2019-2020学年人教版英语选修六培优教程练习：Unit1ArtSectionⅢ

SectionⅢGrammar——虚拟语气(一)课前语法感知Ⅰ.教材语法感知教材原句①Haveyoueverwishedyoucouldpaintaswellasaprofessionalartist?②Ifyouwereanartist,whatkindofpictureswouldyoupaint?③Iftherulesofperspectivehadnotbeendiscovered,noonewouldhavebeenabletopaintsuchrealisticpictures.④Withoutthenewpaintsandthenewtechnique,wouldwenotbeabletoseethemanygreatmasterpiecesforwhichthisperiodisfamous.⑤Therearescoresofmodernartstyles,butwithouttheImpressionists,manyothesepaintingstylesmightnotexist.探究发现(1)例句①是wish后的宾语从句中表示与现在事实相反的假设，谓语动词用一般过去时。(2)例句②③中含有if引导的非真实条件句。②中表示与现在事实相反，从句中用一般过去时。③中表示与过去事实相反，从句中用过去完成时。(3)例句④⑤是without引导的含蓄虚拟条件句，都表示与现在事实相反的假设，用一般过去时。Ⅱ.真题语法感知1．(2018·北京高考)Theymighthavefoundabetterhotelifthey________(drive)afewmorekilometers.答案：haddriven2．(2017·天津高考)—DoyouhaveBetty'sphonenumber?—Yes.Otherwise,I________(be)abletoreachheryesterday.答案：wouldn'thavebeen3．(2017·北京高考)Ifthenewsafetysystem__________(put)touse,theaccidentwouldneverhavehappened.答案：hadbeenput4．(2015·天津高考)IwishI________(be)atmysister'sweddinglastTuesday,butIwasonabusinesstripinNewYorkthen.答案：hadbeen5．(2015·陕西高考)Ellenisafantasticdancer.IwishI________(dance)aswellasher.答案：danced6．(2015·四川高考)WhatdoyouthinkIshoulddo?Ifyou________me,(be)wouldyoutalktothem?答案：were课堂合作探究虚拟语气用来表示说话人所说的话并不是事实，而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑或推测。下面我们讲解虚拟语气在条件状语从句中与名词性从句中的运用。一、虚拟语气在if条件句中的用法名师点津(1)在虚拟语气中，be动词的过去式，通常各种人称都用were；但在口语中，如果主语是单数第三人称，有时也可用was。(2)几种特殊情况：①用介词without,butfor短语作条件，代替if条件句。ButforthewiseleadershipofourParty,wewouldn'tlivesuchahappylife.要不是我们党的英明领导，我们就不会过上这么幸福的生活。②隐含条件句：用but或otherwise连接前后句，隐藏虚拟条件。Therescuearrivedinotimther,wisetheywouldhavebeenfrozentodeath.援救人员及时赶到，否则他们早就冻死了。③错综时间条件句：虚拟条件和结果不在一个时间段内。IfhIadfollowedthedoctor'sadvicewoulIdn'tsuffersomuchnow.要是我当时接受了医生的建议，我现在或许不会受如此大的苦了。④倒装句：虚拟条件句中，如有助动词were,had或should，可略掉if，并将助动词提到主语之前，形成倒装。ShouldIbefreetomorrow,Iwouldcometohelpyou.如果明天我有空，我会来帮助你。⑤Ifonly句型，意为“要是……就好了”，通常是对过去情况的假设。IfonlyIhadn'ttoldJackiethetruth,everythingcouldhavebeenallright.要是我没有告诉杰基实情，所有事情都会进展很顺利的。⑥asif/though引导的方式状语从句和表语从句，多用虚拟语气。Hetalkedasifhehadbeentomanyplacesintheworld.他谈起话来好像他去过世界上的许多地方似的。Itlooksasifitmightrain.看上去好像要下雨。【即景活用1】(1)单句语法填空①Ifit________forDad,I________whereIamtoday.(notbe)②Ifit________(snow)tomorrow,we________(notgo)out.③Withoutair,there________(be)nolivingthings.④Ifyou________(work)morecarefully,you________(notmake)somanymistakes.⑤________I________(be)inyourposition,I________(notconsider)givingupsearching.⑥________(drive)morecarefully,otherwise,we________(break)thetrafficrules.