高一期末英语（定稿）

荆州市沙市区高级中学校2022-2023学年高一上学期期末考试英语试卷考试时间：2023年1月2日第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题分，满分分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatcolouristheman’scar?A.Blue. B.Green. C.White.2.Whydoesn’tthewomanneedtoprovideherage?A.Itisonlyrequiredforchildren.B.Itisonlyrequiredforpatients.C.Itisonlyrequiredfordoctors.3.Howlongisthewomanlate?A.Onehour. B.Twohours. C.Threehours.4.Whatwillthemandothisweekend?A.Seesomefriends. B.Haveapicnic. C.Gotothebeach.5.Wherewillthemanbebefore7:00?A.Athome. B.Attheoffice. C.Atarestaurant.第二节（共15小题；每小题分，满分分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.HowdoesLindalooktoday?A.Sad. B.Happy. C.Angry.7.WholiveswithLindanow?A.Herdaughter. B.Hermother. C.Herbrother.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.WhatwasMattreadingtoday?A.Amagazine. B.Anewspaper. C.Astorybook.9.WhichteachersaidMattneedstoimproveinmath?A.Ms.Anderson. B.Ms.Smith. C.Ms.Fitz.10.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Acouple. B.Neighbours. C.Co-workers.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Inamuseum. B.Inazoo. C.Inaschool.12.Howmuchdoesaticketcostnow?A.$5. B.$25. C.$30.13.Whatanimalswillthespeakersseenext?A.Monkeys. B.Elephants. C.Lions.听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。14.Whichisclosetothehouse?A.Therestaurant. B.Thepark. C.Themarket.15.Whenwillthemanprobablymovein?A.Inoneweek. B.Intwoweeks. C.Inthreeweeks.16.Onwhichdaywillthemantakethekeys?A.Thursday. B.Friday. C.Saturday.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Wherewasthewomanlastmonth?A.InAustralia. B.InAmerica. C.InFrance.18.Whatwasthewoman’sjobinFrance?A.Ateacher. B.Adoctor. C.Anactress.19.Howoldisthewoman?A.35. B.40. C.50.20.Whatisthemainpointofthespeech?A.Areportofaresearch.B.Amovieaboutdeserts.C.Anintroductiontoaguest. 第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题;每小题分，满分分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ACONTRIBUTORSPOTLIGHTSSARAHGAGLIANOSarahenjoysvariousoutdooractivitiesinallseasons，includingcyclingandhiking.WhileexploringthevariousnationalparksintheMontrealarea，shemakessuretobringhercameraalongandkeepshereyesforamazingwildlifephotoopportunities.CheckoutherawesomephotoalbumaboutthenearbyBouchervilleNationalParkinWildAboutHikingonpage8.NATETIEMERBorninBerlinin1938andimmigratingtoCanadain1957，Natedecidedtofurtherhereducation，firstatahighschoolandthenattheUniversityofToronto.At67sheretiredandstartedwriting，ahobbytopursue.Shewrotearticlesasacolumnistforafewyearsandisstillspreadingherwingscreatively-readhercharmingstoryTheEasterBunnyonpage23.BRENTHENDRICKAsadocumentaryfilmmaker，photographerandadventurer，Brent，forthepast30years，hassoughtoutandexploredabandoned，forgotten，butsimplyfascinatingsitesaroundthecountry.Hehasalsotakenhisurbanexplorationtonewheightsbyaddingdrone(无人机)videos，exploringandrecordingeverythingfromforgottenminingtownsto“ghosttower”indowntownToronto.Toknowmore，turntoShowcaseonpage38.JACKIEFormorethan30yearsJackiehasenjoyedtouringtheworld’ssevencontinents.ShebuiltherownhomeonagulfislandoffthecoastofBritishColumbia，livingthereforupwardsof20years.Aboutadecadeago，JackiesettleddowninSayward，onVancouverIsland，whereshepursuesherinterestsofwritingpoetryandshortstories，gardeningandenjoyingnature.JackiesharesherexperiencesoflifeinSaywardinMyHometownonpage58.21.Ifyouareinterestedinwildlife，youmayprefer.A.WildaboutHiking