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2021下半年教师资格《高中英语学科知识与教学能力》黑钻押题1卷面总分:33分答题时间:240分钟试卷题量:33题练习次数:7次
单选题(共30题,共30分)
1.Thesituationalapproachisagrammar-basedlanguageteachingmethodwhichfocuseson________.
A.grammarandvocabularies
B.orallanguageandsentencepatterns
C.speakingandlistening
D.pronunciationandspeaking
正确答案:B
您的答案:
本题解析:考查情景教学法。情景教学法是一种以语法为基础,强调口语和句型教学,教学过程中分级处理语法和词汇.并通过情景呈现新教学项目的外语教学法。故8项正确。
2.Whichofthefollowingpracticesaimsatskilltrainingandpronunciationknowledge?
A.Oddoneout
B.Tonguetwister
C.Contextpractice
D.Reciting
正确答案:A
您的答案:
本题解析:考查语音教学练习。题干问:下列哪一项练习以语音知识和技巧训练为目的?最小对比对训练、判断单词的异同、排列单词的顺序、找出一组词中读音不同的词都属于语音知识和技巧的训练:而绕口令、语境练习以及背诵和朗读都属于语音运用的训练。故选A。
3.Whenateacherhelpsstudentsdealwiththeinformationgapofrealdiscourse,he/sheprobablyaimsatdevelopingstudents′__________.
A.linguisticcompetence
B.strategiccompetence
C.discoursecompetence
D.fluency
正确答案:D
您的答案:
本题解析:考查交际能力。赫奇(Hedge)认为,交际能力包括五个方面的能力:语言能力(linguisticcompetence)、语用能力(pragmaticcompetence)、语篇能力(discoursecompetence)、策略能力(strategiccompetence)和流利性(fluency)。流利性与说话有关,是指能够态度自然地、在没有不当迟缓或犹豫的情况下不费力地把语言单位连接在一起。一旦语言使用者具有了流利性。他就能够在真正语篇中应付信息差,能处理语言并且能自如地做出恰当反应.在真实时间段内能用合理的速度回应。故选D。
4.Howshouldtheteacherdealwithstudents′writingerrors?
A.Teachersshouldlimitstudentstotakingriskstousenewvocabularyandstructures
B.Teachersshouldoftenshownegativeattitudetowardsstudents'writingerrors
C.Teachersshouldmakecorrectionsofallthewritingerrorsforstudents
D.Teachersshouldunderlinetheerrorsandleavethemforstudentstocorrectthemselves
正确答案:D
您的答案:
本题解析:考查写作教学。学生在写作中犯错常常是难以避免的情况,教师应该不怕学生犯错,不要限制学生运用较难的词汇和句子,这样学生的写作能力才会提高。教师如果经常对错误持消极的态度,就会阻碍学生的写作热情,不利于写作技能的提高。教师在批阅作文时,不应该自己把所有的错误都改正,而应该指出错误并让学生自己去改,以培养学生独立写作的能力。故选D。
5.Whichofthefollowingtermsbestdescribesthepairofwords"kill"and"drill"?
A.Minimalpair
B.Aphonemiccontrast
C.Closedclasswords
D.Boundmorphemes
正确答案:A
您的答案:
本题解析:考查音系学知识。最小对立体(minimal?pair)可用来弄清楚替代哪个语音将会产生不同的意义,用于描述只有一个语音具有区别特征的两个词,如beat和bit,bead和bid。
6.Passage1
Recently,CongressionalDemocratsintroducedlegislationtomakeiteasierforolderworkerstowinage?discriminationlawsuits.Agediscriminationremainsasignificantworkplaceissue.
Inrecenttenyears,15.79percentofcasesbroughttotheEqualEmploymentOpportunityCommission,weredescribedassuccessfulclaims.Whilethisnumberissmallgiventhenumberofworkerscoveredbythe?AgeDiscriminationinEmploymentAct,many,ifnotmost,instancesofagediscriminationareneversued,and?caseshiringdiscriminationoftengoundetected.