答案：①weren't;wouldn'tbe②shouldsnow/weretosnow/snowed;wouldn'tgo③wouldbe④hadworked;wouldn'thavemade⑤Should;be;wouldn'tconsider⑥Drive;wouldbreak(2)单句写作①令我们惊奇的是，她说话的语气好像她对我的过去了如指掌。Tomysurprise,______________________everythingaboutmypast.②如果他遵照医生的忠告，现在病就好了。____________________thedoctor'sadvice,he________________alreadynow.③若不是格林老师的妙招，我们不可能这么出色地完成任务。ButforMrGreen'swiseadvice,we____________________soperfectly.④我本想在那张纸上画下她的肖像，但手头没有纸。I____________________onthepaper,buttherewasnopaperathand.答案：①shetalkedasifshehadknown②Ifhehadfollowed;wouldrecover③wouldn'thavecompletedourtask④wouldhavedrawnaportraitofher二、虚拟语气在宾语从句中的用法名师点津(1)在英语中，表示请求、要求、命令或建议等意义的动词所接的宾语从句中，一般用虚拟语气，其谓语动词结构为：(should＋)动词原形。口诀记忆虚拟动词对于这类动词，我们可以使用下面的口诀记忆：一坚持(insist)二命令(order,command)三建议(suggest,propose,advise)四要求(require,request,demand,desire)(2)insist意为“坚决要求”才用虚拟语气；意为“坚持说，坚持某种观点、某个事实”则不用虚拟语气。suggest意为“建议”才用虚拟语气，意为“暗示”则不用虚拟语气。【即景活用2】(1)单句语法填空①KateinsistedthatTom________(have)anothertry.②Thelookonhisfacesuggestedthathe________(be)unhappy.③Iwouldratheryou________(pay)menow.④HowIwishI________(know)theexactdateoftheevent.答案：①(should)have②was③paid④knew(2)单句写作①他若无其事地又继续看他的书。Hecontinuedwithhisreadingasif________________.②国王下令庆典于次日举行。Thekingorderedthatthecelebration______________________.③要是我听从了老师的建议就好了。IfonlyI____________________________.答案：①nothinghadhappened②(should)beheldthenext③dayhadtakenmyteacher'sadvice课后演练提能[基础题]Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Iwouldratheryou________(notknow)what'shappening.Ifso,youwouldn'tbesoworriedaboutus.答案：didn'tknow2．Mydemandisthatyou________(go)toseeyourparentsonceaweekhoweverbusyyouare.答案：(should)go3．Butforwe________(prepare)enoughbeforehand,ourtripwouldn'tbesopleasant.答案：hadprepared4．Thesoldierinsistedthathe________(notbe)Japanese,andthathe________(nottreat)asanenemy.答案：wasn't;shouldn'tbetreated5．Iwishthecity________(do)somethingaboutthepoorconditionoftheroads.答案：woulddoⅡ.单句改错1．Iwouldratheryoustayedathomelastnight.__________________________________________________________________答案：you后加had2．Ifheisyou,heshouldtryhisbesttogotocollege.__________________________________________________________________答案：is→were3．Ifyouhadn'tseenthatfilmlatelastnight,youwillnotbesosleepynow.__________________________________________________________________答案：will→would4．Ourhomewon'tbesosuperbwithoutMom'stidiness.__________________________________________________________________答案：won't→wouldn't5．IwishIcanaccompanyyouinthecountryside,countingthestarsatnight.__________________________________________________________________答案：can→couldⅢ.单句写作1．第二，如果我是你，我会在傍晚和朋友一起散步。Secondly,__________________________，Iwouldtakeawalkintheeveningwithmyfriends.答案：ifIwereyou2．