B.TheEasterBunmy C.Showcase D.MyHometown22.Whatdothefourpeopleintroducedabovehaveincommon?A.Theyalllivealonelylife. B.Theylivefarawayfromthecity.C.Theyalldeveloptheirownhobbies. D.Theyaremorethan60yearsold.23.Whatisthepurposeofthetext?A.Tocallforreaders’donation. B.Torecommendsomecontributors.C.Todescribeunforgettableevents. D.Tointroduceatraveldestination.BA9-year-oldBritishschoolgirl,adoubleamputee(双侧截肢者),issettomakehistoryaftershewalkedthecatwalkatNewYorkFashionWeek.Daisy-MayDemetrehasbeenchosenasamodelfortheFrench-inspiredfashionlineLuluetGigiCoutureafteritsfoundersawhermodelinginLondon.HerappearanceatthefamousNewYorkFashionWeekonSeptember8thmarkedthefirsttimeadoubleamputeehadstarredinthecatwalk.TheBirminghamschoolgirlisalsosettoshowherselfinParisFashionWeek.Daisy-May’slegswereamputatedasaresultofbeingbornwithfibularhemimelia,abirthdiseaseinwhichpartofthefibularbone(腓骨)inthelegismissing.Herparents,AlexandClaireDemetre,wereshockedtoknowthatthechildwould“havenolegs”.HerparentswerefacedwiththepredicamentofwhethertowatchDaisy-Maygrowupwithdeformed(畸形的)legsthatshewouldn’tbeabletouseortoallowdoctorstoperformadoubleamputation.Theycouldn’tmakeuptheirminds.Itwasnotuntiltheaveragechildbegantowalkandherlegbonesbegantoinfluenceherbalanceandnormallifethatherparentsdecidedtochooseamputation.“Wedidn’tknowatthetimethatDaisy-Maywouldbeasgoodassheisnow,”saidAlex.“Atthetime,Iisolated(孤立)myself—Ihaddrinkingproblems.Thathasallchanged—andthat’sdowntohertakingeachdaywithabigsmileonherface,”headded.“Shetoldmenottoworryandinspiredmetobebrave.”Daisy-May’scareerhassincesky-rocketedinpopularity.Alex,meanwhile,saysthathecouldn’tbeprouderofhisdaughter.“Thedisabilitydoesn’tstopDaisy-May.ShejustdoesDaisy,thewayshegoesaboutlifewithasmileonherface.”24.WhatdoyouknowaboutDaisy-MayDemetre?A.Herfirstperformanceonthecatwalkdidn’tsucceed.B.Shebecameadoubleamputeebecauseofanaccident.C.Sheisthefirstdoubleamputeetoperformatthefashionshow.D.Shelooksforwardtoperformingformorefashionlines.25.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“predicament”inthe4thparagraphmean?A.Anunexpecteddanger. B.Adifficultsituation.C.Apainfuloperation. D.Aseriousexamination.26.WhatcouldbeinferredfromParagraph5?A.AlexgaveDaisy-Maythegreatestencouragement.B.Daisy-Mayisolatedherselfaftertheamputation.C.Daisy-Mayisagirlwithanoptimisticmind.D.AlexexpectedDaisy-Maytobeamodelatheryoungage.27.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.Daisy-MayWalkedontheCatwalkwithOneLegB.ADoubleAmputeeIsaGymnastasWellasaModelC.ABritishSchoolgirlSetaNewRecordintheFashionShowD.A9-year-oldDoubleAmputeeMakesHistoryontheCatwalkCPieterBruegel’s1565realisticpaintingTheHarvestershangsattheMetropolitanMuseumofArt.“Theworkdescribesfarmerscuttingwheatnearlyastallastheyare,”GhentUniversitybiologistIveDeSmetsays.“Nowadays,ifyouwalkthroughawheatfield,youbasicallyseewheatisaboutknee-high,whichisaconsequenceofselectivebreeding(培育)fromthesecondhalfofthe20thcentury.”DeSmetsayshe’steamingupwitharthistorianDavidVergauwenofAmaranttolookatthingswheretheycanspotdifferencesinshape,incolor,andinsize.Wheatisjustoneexampleofhowhistoricalartworkcanhelptrackthetransformationoffoodcropsovertime.Friendssincechildhood,theytookinterestinplantsinartworkandbeganwithavisittotheHermitageMuseuminRussia—wheretheynoticedanodd-lookingwatermeloninanearly-17th-centurypaintingbyFlemishartistFransSnyders.