Mostofthosewhodosuearewhite,malemiddle-managerswhoarelikelytohavelostasizeablesalary?andpension.Forthemostpart,othergroupsdonotsuebecausethecostsofalawsuitoutweighthepotential?benefits.Agediscriminationremainsasignificantworkplaceissue.
Thereisstrongexperimentalevidenceforagediscriminationinhiring,atleastforentry-leveljobs.Recently,IperformedalabormarketexperimentinBostoninwhichIsentoutthousandsofresumesforfictitious?entry-levelfemalecandidatesandmeasuredresponseratebasedondateofhighschoolgraduation.Among?thisgroup,youngerapplicants,whosedateofhighschoolgraduationindicatedthattheywerelessthan50?yearsold,were40percentmorelikelytobecalledbackforaninterviewthanwereolderapplicants.
Itisdifficulttotellwhetheremploymentproblemsareworseforolderworkersthanforotherworkers?whentimesarebad.Thenumberofdiscriminationlawsuitsincreasesduringtimesofhighunemployment,but?thisfindingbyitselfdoesnotindicateanincreasedlevelofagediscrimination.Intimesofhigherunemployment,theopportunitycosttoalawsuitislowerthanitiswhentimesaregood.
Fromtheemployer′sperspective,masslayoffsmayseemlikeagoodchancetoremoveahigherproportionofgenerallymoreexpensiveolderworkerswithouttheworryofbeingsued.Ontheotherhand,employers?maybe
A.youngermaleapplicantsaremorelikelytobehiredthantheirfemalecounterparts
B.agediscriminationisquitecommoninhiringprocess
C.theauthorcollectedinformationbyinterviewingfemaleapplicants
D.femaleapplicantswhoare50yearsoldwillneverhaveachancetogetajob
正确答案:B
您的答案:
本题解析:细节理解题。根据Boston定位到第四段。该段首句指出年龄歧视起码在低级别的职位存在,接下来又通过实验调查可知,年龄歧视在招聘过程中很普遍,故选B。
7.Passage1
Recently,CongressionalDemocratsintroducedlegislationtomakeiteasierforolderworkerstowinage?discriminationlawsuits.Agediscriminationremainsasignificantworkplaceissue.
Inrecenttenyears,15.79percentofcasesbroughttotheEqualEmploymentOpportunityCommission,weredescribedassuccessfulclaims.Whilethisnumberissmallgiventhenumberofworkerscoveredbythe?AgeDiscriminationinEmploymentAct,many,ifnotmost,instancesofagediscriminationareneversued,and?caseshiringdiscriminationoftengoundetected.
Mostofthosewhodosuearewhite,malemiddle-managerswhoarelikelytohavelostasizeablesalary?andpension.Forthemostpart,othergroupsdonotsuebecausethecostsofalawsuitoutweighthepotential?benefits.Agediscriminationremainsasignificantworkplaceissue.
Thereisstrongexperimentalevidenceforagediscriminationinhiring,atleastforentry-leveljobs.Recently,IperformedalabormarketexperimentinBostoninwhichIsentoutthousandsofresumesforfictitious?entry-levelfemalecandidatesandmeasuredresponseratebasedondateofhighschoolgraduation.Among?thisgroup,youngerapplicants,whosedateofhighschoolgraduationindicatedthattheywerelessthan50?yearsold,were40percentmorelikelytobecalledbackforaninterviewthanwereolderapplicants.
Itisdifficulttotellwhetheremploymentproblemsareworseforolderworkersthanforotherworkers?whentimesarebad.Thenumberofdiscriminationlawsuitsincreasesduringtimesofhighunemployment,but?thisfindingbyitselfdoesnotindicateanincreasedlevelofagediscrimination.Intimesofhigherunemployment,theopportunitycosttoalawsuitislowerthanitiswhentimesaregood.