另外，我希望一个班不会有太多的学生。Besides,Iwishthere________________________inaclass.答案：wouldn'tbetoomanystudents3．为了掌握普通话，我强烈建议你和中国人进行练习。TomasterMandarin,Istrongly______________________________________.答案：(should)practicewithChinesesuggestyou4．他的儿子已离家出走一周了，他宁愿自己没对他大喊大叫。Hissonhadbeenawayfromhomeforaweek.Hewouldratherhe__________________________.答案：hadn'tshoutedloudlytohim5．我希望大家能有个愉快的夜晚！Iwishweall______________________________！答案：hadahappynight[能力题]Ⅰ.阅读理解A(2019·合肥市高三调研性测试)InvisibleDialoguesandInventedLanguages·October13,2018Thisdiscussionwillexamineself-taughtartistswhousecodedorinventedlanguagesintheirwork.ArtistsincludeMelvinEdwardNelson,andCarloKeshishian.Exploringtherelationshipbetweenlanguageandvisualexpressions,itseekstofindhowsomeunreadablewords,letters,andsymbolscommunicatemeaning.·6：30pm－8：00pm·$10members,students,seniors;$12membnon-ersArtandStorytelling·October20,2018ArtistErnestoCaivanowilldiscusstheconnectionofdrawingandstoriesinhiswork,whileexamininghowhisexplorationsofstorytellingrelatetohispreviousworkAnotheractivityincludesconversationswithartistsandscholars,providingagoopportunitytoengagewiththecentralthemesandhistoriesfoundintheartwork.·6：30pm－7：30pm·$5members,students,seniors;$8memnon-bersSelf-TaughtGenius·October27,2018SponsorSarahSuzukiwilldiscussselecteddrawingsandprintsonviewintheexhibitionHighlightsfromTSelf-aughtGeniusonaguidedgallerytour.TheprogramisheldtogetherwiththeexhibitionHighlightsfromSelf-TaughtGeniusatthenewlyopenedTSelf-aughtGeniusGalleryinLongIslandCity,Queens.·6：00pm－7：00pm·$5members,students,seniors;$8memnon-bersGender,Politics,andTextiles(纺织品)·November3,2018ArthistorianJuliaBryan-WilsonwillpresentanillustratedoverviewofherpublicationFray:ArtandTextilePolitics.Juliawillexploretherelationshipbetweentextiles,gender,andwar.Thebooksigningwillfollowthediscussion.·6：30pm－8：00pm·$8members,students,seniors;$10memnon-bers篇章导读：本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了几个有关艺术的讨论活动。1．Whowilltalkaboutdrawingandstories?A．ErnestoCaivano.B．SarahSuzuki.C．MelvinEdwardNelson.D．JuliaBryan-Wilson.答案：A细节理解题。根据第二个活动部分中的“ArtistErnestoCaivanowilldiscusstheconnectionofdrawingandstories”in可知his，EworkrnestoCaivano将会讨论绘画和故事之间的联系，故选A。2．WhichoftheactivitiesisavailableinNovember,2018?A．Self-TaughtGenius.B．ArtandStorytelling.C．Gender,Politics,andTextiles.D．InvisibleDialoguesandInventedLanguages.答案：C细节理解题。根据最后一个活动Gender,Politics,andTextiles(纺织品)的时间介绍“November3,2018”可知，应选C。3．Whatisthepurposeofthetext?A．Toadvertisesomeactivities.B．Tointroducesomeartists.C．Topublicizesomebooks.D．Tosponsorsomeevents.答案：A推理判断题。根据对全文的整体理解可知，本文是一篇活动介绍，主要介绍了几个有关艺术的讨论活动，故选A。