oftheeyebreakdown,makingthelenscloudy.Thiscansignificantlyaffectvision.Traditionalcataractsurgeryinvolvedremovingthecloudylensoftheeyeandreplacingitwithanartificiallens.However,thissurgerywasnotalwayssuccessful,andcouldbequitepainful.Dr.Bathsucceededinsolvingtheproblem.Dr.Bathmadeinnovativecontributionstothefieldofmedicinewhichhadlong-lastingimpactsonthecommunitiessheserved.24．Whichofthefollowingcanbestreplacetheunderlinedword“evoked”inparagraph2?A．Displayed.B．Stimulated.C．Discovered.D．Maintained.25．WhydidDr.Bathcreateacommunityophthalmologysystem?A．Tooffereyecaretreatmenttothepoor.B．Tohelptheblindregaintheireyesight.C．ToprovideeyesurgeryforAfricanAmericans.D．Togiverealmedicalcaretoblindpeople.26．WhatcanwesayaboutDr.Bath’sdevice?A．Itpreventsproteinsinthelensbreakingdown.B．Itneedstobeadvertisedaroundtheworld.C．Ithelpspatientsavoidgettingcataracts.D．Itmakescataractsurgerybetterthanbefore.27．Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A．MeetawomanwhoimprovedvisionformillionsB．AdmireaninventorwhochangedthefaceofscienceC．RecommendadoctorwhohadvariousmedicalskillsD．Rememberaresearcherwhowasanadvocateforthepoor【答案】24．B????25．A????26．D????27．A【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了美国眼科医生E.BathciaE.Bath的生平以及她在眼科领域的巨大贡献。24．词义猜测题。根据划线词前的“Shehadaninterestinscienceandmedicinefromayoungage.(她从小就对科学和医学感兴趣。)”及划线词后的“achemistrykithermotherhadboughtforherwhenshewasyoung.(她母亲小时候给她买的化学试剂盒)”可知，Bath从小就对科学和医学感兴趣，而这一兴趣最初是被她母亲买给她的一个化学试剂盒激发的，可推测“evoked”一在句中的含义为与B项“激发”意思相近。故选B。25．推理判断题。根据第三段中的“DuringafellowshipatColumbiaUniversity,Dr.BathrealizedthatAfricanAmericansweretwiceaslikelytosufferfromblindnessthanotherpatientssheattendedto.Thisobservationledtoherdevelopmentofacommunityophthalmologysystem,whichincreasedtheamountofeyecaregiventounderservedcommunities.Thisallowedthousandsofpeopletogetearlypreventativecareforconditionsthatwouldhaveotherwisebeenuntreatedsavingtheeyesightofmany.(在哥伦比亚大学做研究员期间，巴斯博士意识到，非裔美国人患失明的可能性是她所照顾的其他患者的两倍。这一观察结果促使她开发了社区眼科系统，该系统增加了对服务不足社区的眼科护理数量。这使得成千上万的人得到了早期的预防护理，否则这些疾病将得不到治疗，从而挽救了许多人的视力。)”可知，Bath看到非裔美国人患失明的可能性是其他病人的两倍，这促使她建立社区眼科系统，为眼科服务不足的社区提供帮助，结合常识可知，这些社区里大多是穷人，因此推断建立社区眼科系统是为了给那些穷苦人提供眼科护理。故选A。26．推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Dr.BathalsoinventedanewtechniquetoremovecataractsbytheLaserphacoProbe,ithasalloweddoctorstorestorepatientseyesightinamoreprecise,andlesspainfulmannerthantechniquesbeforeit.(巴斯博士还发明了一种用激光探针去除白内障的新技术，与之前的技术相比，它可以让医生以更精确、更少痛苦的方式恢复病人的视力。)”以及第五段中的“However,thissurgerywasnotalwayssuccessful,andcouldbequitepainful.Dr.Bathsucceededinsolvingtheproblem.(传统白内障手术并不总是成功，而且可能非常痛苦。巴斯博士成功地解决了这个问题。)”可知，传统的白内障手术并不总能成功，而且可能是相当痛苦的。与之相比，Bath发明的激光探针去除白内障的技术使医生能够以一种更精确、不那么痛苦的方式恢复病人的视力。由此可推知，Bath的发明改善了白内障手术。故选D。27．标题判断题。根据文章第一段的“Thedoctorresponsibleforthislife-changingsurgerywascalledDr.PatriciaE.Bath.(负责这个改变人生的手术的医生叫帕特里夏·巴斯医生。)”,第二段的“Dr.BathwasanAmericanophthalmologist(眼科医生),researcher,andanadvocatefortheprevention,treatment,andcureofblindness.(巴斯博士是一位美国眼科医生、研究人员，也是预防、治疗和治愈失明的倡导者。)”以及全文内容可知，文章主要讲述了美国的PatriciaE.Bath在眼科领域的巨大贡献，她建立了社区眼科系统没，发明了改善白内障的手术，改善了数百万人的视力。因此推断A项“结识一位改善数百万人视力的女士”为最佳标题。故选A。