Fromtheemployer′sperspective,masslayoffsmayseemlikeagoodchancetoremoveahigherproportionofgenerallymoreexpensiveolderworkerswithouttheworryofbeingsued.Ontheotherhand,employers?maybe
A.employerscouldspecifytheagesofpeopletheywanttohireinthepast
B.allemployersrecruitedworkersthroughadvertisementinthepast
C.legislationprohibitingdiscriminationcan'tfreeoldworkersfromagediscrimination
D.therecentproposedcongressionallegislationisineffective
正确答案:A
您的答案:
本题解析:细节理解题。由最后一段第一句“Not?manypeople…”可知A正确。第一句指出过去的招聘广告会详述年龄要求,但并不能说明所有的雇主都会通过广告招聘工人,故B错误;文中并没有提到年龄歧视法案是否会将年老的工人解救出来,故C没有原文根据;D与该段最后两句表述有出入。
8.Passage1
Inthe2006filmversionofTheDevilWearsPrada,MirandaPriestly,playedbyMerylStreep,scoldsherunattractiveassistantforimaginingthathighfashiondoesn′taffecther,Priestlyexplains?howthedeepbluecoloroftheassistant′ssweaterdescendedovertheyearsfromfashionshowsto?departmentsstoresandtothebargainbininwhichthepoorgirldoubtlessfoundhergarment.
Thistop-downconceptionofthefashionbusinesscouldn′tbemoreoutofdateoratoddswith?thefeverishworlddescribedinOverdressed,ElizabethCline′sthree-yearindictmentof"fast?fashion".Inthelastdecadeorso,advancesintechnologyhaveallowedmass-marketlabelssuchas?Zara,H&M,andUniqlotoreacttotrendsmorequicklyandanticipatedemandmoreprecisely.
Quickerturnaroundsmeanlesswastedinventory,morefrequentrelease,andmoreprofit.These?labelsencouragestyle-consciousconsumerstoseeclothesasdisposable--meanttolastonlyawash?ortwo,althoughtheydon′tadvertisethat--andtorenewtheirwardrobeeveryfewweeks.By?offeringon-trenditemsatdirt-cheapprices,Clineargues,thesebrandshavehijackedfashioncycles,shakinganindustrylongaccustomedtoaseasonalpace.
Thevictimsofthisrevolution,ofcourse,arenotlimitedtodesigners.ForH&Mtooffera$5.95?knitminiskirtinallits2,300-plusstoresaroundtheworld,itmustrelyonlow-wageoverseaslabor,orderinvolumesthatstrainnaturalresources,andusemassiveamountsofharmfulchemicals.
Overdressedisthefashionworld′sanswertoconsumer-activistbestsellerslikeMichaelPollan′s?TheOmnivore′sDilemma."Mass-producedclothing,likefastfood,fillsahungerandneed,yetis?non-durableandwasteful,"Clineargues.Americans,shefinds,buyroughly20billiongarmentsa?year--about64itemsperperson--andnomatterhowmuchtheygiveaway,thisexcessleadsto?waste.
TowardstheendofOverdressed,Clineintroducedherideal,aBrooklynwomannamedSarah?
A.poorbargainingskill
B.insensitivitytofashion
C.obsessionwithhighfashion
D.lackofimagination
正确答案:B
您的答案:
本题解析:细节题。根据关键词定位到第一段,“scoldsherunattractiveassistantforimaginingthat?highfashiondoesn’taffecther”意为“臭骂她那个毫无魅力的助手,因为她居然认为高级时尚影响不到她”。所以题干criticizes是scolds的同义复现.B项中的“insensitivitytofashion”解释了“imaginingthathighfashiondoesn’t?affecther”.故选B项。A项“拙劣的讨价还价技巧”是针对“bargainbininwhichthepoorgirl”出的干扰项。C项“痴迷于高级时尚”与原文表述相反。D项“缺乏想象力”是针对imagining出的干扰项。
9.Passage1
Inthe2006filmversionofTheDevilWearsPrada,MirandaPriestly,playedbyMerylStreep,scoldsherunattractiveassistantforimaginingthathighfashiondoesn′taffecther,Priestlyexplains?howthedeepbluecoloroftheassistant′ssweaterdescendedovertheyearsfromfashionshowsto?departmentsstoresandtothebargainbininwhichthepoorgirldoubtlessfoundhergarment.
Thistop-downconceptionofthefashionbusinesscouldn′tbemoreoutofdateoratoddswith?thefeverishworlddescribedinOverdressed,ElizabethCline′sthree-yearindictmentof"fast?fashion".Inthelastdecadeorso,advancesintechnologyhaveallowedmass-marketlabelssuchas?Zara,H&M,andUniqlotoreacttotrendsmorequicklyandanticipatedemandmoreprecisely.