B(2019·广东省肇庆市高中毕业班第一次检测)YoucanseeaseaturtlenamedHerman,anoctopus章(鱼)calledOctavia,andasealnamedLidiaattheSmithsonian'sNationalZooinWashington．CD.Ratherthanrealanimals,theyareactuallyartworksmadeoutofplastictrashfromtheocean.Theseartworksarepartofatravellingexhibitcalled“WashedAshore:ArttoSatheSea”.TheWashedAshoreproject,ledbytheartistcalledPozzi,workstoraiseawarenessaboutplasticpollutioninEarth'soceans.Morethan315billionpoundsofplasticlittertheworld'soceanstoday.Mostofplasticisgarbagefromtownsandcities,aswellastrashthatpeopleleaveonbeacRainwater,winds,andhightidesbringthetrashintotheoceanorintoriversthatltheocean.Onceitisunderthewaves,theplasticbeginstobreakupintosmallersmallerpieces.ThousandsofseaanimalsdieeachyearfromeatingplasticbagsandotherthingsEachyear,millionsmorepoundsofplasticendupintheocean.Arecentstudyfounthatifthatcontinues,by2050thetotalweightofplasticwillbemorethanthatoffishintheocean.TheWashedAshoreprojectisworkingtostopthatfromhappening.Since2010,WashedAshorevolunteershavecollected38,000poundsofplastictrashfrommorethan300milesofbeaches.TheyhelpedPozzicreatemorethan60artworksofseacreatureharmedbyplasticpollution.“Theseartworksareapowerfulreminderofourpersonalroleandglobalresponsibilityinpreservingbiodiversity生物多样性()onlandandinthe，”seasaysDennisKelly,directoroftheNationalZoo.篇章导读：本文是一篇新闻报道。WashedAshore项目展览了一些用海洋里的塑料垃圾制成的艺术品，提醒人们海洋塑料污染问题的严重性及拯救海洋、保护环境的重要性。4．WhatisthepurposeoftheartworksshownattheSmithsonian'sNationalZoo?A．Toletpeopleknowaboutanimalsintheocean.B．Tointroduceonewayofrecyclingplastictrash.C．Towarnpeopleofplasticpollutionintheocean.D．ToshowPozzi'sgreatgiftforcreatingartworks.答案：C细节理解题。根据第二段内容可知，展览这些垃圾制成的艺术品的目的是提醒人们海洋被塑料污染这一问题的严重性，从而引起人们对这一问题的重视，故选C。5．Accordingtothepassage,whatisthesourceofplasticpollutionintheoceaA．Garbagefromtownsandcities.B．Trashleftonbeachesbypeople.C．Plasticbagsbrokenupbywaves.D．Littercreatedbyhumanactivities.答案：D细节理解题。根据第三段中的第二句“Mostoftheplasticisgarbagefromtownsandcities,aswellastrashthatpeopleleave”可知，on海beaches.洋中的塑料污染主要来自于城镇垃圾和人们留在沙滩上的垃圾，即人类活动产生的垃圾。A、B两项只是其中一方面，故选D。6．ThedatainParagraph5isgiventoprovethat________.A．plasticpollutionwillbemoreseriousintheoceanB．moreandmoreartworksofseacreatureswillbemadeC．theWashedAshoreprojecthasmadegreatachievementsD．volunteerscansolvetheoceanpollutionsuccessfullyby2050答案：C推理判断题。第五段的数据表明自2010年以来，WashedAshore项目的志愿者已经从300多英里的海滩上收集了3.8万磅的塑料垃圾。他们帮助Pozzi创作了60多幅受到塑料污染伤害的海洋生物作品。这些数字说明WashedAshore项目取得了很大成就，故选C。7．What'sDennisKelly'sattitudetowardstheartworks?A．Worried.C．Doubtful.B．Supportive.D．Unconcerned.答案：B推理判断题。根据最后一段DennisKelly说的“Theseartworksareapowerfulreminderofourpersonalroleandglobalres