“Soifyouthinkofawatermelon,youcutitthrough,itshouldbedarkredontheinside.Butthatoneappearedtobepaleandwhite.”DeSmetassumedthepainterhaddoneapoorjob.ButVergauwensaid,“Thisisoneofthebestpainterseverfromthatera.Soifhepaintsitlikethat,that’sthewayitmusthavebeen.”Otherpaintingsshowedthatbothredandwhitewatermelonswereraisedduringthe17thcentury.Theteamhopestosetupanonlineresearchdatabaseofhistoricalplantartwork.Theycreateasocialmediahashtag(主题标签)forit.Anyonecouldsendpicturesofrelevantartworkanddetailsofplantswhentheyvisitamuseumorexhibitthroughthehashtag.But,theyadd,thesourcesneedtoberealistic.“Ifyou’regoingtouse,forexample,Picassotounderstandhowapearlooked,youmightbemisled.”28.WhatcanwelearnfromDeSmet’swordsinparagraph1?A.Humanshavemainlyfedonwheatsince1565.B.Selectivebreedingaffectsagriculturalstructure.C.Wheathasgonethroughgreatchangesinheight.D.ThesceneinTheHarvestersmaybeunbelievable.29.WhatisVergauwen’sattitudetothewatermelonpaintedbyFransSnyders?A.Curious. B.Disapproving. C.Doubtful. D.Favorable.30.Whyisthesocialmediahashtagcreated?A.Tocollectmorepaintingsfortheirdatabase. B.Toencouragepeopletofocusonart.C.Toadvertisetheirresearchdatabase. D.Tosharesomehistoricalplantartwork.31.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Ancientpaintingsfocusedonfoodcrops. B.Oldartrevealsagriculturalinformation.C.Twomencreateadatabaseofplantartwork. D.Plantstodayaredifferentfromtheirancestors.DWhetherapersonisconsideringstartingasmallbusinessorchangingcareerpaths,passionmustbetakenintoaccount.Whilecharacteristicssuchasstrongvalues,talent,ambition,intellect,discipline,persistence(毅力),andluckallcontributetobusinessandcareersuccess,followingyourpassioncanoftenmakethemostsignificantdifferenceofall.Beforediscussingpassionandexplainingitssignificance,wemustfirstdefinethetruemeaningofsuccess.Successisusuallythoughtofasmakinglargesumsofwealthorachievingacertainleveloffame,buttruesuccessthatsatisfiesisnotallaboutmoney.Successisbetterdefinedasanachievementofadesiredaimorpurpose.Morethanmoneyorfame,mostpeopledesiretocombinetheirownpassionswiththeirworkwhilemakingasustainableincome.Themoreyouearn,thelessmoneyreturns,makingmoneyanelusive(难以捉摸的)definitionofsuccess.Formostpeople,successmeansbeingproudoftheirachievementsandbeingpartofsomethingthatmatters.Thisisparticularlytruewhenitcomestomeaningfulwork.Ifapersondecidestofollowtheirpassion,thereisagreaterlikelihoodthatmoneyandtraditionalsuccesswillfollowbecausethetimeandeffortinvestedintheadventurecomewithenthusiasmandzeal(热情).Ifenthusiasmandpassionarepresent,peopletendtobemoreresilient(有承受力)whenfacingdifficulties.Peoplewhoarepassionateaboutwhattheydo,ratherthanjust“initforthemoney,”tendtobepeoplewhohavemorepositiveoutlooksandcanovercomedifficultythroughproblem-solving.Also,themorepassionatesomeoneisabouttheirjob,themoreinclined(倾向于)theyaretoworkhardonself-improvement,increasingtheirchancesofsuccess.OneofthemostsuccessfulcompaniesintheworldisApple.Apple’sfounderandmostremarkableleaderwasthelateSteveJobs.Inanarticletitled“TheSevenSuccessPrinciplesofSteveJobs”,writerCarmineGallooutlinessevenfactorsresponsibleforJobs’success.ThearticleisbasedoninterviewswithAppleemployeesandSteveJobshimself.Thefirstprinciple?