Quickerturnaroundsmeanlesswastedinventory,morefrequentrelease,andmoreprofit.These?labelsencouragestyle-consciousconsumerstoseeclothesasdisposable--meanttolastonlyawash?ortwo,althoughtheydon′tadvertisethat--andtorenewtheirwardrobeeveryfewweeks.By?offeringon-trenditemsatdirt-cheapprices,Clineargues,thesebrandshavehijackedfashioncycles,shakinganindustrylongaccustomedtoaseasonalpace.
Thevictimsofthisrevolution,ofcourse,arenotlimitedtodesigners.ForH&Mtooffera$5.95?knitminiskirtinallits2,300-plusstoresaroundtheworld,itmustrelyonlow-wageoverseaslabor,orderinvolumesthatstrainnaturalresources,andusemassiveamountsofharmfulchemicals.
Overdressedisthefashionworld′sanswertoconsumer-activistbestsellerslikeMichaelPollan′s?TheOmnivore′sDilemma."Mass-producedclothing,likefastfood,fillsahungerandneed,yetis?non-durableandwasteful,"Clineargues.Americans,shefinds,buyroughly20billiongarmentsa?year--about64itemsperperson--andnomatterhowmuchtheygiveaway,thisexcessleadsto?waste.
TowardstheendofOverdressed,Clineintroducedherideal,aBrooklynwomannamedSarah?
A.accusation
B.enthusiasm
C.indifference
D.tolerance
正确答案:A
您的答案:
本题解析:词义题。猜测单词含义要结合上下文的意思分析。本句“…couldn’tbemoleoutofdate?oratoddswiththefeverishworlddescribedinOverdressed,ElizabethCline’sthree-yearindictmentof‘fastfashion’”,or连接两个并列分句,or前是“太老套”,由此可判断or后应该是“太时尚”,“described?in?Overdressed,Elizabeth?Cline’sthree-yearindictmentof‘fastfashion’”都是作定语修饰thefeverishworld(发烧的、疯狂的世界)。结合前面couldn't可知Cline对这fastfashion是否定的。段末提到hijack和shaking.也可知Cline对“快速时尚”持否定态度。B项enthusiasm“热情”、D项tolerance“宽容”都是褒义词。C项indifference“漠不关心,不感兴趣”,但本文态度倾向很明显。因此选A.accusation“谴责”。Cline的态度也确实是谴责,从下文写其负面影响可见一斑。
10.Passage1
Recently,CongressionalDemocratsintroducedlegislationtomakeiteasierforolderworkerstowinage?discriminationlawsuits.Agediscriminationremainsasignificantworkplaceissue.
Inrecenttenyears,15.79percentofcasesbroughttotheEqualEmploymentOpportunityCommission,weredescribedassuccessfulclaims.Whilethisnumberissmallgiventhenumberofworkerscoveredbythe?AgeDiscriminationinEmploymentAct,many,ifnotmost,instancesofagediscriminationareneversued,and?caseshiringdiscriminationoftengoundetected.
Mostofthosewhodosuearewhite,malemiddle-managerswhoarelikelytohavelostasizeablesalary?andpension.Forthemostpart,othergroupsdonotsuebecausethecostsofalawsuitoutweighthepotential?benefits.Agediscriminationremainsasignificantworkplaceissue.
Thereisstrongexperimentalevidenceforagediscriminationinhiring,atleastforentry-leveljobs.Recently,IperformedalabormarketexperimentinBostoninwhichIsentoutthousandsofresumesforfictitious?entry-levelfemalecandidatesandmeasuredresponseratebasedondateofhighschoolgraduation.Among?thisgroup,youngerapplicants,whosedateofhighschoolgraduationindicatedthattheywerelessthan50?yearsold,were40percentmorelikelytobecalledbackforaninterviewthanwereolderapplicants.