Apairofbusinessmenareattemptingtostartanewhumanspaceflightcompanythat,insteadoflaunchingrockets,willliftcivilianpassengersintotheskytiedtoahigh-performanceballoon.SpacePerspectiveaimstocarryacapsuleofeightpassengersatatime,hangingfromaballoon,100,000feetaboveEarth.Theballoonandcapsulewillgentlyriseforabouttwohoursat12mph,floatingalongforanothertwohoursaspassengersenjoyrefreshmentsandaviewoftheEarthbelow,andthendescendbackdownat12mphandlandineithertheGulfofMexicoortheAtlanticOcean.Thegoalistomaketheflightsasaccessibleandaffordabletoasmanypeopleaspossible,onedaypossiblyhostingweddings.Co-foundersJanePoynterandTaberMacCallum,whoaremarried,saidtheyexpectpricestobearound$125,000forasingleticket.“EverybodyshouldbeabletoseetheEarthfromspace,“Poyntersaid.“Wewantthemtoreallybeabletoexperiencewhatastronautstalkabout,lookingdownattheEarthinthatblacknessofouterspace.”Butpassengerflightsarestillsometimeaway.Hopingtoperformitsfirsttestflightinearly2023,SpacePerspectivejoinsthegroupsofdevelopingcompaniesworkingtocreateanindustrythatcansendpayingpassengerstotheedgesofspace,generallythoughttobeginabout50milesoffEarth’ssurface.SpacePerspective’sballoonwillreachabout20miles.PassengerswillneedverylittletrainingbeforetakingaridewithSpacePerspective,MacCallumsaid.Duringtheflight,theinsideofthecapsulewillbepressurized,andtemperaturewillbecontrolled.Onboardtherewillbeapilot,pairedwithanotherdownonEarth,whocanalsocontrolthecraft.Anewballoon,whichwillbefilledwithhydrogen,willbeusedforeachflightandmaterialsfromitrecycled.Thecapsulewillbeabletobereusedonmanymissions.Presentationsofthespacecraft,tobenamedSpaceshipNeptune,showalargecapsulewithacircleofseatsfacingouttoarowofwindows.PoynterandMacCallumsaidabar,abathroomandanclearwindowedroofatthetopofthecapsulewillbecombinedintothedesign.28．Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword“descend"inParagraph2?A．Decrease.B．Sink.C．Dive.D．Fall.29．WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesthespaceflightaccordingtotheCo-founders?A．Challenging.B．Mysterious.C．Sustainable.D．Cheap.30．Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A．SpacePerspectiveplanstoflypassengersinearly2023.B．SpacePerspectiveenableseverybodytoseetheEarthabove.C．SpacePerspectiveistoreusetheballoonandthecapsule.D．SpacePerspectiveintendstotransportcommonpeopleintosky.31．Whatisthepurposeofthetext?A．Toadvertiseaservice.B．Topresentascene.C．Tointroduceaproject.D．Toshareanadventure.【答案】28．D????29．D????30．D????31．C【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一项尚在开发的高空载人旅行服务。28．词义猜测题。根据第二段“Theballoonandcapsulewillgentlyriseforabouttwohoursat12mph,floatingalongforanothertwohoursaspassengersenjoyrefreshmentsandaviewoftheEarthbelow,(气球和太空舱将以每小时12英里的速度缓慢上升约2小时，再漂浮两个小时，乘客们一边享受茶点，一边欣赏下面的地球)”和下文“andlandineithertheGulfofMexicoortheAtlanticOcean.(最终降落在墨西哥湾或者太平洋上)”可知，该段主要描述太空旅行的整个过程：升空、漂浮、降落以及着陆，该划线词与“下降”意思相近，故选D项。29．推理判断题。根据第三段“Co-foundersJanePoynterandTaberMacCallum,whoaremarried,saidtheyexpectpricestobearound$125,000forasingleticket.“EverybodyshouldbeabletoseetheEarthfromspace,"Poyntersaid.(已婚的联合创始人简·波因特(JanePoynter)和泰伯·麦卡勒姆(TaberMacCallum)说，他们预计一张票的价格在12.5万美元左右。“每个人都应该能够从太空看到地球，”波因特说。)”可知，这两个公司的联合创始人希望自己提供的高空旅行服务价格是绝大多数人都能支付得起的。Cheap意为“价格低廉的”，描述太空旅行服务很恰当，故选D项。30．推理判断题。根据第一段“Apairofbusinessmenareattemptingtostartanewhumanspaceflightcompanythat,inst