“Dowhatyoulove.”SteveJobsbelievedinthepowerofpassionandoncesaid,“Peoplewithpassioncanchangetheworldforthebetter.”Jobsclaimedthathispassionforhisworkmadeallthedifference.32.InwritingParagraph1,theauthoraimsto______.A.introducethetopic B.makeacomparisonC.presentaproblem D.giveadefinition33.Bysaying“Themoreyouearn,thelessmoneyreturns,makingmoneyanelusivedefinitionofsuccess.”inParagraph3,theauthormeans______.A.sometimesyoudon’tgetmuchrewardforyourhardworkB.moneydoesn’talwaysdefinesuccessC.ifyouwanttobesuccessful,youneedasteadyincomeD.themoreyouearn,thelessmoneyreturns,whichisnotasignofsuccess34.WhatcouldwelearnfromParagraph4?A.Mostpeopleintendtochoosemeaningfuljobs.B.Ifyoufollowmostpeople’scourse,successisjustaroundthecorner.C.Workingwithenthusiasmismorelikelytosucceed.D.Ifyouarealwaysproudofyourself,youwillsucceedeasily.35.Whatcouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.SteveJobsandHisSuccessPrinciplesB.FollowYourPassions,andSuccessWillFollowC.SecretstoSuccessD.PassionandYourCareer第二节（共5小题；每小题分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Believeitornot，humansspendroughlyone-thirdoftheirlivesasleep.Nowonderthequalityofoursleepissocloselylinkedtothequalityofourlives.36Herearesomefunfactsrelatedtosleepthatyoumightnotknowabout.Let'sfindout!Howdoastronautssleep?Apersoninspacegoestobedatnightthenwakesupthenextday.Butit’salittledifferentsincethereisnoupordownandnopullofgravity.37Astronautscanattachthemselvestoawall，aseatorabedinsidethecabinsotheydon’tfloataroundorbumpintosomething.38We’reallfamiliarwithsongsgettingstuckinourheadswhilewe’reawake.Thisphenomenoniscalledearworms.Itturnsoutthatthiscanhappenduringsleepaswell.Evenifwe’reasleep，ourbrainscontinuetoprocessmusic，whichcouldcauseproblemsingettingtosleepandstayingasleep.Sleepwithyourpet?Isitgoodforyoutosleepwithapet?Expertshavetraditionallysaidno.Pets，likedogsandcats，donotsleepcontinuouslyandtheywilloftengetupandwalkonthebed.Alloftheactivitieswillleadtoadisturbedsleep.39Butrecentstudiesfoundthatpeoplewithdepressionoranxietymaybenefitfromhavingtheirpetsinthebed.Sockscanhelpussleep?40Puttingonapairofsocksatbedtimewillhelpyoufallasleep15minutesearlierandwakeupfarless.Wearingsockscanhelpaproccsscalleddistalvasodilation(远端血管舒张)，whichreferstoanincreaseofbloodtoyourhandsandfeet.A.Canyoufeelthemusicclearly?B.Earwormshappenwhilesleeping?C.Thismightcauseyoutosleepevenworse.，weighllessastionautscansleepanywhere.E.Yoursleepwillimprovewithapairofwarmfeet.F.Asoundsleepcanbringagoodmoodandenergy.G.Toolittlesleepwillaffectacademicperformances.