Itisdifficulttotellwhetheremploymentproblemsareworseforolderworkersthanforotherworkers?whentimesarebad.Thenumberofdiscriminationlawsuitsincreasesduringtimesofhighunemployment,but?thisfindingbyitselfdoesnotindicateanincreasedlevelofagediscrimination.Intimesofhigherunemployment,theopportunitycosttoalawsuitislowerthanitiswhentimesaregood.
Fromtheemployer′sperspective,masslayoffsmayseemlikeagoodchancetoremoveahigherproportionofgenerallymoreexpensiveolderworkerswithouttheworryofbeingsued.Ontheotherhand,employers?maybe
A.agediscriminationlawwasjustintroducedrecently
B.otherdiscriminatedgroupsdon'tsueexceptthewhites
C.agediscriminationcasesareinlargequantityanditisdifficulttodetectallofthem
D.manydiscriminatedpeopledon'tsueandcostsofalawsuitoutweighpotentialbenefits
正确答案:D
您的答案:
本题解析:推理判断题。第二段最后一句讲到许多年龄歧视案件没有被发现,第三段分析了其原因。由第三段第二句“Forthemost…”可知选D。
11.Passage1
Recently,CongressionalDemocratsintroducedlegislationtomakeiteasierforolderworkerstowinage?discriminationlawsuits.Agediscriminationremainsasignificantworkplaceissue.
Inrecenttenyears,15.79percentofcasesbroughttotheEqualEmploymentOpportunityCommission,weredescribedassuccessfulclaims.Whilethisnumberissmallgiventhenumberofworkerscoveredbythe?AgeDiscriminationinEmploymentAct,many,ifnotmost,instancesofagediscriminationareneversued,and?caseshiringdiscriminationoftengoundetected.
Mostofthosewhodosuearewhite,malemiddle-managerswhoarelikelytohavelostasizeablesalary?andpension.Forthemostpart,othergroupsdonotsuebecausethecostsofalawsuitoutweighthepotential?benefits.Agediscriminationremainsasignificantworkplaceissue.
Thereisstrongexperimentalevidenceforagediscriminationinhiring,atleastforentry-leveljobs.Recently,IperformedalabormarketexperimentinBostoninwhichIsentoutthousandsofresumesforfictitious?entry-levelfemalecandidatesandmeasuredresponseratebasedondateofhighschoolgraduation.Among?thisgroup,youngerapplicants,whosedateofhighschoolgraduationindicatedthattheywerelessthan50?yearsold,were40percentmorelikelytobecalledbackforaninterviewthanwereolderapplicants.
Itisdifficulttotellwhetheremploymentproblemsareworseforolderworkersthanforotherworkers?whentimesarebad.Thenumberofdiscriminationlawsuitsincreasesduringtimesofhighunemployment,but?thisfindingbyitselfdoesnotindicateanincreasedlevelofagediscrimination.Intimesofhigherunemployment,theopportunitycosttoalawsuitislowerthanitiswhentimesaregood.
Fromtheemployer′sperspective,masslayoffsmayseemlikeagoodchancetoremoveahigherproportionofgenerallymoreexpensiveolderworkerswithouttheworryofbeingsued.Ontheotherhand,employers?maybe
A.Theincreaseofagediscrimination
B.Thedecreaseofagediscrimination
C.Thedecreaseofopportunitycosttolawsuits
D.Theincreaseofopportunitycosttolawsuits
正确答案:C
您的答案:
本题解析:推理判断题。根据highunemployment定位到第五段最后两句。根据最后两句“Thenun-berof…”可知,高失业时期的诉讼机会成本低于好景时的机会成本,因此可推断高失业期诉讼机会成本较低可导致诉讼案件增加,故选C。
12.Passage1
Recently,CongressionalDemocratsintroducedlegislationtomakeiteasierforolderworkerstowinage?discriminationlawsuits.Agediscriminationremainsasignificantworkplaceissue.
Inrecenttenyears,15.79percentofcasesbroughttotheEqualEmploymentOpportunityCommission,weredescribedassuccessfulclaims.Whilethisnumberissmallgiventhenumberofworkerscoveredbythe?AgeDiscriminationinEmploymentAct,many,ifnotmost,instancesofagediscriminationareneversued,and?caseshiringdiscriminationoftengoundetected.
Mostofthosewhodosuearewhite,malemiddle-managerswhoarelikelytohavelostasizeablesalary?andpension.Forthemostpart,othergroupsdonotsuebecausethecostsofalawsuitoutweighthepotential?benefits.Agediscriminationremainsasignificantworkplaceissue.
Thereisstrongexperimentalevidenceforagediscriminationinhiring,atleastforentry-leveljobs.Recently,IperformedalabormarketexperimentinBostoninwhichIsentoutthousandsofresumesforfictitious?entry-levelfemalecandidatesandmeasuredresponseratebasedondateofhighschoolgraduation.Among?thisgroup,youngerapplicants,whosedateofhighschoolgraduationindicatedthattheywerelessthan50?yearsold,were40percentmorelikelytobecalledbackforaninterviewthanwereolderapplicants.
Itisdifficulttotellwhetheremploymentproblemsareworseforolderworkersthanforotherworkers?whentimesarebad.Thenumberofdiscriminationlawsuitsincreasesduringtimesofhighunemployment,but?thisfindingbyitselfdoesnotindicateanincreasedlevelofagediscrimination.Intimesofhigherunemployment,theopportunitycosttoalawsuitislowerthanitiswhentimesaregood.
Fromtheemployer′sperspective,masslayoffsmayseemlikeagoodchancetoremoveahigherproportionofgenerallymoreexpensiveolderworkerswithouttheworryofbeingsued.Ontheotherhand,employers?maybe
A.pessimistic
B.partial
C.objective
D.doubtful
正确答案:C
您的答案:
本题解析:观点态度题。第一段讲到很多年龄歧视情况都不被发现,接下来分析原因,讲到立法效果不明显等。这些都是事实及现状,作者没有带自己的主观色彩,故对年龄歧视问题的分析是客观的,所以选C。
13.Passage1
Inthe2006filmversionofTheDevilWearsPrada,MirandaPriestly,playedbyMerylStreep,scoldsherunattractiveassistantforimaginingthathighfashiondoesn′taffecther,Priestlyexplains?howthedeepbluecoloroftheassistant′ssweaterdescendedovertheyearsfromfashionshowsto?departmentsstoresandtothebargainbininwhichthepoorgirldoubtlessfoundhergarment.
Thistop-downconceptionofthefashionbusinesscouldn′tbemoreoutofdateoratoddswith?thefeverishworlddescribedinOverdressed,ElizabethCline′sthree-yearindictmentof"fast?fashion".Inthelastdecadeorso,advancesintechnologyhaveallowedmass-marketlabelssuchas?Zara,H&M,andUniqlotoreacttotrendsmorequicklyandanticipatedemandmoreprecisely.
Quickerturnaroundsmeanlesswastedinventory,morefrequentrelease,andmoreprofit.These?labelsencouragestyle-consciousconsumerstoseeclothesasdisposable--meanttolastonlyawash?ortwo,althoughtheydon′tadvertisethat--andtorenewtheirwardrobeeveryfewweeks.By?offeringon-trenditemsatdirt-cheapprices,Clineargues,thesebrandshavehijackedfashioncycles,shakinganindustrylongaccustomedtoaseasonalpace.
Thevictimsofthisrevolution,ofcourse,arenotlimitedtodesigners.ForH&Mtooffera$5.95?knitminiskirtinallits2,300-plusstoresaroundtheworld,itmustrelyonlow-wageoverseaslabor,orderinvolumesthatstrainnaturalresources,andusemassiveamountsofharmfulchemicals.
Overdressedisthefashionworld′sanswertoconsumer-activistbestsellerslikeMichaelPollan′s?TheOmnivore′sDilemma."Mass-producedclothing,likefastfood,fillsahungerandneed,yetis?non-durableandwasteful,"Clineargues.Americans,shefinds,buyroughly20billiongarmentsa?year--about64itemsperperson--andnomatterhowmuchtheygiveaway,thisexcessleadsto?waste.
TowardstheendofOverdressed,Clineintroducedherideal,aBrooklynwomannamedSarah?