第三部分英语知识运用(共三节,满分45分)第一节完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Everycultureontheplanethascertaintopicsthatpeopleavoiddiscussing.Butthetaboos(禁忌)ofoneculturemaybeverydifferentfromthoseofanother.Youmaybe41thatpeoplefromotherculturessaywhatyoucan'ttalkabout.Payingattentiontowhatpeopledon't42canteachussomethingimportantabouttheirculture.Theirtabootopicsgiveuscluesaboutwhattheyvalue,respectorevenfear.Topicsthatareconsideredtoopersonalortoocontroversial(有争议的)mayalsobeavoided.Americaisfulloftabootopics.Usually,duringapoliteconversation,Americanswill43bothpoliticsandreligion.Theyalsoavoidtalkingaboutracialissues.Why?Becausethesetopicscancausestrongopinionsand44.Americansbelieveit'sbesttoavoidthem—especiallyatsocialgatherings.ManyAmericansalsodonotfeel45talkingabouttheirpersonalincome,ageorhealth.46,theyprefertomakesmalltalksabouttheweather,sportsorcommoninterests.WhatdothesetaboostellusaboutAmerican47?Forone,theyshowthatAmericansplaceimportanceon48.Americacertainlyisn'ttheonlyplacethatvaluesit.Youwillfind49taboosaboutaskingpersonalquestionsinmanyEuropeancountries."ThisisespeciallytrueinGermany,"saysHannaGraf,aGermanlivinginShanghai."InGermany,youarenotsupposedtoaskaboutotherpeople'spersonalbusiness,"shesays."Butthereareno50rulesaboutwhatyoucan'task;it'sjustinpeople'sminds."InBrazil,51,almostanythingseemsopentodiscussion."Brazilianstalkaboutallkindsofpersonalissues,"saysMarkQuinlan,whogrewupinBrazil.Butofcourse,evenBrazilhasitsowntaboos.InBrazil,socceristheonetopicthatcanturnfriendsintoenemies.Brazilianslovethesport.Sayinganything52aboutsoccercancausebigtrouble.Evenexpressingpreferenceforoneteamoveranothercanbe53.LikeBrazilians,Australianstalkfreelyaboutalmostanything.However,theydonottalkabouttheirpersonalorbusiness54.Theyprefertoletpeoplejudgethembytheiractions,nottheirwords.Boastingyourachievementswillonlymakeyouthe55ofotherpeople'sjokes.Andwhataboutyourtaboos?Thenexttimeyouhaveaconversation,payattentiontowhatisn'tsaid.Youmightbeamazedatwhatyoulearnaboutyourownculture.A．excited B．surprised C．fascinated D．relievedA．stress B．consider C．desire D．discussA．ruleout B．taketo C．touchupon D．focusonA．arguments B．interactions C．agreements D．relationshipsA．embarrassed B．confused C．relaxed D．disappointedA．Besides B．Occasionally C．Frankly D．InsteadA．values B．features C．statuses D．dreamsA．culture B．independence C．privacy D．freedomA．giant B．unique C．similar D．aggressiveA．specialized B．basic C．common D．writtenA．moreover B．however C．therefore D．anyhowA．super B．worthless C．magical D．negativeA．beneficial B．impressive C．dangerous D．emotionalA．achievements B．secrets C．lives D．failuresA．audience B．designer C．target D．interpreter第二节语法填空（共10小题：每小题分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Overtwenty57(activity)willbeheldduringtheannualfestival,58runsthroughFeb28nextyear.Thehighlightoftheeventisskiingcontests,naturewatchingandanicedragonboat59(compete).Yetmeredecadesago,ChaganLakewasaverydifferentplace.Bytheendofthe1970s,thelake60(cut)downtoonlydozensofsquarekilometersduetodroughtandoverfishing.Thankstothegovernment’efforts61(restore)Chagantoitsformerglory,thelakenowcoversanareaof500squarekilometers,62itsfishresourceshavealsorecovered.Thelakehasreceivedmorethan1.8millionvisitorssofarthisyear,a29.4%increase63(compare)withthesameperiodofthepreviousyear.ThecharmoficefishingatChaganLakeliesinkeepingthefishingcultureofourancestorsaliveand64(carry)itforward—hand-drillingholesthroughthethickiceandloweringnetsintothefrostywaterstocatchfish.Thetechniquehasbeenlisted65anational-levelformofintangibleculturalheritage.第四部分写作（共三节，满分40分）第一节：根据首字母和汉语提示写出正确的单词。（满分10分）66．Iamsurewewillhaveawonderfultimeandenjoyeachother’s_______(陪伴）.67．Oneofthe