A.combatunnecessarywaste
B.shutoutthefeverishfashionworld
C.resisttheinfluenceofadvertisements
D.shopfortheirgarmentsmorefrequently
正确答案:D
您的答案:
本题解析:细节题。根据关键词mass-marketlabels定位到第二段。段中“…theselabels?encouragestyle-consciousconsumerstoseeclothesasdisposable…torenewtheirwardrobeeveryfewweeks”意为“这些时装厂商鼓励追求时尚的消费者把时装变成一次性消费品……过几星期就重填一次衣柜”.题干urge就是原文encourage的同义复现。从原文可知时装厂商是鼓励消费者频繁购物.因此D项正确。A项“抵制不必要的浪费”原文没有提及。B项“将疯狂的世界排除在外”,是对原文的曲解,也是利用短语at?oddswith“与……起争执,有差异”设置的陷阱。C项“抵抗广告的影响”是针对原文“althoughtheydon’t?advertisethat”出的干扰项。
14.Passage1
Inthe2006filmversionofTheDevilWearsPrada,MirandaPriestly,playedbyMerylStreep,scoldsherunattractiveassistantforimaginingthathighfashiondoesn′taffecther,Priestlyexplains?howthedeepbluecoloroftheassistant′ssweaterdescendedovertheyearsfromfashionshowsto?departmentsstoresandtothebargainbininwhichthepoorgirldoubtlessfoundhergarment.
Thistop-downconceptionofthefashionbusinesscouldn′tbemoreoutofdateoratoddswith?thefeverishworlddescribedinOverdressed,ElizabethCline′sthree-yearindictmentof"fast?fashion".Inthelastdecadeorso,advancesintechnologyhaveallowedmass-marketlabelssuchas?Zara,H&M,andUniqlotoreacttotrendsmorequicklyandanticipatedemandmoreprecisely.
Quickerturnaroundsmeanlesswastedinventory,morefrequentrelease,andmoreprofit.These?labelsencouragestyle-consciousconsumerstoseeclothesasdisposable--meanttolastonlyawash?ortwo,althoughtheydon′tadvertisethat--andtorenewtheirwardrobeeveryfewweeks.By?offeringon-trenditemsatdirt-cheapprices,Clineargues,thesebrandshavehijackedfashioncycles,shakinganindustrylongaccustomedtoaseasonalpace.
Thevictimsofthisrevolution,ofcourse,arenotlimitedtodesigners.ForH&Mtooffera$5.95?knitminiskirtinallits2,300-plusstoresaroundtheworld,itmustrelyonlow-wageoverseaslabor,orderinvolumesthatstrainnaturalresources,andusemassiveamountsofharmfulchemicals.
Overdressedisthefashionworld′sanswertoconsumer-activistbestsellerslikeMichaelPollan′s?TheOmnivore′sDilemma."Mass-producedclothing,likefastfood,fillsahungerandneed,yetis?non-durableandwasteful,"Clineargues.Americans,shefinds,buyroughly20billiongarmentsa?year--about64itemsperperson--andnomatterhowmuchtheygiveaway,thisexcessleadsto?waste.
TowardstheendofOverdressed,Clineintroducedherideal,aBrooklynwomannamedSarah?
A.Satireonanextravagantlifestyle
B.Challengetoahigh-fashionmyth
C.Criticismofthefast-fashionindustry
D.Exposureofamass-marketsecret
正确答案:C
您的答案:
本题解析:主旨题。综观文章,第一段用事例引入时尚的话题,第二段切入文章主要论述问题“快速时尚”,并指出它破坏了时尚周期,动摇了时尚产业。第三、四段指出“快速时尚”的弊端,比如:消耗自然资源、使用大量有害的化学物质、浪费等。最后两段提到针对“快速时尚”的负面影响采取的应对措施。由此可知,C项“批评快速时尚产业”论述了文章的主题。A项“讽刺奢侈的生活方式”,原文没提。B项“挑战高级时尚的神话”、D项“揭露畅销的秘密”.均与文章关键词fastfashion无关。
15.Passage1
Inthe2006filmversionofTheDevilWearsPrada,MirandaPriestly,playedbyMerylStreep,scoldsherunattractiveassistantforimaginingthathighfashiondoesn′taffecther,Priestlyexplains?howthedeepbluecoloroftheassistant′ssweaterdescendedovertheyearsfromfashionshowsto?departmentsstoresandtothebargainbininwhichthepoorgirldoubtlessfoundhergarment.
Thistop-downconceptionofthefashionbusinesscouldn′tbemoreoutofdateoratoddswith?thefeverishworlddescribedinOverdressed,ElizabethCline′sthree-yearindictmentof"fast?fashion".Inthelastdecadeorso,advancesintechnologyhaveallowedmass-marketlabelssuchas?Zara,H&M,andUniqlotoreacttotrendsmorequicklyandanticipatedemandmoreprecisely.
Quickerturnaroundsmeanlesswastedinventory,morefrequentrelease,andmoreprofit.These?labelsencouragestyle-consciousconsumerstoseeclothesasdisposable--meanttolastonlyawash?ortwo,althoughtheydon′tadvertisethat--andtorenewtheirwardrobeeveryfewweeks.By?offeringon-trenditemsatdirt-cheapprices,Clineargues,thesebrandshavehijackedfashioncycles,shakinganindustrylongaccustomedtoaseasonalpace.
Thevictimsofthisrevolution,ofcourse,arenotlimitedtodesigners.ForH&Mtooffera$5.95?knitminiskirtinallits2,300-plusstoresaroundtheworld,itmustrelyonlow-wageoverseaslabor,orderinvolumesthatstrainnaturalresources,andusemassiveamountsofharmfulchemicals.
Overdressedisthefashionworld′sanswertoconsumer-activistbestsellerslikeMichaelPollan′s?TheOmnivore′sDilemma."Mass-producedclothing,likefastfood,fillsahungerandneed,yetis?non-durableandwasteful,"Clineargues.Americans,shefinds,buyroughly20billiongarmentsa?year--about64itemsperperson--andnomatterhowmuchtheygiveaway,thisexcessleadsto?waste.
TowardstheendofOverdressed,Clineintroducedherideal,aBrooklynwomannamedSarah?
A.Vanityhasmoreoftenbeenfoundinidealists
B.Thefast-fashionindustryignoressustainability
C.Peoplearemoreinterestedinunaffordablegarments
D.Pricingisvitaltoenvironment-friendlypurchasing
正确答案:D
您的答案:
本题解析:推断题。A项“虚荣心更多地存在于理想主义者中”,原文只是说Vanityisaconstant“虚荣心每个人都有”,属于过度推断。B项“快速时尚产业忽视了可持续发展”与原文相悖.原文说有一些公司致力于减少对环境的影响。C项“人们对买不起的衣服更感兴趣”,无中生有。D项“价格对于环保型购物来说至关重要”.文章最后提到“人们买不起的时候.自然会以更加可持续的方式去购物”.句中的关键词是“afford”和“shop?moresustainably”,对应D项中的“pricing”和“environmental-friendlypurchasing”,因此选D项。
16.Aswehaveknownfromthemapoftheworld,thisis_________.
A.twiceaslargeasthatisland
B.twiceaslargerasthatisland
C.astwicelargeasthatone
D.twiceaslargeislandasthat
正确答案:A
您的答案:
本题解析:考查数词的用法。表示“……是……的几倍”,由“倍数+as+形容词+as+”结构组成。
17.Passage2
Evenintraditionaloffices,"thelinguafrancaofcorporateAmericahasgottenmuchmoreemotionaland?muchmoreright-brainedthanitwas20yearsago,"saidHarvardBusinessSchoolprofessorNancyKoehn.
Shestartedspinningoffexamples."IfyouandIparachutedbacktoFortune500companiesin1990,we?wouldseemuchlessfrequentuseoftermslikejourney,mission,passion.Thereweregoals,therewerestrategies,therewereobjectives,butwedidn′ttalkaboutenergy;wedidn′ttalkaboutpassion."
Koehnpointedoutthatthisneweraofcorporatevocabularyisvery"team"-oriented--andnotbycoinci-dence."Let′snotforgetsports--inmale-dominatedcorpo
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